山東省師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2025屆高三英語打靶題含解析

PAGEPAGE25山東省師范高校附屬中學(xué)2025屆高三英語打靶題（含解析）留意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThefollowingpropertieswhichtheWorldHeritageCommittee（世界遺產(chǎn)委員會(huì)）hasdecidedtoincludeontheListofWorldHeritageareunderthreat.CulturalLandscapeandArchaeologicalRemainsoftheBamiyanValley（Afghanistan）TheculturallandscapeandarchaeologicalremainsoftheBamiyanValleystandfortheartisticandreligiousdevelopmentswhichfromthe1sttothe13thcenturiescharacterizedancientBakhtria.TheareacontainsanumberofBuddhistmonasticensembles,aswellasstrongbuildingsfromtheIslamicperiod.HistoricCentreofVienna（Austria）ViennadevelopedfromearlyCelticandRomansettlementsintoaMedievalandBaroquecity,thecapitaloftheAustro-HungarianEmpire.ItplayedanimportantroleasaleadingEuropeanmusiccentre,fromthegreatageofVienneseClassicismthroughtheearlypartofthe20thcentury.ThehistoriccentreofViennaisrichinarchitecturalbuildings,includingBaroquecastlesandgardens,aswellasthelate-19th-centuryRingstrasselinedwithgrandbuildings,monumentsandparks.OkapiWildlifeReserve（DemocraticRepublicoftheCongo）TheOkapiWildlifeReserveoccupiesaboutone-fifthoftheIturiforestinthenorth-eastoftheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo.TheCongoriverbasin,ofwhichthereserveandforestareapart,isoneofthelargestdrainagesystemsinAfrica.Thereservecontainsthreatenedspeciesofprimatesandbirdssurvivinginthewild.Italsohassomeamazingscenery,includingwaterfallsontheIturiandEpulurivers.ThereserveisinhabitedbytraditionalnomadicpygmyMbutiandEfehunters.1.WhichofthefollowingheritagesitesislocatedinAsia?A.OkapiWildlifeReserveB.HistoricCentreofVienna.C.TheAustro-HungarianEmpire.D.CulturalLandscapeandArchaeologicalRemainsoftheBamiyanValley.2.WhomaygetinterestedinHistoricCentreofVienna?A.Musiccomposers.B.Birdsresearchers.C.Modembuildinglovers.D.NaturalSceneryPhotographer.3.Whatdothethreeworldheritagesiteshaveincommon?A.Theyareallindanger.B.Theyareclosedtothepublic.C.Theyfeaturelotsofancientbuildings.D.TheyaretoberemovedfromtheWorldHeritageList.【答案】1.D2.A3.A【解析】本文為應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了三個(gè)處于危急之中的世界遺產(chǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一個(gè)小標(biāo)題里的Afghanistan(阿富汗)可知，CulturalLandscapeandArchaeologicalRemainsoftheBamiyanValley是位于阿富汗的世界遺產(chǎn)，依據(jù)常識(shí)可知，阿富汗是亞洲國家。我們也可以用解除法A項(xiàng)OkapiWildlifeReserve，原文中TheCongoriverbasin,ofwhichthereserveandforestareapart,isoneofthelargestdrainagesystemsinAfrica.我們可知是位于非洲，可以解除。B項(xiàng)通過ItplayedanimportantroleasaleadingEuropeanmusiccentre可知是在歐洲，可以解除。C項(xiàng)ViennadevelopedfromearlyCelticandRomansettlementsintoaMedievalandBaroquecity,thecapitaloftheAustro-HungarianEmpire我們也可以推斷出是在歐洲，可以解除。故此題選D。【2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次個(gè)小標(biāo)題下ItplayedanimportantroleasaleadingEuropeanmusiccentre(作為歐洲領(lǐng)先的音樂中心，維也納發(fā)揮了重要作用)我們可以推斷出維也納在歐洲音樂史上特別重要，所以對(duì)于寵愛音樂的人來說會(huì)特別有吸引力。那么A項(xiàng)Musiccomposers(音樂作曲家)滿意這一推斷。故此題選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一自然段ThefollowingpropertieswhichtheWorldHeritageCommitteehasdecidedtoincludeontheListofWorldHeritageareunderthreat.(世界遺產(chǎn)委員會(huì)確定將其列入世界遺產(chǎn)名單的下列遺產(chǎn)正處于威逼之中)可知，本文所介紹的三個(gè)世界遺產(chǎn)都處于危急當(dāng)中。那么A項(xiàng)Theyareallindanger.(他們都處于危急中)滿意推斷。故此題選A。BThe"cloudwar"istakingplaceasthedisputebetweentheUnitedStatesandChinaaboutdatahackingandcomputernetworksecuritygrowsstronger.ChinesecompaniessuchasAlibaba,BaiduandHuaweiareexpandingwithintheircountryandgainingcustomersinothercountries.Theyarecreatingdatacentersinmultiplecountriesandtryingtoselldatamanagementservicesthroughouttheworld.Theincreasingcompetitionincloudcomputingandstorageincursthenewchallengeandworriessomeexperts.Theyareconcernedaboutthesafetyofdata.Afterall,companiesoftenusethecloudtostoreimportant,confidentialinformationandtooperatesuchactivitiesasdata-drivenmachinery,telecommunications,bankingandtransportsystems—includingplansfordriverlessvehicles.LeeBranstetterisanassociateprofessorofeconomicsattheHeinzSchoolofPolicyandManagementoftheCarnegieMellonUniversity.Hetoldmanymulti-nationalcompanies"haveseriousconcernsabouttheprotectionoftheirintellectualproperty（學(xué)問產(chǎn)權(quán)）."Branstettersaidsomeoftheselargecompaniesalreadybelievetheyhavelostvaluableinformation.SheilaJasanoffisthedirectoroftheprogramonscience,technologyandsocietyatHarvard'sKennedySchool.Shecalledthecloudcomputingindustry"unruly".Inotherwords,theindustryisnotstrictlygoverned."People（inthebusiness）aremakingrulesastheygoalongortakingadvantageofthelackofrules,"Jasanoffsaid.Shesaidcloudcomputingcompaniesarenotclearaboutwhatsecuritymeasurestheyarepromisingcustomers.Sheisworriedthatamajoraccidentmayhappenbeforegovernmentsrealizetheneedforstrongerrulesinthecloudcomputingindustry.Shebelievesthereshouldbeinternationally-acceptedrulestomeetthenewchallenge.Butshedoesnotbelieveaninternationalagreementwillbereachedanytimesoon.4.Whatdoesthe"cloudwar"referto?A.Thewarupinthesky.B.Somekindofcoldwar.C.TheChina-USrelationship.D.Thecompetitiononthe"cloud".5.WhatconcernssomeexpertsaccordingtoParagraph2?AInformationsecurity.B.Warsamongcountries.CThestorageof“cloud”.D.Thelackoftechnology.6.WhichofthefollowingmaybeconsistentwithJasanoff'sopinion?A.Amajoraccidentisboundtotakeplacesoon.B.Anagreementistobereachedinthenearfuture.C.Thecloudindustryneedsguidingandmonitoring.D.Governmentshavekeptaneyeoncloudindustry.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.China'sRiseorNotB.NewWar,NewChallengeC.ChancesonCloudInformationD.GrowthofCloudComputingIndustry【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要通過講解并描述中美之間關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)平安和黑客間的爭端提出了我們?cè)谠朴?jì)算領(lǐng)域面對(duì)的挑戰(zhàn)【4題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)文章第一段asthedisputebetweentheUnitedStatesandChinaaboutdatahackingandcomputernetworksecuritygrowsstronger（隨著美國和中國之間關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)黑客和計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)平安的爭辯越來越激烈）可知，此處的cloudwar是中美之間關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)黑客和計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)平安之間的爭辯，并非真正的斗爭。同時(shí)在文章其次段提到Theincreasingcompetitionincloudcomputingandstorageincursthenewchallengeandworriessomeexperts（云計(jì)算和存儲(chǔ)領(lǐng)域日益激烈的競爭帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn)）可知，中美之間的斗爭是關(guān)于“云計(jì)算和儲(chǔ)存領(lǐng)域”。綜合分析，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段Theincreasingcompetitionincloudcomputingandstorageincursthenewchallengeandworriessomeexperts.Theyareconcernedaboutthesafetyofdata（云計(jì)算和存儲(chǔ)領(lǐng)域的競爭日益激烈，這給一些專家?guī)砹诵碌奶魬?zhàn)。他們擔(dān)憂數(shù)據(jù)的平安）可知，專家們擔(dān)憂的是數(shù)據(jù)平安即信息平安。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段Shecalledthecloudcomputingindustry"unruly".Inotherwords,theindustryisnotstrictlygoverned（她稱云計(jì)算行業(yè)“難以駕馭”。換句話說，這個(gè)行業(yè)沒有得到嚴(yán)格的管理）和文章倒數(shù)最終一段Shebelievesthereshouldbeinternationally-acceptedrulestomeetthenewchallenge（她認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)有國際公認(rèn)的規(guī)則來應(yīng)對(duì)新的挑戰(zhàn)）可知，Jasanoff認(rèn)為云計(jì)算行業(yè)須要得到嚴(yán)格的管理和制定規(guī)則來指導(dǎo)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)作者在文章第一段提到The"cloudwar"istakingplaceasthedisputebetweentheUnitedStatesandChinaaboutdatahackingandcomputernetworksecuritygrowsstronger（“云斗爭”正在發(fā)生之際，美國和中國之間關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)黑客和計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)平安的爭端愈演愈烈）和其次段第一句Theincreasingcompetitionincloudcomputingandstorageincursthenewchallengeandworriessomeexperts（云計(jì)算和存儲(chǔ)領(lǐng)域的競爭日益激烈，這給一些專家?guī)砹诵碌奶魬?zhàn)）可知，中美之間在數(shù)據(jù)黑客和計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)平安日益激烈的爭端給一些專家?guī)砹诵碌奶魬?zhàn)。同時(shí)在依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段Shecalledthecloudcomputingindustry"unruly".Inotherwords,theindustryisnotstrictlygoverned（稱云計(jì)算行業(yè)“難以駕馭”。換句話說，這個(gè)行業(yè)沒有得到嚴(yán)格的管理）和文章倒數(shù)最終一段Shebelievesthereshouldbeinternationally-acceptedrulestomeetthenewchallenge（她認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)有國際公認(rèn)的規(guī)則來應(yīng)對(duì)新的挑戰(zhàn)）可知，云計(jì)算行業(yè)須要制定規(guī)則監(jiān)督和指導(dǎo)。經(jīng)過綜合分析，本篇主要通過講解并描述中美之間的爭端，提出了我們?cè)谠朴?jì)算領(lǐng)域面對(duì)的挑戰(zhàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。CRecentyearshavewitnessedthegrowthofluxury(奢侈品)brands.It'sclearthatanewgenerationofyoung,materialisticpeopleisincreasinglyrelyingonluxurybrandstoimproveitsself-image.Iamafashionistatoo,atleastinspirit—Ilovetolookatclothesandshoes.ButIdon'tunderstandwhypeoplespendlotsofmoneyondesignerlabels.Whenayoungwomanbuysahandbagthatcoststwomonthsofhersalary,that'sascarything.What'sinterestingisthatscientistshavefoundthathavingluxurythingsdoesn'tleadtohappiness.Studyafterstudyhasshownthatalthoughwewantmaterialthings,whenwegetthemwedon'tsuddenlybecome"happy"people.Infact,aseriesofstudieshaveshownthatindividualswhospendmoneyontravelandsimilarexperiencesgetmorepleasurethanthoseonmaterialthings.That'sbecauseexperiencesaremoreeasilyintegratedintoaperson'sidentity.IfItraveltoYunnan,thatadventureaffectshowIthinkinthefuture.Mymemoriesbecomeapartofme.Moreover,asVanBovenhasobserved,youngpeoplewhopursuehappinessthrough“things"arelikedlessbytheirpeers.Peoplepreferthosewhopursuehappinessthroughexperiences.It'snaturaltowanttoexpressyourselfthroughyourappearance.Somyadviceis:createalookthatisn'ttiedtoadesignerlabel.Conveyyourownmessage.TakesomelessonsfromthelateAppleco-founderSteveJobs.HewasalwaysinLevisjeansandablackturtleneck.MarkZuckerberg,founderofFacebook,routinelyappearsinhoodiesandsneakers.Thesepeople,successfulpeople,havestyle.Youdon'thavetobreakthebanktosendamessageaboutwhoyouare.Takeatrip.Gooutintotheworld.Thencomebackandconfidentlycreateyourownsignaturelook.8.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsluxuryconsumption?A.Favorable. B.Negative. C.Positive. D.Unconcerned.9.What'sthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Materialthingscan'tbringaboutjoy. B.Experiencessinkintopersonality.C.It'sbettertoinvestinexperiences. D.Others'preferenceisofimportance.10.WhyareSteveJobsandMarkZuckerbergmentionedinthetext?A.Tohonorthetwosuccesses. B.Toadvocatetheirexperience.C.Tosupporttheauthor'sargument. D.Toinspireyoungpeople'sambition.11.Whatistheunderlinedsentenceintendedtoexpress?A.Domindyourfinancialsecurity. B.Dotrytomakemoremoney.C.Don'trobabankforluxuries. D.Don'tspendmuchonyourimage【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章說明白科學(xué)家發(fā)覺擁有奢侈品并不能帶來華蜜。一項(xiàng)又一項(xiàng)探討表明，盡管我們想要物質(zhì)上的東西，但當(dāng)我們得到它們時(shí)，我們不會(huì)突然變得“歡樂”。事實(shí)上，一系列的探討表明，那些把錢花在旅行和類似經(jīng)驗(yàn)上的人比那些花在物質(zhì)上的人獲得更多的歡樂。作者對(duì)通過外表來表達(dá)自己的人的建議是：創(chuàng)建一個(gè)不受設(shè)計(jì)師標(biāo)簽束縛的外觀?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中ButIdon'tunderstandwhypeoplespendlotsofmoneyondesignerlabels.Whenayoungwomanbuysahandbagthatcoststwomonthsofhersalary,that'sascarything.可知但是我不明白為什么人們會(huì)花許多錢在名牌上。一個(gè)年輕女人花了她兩個(gè)月的工資買了一個(gè)手提包，這是一件可怕的事情。由此可推知，作者不支持奢侈品消費(fèi)。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第四段中Infact,aseriesofstudieshaveshownthatindividualswhospendmoneyontravelandsimilarexperiencesgetmorepleasurethanthoseonmaterialthings.That'sbecauseexperiencesaremoreeasilyintegratedintoaperson'sidentity.IfItraveltoYunnan,thatadventureaffectshowIthinkinthefuture.Mymemoriesbecomeapartofme.Moreover,asVanBovenhasobserved,youngpeoplewhopursuehappinessthrough“things"arelikedlessbytheirpeers.Peoplepreferthosewhopursuehappinessthroughexperiences.可知事實(shí)上，一系列的探討表明，那些把錢花在旅行和類似經(jīng)驗(yàn)上的人比那些花在物質(zhì)上的人獲得更多的歡樂。這是因?yàn)榻?jīng)驗(yàn)更簡潔融入一個(gè)人的身份。假如我去云南旅行，這次冒險(xiǎn)會(huì)影響我對(duì)將來的想法。我的記憶成為我的一部分。此外，正如VanBoven所視察到的，通過“事物”來追求華蜜的年輕人不太受同齡人的寵愛。人們更寵愛那些通過經(jīng)驗(yàn)來追求華蜜的人。由此可知，第四段的主旨是最好是投資閱歷。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段中It'snaturaltowanttoexpressyourselfthroughyourappearance.Somyadviceis:createalookthatisn'ttiedtoadesignerlabel.Conveyyourownmessage.TakesomelessonsfromthelateAppleco-founderSteveJobs.HewasalwaysinLevisjeansandablackturtleneck.MarkZuckerberg,founderofFacebook,routinelyappearsinhoodiesandsneakers.可知想通過外表來表達(dá)自己是很自然的。所以我的建議是:創(chuàng)建一個(gè)不受設(shè)計(jì)師標(biāo)簽束縛的外觀。傳達(dá)你自己的信息。從已故的蘋果聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人SteveJobs身上吸取一些教訓(xùn)吧。他總是穿著李維斯牛仔褲和黑色高領(lǐng)毛衣。Facebook創(chuàng)始人MarkZuckerberg常常穿著帽衫和運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋亮相。由此可推知，文章中提到SteveJobs和MarkZuckerberg是為了支持作者的論點(diǎn)。故選C?！?1題詳解】句意揣測題。依據(jù)其次段中Whenayoungwomanbuysahandbagthatcoststwomonthsofhersalary,that'sascarything.可知一個(gè)年輕女人花了她兩個(gè)月的工資買了一個(gè)手提包，這是一件可怕的事情。以及結(jié)合后文Takeatrip.Gooutintotheworld.Thencomebackandconfidentlycreateyourownsignaturelook.可知去旅行吧。到外面的世界去。然后再回來，自信地打造你自己的標(biāo)記性造型。結(jié)合文章主要內(nèi)容是在強(qiáng)調(diào)不要太在意自己的形象，擁有奢侈品并不能帶來華蜜，強(qiáng)調(diào)要多去經(jīng)驗(yàn)才能獲得更多的歡樂。由此可推知，劃線句子的意思是“不要在你的形象上花費(fèi)太多”。故選D。DMorethan40%oftheinsectsarounduscouldbecomeextinctinnextfewdecades.Simultaneously,thepopulationoftheadaptableandgeneralspecieslikethatofhouseflies,cockroachesandfleasislikelytobloom.Althoughsomespeciesofinsectsarevectors(帶菌者)ofseriousdiseases,orothersdestroycrop,butaworldwithoutinsectsisinconceivable.Theirimportanceininterconnectedecosystemsandfoodchainscanneverbeundermined.Insectshaveessentialrolesinterrestrialandfreshwaterecosystemsasherbivores,carnivoresanddecomposers.Thereare17timesasmanyinsectsashumans,andthesenumbersareessentialforproperfunctioningofallecosystems.Insectsareresponsibleforpollinatingaround75%ofthecropsintheworldandalsoserveasfoodforothercreatures.Theyreplenishsoilsandkeepthenumberofpestsincheck.Theprimarycauseofthisextinctionislossofhabitat.Beitthegrasslandsorwetlands,everythingisvanishinginman'squesttowardsintensiveagricultureandurbanization.Anothercauseofthisdeclineistheexcessiveuseofpesticides,fertilizersandintroducedinvasivespecies.Asifthiswasn'tenough,climatechangeandpollutionofallsortshavealreadystartedworseningtheirlives.Climatechangemayalsocauseemergenceofnewpestsandothervector-borneinsects.ThebiggestthreatofInsectArmageddoncomesfromGermany,where75%ofinsectpopulationhavedeclinedinjust30yearsandfromPuertoRico,wheredueto2degreeriseintemperature,therehasbeen60folddeclineininvertebrate(無脊椎的)populationsincethe1970s.However,thefactthatinsectsgettingextinctisaglobalcrisisisundisputed.Buttheneatthingaboutinsectsis,weallcandoourbittosavethem.Weallcanmaintainpesticide-freekitchengardensandorganicfarms.Wecanplantflowersandtreesandinvitethemtonestagain.Maybethistragedywouldhaveneverariseninthefirstplaceandyouwouldnothavetoreadthisarticle,iftheworldhadstoppedusingallkindsofpesticidesimmediatelyafterRachelCarsonhadpublishedtheSilentSpring.Conservingtheinsectbiodiversityisnotourresponsibility.Itisanecessitybecauseiftheygo,sowillwe.12.Whycan'twestandaworldwithoutinsects?A.Fortheirpartsinglobalecology.B.Fortheirlongerhistorythanhumans'.C.Fortheirshockinglylargepopulation.D.Fortheappearanceofnewinsectspecies.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword'"undisputed"inParagraph7mean?A.Possible. B.DoubtlessC.Exact D.Flexible.14.Whichofthefollowingmaybestexplaintheextinctionofinsectspecies?A.Climatechange.B.Humanactivities.C.Theabuseofchemicals.D.Theagriculture.15.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Callingonustodosomethingtosaveinsects.B.Introducingtheurgentsituationinsectsarefacing.C.Presentinguswaystohandletheglobalcrises.D.Treatingdifferentlybeneficialandharmfulinsects.【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。昆蟲在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和食物鏈中扮演著重要角色，但是超過40%的昆蟲在將來幾十年可能滅亡，文章分析了其緣由并呼吁我們愛護(hù)昆蟲物種?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Theirimportanceininterconnectedecosystemsandfoodchainscanneverbeundermined.(它們?cè)诨ヂ?lián)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和食物鏈中的作用不能被低估。)”可知，昆蟲在全球生態(tài)中扮演重要的角色，所以我們無法承受一個(gè)沒有昆蟲的世界。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第七段其次句“但是關(guān)于昆蟲的一個(gè)好事是，我們可以盡我們的一點(diǎn)力氣來挽救它們”，由此可推知前一句“However,thefactthatinsectsgettingextinctisaglobalcrisisisundisputed.”的意思是“然而，昆蟲正在滅亡的事實(shí)是毫無疑問的”，所以“undisputed”的意思是“無疑的，的確的”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段“Theprimarycauseofthisextinctionislossofhabitat.Beitthegrasslandsorwetlands,everythingisvanishinginman'squesttowardsintensiveagricultureandurbanization.(滅亡的首要緣由是棲息地的丟失。無論是草地或濕地，一切都在人類對(duì)集約型農(nóng)業(yè)和城市化的探究中正在消逝。)”可知，昆蟲物種的滅亡是由于人類活動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容并結(jié)合文章最終一句“Conservingtheinsectbiodiversityisnotourresponsibility.Itisanecessitybecauseiftheygo,sowillwe.(愛護(hù)昆蟲生物多樣性不是我們的責(zé)任。它是一件必須要做的事，因?yàn)榧偃缢鼈儾辉诹?，我也?huì)一樣。)”可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是呼吁我們?yōu)橥炀壤ハx盡一點(diǎn)力氣。故選A項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Alittlebatteryputsoutalittlebitofelectricity,soyoucanuseitsafelyforyourexperiments.Buttheelectricitythatcomesthroughthewiresinyourhouseorschoolismuchmorepowerful.___16___.Insidethewallswhereyouliveorstudy,therearebigwiresthatcarryelectricity.Whenyoupluginalightorradioorotherelectricalappliance,youareputtingthelightorradiointhepathwayoftheelectricity.Youhaveheardadultswarn,“___17___，‘Nowdoyouknowwhy?Ifyoudid,youwouldbecomepartoftheelectricalpathway.___18___Theelectricalcurrentcomingthroughthewirestothewallplugissostrongthatitwouldhurtalotifyoustuckyourfingerintheplug.Putyourfingerinthereanditcouldbeyou,ratherthanthelightbulb,thatbecomespartoftheelectricalpathway.Andthatwouldhurt!Whatifyouheldapieceofmetal,likeaforkorknife,andstuckitintothewallplug?Don'tdoit.Why?It'sbecausemetalsalsoconductelectricity.___19___Don'ttouchanyelectricalappliancewhenyouarewet.Canyouthinkwhy?It'sbecausewaterisagoodconductorofelectricity.Whenyourhandsarewetorwhenyourbodyisinabathtubfullofwater,theelectricitycouldflowrightthroughyouandgiveyouanawfulshock,orevenkillyou.Electricityisveryusefulbutitcanbedangerous.___20___Ifso,electricitycanbetterserveyou,insteadofhurtingyou.A.Lifeisprecious!B.Sostayawayfromwires.C.Becareful,besafeandbesmart.D.Andyouwouldgetaterribleshock!E.Don'tstickyourfingerintothewallplug.F.Therefore,keepinmindsomesafetyrules.G.Yourbodyisaprettygoodconductorofelectricity.【答案】16.F17.E18.G19.D20.C【解析】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了電在日常生活中會(huì)對(duì)人造成危害的幾個(gè)狀況及其緣由?！?6題詳解】結(jié)合前文Alittlebatteryputsoutalittlebitofelectricity,soyoucanuseitsafelyforyourexperiments.Buttheelectricitythatcomesthroughthewiresinyourhouseorschoolismuchmorepowerful.一個(gè)小電池會(huì)放出一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)電，所以你可以平安地運(yùn)用它來進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。但是通過家里或?qū)W校里的電線的電可能要強(qiáng)大得多?？芍依锏碾娐愤\(yùn)用須要平安操作。F.Therefore,keepinmindsomesafetyrules.因此，請(qǐng)記住一些平安規(guī)則。符合此處語境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】結(jié)合前文Whenyoupluginalightorradioorotherelectricalappliance,youareputtingthelightorradiointhepathwayoftheelectricity.當(dāng)你插上電燈、收音機(jī)或其他電器時(shí)，就是在把電燈或收音機(jī)插在電路上。及后文Nowdoyouknowwhy?Ifyoudid,youwouldbecomepartoftheelectricalpathway.你知道為什么嗎？假如你這樣做了，你就會(huì)成為電路的一部分?？芍偃绮迦氩遄?，就會(huì)成為電路的一部分。E.Don'tstickyourfingerintothewallplug.別把你的手指伸進(jìn)墻上的插頭。符合此處語境。故選E項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】結(jié)合后文Putyourfingerinthereanditcouldbeyou,ratherthanthelightbulb,thatbecomespartoftheelectricalpathway.把你的手指放在那里，可能是你，而不是燈泡，成為電路的一部分。G.Yourbodyisaprettygoodconductorofelectricity.你的身體是很好的導(dǎo)電體。符合此處描述，身體和燈泡一樣都是很好的導(dǎo)電體。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】結(jié)合前文Theelectricalcurrentcomingthroughthewirestothewallplugissostrongthatitwouldhurtalot電流通過電線傳到墻上的插頭，假如你把手指插在插頭上會(huì)很疼。及前文It'sbecausemetalsalsoconductelectricity.因?yàn)榻饘僖矊?dǎo)電?？芍?，金屬和人體一樣也會(huì)導(dǎo)電，電擊會(huì)使人感到難受。假如將叉子插入插座孔，人也會(huì)受到電擊。.D.Andyouwouldgetaterribleshock!你會(huì)受到可怕的電擊！故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】結(jié)合后文Ifso,electricitycanbetterserveyou,insteadofhurtingyou.假如是這樣的話，電可以更好地為你服務(wù)，而不是損害你。C.Becareful,besafeandbesmart.當(dāng)心，平安，聰慧。提示平安用電的訣竅。故選C項(xiàng)。其次部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whatisatruewinner?Wemaybevery___21___ofHondaMotors.In1938,SoichiroHondawasstillinschool,whenhestartedalittleworkshop.Hisplanwastosellpistonrings（活塞環(huán)）toToyota.He___22___nightandday,believinghecould___23___hisdesignandproduceaworthyproduct.Then,camethedayhetookasampletoToyota,___24___tobetoldthattheringsdidnot___25___theirstandards!However,herefusedtogiveup.___26___focusonhisfailure,hecontinuedworkingtowardshisgoal.Aftertwomoreyearsof___27___,hewonacontractwithToyota.Bythen,SoichiroHondaneededtobuildafactorytosupplyToyota,butbuildingmaterialswereinshortsupply.Againhewouldnot___28___!Heinventeda___29___processthatenabledhimtobuildthefactory.But____30____,anearthquakedestroyedthefactory.Washe____31____togiveupnow?No!SoichiroHondawroteto18,000bicyclesshopownersandaskedthemtohelphim.5,000respondedand____32____himwhatlittlemoneytheycouldtobuildhistinybicycleengines.____33____graduallythecompanygotgreatsuccess.Hondasucceededbecauseonemanmadeatrulycommitteddecision,____34____it,andmadeadjustments____35____acontinuousbasis.21.A.envious B.familiar C.aware D.fond22.A.thought B.prayed C.slept D.labored23.A.perfect B.start C.win D.admire24.A.only B.still C.even D.simply25.A.meet B.improve C.update D.apply26.A.Inorderto B.Orelse C.Otherthan D.Ratherthan27.A.silence B.explanation C.service D.struggle28.A.agree B.suffer C.quit D.return29.A.abnormal B.special C.responsible D.specific30.A.eventually B.unfortunately C.surprisingly D.definitely31.A.unwilling B.honest C.ready D.hopeful32.A.begged B.promoted C.refused D.advanced33.A.Or B.Otherwise C.And D.Yet34.A.thoughtabout B.actedon C.reflectedon D.joinedin35.A.on B.in C.at D.with【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.A25.A26.D27.D28.C29.B30.B31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述本田宗一郎如何遇到困難絕不放棄，努力克服重重困難最終獲得勝利。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可能對(duì)本田宗一郎是特別熟識(shí)的。A.envious艷羨的；B.familiar熟識(shí)的；C.aware意識(shí)到的；D.fond寵愛的。由前一句“Whatisatruewinner?”可知，什么是真正的獲勝者？由此可見，本句是對(duì)前一句“什么是真正的獲勝者”的回答，表達(dá)的是一種獲勝者是誰的語境。選項(xiàng)familiar，熟識(shí)的，符合語境。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他日夜工作，信任他能使他的設(shè)計(jì)完備，而且生產(chǎn)出一個(gè)有價(jià)值的產(chǎn)品。A.thought認(rèn)為；B.prayed祈禱；C.slept睡覺；D.labored勞動(dòng)，工作。由本句中的“believinghecould___3___hisdesignandproduceaworthyproduct.”可知，他信任他能使他的設(shè)計(jì)變得完備，并且生產(chǎn)出一個(gè)有價(jià)值的產(chǎn)品。由此可見，要使設(shè)計(jì)完備和生產(chǎn)出一個(gè)有價(jià)值的產(chǎn)品，須要他日夜的勞作。選項(xiàng)D.labored勞動(dòng)，工作，符合語境。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他日夜工作，信任他能使他的設(shè)計(jì)完備，而且生產(chǎn)出一個(gè)有價(jià)值的產(chǎn)品。A.perfect使完備；B.start起先；C.win獲勝；D.admire敬佩。由本句中的and可知，and的后半部分“produceaworthyproduct.”表示的是生產(chǎn)一個(gè)有價(jià)值的產(chǎn)品和前半部分“___3___hisdesign”是并列關(guān)系。由此可見，“___3___hisdesign”應(yīng)當(dāng)表示的也是一種好的語境。選項(xiàng)A.perfect使完備，符合語境。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他帶著樣品去豐田的這天到來了，卻被告知這個(gè)活塞環(huán)不符合他們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)！A.only卻，不料；B.still仍舊；C.even甚至；D.simply簡潔地。由前一句“He___2___nightandday,believinghecould___3___hisdesignandproduceaworthyproduct.”和本句的后半部分“theringsdidnot___5___theirstandards!”可知，他日夜工作，信任他能使他的設(shè)計(jì)完備，而且生產(chǎn)出一個(gè)有價(jià)值的產(chǎn)品。這個(gè)活塞環(huán)不符合他們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這個(gè)超出他的意料。onlytodo表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他帶著樣品去豐田的這天到來了，卻被告知這個(gè)活塞環(huán)不符合他們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)！A.meet符合，滿意；B.improve提高；C.update更新；D.apply申請(qǐng)，應(yīng)用。由第三段的第一句“However,herefusedtogiveup.”中的however可知，本句和“Then,camethedayhetookasampletoToyota,___4___tobetoldthattheringsdidnot___5___theirstandards!”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系?！癏owever,herefusedtogiveup.”表達(dá)的是“但是他拒絕放棄”。由此可見，“theringsdidnot___5___theirstandards!”應(yīng)當(dāng)表達(dá)的是一種失敗的語境，即這個(gè)活塞環(huán)是不符合他們標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的。選項(xiàng)A.meet符合，滿意，符合語境。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查連詞短語詞義辨析。句意：他接著努力向他的目標(biāo)前進(jìn)而不是專注在他的失敗上。A.Inorderto為了;B.Orelse否則，要不然；C.Otherthan除了，不同于；D.Ratherthan而不是。分析本句可知，“努力向他的目標(biāo)前進(jìn)”和“專注在他的失敗”之間是對(duì)比關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)D.ratherthan而不是，表達(dá)的是對(duì)比關(guān)系，符合語境。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩年多的奮斗努力之后，他獲得了豐田的合同。A.silence緘默；B.explanation說明；C.service服務(wù)；D.struggle奮斗。由前一句“___6___focusonhisfailure,hecontinuedworkingtowardshisgoal.”可知，他接著努力向他的目標(biāo)前進(jìn)而不是專注在他的失敗上。由此可見，他接著的努力最終為他贏得了合同。選項(xiàng)D.struggle奮斗，和前一句的“working”相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選D。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：再次他不想放棄！A.agree同意；B.suffer遭遇；C.quit放棄；D.return返回。由第三段的第一句“However,herefusedtogiveup.”可知，但是他拒絕放棄。由此可見，他再次不會(huì)放棄。選項(xiàng)C.quit放棄，和第三段的第一句中的“giveup”相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一個(gè)能讓他建立這個(gè)工廠的特別流程。A.abnormal異樣的；B.special特別的；C.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；D.specific特定的。由第三段的最終一句“Bythen,SoichiroHondaneededtobuildafactorytosupplyToyota,butbuildingmaterialswereinshortsupply.”可知，到那時(shí)，本田宗一郎須要建一個(gè)工廠去給豐田供應(yīng)，但是建立材料供應(yīng)不足。由此可見，本田宗一郎在建立工廠時(shí)遇到了材料不足的問題，針對(duì)這個(gè)問題，他獨(dú)創(chuàng)特別的流程去建立工廠。選項(xiàng)B.special特別的，符合語境。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是不幸的是，一場地震摧毀了這個(gè)工廠。A.eventually最終；B.unfortunately不幸地；C.surprisingly驚人地；D.definitely肯定地。由本句的后半部分“anearthquakedestroyedthefactory”表示的是一場地震摧毀了這個(gè)工廠。這是一個(gè)不幸的事情。選項(xiàng)B.unfortunately不幸地，符合語境。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他現(xiàn)在打算放棄嗎？A.unwilling不情愿的；B.honest誠懇的；C.ready打算好的；D.hopeful有希望的。由第三段的第一句“However,herefusedtogiveup.”可知，但是，他拒絕放棄。由此可見，本句也是在表達(dá)他不想放棄的語境。選項(xiàng)C.ready打算好的，符合語境。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有5,000名店主給他答復(fù)，給他預(yù)付了他們能給的那點(diǎn)錢去建立他的小型自行車引擎。A.begged請(qǐng)求；B.promoted促進(jìn)；C.refused拒絕；D.advanced預(yù)付。由后一句“___13___graduallythecompanygotgreatsuccess.”可知，慢慢地這個(gè)公司獲得巨大的勝利。由此可見，本田宗一郎獲得了5,000店主的微薄資助。選項(xiàng)D.advanced預(yù)付，符合語境。故選D。【33題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：并且慢慢地這個(gè)公司獲得巨大的勝利。A.Or或者；B.Otherwise其他；C.And并且，和；D.Yet但是。分析本句可知，“graduallythecompanygotgreatsuccess.”表達(dá)的是“慢慢地這個(gè)公司獲得巨大的勝利”，和前一句“5,000respondedand___12___himwhatlittlemoneytheycouldtobuildhistinybicycleengines.”表達(dá)的“有5,000名店主給他答復(fù)，給他預(yù)付了他們能給的那點(diǎn)錢去建立他的小型自行車引擎。”，兩者之間是并列關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)C.And并且，和，表達(dá)的是并列關(guān)系，符合語境。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)人做出了一個(gè)真實(shí)而又堅(jiān)決的確定，然后付諸行動(dòng)，并且在持續(xù)的基礎(chǔ)上做出調(diào)整，所以本田勝利了。A.thoughtabout考慮；B.actedon行動(dòng)；C.reflectedon反省，回想；D.joinedin加入。由其次段其次句“Hisplanwastosellpistonrings（活塞環(huán)）toToyota.”和第三句“He___2___nightandday,believinghecould___3___hisdesignandproduceaworthyproduct.”表達(dá)的是他的支配是賣活塞環(huán)給豐田。他日夜工作，信任他能使他的設(shè)計(jì)完備，而且生產(chǎn)出一個(gè)有價(jià)值的產(chǎn)品。由此可見，本田做出確定，就會(huì)實(shí)際行動(dòng)起來。選項(xiàng)B.actedon行動(dòng)，符合語境。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查介詞辨析。句意：因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)人做出了一個(gè)真實(shí)而又堅(jiān)決的確定，然后付諸行動(dòng)，并且在持續(xù)努力的基礎(chǔ)上做出調(diào)整，所以本田勝利了。A.on關(guān)于，在……之上；B.in在……之中；C.at在，處于……狀態(tài)；D.with和，用。分析本句句意可知，onbasis是固定搭配，表達(dá)的是在……基礎(chǔ)之上。表示在持續(xù)努力的基礎(chǔ)上做出調(diào)整，所以本田勝利了。故選A。其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ifyoucomeacrossan85-year-oldwomanwalkingslowlywithawalkerintheChildren'sHospitalofSoochowUniversity,don'ttakeher___36___apatient.Insteadsheisadoctor,___37___stillinsistsonworkinginthehospital.ShengJinyun,bornin1935,afamousexpertinpediatricasthma(兒科哮喘)，___38___(treat)about30,000patientssufferingasthmasofar.Sheisknownas"the___39___(much)beautifulgrandmadoctor"byothers.However,shestillsees40patientseveryday.Shenghasalwaysstucktoherpostthoughshehadtwobones___40___(break)inafallamonthago.Sonowshecanonlywalkwiththehelpofawalker.Othersdon'tunderstandher.Intheireyes,she___41___(expect)toliveapeacefullifeinthisoldage.Butshewantstocuremore___42___(child).OneofSheng'smost___43___(impress)experienceshappenedinher50s.Shesaw146patientsfrom7:45amto9:45pmthatday,eatingnothingexceptsomemilk.Though___44___