專題03 閱讀理解（解析版）

專題03閱讀理解（2023年陜西省統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀理解（共15小題,計20分）第一節(jié):閱讀下面A、B、C三篇材料,從所給的四個選項中選出能回答所提問題或完成所給句子的一個最佳答案。（共10小題,計15分）ALiNaisamiddleschoolstudent.Lastterm,whileshewaswatchingaclothingshowonTV,akindoftraditionalclothescalledhanfucaughthereye.Howshewishedtohaveherownhanfu!Shetoldhermotherthatshewantedone.Hermomthoughtforawhileandsaid,“Youcanhaveoneifyoumakeprogressbytheendofthisterm.”Shefeltdisappointed（失望的）butdecidedtomakeit.Afterthat,shestudiedharderthanbefore.Whenevershefaceddifficulties,shetriedherbesttosolvethem.Sometimesshethoughtaboutgivingup,butshefoughton.Then,inthefinalexam,shemadegreatprogress.Andhermomwashappywithher.Finally,the“big”daycame.Whenshegothomeoneafternoon,shesawabeautifulbigboxonthetable:“Wow,hanfu!”Herwishcametrue.OnasunnySaturday,LiNaworeherownhanfutoaparkwithherfamily.There,alotofpeoplewereattractedbyherclothesincludingsomeforeignchildren.LiNaintroducedhanfutothemproudly.Shetoldthemthathanfu—asymbolofChineseculture,isgettingmoreandmorepopular.Thatday,sheenjoyedthebeautyofhanfuandexperiencedthetraditionalculture.Lookingbackatthepastdays,shethinksshehasgotalotmorethanthenewclothes.Wheneversheseeshanfu,itremindsherthathardworkcanhelppeoplegetwhattheywant.21.WhendidLiNawatchtheclothingshow?A.Lastyear. B.Lastterm. C.Lastmonth. D.Lastweek.22.WhatdidLiNadoatthepark?A.Sheintroducedhanfutothepeople. B.Shetookpartinahanfushow.C.Sheaskedhermomforhanfu. D.Shehelpedforeignchildrenputonhanfu.23.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat________.A.shehasgotabeautifulbigboxandhanfuB.besideshanfu,shehasmademoreforeignfriendsC.shehasreceivedmoregiftsfromhermomincludinghanfuD.shehasgothanfu,differentexperiencesandfeelings【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【導語】本文講述了中學生李娜很喜歡漢服，并向別人介紹漢服，同時她體驗了漢服傳統(tǒng)文化?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lastterm,whileshewaswatchingaclothingshowonTV”可知上學期她在電視上看了服裝秀。故選B?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LiNaintroducedhanfutothemproudly.”可知李娜在公園里向人們介紹漢服，故選A?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Lookingbackatthepastdays,shethinksshehasgotalotmorethanthenewclothes.Wheneversheseeshanfu,itremindsherthathardworkcanhelppeoplegetwhattheywant.”（回顧過去的日子，她覺得她得到的不僅僅是新衣服。每當她看到漢服，它就提醒她，努力工作可以幫助人們得到他們想要的。）可知此句是指李娜回顧過去的日子，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有漢服，有不同的經(jīng)歷和感受。故選D。BChemistryisusuallythoughttobemoredifficultthanothersubjects,atleastforthebeginners.Therearesomereasonsforthisidea.Foronething,chemistryhasaveryspecializedvocabulary（學科專用語匯）.Atfirst,studyingchemistryislikelearninganewlanguage.Also,someconcepts（概念）ofchemistryarehardtounderstand.However,withhardworkandcarefulstudy,youcanfinishthissubjectsuccessfully—andevenenjoyit.Herearesomesuggestionstohelpyoudevelopgoodstudyhabitsandbetterunderstandthetopicsinthebook:●Firstly,attendclassesontime.Listentoyourteacherandtakecarefulnotesinclass.Ifpossible,alwaysreviewthetopicsyoulearninclass,andreviewyournotesonthesameday.●Secondly,thinkcarefullywhetheryoureallyunderstandthemeaningofatermortheuseofanequation（方程式）.Agoodwaytotestyourunderstandingistoexplainaconcepttoaclassmateorsomeoneelse.●Thirdly,payattentiontothingswhichhavesomethingtodowithchemistryinlife.Watchordoexperimentsinclasscarefully.●Fourthly,questionoftenanddonotbeafraidtoaskyourteacherorclassmatesforhelp.Youwillfindthatchemistryismuchmorethannumbers,formulas（分子式）andequations.It’softenusedindailylifejustlikemathandphysics.Onceyoufallinlovewithit,you’llgetlotsoffun.24.Howmanysuggestionsdoesthewritergivethereaders?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.25.Thewriterthinksthatagoodwaytotestyourunderstandingoftheformula“H2CO3”isto________.A.writeitontheblackboard B.readitaloudinclassC.explainittosomeoneelse D.askothersthemeaningofit26.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Chemistryismoreoftenusedthanphysics.B.Someconceptsofchemistryarehardtounderstand.C.Studyingchemistryislikelearningourmotherlanguage.D.Chemistryisusuallythoughttobeasdifficultasothersubjects.27.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.differencesbetweenchemistryandphysics B.theimportanceofchemistryandphysicsC.whychemistryishardforbeginners D.howstudentsstudychemistry【答案】24.B25.C26.B27.D【解析】【導語】本文主要介紹了幫助學生養(yǎng)成良好的學習習慣，更好地理解化學的建議。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“●Firstly...●Secondly...●Thirdly...●Fourthly”可知作者給讀者4條建議，故選B?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Agoodwaytotestyourunderstandingistoexplainaconcepttoaclassmateorsomeoneelse.”可知作者認為測試你對“H2CO3”公式理解程度的一個好方法是向別人解釋它。故選C?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Also,someconcepts（概念）ofchemistryarehardtounderstand.”可知有些化學概念很難理解。故選B?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Herearesomesuggestionstohelpyoudevelopgoodstudyhabitsandbetterunderstandthetopicsinthebook:”可知本文主要介紹了幫助學生養(yǎng)成良好的學習習慣，更好地理解化學的建議，故選DCInventiveMindsInventionscanchangetheworld,youmaysay.Butdidyouknowweareinventorstoday?AndnowjustlikeOrvilleandWilburWright,Ourideasarestartingtotakeflight!Weallhaveinventiveminds.Wearethinkingofnewideasallthetime.Yes,kidshaveinventiveminds.Wearethinkingofnewideasallthetime.Yes,kidshaveinventiveminds.We’reusingthemev’rydayofourlives!WordsandmusicbySteveandKathyHoover*OrvilleandWilburWrightbrothersweretheinventorsoftheearlyplane.**Theword“flight”isthenoun（n.）formoftheverb（v.）“fly”.***Theword“ev’ry”standsfor“every”.28.Thistextwascreatedasa（n）_________.A.song B.diary C.play D.ad29.Fromwhatweread,weknowOrvilleandWilburWrightinventedtheearly_________.A.car B.ship C.plane D.train30.Whatistheauthors’realpurposeofcreatingthetext?A.ToteachEnglishtochildren. B.Tointroduceaninvention.C.TopraiseOrvilleandWilburWright. D.Toencouragechildrentobecreative.【答案】28.A29.C30.D【解析】【導語】本文作者以歌曲形式呼吁孩子們要有創(chuàng)造思維?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WordsandmusicbySteveandKathyHoover”可知歌詞和音樂由SteveandKathyHoover所寫，由此可知文章是一首歌。故選A。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“AndnowjustlikeOrvilleandWilburWright,Ourideasarestartingtotakeflight!(現(xiàn)在，就像Orville和WilburWright一樣，我們的想法開始起飛了!)”可推知Orville和WilburWright發(fā)明的是飛機。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Weallhaveinventiveminds.Wearethinkingofnewideasallthetime.Yes,kidshaveinventiveminds.Wearethinkingofnewideasallthetime.Yes,kidshaveinventiveminds.”以及通讀全文可知，本文作者以歌曲的形式呼吁孩子們要有創(chuàng)造思維。故選D。第二節(jié):根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（共5小題,計5分）Farmyardrobotscancutdownchemicalpollution.___31___?Manyofthemusechemicalstokillweeds(雜草).Thetroubleis,theseweedkillersalsokillwildlife,polluteriversandarebadforthefields.___32___.Thiskindofrobotcancutweedkilleruseby90%.Therobotisreallysmartbecauseitonlykillsweedsbutnotcrops(莊稼).___33___?Severalcamerasarebuiltintotherobot.Thecamerasfacingthegroundtakephotostohelptherobot“see”theplantsitpasses.Therobotcompareseachphototoalibraryofplantphotostodecideonwhichplantsareweeds.Robotarmsmoveintopositiontogiveasmalldose(劑量)ofweedkillerontheweeds.Therobotisenergy-friendly.___34___.HowtherobotwilldevelopThescientistsdonotwanttojuststopattheachievementtheyhavemade.___35___.Theimprovedmodelofrobotswillexactlydiscoverweedsanddigthemoutinsteadofweedkillers.Robotscouldbeprogrammedtoleavesomeharmlessweedsinthefieldstosupportwildlifelivingthere.A.ButscientistshavecreatedafarmyardrobotB.ItispoweredbytheenergyfromthesunC.WheretherobotisusedD.They’reworkingonthenewdesignstoimprovethemodelE.HowtherobotworksF.WhydofarmerschoosetherobottoworkintheirfieldsG.Howdofarmersusuallykillweedsinthefields【答案】31.G32.A33.E34.B35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹農(nóng)家機器人可以減少化學污染?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)“Manyofthemusechemicalstokillweeds(雜草).”可知，他們中的許多人使用化學藥品來殺死雜草，此處提到除田里的雜草，選項G“農(nóng)民通常怎樣除田里的雜草”符合語境，故選G?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)“Thiskindofrobotcancutweedkilleruseby90%.”可知，這種機器人可以減少90%的除草劑使用量，此處提到一種機器人，選項A“但是科學家們創(chuàng)造了一個農(nóng)家機器人”符合語境，故選A?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)后三段內(nèi)容可知，介紹這種機器人是如何工作的，選項E“機器人是如何工作的”符合語境，故選E?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)“Therobotisenergy-friendly.”可知，機器人是能源友好型的，選項B“它是由太陽能驅動的”符合語境，故選B?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)“Thescientistsdonotwanttojuststopattheachievementtheyhavemade.”可知，科學家們不想僅僅停留在他們已經(jīng)取得的成就上，此處提到科學家要繼續(xù)做的事，選項D“他們正在進行新設計以改進模型”符合語境，故選D。（2022年陜西省統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀理解（共15小題，計20分）第一節(jié)：閱讀下面A、B、C三篇材料，從所給的四個選項中選出能回答所提問題或完成所給句子的一個最佳答案。（共10小題，計15分）AIfsomeoneis2.57meterstall,wewouldsaythispersonissupertall.Canthispersonbethetallestonrecord?ThetallestmaninhistorywasRobertPershingWadlow.Hewas2.72meterstall!Whenhewasborn,hewasjustlikeotherbabies.Butashewasgrowing,hebecameunusualfromotherchildren.Let'stakealookatthetimelineofRobert'searlyyearsoflife:Childhood RobertPershingWadlowwasbornonFebruary22.Heweighedanormal(正常的)3.9kilograms.Whenhewassixmonthsold,heweighed13.6kilograms. Whenhewas18monthsold,heweighedalmost30kilograms. Robertwenttokindergarten-theplacelikeaschoolorclassforchildrenagedfive.Hewasalready1.7meterstall.Hecouldweartheclothesofa17-year-oldboy. WhenRobertwaseightyearsold,hewasover1.8meterstall. Robertcouldcarryhisfatherupthestairs(樓梯)oftheirhome.41.Howtallisthetallestpersoninhistory?A.2.57meters. B.2.75meters. C.2.27meters. D.2.72meters.42.InwhichyeardidRobertweighalmost30kilograms?A.In1919. B.In1923. C.In1926. D.In1927.43.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Robertwasjustlikeotherbabiesatbirth.B.Attheageofsix,Robertweighed13.6kilograms.C.Robertwas1.7meterstallwhenhewaseightyearsold.D.In1926,Robertcouldcarryhisfatherupthestairs.【導語】本文主要講述了歷史上最高的人RobertPershingWadlow的早年時間線。41．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThetallestmaninhistorywasRobertPershingWadlow.Hewas2.72meterstall”可知世界上最高的人是2.72米。故選D。42．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“1919Whenhewas18monthsold,heweighedalmost30kilograms”可知在1919年，當他18個月大的時候，他的體重將近30公斤。故選A。43．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenhewasborn,hewasjustlikeotherbabies”可知他出生的時候和其他的寶寶一樣。故選A。BChildcareServicesforParentsonHolidayONLYFORGUESTSSTAYINGATTHEHAPPYHOLIDAYSHOTELPARENTSwhowishtoleavetheirchildrenatthehotelwhentheygooutontheirowncanuseourchildcareservice.Justcalltheservicedeskatthehotelorcallusat16001235777(thiscallisfree).Oneofourchildcaretakerswillcontactyouinyourroom.Herearetheactivitiesyourchildrenmayenjoydoing:·playingboardgames·listeningtostories·readingbooks·playingcomputergames·singingsongsanddancing·paintingpictures·makingcraftmodelsYourchildrenwillbeinsafehands!Ourchildcareserviceisforchildrenofallages.PLEASECALLTHETOLLFREENUMBERTOFINDOUTMOREABOUTTHECOSTOFHIRINGACHILDCARETAKER.44.Whatkindofwritingisthetext?A.Email. B.Ad. C.Story. D.News.45.Howmanyactivitiesarelistedhereforthechildrentoenjoy?A.Nine. B.Eight. C.Seven. D.Six.46.Theunderlinedword“contact”probablymeans“_______”inthetext.A.writeto B.communicatewith C.learnfrom D.agreewith47.Whoisthetextwrittenfor?A.Childrenwhowanttoenjoythehotelactivities.B.ChildrenwhopassbytheHappyHolidaysHotel.C.ParentswhostayattheHappyHolidaysHotel.D.Parentswhoareverybusywiththeirwork.【導語】本文主要介紹了歡樂假期旅館提供的假期家長托兒服務。44．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了歡樂假期旅館提供的假期家長托兒服務，故文章是一則廣告。故選B。45．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Herearetheactivitiesyourchildrenmayenjoydoing:●playingboardgames;●listeningtostories;●readingbooks;●playingcomputergames;●singingsongsanddancing;●paintingpictures;●makingcraftmodels”可知一共有7種活動。故選C。46．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Oneofourchildcaretakerswillcontactyouinyourroom”可知一位兒童看護人將在你的房間與你聯(lián)系，故此處劃線部分意為“聯(lián)系，交流”。故選B。47．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ONLYFORGUESTSSTAYINGATTHEHAPPYHOLIDAYSHOTEL”可知文章是寫給入住快樂假期酒店的家長。故選C。CDoyouknowthewordmigrate?Itisawordusuallyusedtotalkaboutcertainanimalssuchasbirds,fishandsoon.Whenanimalsmigrate,theytravelalongwayfromonepartoftheworldtoanotheraccordingtotheseason.Forexample,swallows(燕子)migratesouthinwinter.Manyanimalsmigrate-theydothisoftenatthesametimeandtothesameplaceeachyear.Theymovetoplaceswhereconditionsarebetter–wheretheweatheriswarmer,wherethereismorefoodandwater,orwheretheiryoungwillbesafer.Peoplealsomigrate.Whenpeoplemigrate,theygotoliveinanotherareaorcountry,especiallyinordertofindwork.InEnglish,whenpeopleleavetheirhomecountryinordertoliveinanothercountry,weusethewordemigrate*insteadofmigrate.Frommigrateandemigratecomethewordsmigrationandemigration.However,ifpeoplemovefromtheirhomecountrytoanothertolivethereforever(永久地),thewordchangesfromemigratetoimmigrateintheEnglishlanguage.Thenthewordimmigrationisborn.Isn'tword-makingoftheEnglishlanguageinteresting?Andcanthisprocess(過程)offindingouttherelationshipsbetweenwordsandlearningtheminagrouporgroupsbeawayforyoutolearnthelanguage?

*BasedonLongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish,6thedition48.WhichofthefollowingsituationscanmatchthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Snakesmoveintoholestosleepinwinter.B.Fishswimtocleanwatersbecauseofpollution.C.Birdsflyveryfarawaytofindfoodandreturntogiveittotheirbabies.D.MonarchbutterfliesinNorthAmericaflysouthtostayawayfromthecold.49.Accordingtothepassage,ifpeople________,theyleavetheirhomecountrytoliveinanotherforever.A.travel B.migrate C.emigrate D.immigrate50.Thepassageiswrittento________.A.introducemigrationofanimals B.tellreadersawayoflearningEnglishC.showhowEnglishwordschange D.explainwhypeoplemigrate【導語】本文由動物遷徙引出了英語的造詞，告訴我們找出單詞之間的關系并在一個或多個小組中學習它們也可以是學習語言的一種方式。48．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Whenanimalsmigrate,theytravelalongwayfromonepartoftheworldtoanotheraccordingtotheseason”可知當動物遷徙時，它們會根據(jù)季節(jié)從世界的一個地方長途跋涉到另一個地方，故選項D“北美帝王蝶南飛避寒”符合第一段的主旨。故選D。49．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ifpeoplemovefromtheirhomecountrytoanothertolivethereforever(永久地),thewordchangesfromemigratetoimmigrateintheEnglishlanguage”可知如果人們從他們的祖國搬到另一個國家永遠住在那里，這個詞在英語中從emigrate變?yōu)閕mmigrate。故選D。50．主旨大意題。本文由動物遷徙引出了英語的造詞，告訴我們找出單詞之間的關系并在一個或多個小組中學習它們也可以是學習語言的一種方式。故選B。第二節(jié)：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（共5小題，計5分）EveryyearintheU.S.thereareabout500tornadoes,anaturaldisaster(災害;災難),fromTexasthroughOklahoma,Kansas,Nebraska,IowaandintoSouthDakota.51.The"tornadoseason"isusuallyinspring,butthepeopleinTornadoAlleyarealwaysreadyforthemandtheyalwayslistentothenews.Whenthewarmingscome,52.Theyfindsomewheresafetostay.Athome,thebestplaceisthebasement-aroomthatisusedtostorethingsundertheleveloftheground.Ifthereisnobasement,aroomwithoutwindowslikethebathroomisalsoasafeplace.“53sothatwecangetreadyandwon'tfeelafraidwhenthere'satornado,”saysTiffanyTaylor,ahighschoolstudentfromTexas.“There'snobasementatmyschool,soweusuallygotothehallwaysonthelowestfloors.Ofcourse,weneversitnearthewindows.”Afterthetornado,peoplefirstchecktoseeifitissafetogooutandthentheycheckthebuildingsandtheareafordamage(破壞).54!InChina,wearenotsooftentroubledbytornadoes,butwedohavedisasterslikeearthquakes,oranunexpectedfire.Itisimportanttoknowhowtokeepussafewhenadisasterhappens.Remember:inordertostaysafeinnaturaldisasters,55.Forexample,we’dbetterkeepdisasterplansinmindandpracticeoften.A.peoplefollowtheirdisasterplansB.AndusuallythereisalotofdamageC.ThisisbecausetherearealotoftornadoesD.Atschool,weoftenhavepracticeE.peoplerunoutoftheirhomeswithfearF.weshouldgetwellpreparedG.That'swhythisareaiscalled“TornadoAlley”【導語】本文主要介紹了龍卷風季節(jié)，以及龍卷風來臨時人們應該做什么。56．根據(jù)“thereareabout500tornadoes,anaturaldisaster(災害；災難),fromTexasthroughOklahoma,Kansas,Nebraska,lowaandintoSouthDakota”可知這些地方每年大約有500次龍卷風，后句對這個現(xiàn)象進行評價，選項G“這就是為什么這個地區(qū)被稱為“龍卷風巷””符合語境。故選G。57．根據(jù)“Whenthewarningscome”以及“Theyfindsomewheresafetostay”可知有警報時，人們會遵循自己的計劃，選項A“人們遵循他們的災難計劃”符合語境。故選A。58．根據(jù)“sothatwecangetreadyandwon’tfeelafraidwhenthere’satornado,”saysTiffanyTaylor,ahighschoolstudentfromTexas”可知此處說明的是在學校的情況，選項D“在學校，我們經(jīng)常有演習”符合語境。故選D。59．根據(jù)“peoplefirstchecktoseeifitissafetogooutandthentheycheckthebuildingsandtheareafordamage”可知此處說明龍卷風造成的破壞，選項B“實際上有很多的破壞”符合語境。故選B。60．根據(jù)“inordertostaysafeinnaturaldisasters”可知為了在自然災害中保證安全，應該做好準備，選項F“我們應該做好準備”符合語境。故選F。（2021年陜西省統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀理解（共15小題，計20分）第一節(jié)：閱讀下面A、B、C三篇材料，從所給的四個選項中選出能回答所提問題或完成所給句子的一個最佳答案。（共10小題，計15分）ACindywaseightyearsoldandlivedwithherparentsinCalifornia.Oneday,herparentstoldherthattheywouldleaveCaliforniainaweekandmovetoFloridabecauseherfatherfoundanewjobthere.Aweeklater,aftertheymovedtoFlorida,Cindy’smothertookhertomeethernewteacher.Theteachersaid,“Welcometoourschool,Cindy.Letmetellyouwhatwedoinoursecond-gradeclass.Westartthedaywithreadingandwriting.Afterthat,wedomath.Thenwegoouttohavealongrestforoutdooractivities.Weeatlunchateleveno’clock.Thenwehavestorytime.Afterstorytime,wehavescience.Thenwegotolearningcenters.Thereyoucanworkonthecomputer,playagame,orreadabook.Next,wehavespelling（寫字課）.Finally,wegotomusicandartclassesforthelasthouroftheday.Hereisatimelistofthesubjectsandschoolactivitiesforyou.Thereissomeotherinformationinit.I’llbegladtoseeyoutomorrow,Cindy!I’msureyournewclassmateswillbegladtoseeyou,too.”21．WhatgradewasCindyinwhenshemovedtoFloridawithherparents?A．InGradeOne. B．InGradeTwo. C．InGradeThree. D．InGradeFour.22．Accordingtothepassage,Cindywould________athernewschool.A．havemathbeforereadingandwriting B．dooutdooractivitiesafterlunchC．playgamesinlearningcenters D．takemusicandartclassesinthemorning23．WecanknowfromthepassagethatCindy’snewteacherwas________.A．friendly B．honest C．humorous D．quiet【分析】本文主要講述了Cindy因為父親工作變動而去到一座新的城市，媽媽帶她去見了新學校的老師，老師向她詳細介紹了學校生活的安排。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Letmetellyouwhatwedoinoursecond-gradeclass”可知，她在二年級，故選B。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thenwegotolearningcenters.Thereyoucanworkonthecomputer,playagame,orreadabook”可知，在學習中心可以玩游戲，故選C。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“I’llbegladtoseeyoutomorrow,Cindy!I’msureyournewclassmateswillbegladtoseeyou,too”可知，新老師很有耐心地向Cindy介紹學校的生活安排，并對于Cindy的到來表示歡迎，這些都可以看出老師很友善，故選A。BLookattheEarthfromspace.Whydoesourplanetlooksoblue?It’sbluebecausewatercoversalmostthreequartersoftheEarth’ssurface.Waterisnotjustanimportantpartofourplanet.Itisanimportantpartofourbody,too.Morethanhalfofourtotalbodyweightiswater.Ourbodyloseswaterwheneverweexerciseorgotothetoilet.That’swhyweneedtodrinkplentyofwatereveryday.Wedrinkwater.Weuseittocook,clean,andcarrywasteoutofourhomes.Farmersuseittogrowvegetablesandcropslikericeandcorn;factoriesuseittomakeproducts.Sincethe1950s,theamount（數(shù)量）ofwaterpeopleusehasincreasedbythreetimes.Butthewatersupply（供應）hasn’t.Scientistsworrythatsoontherewon’tbeenoughwaterforus,aswellasfortheanimalsandplantsthatshareourworld.Whatcanwedotohelp?Usewaterwisely.Havingenoughwaterisn’touronlyproblem.Wealsoneeditclean.Rightnow,shipsandfactoriesareputtingwastesintoseas,riversandsoon.Evenchemicalsthatfarmersusearerunningintoriversandlakes.Allthispollutioncanmakethewaterdangeroustodrink.Itcanalsoharmfishandotherwater-livinglives.Wemustdosomethingtostoppollution.It’sthebestwaytoprotectourworld’smostvaluablenaturalresource（資源）.24．HowmanyimportantareasofwaterarementionedinParagraph1?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.25．Theunderlinedsentence“Wealsoneeditclean”inParagraph4means”________.”A．Wealsoneedwatertowashthings B．WealsoneedwaterthatlookscleanC．Wealsoneedtokeepwaterclean D．Wealsoneedtodiscovercleanwater26．Thispassagewaswrittento________.A．a(chǎn)skpeopletovaluewater B．a(chǎn)dvisepeopletodrinkmorewaterC．introducetheusesofwater D．describethesituationofwatersupply【分析】本文介紹了水資源對我們的重要性，以及它現(xiàn)在所面臨的問題，呼吁人們要珍惜水資源。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Waterisnotjustanimportantpartofourplanet.Itisanimportantpartofourbody,too”可知，水不僅僅是地球的重要組成部分，它也是我們身體的一個重要部分；一共提到了兩個水資源的重要區(qū)域，故選B。25．句意猜測題。根據(jù)下文“Rightnow,shipsandfactoriesareputtingwastesintoseas,riversandsoon”可知，下文講述了水污染的情況，所以我們必須要保持水資源是干凈的，劃線句子與C選項的句子同義，故選C。26．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Wemustdosomethingtostoppollution.It’sthebestwaytoprotectourworld’smostvaluablenaturalresource”可知，作者的目的是讓人們珍惜水資源，故選A。CINTRODUCTIONIt’shardtobelievethatIwroteNumbertheStarsmorethantwentyyearsago.ItseemslikeyesterdaythatIansweredthephoneonasnowyJanuarymorningandreceivedthenewsthatithadwonthe1990NewberyMedal（美國紐伯瑞兒童文學獎）.Ithinkreadersofeveryagemaymatchthemselveswiththeimportantpersonsinthebookstheyloveandaskthemselves:WouldIhavedonethat?WhatchoicewouldIhavemade?Andten-theageofAnnemarieinNumbertheStars—isanagewhenyoungpeoplearebeginningtodevelopastrongsetofpersonalethics（道德觀;價值觀）....Theyarebeginningtorealizethattheworldtheyliveinisnotalwaysgoodandsafe.Sotheyfollowastoryaboutaten-year-oldgirlwhoiscaughtinadangeroussituation,andshemustmakedecisions.YoungreadersbecomecheerfulwhenAnnemarietakesadeepbreath,entersthewoods,facesthedanger,standsuptotheenemyandwinshervictory.Today,thebookhasbeenpublishedinmanycountriesandtranslatedintomanylanguages.Itfounditswayintothehandsandheartsofchildrenwhohadreadaboutbutneverexperiencedwar....Booksdochangelives,Iknow;andmanyreadershavetoldmethatNumbertheStarschangedtheirswhentheywereyoung,thatitmadethemthinkaboutbothcruelty（殘酷;殘忍）andcourage.“Itwassomethingthatshapedmyideaofhowpeopleshouldbetreated,”wroteayoungwomanrecently,tellingmeaboutherownfourth-gradeexperiencewiththebook.TheDanishfriendwhofirsttoldmethestoryofherchildhood,andwhobecametheAnnemarieinmybook,isanoldwomannow.SoamI.Webothlovethinkingofthechildrenreadingthestorytoday,comingtoitforthefirsttimeandrealizingthatonce,forashorttimeandinasmallplace,agroupofprejudice-free（不存偏見的）peoplecreatedatouchingstoryofloveandkindnesstowardsothers.LoisLowry27．Whatisthenameofthebookandwhoisthewriter?A．NumbertheStars;LoisLowry. B．NewberyMedal;LoisLowry.C．NumbertheStars;Annemarie. D．NewberyMedal;Annemarie.28．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutAnnemarie?A．ShecalledawriteronasnowyJanuarymorning.B．Shebecamecheerfulaftershereadthebook.C．ShewasagoodfriendofaDanishwoman.D．Sheexperiencedmanydifficultiesinawar.29．Manyyoungreaderstoldthewriterthatthebookmadethemthinkabout________.A．ethicsandfriendship B．enermyandvictoryC．crueltyandcourage D．lifeandmemories30．WhatcanweknowfromthisIntroduction?A．Thebookisaboutastoryofthewriter’sownchildexperience.B．Thebookiswell-receivedandpopulararoundtheworld.C．TheIntroductioniswritteninthevoiceofthethirdperson.D．TheIntroductioniscompleteandwecanreadallofit.【分析】本文是《NumbertheStars》的作者LoisLowry對于這本書的感悟。27．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“It’shardtobelievethatIwroteNumbertheStarsmorethantwentyyearsago”及落款“LoisLowry”可知，書名叫《NumbertheStars》，作者是LoisLowry，故選A。28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“YoungreadersbecomecheerfulwhenAnnemarietakesadeepbreath,entersthewoods,facesthedanger,standsuptotheenemyandwinshervictory”可知，Annemarie在戰(zhàn)爭中經(jīng)歷了許多困難，D表述正確，故選D。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“andmanyreadershavetoldmethatNumbertheStarschangedtheirswhentheywereyoung,thatitmadethemthinkaboutbothcruelty（殘酷;殘忍）andcourage”可知，這本書讓讀者們想到了殘忍和勇氣，故選C。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ItseemslikeyesterdaythatIansweredthephoneonasnowyJanuarymorningandreceivedthenewsthatithadwonthe1990NewberyMedal”可推斷，這本書在世界各地都很受歡迎，故選B。（2020年陜西省統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀理解（共15小題，計20分）第一節(jié)：閱讀下面A、B、C三篇材料，從所給的四個選項中選出能回答所提問題或完成所給句子的一個最佳答案。（共10小題，計15分）AComewithyourwholefamilyforafunrelaxingdayorweekend.Petandfeedtheanimals,rideorwalkaroundthefarm,anduseourgameroomandswimmingpool.Threedeliciousmealsareservedeachday.Openweekdays8A.Mto8P.M.andallweekend.ClosedMondays.395RiberaNorthRd.(847)233-678621.Thetextiswittenmainlyto__________.A.keepadiary B.sendapostcardC.introducethefarm D.remembertheaddress22.Atthefarm,peoplecan__________.A.rideandhaveawalk B.feedtheanimalsandpickfruitC.relaxandgofishing D.cookmealsandgoswimming23.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.BeautifulValleyFarmisat395RiberaSouthRoad.B.Youcanstayatthefarm24hoursadayonweekends.C.Youcanstayatthefarmat9intheeveningonweekdays.D.Toknowmoreaboutthefarm,peoplecancall(874)332-6876.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【解析】這篇短文是一個廣告，內(nèi)容是去一個美麗的山谷農(nóng)場參觀游玩。短文中介紹了這個農(nóng)場里一些好玩的項目、開放的時間以及聯(lián)系方式等信息。【21題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文的標題“BEAUTIFULVALLEYFARM”以及短文中“Comewithyourwholefamilyforafun,relaxingdayorweekend.”可知，這篇短文是一個廣告，目的是介紹一個農(nóng)場，讓人們?nèi)ツ抢镉瓮?。故選C。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文中“Petandfeedtheanimals,rideorwalkaroundthefarm,anduseourgameroomandswimmingpool.”可知，在農(nóng)場，你可以騎馬或者散步。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Openweekdays8A.Mto8P.M.andallweekend.”可知，周末這個農(nóng)場是全天開放的，你可以一天24小時待在那里，B選項符合文意。根據(jù)“395RiberaNorthRd.”可知A不對；根據(jù)“Openweekdays8A.Mto8P.M.andallweekend.”可知C不對；根據(jù)“(847)233-6786”可知D不對。故選B。BPeopleuselanguagestocommunicate.Anylanguagehasitswaystoexpresspeople’sminds.Oneofthewaysincommonistheuseofidioms.Anidiomisagroupofwords.Ithasaspecialmeaningthatisdifferentfromtheusualmeaning.Forexample,undertheweatherisanidiommeaningill.Sowhenpeoplesay“I’mundertheweather,