廣東省河源市2024-2025學年高二上學期第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（含答案）

2024~2025學年第一學期第一次質(zhì)量檢測高二英語考生注意：1.滿分120分，考試時間120分鐘。2.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑；非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。3.本卷命題范圍：人教版選擇性必修第一冊Unit1—Unit2。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ADonnaStricklandwasawardedthe2018NobelPrizeinPhysicsjointlywithArthurAshkinandGérardMourou.It’sthefirsttimein55yearsthatawomanhaswonthisfamousprize,butwhyhasittakensolong?Welookatfiveotherpioneeringfemalephysicists—pastandpresent—whoactuallydeservetheprize.JocelynBellBurnellPerhapsthemostfamoussnub(冷落):thestudentBelldiscoveredthefirstradiopulsarsin1967,whenshewasaPhDstudentatCambridge.TheNobelPrizethatrecognisedthislandmarkdiscoveryin1974,however,wenttohermalesupervisor,AntonyHewish.Recentlyawardeda￡2.3millionBreakthroughPrize,whichshegaveawaytohelpunder-representedstudents,shejokedtoTheGuardian,“IfeelI’vedoneverywelloutofnotgettingaNobelPrize.”LeneHauHauisbest-knownforleadingtheresearchteamatHarvardUniversityin1999thatmanagedtoslowabeamoflight,beforemanagingtostopitcompletelyin2001.OftentoppingNobelPrizepredictionlists,could2019beHau’syear.VeraRubinRubindiscovereddarkmatterinthe1980s,openingupanewfieldofastronomy.Shediedin2016,withoutrecognitionfromthecommittee.Chien-ShiungWuWu’s“Wuexperiment”helpeddisprovethe“l(fā)awofconservationofparity”.Herexperimentalworkwashelpfulbutneverhonoured,andinstead,hermalecolleagueswonthe1957NobelPrizefortheirtheoreticalworkbehindthestudy.LiseMeitnerMeitnerledgroundbreakingworkonthediscoveryofnuclearfission.However,thediscoverywasacknowledgedbythe1944NobelPrizeinChemistry,whichwaswonbyhermaleco-lead,OttoHahn.1.WhenwasthediscoveryofradiopulsarsrecognisedbytheNobel?A.In1944． B.In1967． C.In1974． D.In1980．2.WhichwomanismostlikelytowinaNobelPrizelateraccordingtothetext?A.DonnaStrickland. B.JocelynBellBurnell.C.LeneHau. D.VeraRubin.3Whatdoweknowaboutthefivefemales?A.Thefivefemalescientistsdidgreatlyinchemistry.B.VeraRubinhadopenedupanewfieldingeometry.C.LiseMeitner’steacherwonaNobelPrizeforherwork.D.Thefivefemalescientistshaven’tbeenawardedNobelPrize.BZachConti,whoisastudentinEasternMichiganUniversityandjoinedthefootballteamasawalk-on(臨時隊員)in2020,hasworkedatseveralpart-timejobstopayforhiseducation.Nowhewon’thavetoanymore.“FootballissomethingIreallylove,soeversinceIgottoschool,I’vehadtodowhateverittakestostayhereandstayinagoodpositionwithmystudiesandfootball,”Contisaid.“Ihavetodomanyjobs,butwhenyoureallywantsomething,youwon’tfeelbored.”WhileConti’steammateswouldseehimgoingtoorcomingbacktowork,theywereverysupportive.ButContistillhadtroublepayingforhiseducationandhismother’smedicalbills.Hewasplanningonleavingtheuniversity.BrianDooley,whowouldgetascholarship,couldn’tseethathappenanddecidedtohelphisteammate.HetoldheadcoachChrisCreightonaboutthething.Creightonwenttoseeifanadditionalscholarshipcouldbegivenout.Theschoolallowedtheteamtogiveoutfivescholarshipsandanotheronewasnotallowed.ThenDooleywenttothecoachwithaspecialrequest.“BrianDooleycomesintomyoffice,”CreightonsaidduringateammeetingonAugust3.“Andhesays,‘Coach,Contishouldgetascholarship.AndI’vetalkedthisoverwithmyfamily.Andifthere’sawaytomakethishappen,IamwillingtogiveupmyscholarshipasagifttoConti.’”That’swhenDooleywalkedovertoContiandhandedhimanenvelopewiththescholarshipinside.Dooleyexplainedthereasonforhelpinghisteammate“IdiditbecauseI’veseenContigrowoverthelongtime.Itwouldbeagreatpityifhewalkedawayfromsomethingthatheloves.Heworkssohard.Inmyeyes,heshouldgetit100percent.”4.HowwasConti’slifeintheuniversity?A.Boring. B.Carefree. C.Challenging. D.Valueless.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph4referto?A.Apoormother’sfallingsick. B.Conti’sdoingpart-timejobs.C.Theteam’slaughingatConti. D.Conti’sdroppingoutofschool.6.HowdidDooleyhelpConti?A.HeadvisedhisschooltocollectmoneyforConti.B.HerequestedhiscoachtogivehisscholarshiptoConti.C.HemanagedtoapplyforanotherscholarshipforConti.D.HeaskedhisfamilytopayforConti’sschooleducation.7.WhatdoDooley’swordsinthelastparagraphshow?A.Contineedstoworkharder. B.HeenjoysworkingwithConti.C.HeplaysfootballbetterthanConti. D.Contiisworthyofthescholarship.CThelanguageCentersfirstTriviaNighttestedstudents'knowledgeondifferentlanguagesandtheirhistorieslastFridayatDouglasscommons."Wehavedecidedtoconductthiseventwhentheweatherisbadsothatstudentswhohavenowheretogoandstayoncampuscancomeandfindacomfortableshelterduringacoldwinterday,"LanguageCenterDirector,TeresaValdezsaid.AccordingtoValdez,theideaforTrivianightcameayearagofromajuniorandteam-membercalledElizabethdeLosReyes.Theeventengagedstudents'interestinlanguagesandshowedthehigh-qualityservicesthattheLanguageCenterprovides.Participantscompetedinsmallgroupsthateachrepresentedadifferentlanguageandcountry.Therewerefiveteamsintotal:Russia,China,Japan,SpainandFrance.Thecompetitionconsistedoffourroundswitheachroundconsistingofthreequestionsrelatingtothefollowingtopicsliterature,language,geography,cultureandhistory.Afterafewwarm-upquestionsabouthowpeoplegreeteachotherindifferentlanguages,whatcontinentTurkeyisfoundin,andwhoisthefirstmantoflytothemoon,thequestionsbecameincreasinglydifficult.Eachroundofferedanincreasingamountofpointsateamcouldreceive.Thefinalquestionwasworth20points.Ifateamdidnotansweritcorrectly,thepointsweretakenfromthetotal.Inthemeantime,studentsenjoyedpizza,snacks,anddrinkswhilesharingtheirlinguistic(語言的)interest.Mostoftheparticipantsknewtwoorthreelanguages.Othersknewmore,suchasfirst-yearBartekJezierskifromPoland,whocanspeakEnglish,Polish,German,Spanish,andRussian.ThewinnersfromfirsttothirdplacewereFrance,JapanandRussiarespectively.Allfiveteamsweregivensomeprizes—ablueshoppingbag,acupandstuffedtoys.However,studentsbelievedthemostimportantprizeoftheeveningwastheprocessofthecompetition—howstudentsfromdiversebackgroundsandcultureswereabletoparticipateinafriendlycompetition,andsharedtheirmutual(相互的)loveoflanguages.8.WhatisoneofthepurposesofTriviaNight？A.Toattractstudentstolearnlanguages.B.Tohelpthestudentssufferingfromcoldness.C.Tocollectopinionsfromthestudentsonitsservices.D.ToselectthebeststudentsfortheLanguagecenter.9.Howmanyquestionswerethereinthecompetitionintotal？A.3 B.4. C.12. D.20.10.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheatmosphereofthecompetition？A.Quiet. B.Relaxing. C.romantic. D.Depressing.11.Whatdidstudentsvaluemostinthecompetition？A.Somesnacksanddrinks.B.Variousprizesforwinners.C.Thecourseofthecompetition.D.Theservicesprovidedbythelanguagecenter.DAdvancesingenerativeartificialintelligence(AI)haveenabledauthentic-soundingspeechsynthesis(語音合成)tothepointthatapersoncannolongerdistinguishwhethertheyaretalkingtoanotherhumanoradeepfake(深度偽造).Ifaperson’sownvoiceis“cloned”byathirdpartywithouttheiragreement,badguyscanuseittosendanymessagetheywant.ComputerscientistandengineerNingZhanghasdevelopedanewmethodtopreventunauthorizedspeechsynthesisbeforeittakesplace:atoolcalledAntiFake.Traditionaldeepfakedetectionmethodsonlyworkafterthedamageisdone.However,AntiFakepreventsvoicedatafrombeingsynthesizedintoanaudiodeepfakebeforehand.Thistoolturnsthetablesoncybercriminals(網(wǎng)絡(luò)罪犯)byusingsimilarvoicecloningtechniquestheyemploy,butforvoiceprotection.Thesoftwarecomplicatesvoicedataextractionandfeatureidentificationcrucialforvoicesynthesis.“We’reusinganoppositeAItechniqueoriginallyusedbycybercriminals,butnowwe’reusingitagainstthem,”Zhangexplained.“Weslightlychangetherecordedaudio,justenoughtomakeitunusableforvoiceclonetrainingwhilestillsoundingnaturaltohumans.”BenZhao,aprofessorofcomputerscienceatUniversityofChicago,saysthatthesoftware,likealldigitalsecuritysystems,willneverprovidecompleteprotection.But,headdsthatitcanraisethebarandlimittheattacktoasmallergroupofindividualswithsignificantresources.AntiFakecanalreadyprotectshortervoicerecordingsagainstcloning.Thecreatorsofthetoolbelievethatitcouldbeextendedtoprotectlargeraudiodocumentsormusicfrommisuse.Butthemethodsandtoolsthataredevelopedmustbecontinuouslyadaptedbecausecybercriminalswilllearnandgrowwiththem.12.WhatistheprimarypurposeofAntiFake?A.Toimprovethequalityofsyntheticspeech. B.Toclonevoiceswithouttheowner’sapproval.C.Todetectdeepfakesaftertheyhavebeencreated. D.Tostopunapprovedspeechgenerationfromhappening.13.HowdoesAntiFakedifferfromthesetraditionalmethods?A.Itpreventsaudiodeepfakesinadvance. B.Itcannotdetectdeepfakesuntilcreated.C.Itonlyworksonshortvoicerecordings. D.Itreliesonhumanlistenerstoidentifydeepfakes.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Developersshouldfocusonshortvoicerecordings.B.Thebattleagainstdeepfakesrequiresongoingefforts.C.AntiFakeisineffectiveagainstadvancedcloningtechniques.D.AntiFakeprovidespermanentsolutionstothedeepfakethreat.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheFutureofVoiceTechnology. B.AMethodforDetectingAIDeepfakes.C.TheChallengeofTellingHumanVoices. D.ATooltoKeepAIfromStealingYourVoice.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。SignsofHealthyFriendshipsOnceinawhileit’shelpfultoseeifyourfriendshipisashealthyasitcanbe.Youmightgetusedtoafriendshipovertimetothepointwhereyoudon’tseetheroomforimprovement.Andsincegreatfriendshipsarepriceless,youshouldalwayssurroundyourselfwiththekindofpeoplewhowillliftyourspirits,makeyoulaugh,andremind(提醒)youthatyouareloved.____16____Herearecharacteristics(特征)thatstrongfriendshipsshare.____17____Friendsmakeyoufeelcomfortablewithyourself,soyoudon’tneedtoactlikesomeoneyou’renot.Yourfriendsknowyourshortcomingsandloveyouanyway.Youareperhapsthe“bestversion”ofyourselfwhenyou’rewithyourfriends.Ahealthyfriendshipincludesplentyofgentlehonesty.Truefriendswon’tpretendjusttoavoidanargument(爭論).____18____Asaresult,you’llknowwhereyoustandwithyourfriendsandwon’tbeafraidtoshareyourtrueopinions.Theyargueinahealthyway.Oneofthebiggestmisunderstandingsaboutgoodfriendsisthattheyneverfight.Butlet’sfaceiteveryonefights.____19____Infact,voicingyouropinionsfreelywillcauseyoutodisagreefromtimetotimeandthat’sokay.Healthyfriendshipsmeanyoucanbefriendswithsomeoneelse,too.____20____That’swhygreatfriendswillimproveyourrelationshipyetstillencourageyoutomeetpeopleandtrynewthingswithoutthem.Ahealthyfriendshipmeansthatsometimesthetwoofyouspendtimeapart,andthat’sokay.AArguingisn’tunhealthy.B.Isyourfriendshipashealthyasitcanbe?C.Goodfriendsdineouttogetherfromtimetotime.D.Goodfriendsarerealandhonestwitheachother.E.Withanunhealthyfriendship,youknowclearlythatsomethingis“off”.F.Evenifyouhavethebestfriend,itdoesn’thurttoexpandyoursocialcircle.G.Inapositivefriendship,yourfriendswon’tlietoyou,andtheywon’thurtyourfeelingseither.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IwaslivinginSaoPaulo,Brazil.Itisa____21____city,withmorepeoplelivinginitthaninmywholecountry.Werentedaflatinaguardedcommunity,buttherewasafavela(棚戶區(qū))quite____22____.ForseveralmonthsIdidn'thaveacar,sothreetimesaweek,Itookbusestogotothecitycentre.Duringthese____23____,Iwouldridewiththepeoplewhotookthesamebusfromthefavelatogotowork.WhenIgotonthebus,alltheseatswerealready____24____.Butwhenpeoplesawthatmybagwasheavy,theyofferedtoholditontheirlegstomakemefeellighter____25____.Atfirst,Iwas____26____.ThenIrealizedthatthesepeoplehadabsolutelyno____27____tostealfromme:theyonlywantedto____28____.Once,onmywayback,Ihadto____29____foralongtimeatabusstop.Iwasalone,exceptforawomanwhowas_____30_____verypoor.Shecarriedasmallpaperbagofpopcornandnothingelse.Whilewewerewaitingshewalkedoverand_____31_____mesomepopcorn.I_____32_____her,butdidn'twanttohelpmyselftoit.ShethenrepeatedlyinsistedthatItakefromwhatwasclearlyheronlyfood.ThatwasthefirsttimeIhadthoughtabouthowpeoplewhohavealmostnothingaresometimesableto_____33_____thelittletheyhavemore"_____34_____"thanthosewhoownalot.Iwonderifit'struethatthemoreyouhave,thebiggerthedifficultytoshareanythingwithothers.Iwassomovedbythatwoman'ssimplegenerositythatday.Iclearly_____35_____morethanshedid,butshenaturallyandjoyfullysharedwhatlittleshehadwithme.21.A.strange B.beautiful C.huge D.warm22.A.noisy B.similar C.crowded D.near23.A.experiences B.trips C.holidays D.weekends24.A.checked B.given C.taken D.emptied25.A.sitting B.standing C.walking D.carrying26.A.disappointed B.doubtful C.grateful D.satisfied27.A.intention B.patience C.chance D.way28.A.help B.leave C.greet D.change29.A.look B.ask C.wait D.sit30.A.obviously B.hardly C.usually D.especially31.A.bought B.offered C.sold D.made32.A.thanked B.refused C.visited D.promised33.A.sell B.need C.share D.appreciate34.A.anxiously B.politely C.skillfully D.easily35.A.spent B.won C.got D.had第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。It’swellknownthatMarch12thisChina’sannualNationalTreePlantingDay.Onthisday,peoplethroughoutChina,willtakespadesandbuckets(鏟子和水桶)aswellasyoungtrees,andgoout____36____(green)theirhometowns.Asamatter____37____fact,China’sTreePlantingDaycoulddatebacktoaproposal____38____(make)bySunYat-sen(孫中山)(1866—1925)andQingmingFestival(April5th)wasadopted(采納)asTreePlantingDaythen.However,April5thwasalatetimefortree-plantinginSouthernChina,soitwaschangedtoMarch12thinhonourofSunYat-sen,____39____passedawayonMarch12th.InFebruary1979,the5thNationalPeople’sCongressofPeople’sRepublicofChina____40____(announce)thatMarch12thwouldbetakenasTreePlantingDay,requiringthewholecountrytocarryouttreeplanting____41____(activity)onMarch12th.Inrecentyearsthetraditionoftree-plantinginthespring____42____(observe)byChinesepeople.Forthoselivinginthebigcities,NationalTreePlantingDayis____43____uniquemomentforcityskipping.____44____(apparent),itisconvenientforpeopletohaveaccesstonaturewiththeirfamilymembers.Aftertheirfieldworktogether,theygetmuch____45____(satisfy)frombetterenvironment.Theyalsoharvestcloserfamilyrelationsaswellasenthusiasmforthefuture.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你校將在下周六上午邀請著名宇航員Mr.Yang來做一場關(guān)于太空探索的講座。請你給你的留學生朋友Chris寫一封電子郵件，邀請他參加。內(nèi)容包括：1.郵件的目的；2.講座介紹；3.你的期待。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearChris,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Theclasswasover.Karlwasdelightedthathehadcreatedaverysatisfyingwork.Sohewalkedtothebackoftheclassroomtoputhisworkawaycarefully.There,lyingonthecarpetinfrontoftheclassroombookcase,wasagoldenticket!Karlpickeditup.Hisheartbeatfasterwhenhesawthatthenamelinewasblank(空白的).Hecouldn’tbelievehisluck!TheboysandgirlsinKarl’sclasscouldearngoldenticketsbydoingwellintheirstudyorbybeingextrahelpfulorkind.Onceaweektheirteacherdrewaticketoutofaboxonherdeskandletthewinnerchooseaprize.Todaywasthegoldenticketdrawing,andherewasanotherticket,justforhim!Karllookedaround.Nooneelsewasneartheticket.Allhisclassmateswereattheirdesks,laughingandtalkingwitheachother.MissEvanswasengagedingradingthepaperscollectedearlierinthemorning.Karldecidedtowritehisnameontheblankline.Thenhecouldputitintotheprizeboxwiththesixticketshe’dalreadyearned.Withsomanychances,oneofhisticketswouldmostlikelybepicked!Thenhecouldchoosethepinktoypigforhissister’sbirthday,justlikehehadbeenhoping.Hesmiledandreachedforthepencilinhispocket.Suddenlyhisfingersstopped.Therewasastrangefeelinginhischest,anditwasn’thisheartbeat.“Findersarekeepers,right?”,hewondered.Helookedoutofthewindowandtriedtofigureitout.Ontheonehand,hedidfindtheticket,buthehadn’tearnedit.Somebodymusthavelostit.Butontheotherhand,hedidneedthisextraticketforhisgreatplan!注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Paragraph1:Karllookedattheblanknamelineforamoment._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:“Karl,Iintendtogiveyouanotherticket!”MissEvanssaid._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2024~2025學年第一學期第一次質(zhì)量檢測高二英語考生注意：1.滿分120分，考試時間120分鐘。2.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑；非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。3.本卷命題范圍：人教版選擇性必修第一冊Unit1—Unit2。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A【1~3題答案】【答案】1.C2.C3.DB【4~7題答案】【答案】4.C5.D