人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) Unit 1 Section A知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?SectionA一般過(guò)去時(shí)定義:表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：lastsummer/month/week/year/nightyesterday/yesterdaymorning/twodaysago/in2020/justnow/thedaybeforeyesterday不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式am/is—wasare—weredo/does—didgo—wentbuy—boughtswim—swammeet—metsee—sawtake—tookfeed—fedfeel—felthave—hadeat—ateride—rodeget—gotbring—broughtforget—forgotstay—stayedstudy—studiedstop—stoppedP11.--Wheredidyougoonvacation?--I(go)tothemountains.我去了山區(qū)。這是一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句,由特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞+其它?構(gòu)成。由于是詢問(wèn)已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,所以助動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式did,其后的動(dòng)詞用原形。gotothebeachgotothebeach/mountions/farm/library/去海邊/山區(qū)/農(nóng)場(chǎng)/圖書(shū)館gotosummer/winnercamp去夏/冬令營(yíng)gocamping去野營(yíng)gotoNewYorkCity去紐約市g(shù)otoCenteralPark去中心公園goonvacation去度假gotothemovies去看電影gotothemovies去看電影2.visit(拜訪)myunclevisit(參觀)museumsvisitor(游客)3.stayathome待在家stayuplate熬夜studyfortestsP2(2b)Didyougowithanyone?anyone復(fù)合不定代詞，意為“有人，任何人”，相當(dāng)于anybody,常用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，代替someone/somebody，肯定句中用someone。eg.Didanyonecallmejustnow?Someoneisknockingatthedoor.當(dāng)anyone/anybody表示“任何人”時(shí)，可用于肯定句。eg.Anyonecancomeheretoattendtheparty.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?adj.修飾anyone,someone,anything,something等不定代詞時(shí)，adj.要后置。eg.Didyoumeetanyoneinteresting? Didyoudoanythinginteresting?anything,something,nothing和everything是用于指代事物的復(fù)合不定代詞，與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的復(fù)合不定代詞anyone,someone,noone和everyone(anybody,somebody,nobody和everybody)用于指人。buysb.sth=buysth.forsb.給某人買(mǎi)某物eg.Mymotherboughtmeabicycle.=Mymotherboughtabicycleforme.P2(2d)Longtimenosee.好久不見(jiàn)。此句話用于交際用語(yǔ)中，是老朋友好久不見(jiàn)時(shí)的寒暄語(yǔ)。Didyougoanywhereintresting?somewhere意為“在某處”，常用于肯定句中，anywhere意為“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。everywhere意為“到處；各個(gè)地方”，相當(dāng)于hereandthere。Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.我們?cè)谀抢锱牧瞬簧僬掌?。quiteafew相當(dāng)多；不少修飾可數(shù)n.復(fù)數(shù)quitealittle許多修飾不可數(shù)n.quitealotof許多修飾可數(shù)n.復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)n.quitealot許多修飾v.takephotos拍照takeaphoto/photosofsb./sth給某人拍照quite相當(dāng)修飾adj.quitetired9.Notreally.=Notmuch./Nothingmuch.沒(méi)什么。10.mostofthetime意為“大部分時(shí)間”其中most為代詞，意為“大多數(shù)”。mostof...意為“……中的大多數(shù)”，其后既可以跟可數(shù)n.復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)n.也可跟代詞。它作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于mostof后的名詞或者代詞。eg：Mostofusaregoingtothepark.我們大多數(shù)人要去公園。Mostofthefoodgoesbad.大部分的食物都變質(zhì)了。most用作adj.意為“大多數(shù)的；大部分的”。eg：Mostchildrenlikeplayingfootballverymuch.大部分的孩子非常喜歡踢足球。P3(3a)11.復(fù)合不定代詞的用法thing(指物)one(指人)body(指人)wheresome某物/事某人某人某地any任何事任何人任何人任何地方every每件事每個(gè)人每個(gè)人到處no什么也沒(méi)有沒(méi)人沒(méi)人在這些復(fù)合不定代詞中，除noone以外，其他都要寫(xiě)成一個(gè)詞。不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。eg.Everyoneisexcellent.adj.修飾不定代詞，要放在其后(需后置)Iwanttodosomethinginteresting.nothing=notanythingeg.Iboughtnothing.=Ididn’tbuyanything.Iwouldlikesomethingtodrink.(v.不定式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞)12.Howdidyoulikeit?你覺(jué)得它怎么樣？常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方對(duì)某人或某事物的看法Howdoyoulikeit?Whatdoyouthinkofit?Howdoyoufeelaboutit?Howisit？13.Whydon’tyoudosth.?=Whynotdosth?14.goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing/camping15.Ofcourse.=Sure./Certainly.16.反身代詞的用法單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)myselfourselves第二人稱(chēng)yourselfyourselves第三人稱(chēng)herself/himself/itselfthemselves反身代詞多用于v.或prep后作賓語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)某人自己，反身代詞應(yīng)與自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致。eg.IteachmyselfEnglish.含反身代詞的常用詞組：teachoneself自學(xué)learn...byoneself自學(xué)……byoneself獨(dú)自enjoyoneself玩得高興，過(guò)得愉快helponeself隨便用/吃P3(3b)17.Theonlyproblemwasthattherewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.唯一的問(wèn)題是晚上除了讀書(shū)沒(méi)什么事可做。nothingmuchtodo意為“沒(méi)什么事可做”，其中todo作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾nothing.but作介詞的用法“除......之外”18.seem的用法seem作系動(dòng)詞,意為“好像；似乎；看來(lái)”,其后常接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。eg.Heseemsbored.seemtodosth.似乎/好像做某事eg.Heseemstokonweverything.Itseemsthat...看起來(lái)好像...eg.Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.19.形容詞的-ed與-ing形容詞的-ed形式用來(lái)修飾人/人做主；形容詞的-ing形式用來(lái)修飾物/物做主interestingboringexcitingsurprisingrelaxinginterestedboredexcite