2021年8月貴州省普通高中2022屆高三畢業(yè)班上學(xué)期開學(xué)摸底聯(lián)考(零模)英語試題及答案解析

絕密★啟用前貴州省普通高中2022屆高三畢業(yè)班上學(xué)期開學(xué)摸底聯(lián)考(零模)英語試題2021年8月考生注意：1.本試卷共150分。考試時間120分鐘。2.請將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhoisMartin?A.Theman'sbestfriend.B.Thewoman'scolleague.C.Thewoman'sbestfriend.2.What'stheman'sattitudetothewoman'srequest?A.Opposed.B.Approving.C.Uncertain.3.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwanttobook?A.Asingleroom.B.Adoubleroom.C.Aroomforfour.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atacinema.B.Atabank.C.Atalibrary.5.Whatwillthemandoduringthebreak?A.GotoGreece.B.Applyforajob.C.Cancelhispassport. 第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredidthewomangoyesterday?A.Tothegym.B.Tothepark.C.Tothesportscenter.7.WhatdidthemandolastSunday?A.HewatchedamatchonTV.B.Hewatchedamatchonthespot.C.Heplayedfootballandbasketball.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Embarrassed.B.Confused.C.Pleased.9.WhatpresentwouldAnnielikeaccordingtothewoman?A.Chocolate.B.Abook.C.Ahat.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.11.WhyisthemanmovingtoItaly?A.Towork.B.TolearnItalian.C.Tolookafterhisson12.WhatdoesMarydecidetodothisyear?A.TravelaroundVenice.B.GotoItalytovisithercousins.C.StayinParistocontinueherstudy.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatbrandofshoesdoesthewomanwantatfirst?A.ANTA.B.PEAK.C.LI-NING.14.Whydoesthewomanneedrunningshoes?A.Toexerciseattheclub.B.Toclimbthemountain.C.Torunaroundthestadium.15.Whatsizeofshoesdoesthewomanwear?A.36.B.37.C.38.16.Howmuchwillthewomanpayfortheshoes?A.￥200.B.￥300.C.￥400.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatwasthespeakerlikewhenhewasakid?A.Brave.B.Naughty.C.Shy.18.Whatcolourwasthetrafficlightwhenthespeakercrossedtheroadthatday?A.Red.B.Green.C.Yellow.19.Howdidthespeaker'sparentsreacttohismistake?A.Theyjustignoredhim.B.Theypunishedhim.C.Theyblamedandcomfortedhim.20.Whatdidthespeakerknowafterthemistake?A.Hisparentswereverycareless.B.Hisparentswereimpatientwithhim.C.Hisparents'wordsweremeaningful.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVolunteersNeededHSEisanonprofitorganizationsettocreateafreeonlineEnglish-learningplatformandboostconfidenceforallEnglishlearners.WewillhelpyoulearnandpracticeproductiveEnglishskillsbyconnectingyouwithnativeEnglishspeakersaroundtheglobeandstrengtheninginterculturalties.Thefollowingarepositionsavailablefornow.TutorWorkinglanguage:ChineseandEnglishCommitment:2hours/weekTutors'primarytaskistogivestudentsone-on-oneclasses.EachclassisconductedonWeChatandlastsfor30minuteslong.Duringclass，tutorswilldiscusskeytopicswiththestudentsaccordingtoourinternalmaterials.Afterclass，theywillsendbrieffeedbacktothestudent.EditorWorkinglanguage:ChineseandEnglishCommitment:2hours/weekEditorswillwrite，polish，andproofread(校閱)textasrequestedbyourmanagersineitherChineseorEnglish.SuchtextusuallyincludesclassmaterialsandtextcontentsabouttobepublishedonourWeChatOfficialAccount.TranslatorWorkinglanguage:ChineseandEnglishCommitment:2hours/weekTranslatorswilltranslateourinternaldocuments.Thesedocumentsusuallyincludevolunteerprofiles，interviewswithcollegestudents，andpromotioninformation.Youarefreetousetranslationdevicesorsoftwaretoachievegreaterefficiencyaslongastranslateddocumentsarefreeofsignificanterrors.AdministrativeAssistantWorkinglanguage:EnglishCommitment:1hour/dayManagestudentinformationbyorganizingtheinformationandupdatingprocessedinformationintheHSEVolunteersGroupChat.Managevolunteers'informationbyupdatingtheirstatus(active/inactive)andtheirrespectivestudents.Location:No.5ZhujiangWRd，TianheDistrict，Guangzhou，Guangdong510000，CNLookingforwardtoyourparticipation!21.What'sthegoalofHSE?A.TobuildaChinese-learningplatform.B.TohelpEnglishlearners.C.TomakeChinese-learningfree.D.ToearnmoneybyteachingEnglish.22.WhichpositionwillyouchooseifyouonlyknowEnglish?A.Tutor.B.Editor.C.Translator.D.AdministrativeAssistant.23.Whichofthefollowingisamustforthepositionoftheeditor?A.Workingtwodaysinaweek.B.Beinggoodatpublishingbooks.C.Doingthingsarrangedbymanagers.D.Doingwellinatleastthreelanguages.BHunterranhisfirst30kilometres.Itwasnoteasyforhim，buthemadeit.Monthsearlier，hewasn'tinanyconditiontorunfivemiles，letalone18.6miles，thedistanceofa30kilometres.Oneday，earlyinthemorning，mywifeLisadiscoveredthatourolderson，Hunter，hadbeenplayingvideogamessincehegothomefromschoolthepreviousday.Whatshefoundangeredbothofus.WeweresickoftheamountoftimeHunterspentplayingvideogames.Hewouldoftensleepuntil2:00p.m.onSaturdaysbecausehestayedupplayinggamesuntil3:00inthemorning.Driventobreakourson'slifestyle，wetriedseveraldifferentapproaches，likelimitingtheamountoftimehewasallowedtoplaygameseachday，butwecouldn'tfindanythingthatworkedconsistently.Healwaysseemedtogobacktothegame，especiallywhenwewerenottheretomonitorhim.It'snotthatI'magainstvideogames;Iamjustagainstplayingthemeverywakingmomentattheexpenseofexercise.Inanattempttoensurethatourkidsdidnotbecomeaddictedtogames，Icameupwithanidea:Gametimeinourhousewouldhavetobeearned，justlikemoney.Eachmilerunequals30minutesofvideo-gameplay.WeputnolimitonthenumberofmilesHuntercouldruninaday，sotheonlylimittotheamountoftimeheplayedwasbasedonhowfarhedecidedtorun.Thefirstcoupleofdaysdidn'tgoverywell.Huntergotsickoftheideaandrefusedtorunatall.Eventually，Hunterdecidedhewouldgiverunningashot.Itneveroccurredtohimthatrunningwasgivinghimasenseofpurpose.Hunterevenplannedtojoinamarathonandhopedtobecometheyoungestfamilymembertocompleteone.Itwasmyhopethatrunningteacheshimtoinvesthistimeinworthwhilecauses，notjustvideogames.Ineverwanthimtostopchallenginghimself.24.WhatdoweknowaboutHunter?A.Hewasdishonest.B.Hewasacademic.C.Hewaslazy.D.Hewasavideogameaddict.25.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsvideogames?A.Indifferent.B.Objective.C.Favorable.D.Opposed.26.HowdidHunterlikerunningintheend?A.Itwasmeaningful.B.Itwastiring.C.Itwasboring.D.Itwasskillful.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ToRunorNotB.AnAmbitiousRunnerC.FromtheScreentoRunningD.TheBenefitsofRunningCOneofElevenMadisonPark'smostsymbolicdisheshasbeenwholeroastedduck-it'saclassicoftherestaurant，andoneitsmostlong-standingoffering.Butwhentherestaurantreopensnextmonthaftermorethanayear，thatdish，andmanyothersithasbecomeknownfor，willnolongerbeavailable.Thethree-Michelin-starredNewYorkrestaurantwillbegoingcompletelyplant-basedwhenitreopensnextmonth，itannouncedMonday-becomingoneofthemostfamousrestaurantstodoso."I'mexcitedtosharethatI'vemadethedecisiontoserveaplant-basedmenuinwhichwedonotuseanyanimalproducts-everydishismadefromvegetables，bothfromtheearthandthesea，aswellasfruits，fungi，grains，andsomuchmore，"chefandownerDanielHummwroteinastatementontherestaurant'swebsite.Themovereflectsagrowingtrendinthefoodindustry，asmoreandmoreinstitutionsturntomoresustainableingredientsandfoodpractices.Epicurious，awell-knownonlinefoodpublication，announcedjustlastweekitwouldnolongerpublishnewrecipesthatincludebeef，sayingbeefproductioncreateslargequantitiesofgreenhousegasemissions.Asmoreplant-basedoptionshaveappearedonmenusacrossthecountry，gonearethedayswhenveganism(素食主義)werefringediets(邊緣飲食).Hummhaspreviouslysaidhebelievesthefutureofrestaurantsisvegan.InaninterviewwithNPR's"HowIBuiltThis"，Hummsaidthewaypeopleatemeatwasnotsustainable，similartothereasonsEpicuriousgave.Andthoughinhisstatement，Hummsaidherecognizedtheriskofmakingsuchamove，andhebelieveditwasworthit."Itistimetoredefineluxuryasanexperiencethatservesahigherpurposeandmaintainsagenuineconnectiontothecommunity，"hewroteontherestaurant'swebsite."Arestaurantexperienceisaboutmorethanwhat'sontheplate.Wearethrilledtosharetheincrediblepossibilitiesofplant-basedcuisinewhiledeepeningourconnectiontoourhomes:bothourcityandourplanet."ElevenMadisonParkisscheduledtoreopenonJune10fordining.28.Whywon'tEpicuriouspublishnewrecipesincludingbeef?A.Beefproductiondoesharmtotheclimate.B.Beefisnolongerpopularwithmostpeople.C.Beefisnolongerthelatesttrend.D.Beefcan'tmakeprofitsasbefore.29.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.MostofthecustomerssupportDaniel.B.Plant-basedrestaurantsarerare.C.Danielisanadvocateforveganism.D.Fungiarepopularwiththecustomers.30.WhatdoesHummthinkofthefutureofveganrestaurants?A.Optimistic.B.Challenging.C.Controversial.D.Doubtful.31.WhatiscertainabouttherestaurantafterJune10?A.Itscustomerscaneatmuchcheaperroastedducks.B.Itscustomerscaneatmoredeliciousbeeffood.C.Itwillbeclosedforever.D.Therewillbenoroastedducksanymore.DAsweallknow,Antarcticaissurroundedbyicebergsanditisthecoldest,driestandwindiestcontinentontheearth.However,thefinger-shapedpieceoficethatrecentlybrokeloosefromthewesternsideoftheRonneIceShelf-themostextensiveiceplatforms-isworthyofamention.Measuringapproximately105mileslongand15mileswide,itcoversasurfaceareaof1,660squaremilesandiscurrentlytheworld'slargesticeberg.ThemassivepieceoficefloatingintheWeddellSeawasfirstspottedonMay13,2021,byDr.KeithMakinsonattheBritishAntarcticSurveyandlaterconfirmedbyimagestakenbytheEuropeanSpaceAgency's(ESA's)Sentinel-IAsatellite.SincetheicebergislocatedinAntarctica'squadrantA(A象限)-theBellingshausen/WeddellSearegion-andisthe76thonenamedbytheUSNationalIceCenterscientists,itwascalledA-76.Researcherssaythatperiodic(周期性的)calvingoficebergslikeA-76isapartofaniceshelf'snormallifespanandmostlikelynotrelatedtoclimatechange.Theyconcludethatthemassivepiecewilldrift(漂移)throughtheSouthAtlanticforseveralyearsbeforebreakingintosmallerpiecesandmelting.Sincetheiceberghasalreadyreplacedthewateritwilladdtotheoceanasitmelts,itwillnotcontributetorisingsealevels.ThoughA-76isundoubtedlylargerthantheexistingrecord-holder-a1,540-square-mileicebergnamedA-23AthatisstillfloatingintheWeddellSea,itisnotthebiggesticeberginrecordedhistory.ThathonorgoestoB-15,whichmeasured4,200squaremiles-aboutthesizeoftheislandofJamaica-whenitbrokeoffAntarctica'sRossIceShelfin2000.32.WhatcanweknowabouttheRonneIceShelf?A.Itislikeafingerinshape.B.It'saveryextensiveiceplatform.C.It'sthelargesticeberginhistory.D.Itssurfaceareaisover1,660squaremiles.33.WhichofthefollowingcanmakesureA-76exists?A.Antarctica'screatures.B.Dr.KeithMakinson'sdiscovery.C.PicturesfromSentinel-1Asatellite.D.TheUSNationalIceCenterscientists.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"calving"meaninthethirdparagraph?A.Breaking.B.Finding.C.Disappearing.D.Forming.35.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.A-76willbecomewatersoon.B.A-76issmallerthanA-23A.C.A-23Acanstillbeseennow.D.B-15canstillbeseennow.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Oneofthequestionscommonlyaskedduringajobinterviewis,"Whatareyourgoalsforthefuture?"It'sagoodwayforemployerstodetermineifyourcareergoalsareagoodfitforthecompany.Plus,ithelpshiringmanagersmakesurethatyouactuallyhavesomegoals.36.Youdon'tneedtoknowexactlywhereyou'replanningtobeinfiveyears,butyouneedtobepointedinsomedirection.37.Asyouknow,newhiresareexpensivetotrain.Soifyouresigninahurry,they'llberightbackatsquareone(起點(diǎn)).Themostsuccessfulcandidatesaretheoneswhoseaimsareinlinewiththoseoftheorganization,eveniftheydon'tplantospendtheirentirecareerworkingforthesameemployer.38.Butit'simportanttoconveythatyourcareergoalsareconsistentwiththecompany'spath.Thebestwaytorespondtointerviewquestionsaboutyourgoalsforthefutureistofocusonthepositionandthecompanyyouareinterviewingwith.39.Knowingaboutthecompany'scultureandbusinesspracticeswillhelpyouemphasizeyourabilitytosolvetheirproblems.Don'tdiscussyourpersonalgoalsoutsideofwork,suchashavingafamilyortravelingaroundtheworld,inresponsetothisquestion.Thisinformationisnotrelevantandcouldknockyououtoftheopportunityforthejob.40.A.FewemployersexpectlifetimecommitmentB.YoushouldfocusonyourstronginterestinthepositionathandC.ItwillbearedflagifyourgoalshavesomethingtodowiththejobD.Employerswanttobesureyouwon'tmovetoanotherjobrightawayE.Thisiswhyit'simportanttodoyourresearchbeforeyouarriveforthejobinterviewF.Inotherwords,youranswerrevealswhetheryouhaveambitionandsometypeofplanG.Theemployerisinterestedinwhatyou'lllookforinyournextjobbutnotinprivatelife第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Onelatesummerafternoon,Edward,ateenager,hungoutwithhisfriends.Theyswaminthe41afteralongdayatschool.Theyhadwaterfights,swimmingraces,and42themselves.Justasthe43wentdown,whenEdwardwasabouttogohome,hisfriend44himtogoandswiminthedeeperendofthepond.Edwardknewsome45factsaboutit.Ithadmanydifferenttypesofalgae(藻類)and46watercurrents.Severalpeoplehad47thereassomerumors(謠言)said.Edwardwaswonderingwhattodonextwhenotherfriendsalsodaredhimto48there.Edwardwasabouttosay49,buthisfriendsaidthathewouldgivehimsomething50ifhedidit.Edwarddeclinedthedeal51andwasreadyto,home,butthentherestofhisfriendswerechanting(反復(fù)喊),"SWIM,SWIM"Edward52candy,evenatinyonewouldmakehimvery53.Also,hedidn'twanttobe54infrontofhisfriends.Sohewentintothedeeperend.Butassoonashedidthis,hestarted55.Edwardcouldswim,butnotthatwell.Heyelled,"HELP"Hisfriendstriedtocomeand56him,buttheyweretoofaraway.JustwhenEdward'slifeseemedalmostover,aworkercleaningupthepondareacametohis57.HepulledEdwardoutofthepondbyhisshoulder.Andhe58Edwardforattemptingsuchastupiddare.Edwardsaidhewouldneverforgetthe59andthathewouldkeepinmindthatalthoughswimmingisfun,60comesfirst.41.A.riverB.lakeC.pondD.sea42.A.lostB.enjoyedC.helpedD.applied43.A.windB.starC.moonD.sun44.A.opposedB.orderedC.daredD.persuaded45.A.worryingB.excitingC.disappointingD.confusing46.A.fineB.unusualC.smallD.unimportant47.A.livedB.traveledC.swamD.died48.A.walkB.swimC.runD.drive49.A.noB.helloC.thanksD.sorry50.A.cheapB.beautifulC.longD.sweet51.A.carefullyB.immediatelyC.easilyD.essentially52.A.lovedB.boughtC.madeD.sold53.A.surprisedB.puzzledC.happyD.angry54.A.mouth-wateringB.hard-workingC.underdogD.scaredy-cat55.A.runningB.laughingC.drowningD.crying56.A.excuseB.saveC.supportD.defeat57.A.rescueB.homeC.schoolD.friend58.A.praisedB.sympathizedC.scoldedD.forgave59.A.lessonB.wordC.knowledgeD.information60.A.instructionB.skillC.progressD.safety第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Breakinghabitsishard.Thisislargelybecauseweareconstantlyexposedtostimuli(刺激物),61takecontrolofthereward-basedlearningsysteminourbrainsdesignedinitiallyfor62(survive).Reward-basedlearning,toputit63(simple),involvesatrigger(誘因),followedbyabehavioranda