2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit1Anewstart第3課時(shí)Developingideas學(xué)案含解析外研版必修第一冊(cè)

PAGEUnit1Anewstart第三課時(shí)DevelopingideasⅠ.詞匯初探1．a(chǎn)ward(n.)獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)賞2．opportunity(n.)機(jī)會(huì)，時(shí)機(jī)3．subscribe(v.)訂閱4．view(n.)(一次)觀看5．former(adj.)從前的6．sight(n.)望見7．figure(v.)認(rèn)為，以為8．select(v.)選擇，選拔9．neat(adj.)好的，令人開心的10．specific(adj.)詳細(xì)的，特定的11．struggle(v.)奮斗；拼搏12．memorise(v.)記住，熟記13．committee(n.)委員會(huì)14．rate(v.)對(duì)……作評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)15．exchange(v.)看法、信息等溝通16．graduate(v.)畢業(yè)→graduation(n.)畢業(yè)17．frightened(adj.)膽怯 的，恐驚的→frightening(adj.)令人膽怯 的18．disappointed(adj.)悲觀的，懊喪的→disappointing(adj.)令人悲觀的19．particular(adj.)特定的，特指的→particularly(adv.)特殊，尤其20．improve(v.)改善，改進(jìn)→improvement(n.)改善，改進(jìn)21．performance(n.)(工作或活動(dòng)中的)表現(xiàn)→perform(v.)表現(xiàn)，表演Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)互譯1．當(dāng)然，確定for_sure2．處理，應(yīng)付deal_with3．在……末尾at_the_end_of4．提到，談到refer_to5．goallout全力以赴6．inparticular尤其，特殊7．givesb.ahand幫某人忙8．lookforwardto(興奮地)期盼，盼望Ⅲ.語(yǔ)篇理解StepⅠ.Readthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．WhatwasLisainvitedtodo?A．Totellusthatshewouldgotocollege.B．Toshareheradviceforhighschool.C．Totellusthatshegraduatedfromhighschool.D．Toshareherpainfulexperience.答案：B2．HowdidLisafirstfeelwhenshehadachemistrytestattheendoffirstweek?A．Nervous. B．Relaxed.C．Frightened. D．Embarrassed.答案：C3．HowmanyquestionsdidtheintervieweraskLisa?A．2. B．3.C．4. D．5.答案：C4．Accordingtothepassage,wecanseethat________.A．LisahadfewfriendsB．LisagaveinwhenshefacedchallengesC．LisajoinedtheschoolvolleyballteamonlyforwinningD．Lisastillworkedhardalthoughshewasn'tselectedfortheend-of-yearcompetition答案：D5．What'stheimportantadvicethatLisagave?A．Helpyourfriendswhentheyneedit.B．Trytobearainbow.C．Keepworkinghard.D．Keepanopenmind.答案：AStepⅡ.Decidewhetherthefollowingsentencesaretrueorfalse.1．LisagraduatedfromhighschoollastJuly.(F)2．LisatookpartinOrientationDay.(T)3．Lisagaveinwhenshefacednewchallenges.(F)4．Lisawasselectedfortheend-of-yearcompetition.(F)5．Lisathinksthathelpingotherswillmakeusfeelgood.(T)StepⅢ.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.Lisa1.graduated(graduate)fromhighschoollastJuneandisabouttogotocollege.Shewasinvitedtoshareher2.suggestions(suggestion)forhighschool.ShethinksOrientationDaywasreally3.helpful(help).Ithelpsstudentstogettoknowtheschoolandtheotherstudents.Sokeepanopenmindandtakepartinasmuch4.aspossible.WhentheintervieweraskedLisahowshedealwithnewchallenges.Lisatoldachemistrytest5.attheendofthefirstweek.Shewas6.frightened(frighten)atthesightofthetestpaper.Butthenshefiguredshe'dbetterjustgoalloutandsee7.whathappened.ThenLisatoldhowshedealtwithsomemoments8.whenshewasdisappointed.Shewasn't9.selected(select)fortheend-of-yearcompetition.Atfirstshewasreallysad,butlatershestillkeptworkinghardtosupportherteammates.Lookingbackatherhighschoollife,shethoughtthemostimportantadvicewastogiveherfriends10.ahandwhentheywereintrouble.1eq\a\vs4\al(award)(1)n.獎(jiǎng)；獎(jiǎng)品；獎(jiǎng)狀；獎(jiǎng)金MoYanreceivedagreatawardgivenbytheNobelPrizeCommittee.莫言獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)頒發(fā)的大獎(jiǎng)。(2)vt.授予；嘉獎(jiǎng)；判給；頒獎(jiǎng)，授獎(jiǎng)①Shewasawardedamedalforbravery.她因英勇而獲得獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。②TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize.他們授予約翰一等獎(jiǎng)。[歸納拓展](1)win/receiveanaward/awards贏得/得到嘉獎(jiǎng)(2)awardsb.forsth.因某事嘉獎(jiǎng)某人awardsb.sth./awardsth.tosb.授予某人某物[易混辨析]名詞動(dòng)詞award獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金receiveanaward贏得獎(jiǎng)品授予，頒發(fā)awardsb.sth.＝awardsth.tosb.reward獎(jiǎng)金或一些非金錢的酬勞。inrewardfor作為對(duì)……的回報(bào)賜予酬勞，指因?qū)Ψ降墓ぷ鳌⒎?wù)、幫助而賜予的酬勞或獎(jiǎng)賞。rewardsb.forsth.因某事而嘉獎(jiǎng)某人[巧學(xué)助記][即時(shí)鞏固]寫出下列句中award的含義①Thejudgeawardedalargesumofmoneytothosehurtbytheexplosion.(判定)②Thebeststudentsareawardedspecialscholarships(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金)．(授予)③Cathydidn'texpectanyawardbutwasstilltheretocheerherfriends.(獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金)句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Theorganizerawardedourteamthecup.＝Theorganizerawarded_the_cup_to_our_team.2subscribevi.同意；捐贈(zèng)；訂閱vt.簽署(文件)；捐助①Themanagersubscribedhisnametothedocument.經(jīng)理在這份文件上簽了字。②ManycountrieshavesubscribedagreatdealofmoneytoJapan.很多國(guó)家已經(jīng)向日本捐獻(xiàn)了大量的錢。[歸納拓展](1)subscribeto...訂閱(報(bào)紙或雜志)；同意，贊同；向……捐款subscribefor...認(rèn)購(gòu)(股票)(2)subscriptionn．訂閱費(fèi)；訂購(gòu)款；訂購(gòu)subscribern．訂閱人，訂戶，訂購(gòu)者①Hedidn'tsubscribetoourproposal.他不同意我們的建議。②Whichjournal(s)doyousubscribeto?你訂閱哪一種雜志？[即時(shí)鞏固]用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空①I'vepersonallyneversubscribedtotheviewthateithersexissuperiortotheother.解析：句意：我個(gè)人從來(lái)不贊同哪一特性別優(yōu)于另一個(gè)的觀點(diǎn)。本題考查介詞。subscribeto“同意；贊同”。單句語(yǔ)法填空②Youmaycancelatanytimeduringyoursubscription(subscribe)andgetallyourmoneyback.解析：句意：在訂閱期間，你可以隨時(shí)取消訂閱并拿回全部錢?？疾槊~。your為形容詞性物主代詞，其后應(yīng)用名詞。③Withsomanykindsofmagazinestochoosefrom，Ifeltatalosswhichto_subscribe(subscribe)．解析：句意：有這么多雜志可供選擇，我一時(shí)不知道訂哪種?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境此處應(yīng)當(dāng)用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填tosubscribe。3eq\a\vs4\al(view)(1)n.[C](從某處看到的)景色，風(fēng)景Theviewfromthetopofthemountainiswonderful.從山頂遠(yuǎn)眺，景色很美。(2)n.觀看，看Youngmenclimbedonbusesandfencestogetabetterview.為了看得更清晰些，年輕人爬上了公共汽車和柵欄。(3)n.[U]視野，視域，視線Sitdown—you'reblockingmyview.坐下，你攔住我的視線了。(4)n.[C](個(gè)人的)觀點(diǎn)，看法，見解，看法(多用復(fù)數(shù)形式)What'syourviewonschoolpunishment?你對(duì)學(xué)校的懲罰有什么看法？(5)vt.觀看；凝視；考慮①Peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoviewherpaintings.人們從世界各地涌來(lái)觀賞她的油畫。②Wecanviewtheproblemsinmanyways.我們可以從多方面來(lái)考慮這些問題。[巧學(xué)助記][歸納拓展]inone'sview/opinion在某人看來(lái)inviewof鑒于，考慮到outofview看不見，在視野之外haveagoodviewof對(duì)……一覽無(wú)余getagoodview看得清晰；好的視野comeintoview進(jìn)入視野，被望見①Inviewofthis,thedecisionmaynotbeeasy.考慮到這點(diǎn)，可能很難做出確定。②Agroupofriderscameintoviewonthedirtroad.一群騎車的人出現(xiàn)在那條土路上。[易混辨析]view常指從遠(yuǎn)處或高處或某個(gè)特定的角度看到的景象scenery是不行數(shù)名詞，指某地總的自然風(fēng)景或景色，尤指鄉(xiāng)間景色scene指呈現(xiàn)在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活動(dòng)在內(nèi)，還可以表示“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；場(chǎng)面”等sight既可以指場(chǎng)景、眼前看到的景觀，又可以指名勝，表示“名勝”時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式[巧學(xué)助記]形象記憶“風(fēng)景”與“場(chǎng)景”四單詞[即時(shí)鞏固]補(bǔ)全句子①In_view_of(鑒于)thefactthatthejourneywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5,000metres,shechangedhermindatlast.②Theyhave_different_views_on(對(duì)……有不同的觀點(diǎn))theman'srealidentity.③In_my_view/opinion(在我看來(lái)),shedidcareaboutherparents.④Finally,thefamoustemplecame_into_view(映入眼簾)．⑤Oneoftheadvantagesoflivingonthetopfloorofahighbuildingisthatyoucanget_a_good_view(看得清晰)．⑥Fromthetallbuilding,youcanhave_a_good_view_of(對(duì)……一覽無(wú)余)thewholecity.用view,sight,scene或scenery填空⑦We'llseethesightsofParistomorrow.⑧Wewerehappytoseethesceneofthechildrenplayinggameshappily.⑨Thebeautifulsceneryinthemountainattractedallofus.⑩Youcangetagoodviewofthetownfromthetopofthehill.4eq\a\vs4\al(graduate)(1)n.高校畢業(yè)生Hissisterisahistorygraduate.他姐姐是一位歷史專業(yè)的高校畢業(yè)生。(2)vi.畢業(yè)Aftergraduating,wefinallygotthechancetotakeabiketrip.畢業(yè)后，我們最終有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行自行車旅行了。[歸納拓展](1)graduatefrom從……畢業(yè)graduatein畢業(yè)于……專業(yè)(2)graduationn．畢業(yè)aftergraduationfrom...從……畢業(yè)之后Aftergraduationfromtheuniversity,hewentabroadtowork.高校畢業(yè)后他就去國(guó)外工作了。[即時(shí)鞏固]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theyarethegraduates(graduate)whograduatedfromWuhanUniversityandnowareplayinganimportantpartinourcompany.②DaminggraduatedinphysicsfromCambridgeUniversity.③Aftergraduation(graduate)shereachedapointinhercareerwheresheneededtodecidewhattodo.5eq\a\vs4\al(frightenedadj.恐驚的，膽怯 的)①Iwasfrightenedbytheloudnoise.巨大的噪音把我嚇了一跳。②Thisfrightenedboywhosemotherwaslostinthedisasterislookingforhisfathernow.那個(gè)在災(zāi)難中失去母親、驚恐擔(dān)心的男孩現(xiàn)在正在找尋他的父親。[歸納拓展](1)frightenvt.使驚訝，驚嚇frightensb./sth.away把……嚇跑frightensb.into/outof(doing)sth.恐嚇某人做/不做某事Anaggressivebearwillusuallyrushforwardtofrightenawayitsenemybutwouldsuddenlystopatthelastminute.一只富于攻擊性的熊通常會(huì)向前沖來(lái)嚇走敵人，但在最終一刻會(huì)突然停止。(2)frighteningadj.令人恐驚的，令人膽怯 的Whenyoustandatanaltitudetoseethefrighteningrapidsandwaterfall,youwillfeelmuchfrightened.當(dāng)你站在高處看到可怕的急流和瀑布時(shí)，你會(huì)感到特別膽怯 。[誤區(qū)警示](1)frightening指事物本身具有使人膽怯 的性質(zhì)，意為“令人膽怯 的”。(2)frightened表示主語(yǔ)的感覺，多指人“感到膽怯 的，受恐嚇的”。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用于修飾人的聲音、表情等，如afrightenedgirl一個(gè)受驚嚇的女孩，frightenedlook/expression膽怯 的表情。(3)很多表達(dá)情感的動(dòng)詞具有兩種形容詞形式：一是-ing形容詞，二是-ed形容詞。如：shock—shocking—shocked；surprise—surprising—surprised；move—moving—moved等。[巧學(xué)助記]Thehugebirdfrightenedthelittlecatonpurpose.Thefrighteningthreatmadethecatfrightened.這只巨鳥有意恐嚇小貓。小貓被這種令它恐驚的威逼嚇壞了。[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①M(fèi)iriamwas_too_frightened_totellherfamilywhathadhappened.米麗婭姆太膽怯 了，她不敢告知家人所發(fā)生的事情。②Itwas_a_very_frightening_experiencebuttheywereverycourageous.那是一段特別令人恐驚的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但他們表現(xiàn)得卻很英勇。單句語(yǔ)法填空③Hearingthefrightening(frighten)story,thelittleboyhadafrightened(frighten)expressiononhisface.解析：句意：聽到這個(gè)令人恐驚的故事，這個(gè)小男孩臉上露出膽怯 的表情。frightening令人恐驚的；frightened受驚的，膽怯 的。6eq\a\vs4\al(figure)(1)n.畫像，身材，數(shù)字①Thecentralfigureinthepaintingistheartist'sdaughter.那幅畫中間的人物是這位藝術(shù)家的女兒。②Sheisdietingtokeepherfigurealthoughsheisslim.盡管她已經(jīng)很苗條了，可她還在節(jié)食以保持身材。③By1998thisfigurehadrisento14million.到1998年為止，這一數(shù)字已高達(dá)1400萬(wàn)。(2)v.認(rèn)為，以為，估計(jì)，計(jì)算①Howdoyoufigurehecanlivewithoutme?你怎么會(huì)認(rèn)為他沒有了我還能活？②Ifigured(that)youwouldarrivebeforenoon.我估計(jì)你會(huì)在中午前到達(dá)。[歸納拓展]figurethat...估計(jì)……，料想……figuresth.in把……計(jì)算在內(nèi)figureout理解，弄明白，計(jì)算出①Haveyoufiguredinthecostoffoodforourholiday?你把咱們度假的食物費(fèi)用計(jì)算進(jìn)去了嗎？②Ican'tfigureoutwhyhequithisjob.我不明白他為什么辭掉工作。[巧學(xué)助記][即時(shí)鞏固]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thedevice(設(shè)備)alsokeepsarecordofwhatyoubuy.Whenyou'vefinished，thedevicefiguresoutyourbill.解析：句意：這個(gè)設(shè)備也對(duì)你買的東西做記錄。你買完后，設(shè)備就會(huì)計(jì)算你的賬單。考查固定短語(yǔ)。figureout計(jì)算，符合句意。②Lookatthisyear'ssalesfigures(figure)againstlastyear's；they'resomuchbetter.解析：句意：和去年的銷售數(shù)字對(duì)比來(lái)看，今年的好了很多。本題考查名詞。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處為銷售數(shù)字。故用figures。7eq\a\vs4\al(selectvt.選擇；選擇)①Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow-browncolourlikehoney.選出來(lái)的琥珀色調(diào)明麗，呈現(xiàn)蜂蜜一樣的黃褐色。②Inordertorelaxthemselves，theyhavedecidedtoselectagoodplaceforfun.為了放松自己，他們已確定選擇一個(gè)好地方去好好玩一玩。[歸納拓展]select...for...為……選擇……selectsb./sth.as/tobe...選擇/選擇……當(dāng)/作為……select...todo...選擇/選擇……做……select...from...從……中選擇……①Canyouselectapersonas/tobeacandidatetoequaltheengineerinability?你能選擇一個(gè)與這位工程師實(shí)力相當(dāng)?shù)暮蜻x人嗎？②Theprojectselectedandtrained100localwomenassubstitutemotherstotakecareofleft-behindchildren.這項(xiàng)工程選擇并培訓(xùn)了100名當(dāng)?shù)氐膵D女作為替代媽媽來(lái)照看留守兒童。[易混辨析]select強(qiáng)調(diào)在廣泛的范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行“精選或淘汰”，側(cè)重以客觀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行選擇choose一般用詞，側(cè)重依據(jù)個(gè)人意愿和推斷，從眾多的對(duì)象中進(jìn)行選擇，著重被選者的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，常與from或between連用elect指依據(jù)確定的規(guī)章或法律，用投票等方式進(jìn)行仔細(xì)慎重的選擇，常譯為“選舉”[巧學(xué)助記]不一樣的“選擇”MotherspentalongtimeinselectingafewhatsforMary，outofwhichMarychosetheoneshelikedbest.母親花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間給瑪麗選擇了幾頂帽子，瑪麗從中選了一頂她最喜愛的。[即時(shí)鞏固]用select，choose或elect的適當(dāng)形式填空①ObamawaselectedAmericanpresidentagainin2012.②Therearefivepairsofshoestochoosefrom.③Hespentseveralhoursontaobaosearchingandselecting.8eq\a\vs4\al(improvev.改進(jìn)，改善)Hisqualityoflifehasimprovedgreatlyaftertheoperation.手術(shù)后他的生活質(zhì)量大大改善了。[歸納拓展](1)improveon/uponsth.改進(jìn)，做出比……更好的成果improveoneself自我完善improveone'slook美容(2)improvementn．改善，改進(jìn)We'vecertainlyimprovedonlastyear'sfigures.我們的業(yè)績(jī)的確超過(guò)了去年的數(shù)字。[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①Heimprovedtheirhouse.他修繕了他們的房子。②Iwasabletoimprove_onhiswork.我有實(shí)力提高他的工作。單句語(yǔ)法填空③Thesystemweintroducedin1980hasbeenagreatimprovement(improve)．9eq\a\vs4\al(exchangevt.&n.交換；互換)①(全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Soinformationwasexchanged,butitwasn'tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.因此交換了信息，但這不是一個(gè)真實(shí)的、有意的來(lái)回。②Iexchangedthebookforavideo.我用書換了一盤錄像帶。[歸納拓展](1)exchangeviews交換看法exchangeAforB用A交換Bexchangesth.withsb.和某人交換某物(2)inexchangefor以……交換……inexchange作為交換①Attheendofthegameplayerstraditionallyexchangeshirtswitheachother.依據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，競(jìng)賽結(jié)束時(shí)兩隊(duì)球員互換球衣。②Itookhiswatchinexchangeformycamera.我拿了他的手表?yè)Q我的相機(jī)。③Shepaintedmeapicture.Inexchange,Iwroteherapoem.她畫了一幅畫給我，我作了一首詩(shī)給她作為交換。[即時(shí)鞏固]用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空①IgaveMaryanappleinexchangeformyfavoritebanana.②Iexchangedseatswithmydeskmate.③I'lltypeyourreportifyou'llbabysitformeinexchange.④Iofferedtopaintherhouseinexchangeforaweek'sstayatherhouse.1eq\a\vs4\al(dealwith)(1)解決；處理；應(yīng)付①Haveyoudealtwiththeselettersyet?你處理這些信件了嗎？②He'sgoodatdealingwithpressure.他擅長(zhǎng)應(yīng)對(duì)壓力。(2)涉及；論及；關(guān)于①ThisnewbookdealswithWestAfrica.這是關(guān)于西非的一本新書。②Herpoemsoftendealwiththesubjectoflove.她的詩(shī)通常是關(guān)于愛情這一主題的。[名師點(diǎn)撥]dealwith的易考點(diǎn)(1)dealwith意為“處理，對(duì)待”時(shí)，與dowith同義。(2)dealwith中的deal為不及物動(dòng)詞，常與疑問詞how連用；而dowith中的do為及物動(dòng)詞，常與疑問詞what連用。①Iwonderwhattheywilldowiththeusedcar.我想知道他們會(huì)如何處理這輛舊車。②Childrenmustlearnhowtodealwithallthesituationsintheirlife.孩子們必需學(xué)會(huì)如何應(yīng)對(duì)生活中的全部狀況。[即時(shí)鞏固]寫出下列句中dealwith的含義①Theyhavelearnedtodealwithallsortsofpeople.(應(yīng)對(duì))②Thebookdealswithhowtodealwithsuchmatters.(關(guān)于；處理)③Dealwithamanashedealswithyou.(應(yīng)付；應(yīng)付)2eq\a\vs4\al(forsure確定地，確定地)①Idon'tknowforsurethathewasdead.我的確不知道他已經(jīng)去世了。②Shewon'tlendyouanymoney,andthat'sforsure.她不會(huì)借給你錢，那是確定地。[歸納拓展]besuretodosth.確定要做某事，務(wù)必要做某事besureof(doing)sth.確定會(huì)(做)某事；某事確定會(huì)發(fā)生①Besuretogiveyourfamilymyregards.務(wù)必代我向你的家人問好。②Youcanbesureofonething—there'llbealotoflaughs.有一點(diǎn)可以確定——將會(huì)笑聲不斷。提示：[譯]他確定會(huì)來(lái)幫助你的。[誤]Itissurethathewillcometoyourhelp.[正]Itiscertainthathewillcometoyourhelp.[正]Iamsure/certainthathewillcometoyourhelp.留意：(1)tobesure作插入語(yǔ)，意為“的確；誠(chéng)然”。She'snotpretty,tobesure,butsheisclever.她的確不美麗，但是她很聰慧。(2)makesure意為“確定，確?！薄＂貶ewoulddoanythinghecouldtomakesureofherhappiness.他情愿做他能做的任何事來(lái)確保她華蜜。②Makesure(that)youpickmeupatfive.你確定要在5點(diǎn)鐘來(lái)接我。[即時(shí)鞏固]句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Itiscertainthatwewillmakeprogressinourstudy.＝Wearesure_to_make_progressinourstudy.②Whenyougoout,makesureyouhavetakenthekey.＝Whenyougoout,besureto_takethekey.③I'msurethathewillsucceed.＝I'msureof/abouthissuccess.3eq\a\vs4\al(attheendof在……的末尾)①Attheendofthemeetingthespeakersaidgoodbyetothepeople.會(huì)議結(jié)束時(shí)，演講者向人們道別。②Youwillseethesignofthepostofficeattheendoftheroad.在路的終點(diǎn)，你會(huì)望見郵局的標(biāo)牌。[歸納拓展]bring...toanend使……終止cometoanend完畢；結(jié)束intheend最終；終止endin以……結(jié)束putanendto＝put/bring...toanend終結(jié)bytheendof到……為止makebothendsmeet使收支相抵；量入為出[名師點(diǎn)撥](1)attheend后面可接也可不接of；intheend后面不接of；bytheend后須要接of，而且常與完成時(shí)連用。(2)bytheendof并不確定必需與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用，它既可與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用，也可與一般時(shí)態(tài)連用；但是attheendof確定與一般時(shí)態(tài)連用。[即時(shí)鞏固]單句語(yǔ)法填空IamgoingtotakeatriptoEuropeattheendofthismonth.解析：句意：這個(gè)月底我準(zhǔn)備去歐洲旅行一次。attheendof“在……結(jié)束的時(shí)候”，為固定搭配。4eq\a\vs4\al(referto涉及；提到，談到；指的是；查閱，參考)①IwasnotreferringtoherwhenIsaidso.當(dāng)我這么說(shuō)時(shí)，我并不是指她。②Don'trefertothismatteragain,please.請(qǐng)不要再提這件事了。③Refertothedictionarywhenyoudon'tknowhowtospellaword.當(dāng)你不知道怎么拼法一個(gè)單詞時(shí)，查閱一下詞典。[歸納拓展]refer...to...把……托付給……referto...as將……稱為……Mydoctorreferredmetoaspecialist.我的醫(yī)生讓我去找一位專家診治。[名師點(diǎn)撥](1)在referto中，to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞形式。(2)refer的過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都先雙寫“r”，再加“-ed”或“-ing”。類似的詞還有prefer,occur等。[易混辨析]referto“查閱”，后接詞典、參考書等lookup“查閱”，后接要查閱的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容[巧學(xué)助記]Ididn'tunderstandtheword,soIreferredtomydictionary.Unluckily,Icouldn'tlookupthewordinthisdictionary.我不相識(shí)這個(gè)單詞，所以我就去查我的詞典。但不幸的是，我沒有在這本詞典中查到這個(gè)單詞。[即時(shí)鞏固]用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空Whenyoumeetsometroubleabouthowtousethenewmachine,youcanrefertotheinstructions.解析：句意：當(dāng)你在關(guān)于如何運(yùn)用這臺(tái)新機(jī)器方面遇到困難時(shí)，你可以參考說(shuō)明書。referto“參考”，符合題意。5eq\a\vs4\al(lookforwardto期盼，期盼；盼望)①Wearelookingforwardtoreceivingyoure-mails.我們盼望著收到你的電子郵件。②Ilookforwardtoyourvisitnextweek.我期盼著你下周來(lái)訪。留意：以上例句中forward為副詞，表示“向前”；to為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。Helookedforwardtoseewhatwasgoingon.他向前看，想看看發(fā)生了什么事。提示：此句中forward照舊是副詞，但to此處為不定式符號(hào)表目的，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。[巧學(xué)助記][即時(shí)鞏固]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Welookforwardtohearing(hear)fromyousoon.②Themomentwewerelookingforwardtoarrived(arrive)atlast.eq\o(\s\up7(1),\s\do5())Ifeelasifhighschoolwasonlyyesterday！我覺得中學(xué)似乎就在昨天。[句式分析](1)asif＝asthough“似乎，似乎”，可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)當(dāng)說(shuō)話者認(rèn)為句子所述的是真實(shí)的、極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實(shí)時(shí)，asif從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。例如：Itlooksasifitisgoingtosnow.看來(lái)要下雪。(3)當(dāng)說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是不真實(shí)的、極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的狀況時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過(guò)去時(shí)(be動(dòng)詞用were)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反過(guò)去完成時(shí)(haddone)與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反would/could/might＋do①Thewomanlovesthechildrenasifsheweretheirmother.這位女士愛這些孩子，似乎她就是他們的媽媽一樣。(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)②HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore.他說(shuō)起羅馬來(lái)似乎他以前去過(guò)那里似的。(與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反)③Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.他張開嘴似乎要說(shuō)什么。(與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反)[即時(shí)鞏固]單句語(yǔ)法填空①(北京高考改編)Don'thandlethevaseasifitwere(be)madeofsteel.解析：考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：不要把那個(gè)花瓶當(dāng)成是鋼鐵做的那樣處理。asif引導(dǎo)的是狀語(yǔ)從句，從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，常用were代替was。②(重慶高考改編)ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhad_done(do)it?eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())Youmusthavehadsomemomentswhenyouweredisappointed.你確定有過(guò)悲觀的時(shí)候。[句式分析]musthavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的確定推想。主句→Youmusthavehadsomemomentswhenyouweredisappointed.↑when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。①M(fèi)aryisn'tinnow；shemusthavegonetoherhometown.瑪麗現(xiàn)在不在家；她確定回老家了。②Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨夜確定下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦摹＂跧stillrememberthedaywhenIfirstmetJennifer.我仍舊記得第一次見到詹妮弗的那一天。④IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhenIlivedwithher.我將恒久不會(huì)遺忘我跟她一起生活的那些歲月。[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①Somethingmust_have_happened_to_themiftheydidn'tarriveastheyusuallydid.假如他們沒有像平常一樣到達(dá)，那他們確定是發(fā)生了什么事情。②(全國(guó)卷Ⅲ改編)Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmust_have_been_fairly_unpleasantforthepassengers，withallthesmokeandnoise.蒸汽機(jī)被用來(lái)拉車廂，它產(chǎn)生的煙霧和噪音，確定讓乘客很不舒適。單句語(yǔ)法填空③ItmusthavebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.解析：句意：確定是湯姆把車停在這兒的，因?yàn)樗俏ㄒ挥熊嚨娜?。musthavedone確定做了某事。④Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingsaredoneoncomputer.解析：分析句子可知本句是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是age，從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以用when來(lái)引導(dǎo)。eq\o(\s\up7(3),\s\do5())Ifso，howdidyoudealwiththem？假如這樣，你如何處理他們？[句式分析](1)此句用了省略結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)Ifso為ifitisso省略句式，if為連詞，so指代上文的內(nèi)容，意為“假如是這樣的話”。①Doyouwanttojoininthesummercamp？Ifso，pleasesignyournamehere.你想?yún)⑴c夏令營(yíng)嗎？假如想的話，請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@里簽名吧。②Haveyoueverworkedabroadbefore?Ifso,where?您以前是否去國(guó)外工作過(guò)？假如有，在什么地方？[歸納拓展]if構(gòu)成的其他省略形式：ifany假如有的話ifpossible假如可能的話ifnecessary假如必要的話ifever假如曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的話ifnot假如不的話①Therearefew,ifany,mistakesinthebook.那本書里即使有錯(cuò)誤，也不多。②Ifnecessary,I'llturntoyouforhelp.假如須要，我將向你求助。③Sheseldom,ifever,goestothecinema.她難得看電影。④(全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.假如你實(shí)行的這些步驟有效的話，接著堅(jiān)持下去。假如無(wú)效，看一下其他你可以嘗試的方法。[即時(shí)鞏固]完成句子①HaveyouevertravelledtoShanghai？If_so，whatimpressedyoumostthere？If_not,_whenwillyouwanttoadmireit?你去過(guò)上海嗎？假如去過(guò)，什么給你留下了深刻的印象？假如沒有去過(guò)，那么你何時(shí)想去觀賞它呢？翻譯句子②你已完成工作了嗎？假如已完成，下一步你要做什么？假如沒完成，你怎么才能按時(shí)完成它？Have_you_finished_your_work?_If_so,_what_will_you_do_next？If_not,_how_can_you_finish_it_on_time?單句語(yǔ)法填空③Itsoundslikesomethingiswrongwiththecar'sengine.Ifso,we'dbettertakeittothegarageimmediately.解析：句意：聽起來(lái)似乎是汽車的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)出問題了。假如是這樣的話，我們最好立即把車送到修理廠去。ifso相當(dāng)于ifitisso，意為“假如這樣的話”，其中so指代前句內(nèi)容，符合句意。④Theclimatehereisquitepleasant，thetemperaturerarely,ifever,reaching30℃insummer.解析：考查if從句的省略。ifever要是有的話(頻率)；依據(jù)形容詞pleasant“令人愉悅的”及副詞rarely“很少”可知，氣溫達(dá)到30度只是間或才會(huì)出現(xiàn)的狀況。句意：這兒的氣候是相當(dāng)舒適的，要是曾經(jīng)有氣溫達(dá)到30度的話，也很少。eq\o(\s\up7(4),\s\do5())SoinphysicsclassonMonday，Ididthesame，buttheteacherspokesofastthatIcouldn'ttakeeverythingdown.因此在星期一的物理課上，我又去記筆記，但是老師說(shuō)得太快我根本不能都登記來(lái)。[句式分析]句中so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。①HewalkedsofastthatIcouldn'tfollowhim.他走得太快，我都跟不上了。②ItissogoodafilmthatIliketoseeitasecondtime.這部電影如此好，以至于我想再看一遍。[名師點(diǎn)撥]詳析so...that與such...that(1)so...that中的so后面跟形容詞或副詞；such...that中的such后面接名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ))。(2)當(dāng)that前的名詞有表示數(shù)量多少的詞many，much，few，little等修飾時(shí)，只能用so...that。(3)當(dāng)that前是單數(shù)