陜西2020-2024年中考英語五年真題匯編學(xué)生版-專題09 閱讀七選五

陜西2020-2024年中考英語五年真題匯編學(xué)生版——專題09閱讀七選五【五年考情回顧】年份體裁主題內(nèi)容2024年說明文本文介紹了亞馬遜熱帶雨林。2023年說明文本文是一篇說明文，介紹農(nóng)家機(jī)器人可以減少化學(xué)污染。2022年說明文本文主要介紹了龍卷風(fēng)季節(jié)，以及龍卷風(fēng)來臨時人們應(yīng)該做什么。2021年說明文本文主要介紹了我們?yōu)槭裁葱枰?，睡眠的時間，夢游以及動物睡覺的情況。2020年說明文文章講述人們住在河流附近的原因，過去河流是如何幫助人們的，現(xiàn)在為什么仍有人住在河流附近，河流會出現(xiàn)的問題和人不想住在河流附近的原因以及人們選擇住在哪里考慮的因素。（2024·陜西·中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Rainforestsareforeststhatgetalotofrain.Itcanrainmorethanoneinch(=2.54cm)perday!Therearetropical(熱帶的)rainforestsallovertheworld.1Theyareverywarm.TheAmazonisinSouthAmerica.Itisthebiggestrainforestintheworld.MorethanhalfoftherainforestisinBrazil.2ManyplantsandanimalsliveintheAmazon.Therearemorekindsofplantsandanimalstherethananywhereelseintheworld.Thebiggestmixofplantsandanimalsliveinthecanopy(遮篷).3Thecanopykeepsoffmostofthesunlight.Therainforestfloorisverydark.4Therearemorethan400differentnativetribes(土著部落)!Nativepeopleusedtostayintherainforest.Theyfoundfoodandbuilthomesthere.Theymademedicinefromplants.Nowtheysometimesleave.Theygointonearbytownstosellfood.Still,theyliveintheirownways.Today,theAmazonisfacedwiththeproblemofdeforestation.Thismeansthattoomanytreesarecutdownbyhumansand5Whatcanwedotoprotecttherainforestandthewildlifethere?A．Thecanopyisathickcoatoftrees.B．Theyarefoundneartheequator(赤道).C．itbringsharmfulresultstothewildlifeintheAmazon.D．itmakesmorespacefortheanimalsintheAmazontolivein.E．Theyhavefoundsomewildlifeneartheequator.F．Therestspreadsacrosseightothercountries.G．PeopleliveintheAmazontoo.（2023·陜西·中考真題）Farmyardrobotscancutdownchemicalpollution.6?Manyofthemusechemicalstokillweeds(雜草).Thetroubleis,theseweedkillersalsokillwildlife,polluteriversandarebadforthefields.7.Thiskindofrobotcancutweedkilleruseby90%.Therobotisreallysmartbecauseitonlykillsweedsbutnotcrops(莊稼).8?Severalcamerasarebuiltintotherobot.Thecamerasfacingthegroundtakephotostohelptherobot“see”theplantsitpasses.Therobotcompareseachphototoalibraryofplantphotostodecideonwhichplantsareweeds.Robotarmsmoveintopositiontogiveasmalldose(劑量)ofweedkillerontheweeds.Therobotisenergy-friendly.9.HowtherobotwilldevelopThescientistsdonotwanttojuststopattheachievementtheyhavemade.10.Theimprovedmodelofrobotswillexactlydiscoverweedsanddigthemoutinsteadofweedkillers.Robotscouldbeprogrammedtoleavesomeharmlessweedsinthefieldstosupportwildlifelivingthere.A．ButscientistshavecreatedafarmyardrobotB．ItispoweredbytheenergyfromthesunC．WheretherobotisusedD．They’reworkingonthenewdesignstoimprovethemodelE．HowtherobotworksF．WhydofarmerschoosetherobottoworkintheirfieldsG．Howdofarmersusuallykillweedsinthefields（2022·陜西·中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EveryyearintheU.S,thereareabout500tornadoes,anaturaldisaster(災(zāi)害；災(zāi)難),fromTexasthroughOklahoma,Kansas,Nebraska,lowaandintoSouthDakota.11.The“tornadoseason”isusuallyinspring,butthepeopleinTormadoAlleyarealwaysreadyforthemandtheyalwayslistentothenews.Whenthewarningscome,12.Theyfindsomewheresafetostay.Athome,thebestplaceisthebasement—aroomthatisusedtostorethingsundertheleveloftheground.Ifthereisnobasement,aroomwithoutwindowslikethebathroomisalsoasafeplace.“13sothatwecangetreadyandwon’tfeelafraidwhenthere’satornado,”saysTiffanyTaylor,ahighschoolstudentfromTexas.“There’snobasementatmyschool,soweusuallygotothehallwaysonthelowestfloors.Ofcourse,weneversitnearthewindows.”Afterthetornado,peoplefirstchecktoseeifitissafetogooutandthentheycheckthebuildingsandtheareafordamage(破壞).14!InChina,wearenotsooftentroubledbytornadoes,butwedohavedisasterslikeearthquakes,oranunexpectedfire.Itisimportanttoknowhowtokeepussafewhenadisasterhappens.Remember:inordertostaysafeinnaturaldisasters,15.Forexample,we’dbetterkeepdisasterplansinmindandpracticeoften.A．peoplefollowtheirdisasterplansB．AndusuallythereisalotofdamageC．ThisisbecausetherearealotoftornadoesD．Atschool,weoftenhavepracticeE．peoplerunoutoftheirhomeswithfearF．weshouldgetwellpreparedG．That’swhythisareaiscalled“TornadoAlley”（2021·陜西·中考真題）Doyouknowthereasonwhywefeeltiredinthemiddleofaclass?Maybeyouwouldsayitisbecausetheteacher’sclassisboring.16Perhapsthisissomethingyouhavenotpaidenoughattentiontoornotyetnoticed.Purposeofsleep17Sleephelpsourbodyheal（修復(fù)）,grow,andstayhealthy.Italsogivesusenergy,sowecanbeactiveallday.Doctorsandhealthscientistssay:Whenyoucloseyoureyesandneedtorest,sleepisjusttheverybest!Thisismorethanadvice.SleeptimeEnoughsleepisimportanttous.Howmuchsleepdoweneed?New-bornbabiessleepmostofthetime.Theycansleep20—22hoursaday.Childrenneed10—12hoursofsleepaday.Teenagersneed8—10hoursofsleepadaybecausetheyneedlotsofenergytogrowintotheiradult（成人的）bodies.Grown-upsusuallyneed6—8hoursofsleeptokeepactive.18Thatiswhyoldpeoplesleeplessthanyoungpeople.

InterestingfactsAlmosteveryonehastheirdreamswhiletheysleep,butnotallofthemcantelltheirdreamsclearlywhentheywakeup.19Moresurprisingly,somemayevengetupintheirdreamsandwalkaround.Thisiscalled“sleepwalking”.Areyouasleepwalker?Or,isthereasleepwalkeraroundyou?20It’snotjustpeoplethatlovetosnooze（打盹）.Infact,manyanimalshaveunusualorsurprisingsleepinghabits.Someanimals,suchasbearsandhedgehogs,sleepallthroughwinter.Theswiftisaveryfastbirdthatcansleepwhileitflies!Cutekoalassleeparound18hoursaday.Giraffesdon’tneedmuchsleepatall.Theyusuallysleepstandingup.A．SleepyanimalsB．Whydoweneedsleep?C．Somepeopletalkintheirdreams.D．However,therealreasonisprobablythatwedon’thaveenoughsleep.E．Theolderyouget,thelesssleepyouwillneed.F．Somepeopleneverdreamwhiletheysleep.G．Cleveranimals（2020·陜西·中考真題）WhyLiveNeartheRiver?Imaginepioneerstravelingwestinthe1800s.Inthosedays,itwashardtofindrunningwaterandshopswheretobuythings.Astimewentby,mostpioneershadtomaketheirhomesnearariversothattheycouldgetwatereasily.Howdidrivershelppeopleliveinthepast?Backinthepioneerdays,peoplegrewtheirownfood,caughttheirownfish,andcollectedtheirownwater.21Peoplealsousedriversasroads,travelingonboats.Tradersshippedgoods(貨物)topeoplefromotherareas.22Whenbuildingmanyfactoriesrightnexttoriversforthewater’spowertomakemachineswork,somepeoplechoosetolivenearariverforworking.Theyusetherivertoshiplargegoods,andsomeofthemworkatthesefactorieswherepowerfactoriesprovideelectricitytohomesandbusinesses.23Whowouldn’twanttolivenearariver?Somepeoplearenervousaboutlivingnearriversbecauseriverscancausefloods(洪水).Everyonceinawhile,floodwatersrisehigherthanahouse,ruining(泡壞)manythingsinthehouse.24Suchwastecauseswatertosmellbadandpollutesthecrops(莊稼)weeat.Waterandcropsinpollutedareascanmakepeopleverysick.Howdopeopledecidewheretolive?25Riverscanprovidejobsandfunactivitiesinabeautifulplace.However,thoselivingbyriversshouldbewillingtoacceptpossibleproblemsaswell.A．Whydopeoplelivenearriversnow?B．Whydidpeoplewanttolivenearariver?C．Somefactoriesputtheirwasteintorivers.D．Stayingclosetoariverwaseasytogetwaterforliving.E．Somefactoriesstopwastewaterfromrunningintorivers.F．Peoplewhocarrygoodsontoshipsliveneartheriver,too.G．Peopleshouldthinkoverthepossiblerisksbeforedecidingwheretolive.（2024·陜西商洛·三模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Bananasdon’tgrowontrees.Theygrowonastalk(莖)thatlooksjustalittlelikeastalkofcorn.Thestalkissoftenoughtobecutwithaknife.Ittakesaboutayearbeforebananasarereadytobepicked.Someareassmallasfingers.26.Somebananaplantsgrowastallasahouse—eventaller!27.Somenevergetsweet,andtheyarecookedasakindofvegetable.Thetastyfruitdoesn’tcomefromaseedbutfromarootplanteddeepintheground.First,astalkpushesupintotheair.28.Inthebeginning,thebananaplantgrowsveryfast—sometimesasmuchasthelengthofyourfeetinonenight.Soon,sweet-smellingflowerscomeout,andwhentheirflowersdropoff,bananasbegintogrow.Astheygetbigger,bananasstartturningup(卷起來).29!Bananasarereadytoeatwhentheyturnsoftandyellow.Bananasarepickedlongbeforethis——whenthey’rehardandgreen.Thisisbecausebananashavetotravelmanymilesbeforetheyarriveatastore.30.Therearespecialboatsjustforbananasandspecialtrainsthatkeepthemjustcoolenoughsothattheywillgetripe(成熟的)whiletraveling.Ifbananasarepickedwhentheyareripe,theywillspoilontheway.A．ThentheleavesgrowB．NotallbananasareeatenasfruitC．AlongtimeisspentpickingbananasD．Itlooksasifthey’regrowingupsidedownE．ManypeoplelikeeatingbananasF．Othersareaslongasmen、’sarmsG．Onboatsandtrainsbananastravelallovertheworld（2024·陜西寶雞·三模）Saygoodbyetospringfatigue(春困)Thesunisshining,theflowersaresmiling—afterthecold,darknights,we’reallhappytowelcomespring.Whileothersareoutenjoyingthesun,you’refeelingsleepierthanever.31?Somepeoplecallitspringfatigue.Andyou’renotaloneifspringtimeisnoteasyforyou.Here’swhatyoucandoaboutit.Don’toversleepItmaysoundstrange,butoversleepingdoesn’tleadtomoreenergy.32.Forthatreason,youshouldtrytogetenoughqualitysleeptofeelyourbest.Andthatisusuallyaround7-8hourseverynight.33Spendingmoretimeoutdoorsduringthedaycanmakeiteasierforyoutofeellesssleepy.Youcantakealunchbreakoutside,walktoschool,orgoforaquickmorningwalktogetyourdaystarted.34ifyouhaveabusydaywithlittletimetospendoutdoors.ExercisemoreIknowyou’veheardofthistiptoomanytimes.Butexercisingisreallygoodinthespring,especiallyinthemorninghours.35.Ifsportsaren’tyourthing,tryingtogetoffthebusonestopearliereverydayisagoodstart.A．GetenoughsleepB．SpendmoretimeoutdoorsC．What’sthematterwiththatD．Whydon’tyousleepearlierthanbeforeE．DoingsportslikerunningorbikingcangetoverfatigueF．Trytogetbrightmorningsunlightonyourfacefor10-15minutesG．Studieshaveshownthatsleepingtoomuchcanmakeyoufeeltired（2024·陜西咸陽·三模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inthepasttwoyears,the“AIfacechange”hasbecomeahottopic.AIfacechangereferstochangingotherpeople’sfacesintotheirownthroughAIsmarttechnology.Criminals(罪犯)willusethetechnologytocheatpeople,whichoftencausesgreatlossesinashortperiodoftime.36CriminalscangetapictureoravideoevenourvoicethroughsomeappsthatweusetohavefunintheInternet.37MovehandsinfrontofthefaceDuringavideocall,youcanaskthepersontomovehishandinfrontofhisface.38Andyoucanseethefaceshakingonthescreenoryoucanrequirehimtopresshisnoseorcheek.Whenarealpersondoesthis,hisnosewillnaturallychangetheshape.TalksecretlyIncommunication,39Orfortheunknownperson,suchastheso-calledleaderorfriends,youcancheckthembycallingoraskingrelativesandfriendsyou’refamiliarwith.40Doagoodjobofdailyinformation,suchasphone’ssecurityprotection.Strengthentheface,voiceprint(聲紋)andfingerprint.Don’tenterintounknownwebsitesandloadtheunknownapps.A．Saveyoursparetime.B．Watchoutyourphone.C．Thebehaviorcanbreakthefacial(面部的)system.D．Whydotheychangefaces?E．Herearesometipstohelpprevent.F．Howdotheysucceed?G．youcanasksomequestionsthatonlythepersonknowstocheckifheisrealorunreal.（2024·陜西渭南·二模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Nomatterwhatyouwanttodowithyourlife,you’llneedaneducationfirst.Youmakeyourownfuture.Youwanttobeadoctor,ateacher,orapoliceofficer?41.Andwhatyou’relearninginschooltodaywilldecidewhetheryourcountrycanmeetthegreatestchallengeinthefuture.Itseemsquiteclearthatifpeoplewanttobesuccessful,theymustworkhardandkeeptryingevenwhentheymeetdifficulties.42.Someofthemostsuccessfulpeopleintheworldaretheoneswho’vehadthemostfailures.Forexample,thefirstbookofJ.K.Rowling,thewriterofHarryPotter,wasrefused12timesbeforeitwasfinallypublished(出版).43.Helosthundredsofgamesandthousandsofshotsduringhiscareer.Buthesaid,“Ihavefailedoverandoveragaininmylife.Butthat’swhyIsucceed.”44becausetheyknewthefailureswerethemotheroftheirsuccess.Soifyougetabadgrade,thatdoesn’tmeanyou’restupid.Infact,youneedtospendmoretimestudying.Iexpectyoutoputyourbesteffortintoeverythingyoudo.Sodon’tletusdown,don’tletyourfamilyorcountrydown.Mostimportantly,45A．ThesepeoplecouldsucceedB．Butinfact,beingsuccessfulishardC．MichaelJordanwasoncekickedoffhishighschoolbasketballteamD．Aslongasthereisahope,weshouldnevergiveupE．wecan’tdoeverythingbyourselvesF．Agoodeducationisrequiredforeverysingleoneofthosecareers(職業(yè))G．don’tletyourselfdown（2024·陜西榆林·二模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Hangzhou,togetherwithfiveothercitiesinZhejiang,hassuccessfullyhostedthe19thAsianGamesfromSept23,2023toOct8,2023.TheGameswerethought“smart”withtheuseofmanyexcitingtechnologies.46!Thevenue(場地)forthetennisfinalsoftheHangzhouAsianGamesissometimescalledthe“SmallLotus”.47.Thesepetalscanopenandclosefreelythougheachofthemweighs160tons.It’sbuiltthiswayfordifferentkindsofweather.48?Whentheathletesneededfirstaid,drones(無人機(jī))wereusedtosendthingsover.Theycouldflyasfaras20kilometersandtravel16metersinonesecond.Usingadronesavedabout60percentofthetime.IfyouareinHangzhouandgoingtovisitthevenue,itwillbesadifyoucan’tfindyourway.ARisheretohelp.ThereisaminiprogramthatprovidesuswithARservice.Yousimplyturnonyourphone’scameraand49.Youcanalsogetmoreinformationaboutthevenueasyouwalkby.Technologymadethe19thAsianGamesverysmartandconvenient.50.Wehopewecanseemore“smart”gamesinthefuture.A．HowweretheaccidentsdealtwithB．WhyshouldwepaymoreattentiontoHangzhouC．ThegameslefttheworldagreatmemoryD．Let’shavealookE．youwillknowalotaboutAsianGamesportsF．Onthetopofthevenue,thereareeight“petals”(花瓣)G．itwillknowwhereyouareandthenshowyoutheway（2024·陜西榆林·二模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyoumakeyourbedeverymorning?51,butdon’tlookdownonthebenefitsofmakingtheactahabit.Thisisgoodforbothyourphysicalandmentalhealth(身心健康).Firstofall,makingyourbedcanbeyourfirststeptowardshavingasuccessfulday,Tidyingupyourbedmayonlytakeafewminutes,butthiscanbeyourfirsttaskoftheday.52.Andthiswillencourageyoutomoveontoothertasks.53.Poorsleepenvironmentincludesnotonlynoiseandlight,butalsoanuntidybed.Inotherwords,anuntidybedwilldistract(分散注意力)youandkeepyoufromfallingasleep.However,keepingyourbedroomcleanandcomfortablewillhelpyousleepbetteratnight.Howcanyoumakebed-makingadailyhabitthen?54.Youcantrymakingyourbedafterbrushingyourteeth,forexample.Somepeoplealsosetalarmsontheirphonestoremindthemtomaketheirbeds.Whateverwayyouwanttotake,55.Itcangetyourday