Unit5LanguagesaroundtheworldDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件-高一英語人教版

AttributiveClauseUnit5Languagesaroundtheworld0102030405關(guān)系副詞與that,which的區(qū)分06contentsLead-in定語從句關(guān)系副詞的使用介詞的確定關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選用PART.01Lead-inLead-inReview:Whatisarestrictiveclausestructure在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一_____或_____的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫_______,定語從句一般放在先行詞的_____,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫做_______。名詞代詞先行詞后面關(guān)系詞先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語從句

關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞（which,who,whom/that/whose…）（where,when,why）PART.02定語從句

定語從句：

在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞，在句子中起定語作用的從句Bobbyisaboywhoisveryfat..先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句先行詞:被修飾的名詞或代詞關(guān)系詞：1.連接從句；2.替代先行詞；3.在從句中充當(dāng)成分Review

關(guān)系代詞指人指物作主語作賓語作定語that√√√√which√√√who√√√whom√√whose√√√PART.03關(guān)系副詞的使用關(guān)系副詞先行詞功能when先行詞通常為表示時(shí)間的名詞，如time、day、occasion等。作時(shí)間狀語where先行詞通常為表示具體或抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞，如place、position、situation、point等。作地點(diǎn)狀語why先行詞通常為reason(s)。作原因狀語關(guān)系副詞當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作狀語時(shí)，通常要用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。

一、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句1.

when的引導(dǎo)定語從句when表示時(shí)間，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，其先行詞往往是表示時(shí)間的名詞，如time,

day,

hour,

year等。We

will

never

forget

the

day

when

we

paid

a

visit

to

Beijing.我們永遠(yuǎn)忘不了參觀北京的那一天。Itwastheyear

whentheWorldWarIbrokeout.第一次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)的那一年。=介詞(at,in,on,during等)+which=onwhich=inwhich【誤區(qū)警示】當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間名詞時(shí)，定語從句看關(guān)系詞在句中的成分確定，如作狀語，則用when引導(dǎo)；如關(guān)系詞作主語或賓語，則用that或which引導(dǎo)。e.g.Doyourememberthedayswhenwechattedwitheachotherallnight你還記得我們徹夜聊天的那些日子嗎？

Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetheronthefarm你還記得我們在農(nóng)場一起度過的那些日子嗎？狀語賓語總結(jié)：當(dāng)先行詞指______，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，定語從句用when引導(dǎo)。時(shí)間2.

where的引導(dǎo)定語從句where表示地點(diǎn)，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，其先行詞往往是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，如place,

factory,

house,

village等。Iwanttoknowtheplace

whereIwasborn.我想了解我出生的地方。Thetable

wheresheissittingisanewone.她坐的那張桌子是新的。=介詞(in,at等)+which=inwhich=atwhich【誤區(qū)警示】①當(dāng)先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞在定語從句作主語或賓語，則用that或which引導(dǎo)。e.g.This

is

the

house

which

/that

was

built

by

my

grandfather

forty

years

ago.

這是我爺爺40年前建造的房子。②

當(dāng)position,

point,

case,

stage,

situation,

atmosphere等表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞充當(dāng)先行詞時(shí)，若從句中缺少狀語，則用where來引導(dǎo)定語從句。It’s

helpful

to

put

children

in

a

situation

where

they

can

see

themselves

differently.把孩子們放到一個(gè)能夠讓他們從不同角度看待自己的環(huán)境中，這對他們有幫助。主語狀語總結(jié)：當(dāng)先行詞指______，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，定語從句用where引導(dǎo)。地點(diǎn)3.

why的引導(dǎo)定語從句why表示原因，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作原因狀語，其先行詞往往是表示理由的名詞reason。I

don’t

know

the

reason

why

he

didn’t

turn

to

his

good

friend

for

help

yesterday.我不知道昨天他為什么沒向他的好朋友求助。Iknowthereason

whyhesaidit.我知道他說這個(gè)的原因。=for+which=forwhich=forwhich【誤區(qū)警示】若先行詞reason的關(guān)系詞在定語從句中不作狀語，而是充當(dāng)主語或賓語，則用that或which引導(dǎo)定語從句。I

won’t

listen

to

the

reason

that

/which

you

have

given

us.我不會聽你提供給我們的那個(gè)理由。賓語總結(jié)：當(dāng)先行詞指原因，一般是______,且關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，定語從句用why引導(dǎo)。reason關(guān)系副詞先行詞在從句中作成分相當(dāng)于wherewhenwhy地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間狀語reason原因狀語in,at等介詞+whichat,in,on,during等介詞+whichfor+which【即學(xué)即練】用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空。Wewillneverforgettheyear_______the29thOlympicGameswereheldinBeijing.Canyouexplainthereason_______youdon’thelphimWevisitedthecarfactory_________myuncleonceworkedthreeyearsago.Thereason_______Idon’ttrusthimisthatheoftentellslies.whenwhywherewhyPART.04介詞的確定介詞選擇的三個(gè)原則“一先”，即根據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配或意義來確定介詞?！岸?dòng)”，即根據(jù)定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配來確定介詞?！叭饬x”，即根據(jù)定語從句所表達(dá)的意義來確定介詞。技巧點(diǎn)撥:介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),如先行詞是人,關(guān)系代詞只能為whom.如先行詞是物,關(guān)系代詞只能為which.根據(jù)先行詞的搭配關(guān)系：1)Istillremembertheday______________ImetTFboys.

2)Iwillneverforgetthefarm_____________Iworkedwithyou.Iwillneverforgetthefarm.Iworkedwithyouonthefarm.3)Themoney______________youweretobuyfoodisgone.

Themoney

isgone.

Youweretobuyfoodwithmoney.介詞的確定(ontheday在那天)onwhichIstillremembertheday.ImetTFboysontheday.(onthefarm在農(nóng)場)onwhich(withthemoney用錢)withwhich介詞的確定②根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞或形容詞的搭配習(xí)慣Doyoulikethebook______________shespent$10

2)Doyoulikethebook______________shepaid$103)TheWestLake,______________Hangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.spendonsthonwhichpayforforwhichfamousforforwhich介詞的確定③根據(jù)句子的意思來確定Air,_________whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.空氣非常重要，沒有了它人類便不能生存。

2)Thisistheman_______whommybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.

這就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那個(gè)人。withoutwith即學(xué)即練用介詞＋關(guān)系代詞填空。1.Whoistheperson______________youjustshookhands2.Chinaisapowerfulcountry,______________weareproud.3.Thisisthetree______________weusedtoplaygames.4.Thisismyglasses,______________Ican’tseeclearly.5.Doyouremembertheday______________youjoinedourclubwithwhomofwhichunderwhichwithoutwhichonwhichⅡ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞完成下面短文(每空一詞)。Mybestfriend,Annie,livesinatowninFrance1.__________sceneryisverybeautiful.Shehasabigapartment2._________overlooksariver.Theschool3.________sheworksisveryclosetoherapartment.AnniestudiedFrenchatuniversityandthisisthereason4.________shedecidedtosettledowninFrance.Lastsummersheinvitedmetostaywithher.Istillremembertheday5._______Iarrivedatthetown.Iwastotallyamazedbyitsbeauty.Oneday,ImetoneofAnnie’sstudents6.___________iscalledSophie.Shesaidshehopedtostudyinacountry7.________shecouldcommunicatewithmorenativeEnglishspeakers.Wewenttoanearbybeach8.__________therewasamusicfestival.Wehadgreatfun.Thejourneywasreallywonderful.whosewhich/thatwherewhywhenwho/thatwherewhere【即時(shí)演練2】用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系副詞填空①I’llneverforgettheday?IreceivedtheadmissionletterfromZhejiangUniversity?、赥hereason

?hewaslatewasthathegotstuckinthetraffic.③Keepthebookinaplace

?

youcanfinditeasily.when

why

where

④Thisisthefactory_____________heworks.⑤Istillremembertheday_____________Imether.

⑥Idon’tknowthereason_____________hewaslate.

where(inwhich)when(onwhich)why(forwhich)1.Someofourmemoriesarefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyears_______ourchildrenwerelittle.[2022年·全國Ⅰ卷·]when2.Thedownturnhittherealestate(房地產(chǎn)）firm_______shehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.[2022年浙江卷]3.AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands________artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.[2021·天津卷]4.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis

extremelychallenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot_______

itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.[2020·全國卷I]wherewherewhere高考鏈接

用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空。TaiDongisasmallcityinsoutheastTaiwan________Igrewup.MyfamilymovedtherefromTaipeithesummer________Iwasborn.Thehousein________IgrewupisonamainstreetinTaiDong.Myfathersoldtea,andmymotherhadasmallrestaurantacrossfromourhouse.Acousinofmine________familyIvisitedeverysummerlivedwithus.Hewasanapprentice(學(xué)徒)______________myfatherwasteachingtheteabusinessto.Onthefirstfloorofourhousewehadahugekitchen________weallgatheredfordinner.Thebedroomswereupstairs.Mybrotherandmycousinsleptinonebedroom.Isleptinanother_________IsharedwithPolly,thesmartestbird______Ihadeverseen.wherewhen

which

whose

whom/who/thatwherewhich/thatthatPART.05關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選用Attention用關(guān)系副詞or關(guān)系代詞Thisisthereason_____________Ididn'tcome.why/forwhich指時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因的先行詞在定語從句中作狀語時(shí)，用關(guān)系副詞where/when/why等引導(dǎo)。Thereason___________shegavewasnottrue.which/that指時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因的先行詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語時(shí)，用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。判斷依據(jù)：先行詞在從句中作什么成分①從句缺少主、賓、定②從句缺狀語關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞1.Thisistheplace_______heworks.Thisistheplace___________wevisitedlastyear.2.Thatwasthetime______hearrived.Doyoustillrememberthetime_________wespenttogether3.Thisisthereason____________hewent.Thereason___________hegaveuswasquitereasonable.where

which/that

whenthat/whichwhy/forwhichthat/whichpractice【即學(xué)即練】用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空。I

will

never

forget

the

happy

days

________

I

called

on

my

grandparents.

I

will

never

forget

the

happy

days

______________

I

spent

in

the

countryside.

I

don’t

know

the

reason

________

you

are

always

late

for

class.

I

don’t

understand

the

reason

______________

you

explained

at

the

meeting.whenthat

/whichwhythat

/whichpractice高考真題1.Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from______

studentscanchooseforfree.（2020江蘇卷）2.Wehaveenteredintoanage________dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.（2019江蘇卷）3.Theirchildisatthestage_________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.（2019江蘇卷）whichwhenwherePART.06關(guān)系副詞與that,which的區(qū)分when,where,why

與that,which的區(qū)分Thisistheplace_____________wevisitedlasttime.Thisistheplace_____________wevisitedtheequipment(設(shè)備)lasttime.(())that/whichwhereIstillrememberthetime__________wespendtogether.Istillrememberthetime__________wefirstmeteachother.((that/whichwhen))Thisisthereason__________shegaveme.Thisisthereason__________shecried.(that/which)(why)關(guān)系代詞(做句子成分：主，賓，定)關(guān)系副詞（只充當(dāng)狀語，句子本身完整，不缺成分）基礎(chǔ)題型練

用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空。1.

Wehaveenteredintoanage

?almosteverythingcanbedone

ontheInternet.2.

Nobodyknowsthereason