2024-2025學年外研社版高三（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（二）

第1頁（共1頁）2024-2025學年外研社版高三（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（二）一．選擇題（共5小題）1．（2020秋?南崗區(qū)校級月考）________eyesightforcedhimtoretireearly．（）A．Falling B．Failing C．Fading D．Fascinating2．（2023春?東麗區(qū)校級月考）Washyourhandswithhotsoapwaterbeforehandlinganyfood.（）A．regularly B．immediately C．instantly D．thoroughly3．﹣Whatdoyouthinkoftheplay？﹣.Ihaveseenittwice.（）A．Youcan'tpraisetheplayhighly B．It'sjustso﹣so C．Youcan'tpraisetheplaytoohighly D．Don'tmentionit4．（2016?廣陵區(qū)校級開學）Thevisitorslookedquite_________bythebeautifulviewatthetopofMountTai．（）A．tired B．impressed C．worried D．puzzled5．（2023秋?寶安區(qū)校級期末）Rosiehasacollectionoffurrytoys.Ifyouyouask，she'dliketosharesomewithyou.（）A．vivid B．massive C．intense D．permanent二．完形填空（共1小題）6．（2024?新會區(qū)校級二模）Spanishclassscaredmeinthefreshmanyear.IknewlittleSpanishbeforestartingtheclass，andIthoughtitwouldbe（1）forme.However，Mary，ourhonoredSpanishteacher，whowasfullofcreativity，madeherclassfunfromthebeginning.Iknewwhattoexpectwithascheduleforeachweek，buttherewasalwayssomeslight（2）.Beforetheexam，Maryoftenaskedusto（3）ourlessonsbyourselves.ButIcouldrememberonedayshesaid，"Thistime，let'splayagamebeforegoingoverwhatyou'velearned."Thegamewassointerestingthatweall（4）ourselves.Aftertheexam，Marygaveusopportunitiestomakeupforour（5）.Aftereacherrorcorrection，shewouldcheckagain.Shetookthingsso（6）thatshewouldn'toverlookanydetail.Nowondershewas（7）byus.Marywas（8）andwillingtohelp，withinreason，oneverything.Wecouldaskherquestionsatanytime.SheencouragedeveryonetospeakSpanishinclass.Becauseofthat，Iwas（9）enough，andthenIcouldcommunicatewithSpanishspeakersoutsideofclass.Whensheknewourproblems，shewouldgiveadvice.Whensomeonewasstruggling，shewould（10）.Mary's（11）teachingeventuallytransformedmy（12）intofascination.Sheinfused（灌輸）foreigncultureintolessons，usingmusicanddanceto（13）ourlanguageskills.Herpersonalizedattentiontoeachstudent'sneedsfostereda（n）（14）environment.Attheendoftheterm，mySpanishimproved，andmyconfidencesoared.Maryleftalastingimpactonmy（15）fornewchallenges.（1）A.excitingB.easyC.boringD.beneficial（2）A.variationB.disturbanceC.annoyanceD.inconvenience（3）A.explainB.describeC.prepareD.review（4）A.challengedB.enjoyedC.trustedD.developed（5）A.experienceB.timeC.lossesD.mistakes（6）A.seriouslyB.roughlyC.modestlyD.curiously（7）A.amusedB.respectedC.judgedD.spotted（8）A.understandingB.humbleC.athleticD.courageous（9）A.discouragedB.suspectedC.heartenedD.comforted（10）A.standoutB.reachoutC.getaroundD.getby（11）A.passiveB.conventionalC.voluntaryD.innovative（12）A.fearB.sorrowC.angerD.confusion（13）A.knowB.matchC.enhanceD.assess（14）A.secureB.supportiveC.economicD.competitive（15）A.pityB.profitC.debateD.desire三．閱讀理解（共2小題）7．（2023秋?內(nèi)江期末）In2015，Chennaiwasdestroyedbyoneoftheworstfloodsinoveracentury，leavingthousandswithoutfood，waterandsupplies．Duringtheflood，manyheroesarose，oneofwhomwasSantosh，ayoungmanwhoownedatakeoutrestaurantinChennai．WhenthefirstfloodhitinNovember，hegotacallfromacompanycalledNagaRava．Thecompanyaskedhimtoprepare5，000packetsoffoodandgivethemtothefloodvictims（受害者）．He，withhispartners，tooktheorder，cookedfor14hoursanddeliveredthem．Butthatnight，astheysattogetherdiscussingtheeventoftheday，theyactuallyfeltashamed（羞愧）．"HerewasamannotevenfromChennaiandhewasgoingoutofhiswaytohelptheaffectedpeople．We，whilelivinghere，hadnotreallydoneanythingourselvesforourownpeople，"saidSantoshlater．Hethenbeganthegroundworkforacollectiontohelpcookmoredishes．LittledidheknowthattheNovemberfloodwasjustthebeginning，andtherealshowwasabouttobegin．TheDecemberfloodaffectedthemall．Hisownhousegotfloodedandhisfamilywastrappedonthesecondfloor．Theylostphoneconnectionandelectricity．Inspiteofthis，Santoshwentbackoutintotheflood，creatingakitchenandpreparingfoodallbyhimselfforthevictims．Hedidnotsleepforfourdays，takingaone﹣hourbreakeverydayashekeptoncooking．Aswordgotoutaboutthisman'seffort，otherssteppedouttojoinhim．Fromchildrentotheelderly，strangerscametoaidhimincooking，packingandtransportingfood．Upto300volunteersworkedtogethertomakeitallhappen．Bythetimethefourthdayfinallycametoanend，Santoshandhisteamhadprepared170，000foodboxesanddeliveredthemtopeopleinneed．（1）WhatinspiredSantoshtohelptheaffectedpeople？A．Acallforhelp．B．Hiscookingskills．C．Anactofkindnessofastranger．D．Theencouragementfromhispartners．（2）Whatdoes"therealshow"inthethirdparagraphreferto？A．Thehelpandsupport．B．Thesevererflood．C．Santosh'sfamilysuffering．D．Santosh'scookingmorefood．（3）WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSantosh？A．Humorousandhelpful．B．Determinedandclever．C．Selflessandcaring．D．Kindandwise．（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A．ManyHandsMakeLightWorkB．KindnessIsItsOwnRewardC．MajorFloodsBroughtChallengesToPeopleD．AManCooked170，000MealsForTheAffected8．Asglobaltemperaturesrise，treesaroundtheworldareexperiencinglongergrowingseasons，sometimesasmuchasthreeextraweeksayear.Allthattimehelpstreesgrowfaster.Forthepast100years，treeshavebeenexperiencingfastgrowthintemperateregionsfromMarylandtoFinland，toCentralEurope，wherethegrowthrateofsometreeshasevenspedupnearly77%since1870.Assumingwoodisjustasstrongtoday，thosegainswouldmeanmoretimber（木材）forbuilding，burning，andstoringcarboncapturedfromtheatmosphere.Butiswoodreallyasdenseasitusedtobe？HansPretzsch，aforestscientistattheTechnicalUniversityofMunichinGermany，andhiscolleagueswantedtofindananswer.TheycarriedoutastudyoftheforestsofCentralEurope.Theystartedwith41experimentalplotsinsouthernGermany，someofwhichhavebeencontinuouslymonitoredsince1870.Pretzschandhisteamtookcoresamplesfromthetrees﹣whichincludedNorwayspruce，sessileoak，Europeanbeech，andScotspine﹣andanalyzedthetreeringsusingahigh﹣frequencyprobe.Theyfoundthatinallfourspecies，wooddensityhasdecreasedby8%to12%，theyreportonlineinForestEcologyandManagement."Weexpectedatrendofthewooddensitylikethis，butnotsuchastrongandsignificantdecrease，"Pretzschsays.Increasingtemperatures，andthefastergrowththeyspur，probablyaccountforsomeofthedrop.Anotherfactor，Pretzschsays，ismorenitrogeninthesoilfromagriculturalfertilizer（化肥）andvehicleexhaust.Previousstudieshavelinkedincreasedfertilizerusetodecreasedwooddensity.Aboveall，thestudysuggeststhatthehighertemperatures﹣combinedwithpollutionfromautoexhaustandfarms﹣aremakingwoodweaker，resultingintreesthatbreakmoreeasilyandwoodthatislessdurable."Iamgettingworried，"saysRichardHoughton，anecologistattheWoodsHoleResearchCenterinFalmouth，Massachusetts，whowasnotpartofthenewstudy.Asthedensityofthesamplesdropped，sodidtheircarboncontent，byabout50%.Thatmeansforestsmaysuffermoredamagefromstormsandmaybelessefficientatsoakingupthegreenhousegascarbondioxide（CO2）thanscientistshadthought，Houghtonsays.（1）Paragraph1iswrittento.A．proveanideaB．introduceatopicC．giveanexampleD．describeafact（2）Thestudyoftheforestsshows.A．farmingslowstrees'growthB．moreareasarecoveredwithforestsC．warmingchangesthequalityofwoodD．pollutionleadstohighertemperatures（3）WhatHoughtonsayssuggests.A．greatlossmightbecausedB．stormdamagecanbepreventedC．thesizeofforestsmightbeincreasedD．lessgreenhousegasescanbesentout（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？A．WeonlyhaveoneearthB．Trees﹣ourbestfriendsC．TheinfluenceofclimatechangeD．Treesaregettingbigger，butweaker四．其他閱讀題型（共1小題）9．（2023秋?天津期末）Iwasstillafreshgraduatefromhighschool；Igotachancetowork.Duringmyfirstdayofwork，Icameearly.Iwasthefirstonetoarriveintheoffice.Perhapsitwasduetoexcitement，Ihadperformedwellinmygiventasks.Everythingwentsmoothlyinmywork.ThepassionwhenIstartedwasstillthesamepassionIamfeelinguntilnow.Furthermore，Ididn'tforgettodowellinmystudies.Infact，Istillmanagedtoreviewmynotes，tobecomeactiveinclassesandtoscorehighintests.IhadlearnednewthingsasIstartedworkingthere.DealingandinteractingwithpeopleweresomeoftheremarkablelearningIhad.Moreover，itwasalsoveryfulfillingwhenIhadhelpedmyparentsdiminishtheirfinancesinmyownways.Itisnotthateasytostudywhileworking.Therearetrulypressuresinbetweenthem.Sometimes，deadlinesoftheschoolprojectanderrands（差事）fromthebossgotogether.Sometimes，therearemisunderstandingsbetweencolleagues.Therearejustsomesacrificesandchallengesofbecomingaworkingstudent.Yet，itismywillandIamveryhappywithitbecauseIamlearningandgrowing.Theysay，"Youcan'tservetwomastersatatime."Itispossible，butitisachallenge.IknowthatIcanbalancestudiesandwork.Moreover，IknowthatIcanstillkeepmyrelationshipswithmyfamily，friendsandlovedones.IknowthatIcanstillsharemytalentsdespitemybusylife.Ijustenjoyeverythingbecauseeverymomentofbeingaworkingstudentisatrulyremarkableexperience.（1）Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromworkaccordingtothetext？（nomorethan5words）（2）Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"diminish"inParagraph2？（oneword）（3）Whyisitnoteasyfortheauthortostudywhileworking？（nomorethan10words）（4）Whyistheauthorsatisfiedwithhisbecomingaworkingstudent？（nomorethan8words）（5）Wouldyouliketobeaworkingstudent？Whyorwhynot？（nomorethan30words）五．書面表達（共1小題）10．（2023秋?寧城縣期末）假設(shè)你是新華中學的高一學生李津，你的美國筆友Chris向你詢問你校社團活動情況．正值你校社團納新，請?zhí)暨x一個你自己心儀的社團（戲劇社、音樂社、辯論社或羽毛球社），并用英語給Chris回復(fù)郵件．郵件包括以下內(nèi)容：1．簡要描述你校社團活動情況（社團種類；活動時間……）；2．選擇你要加入的社團并陳述原因；3．表達想要了解Chris學校社團情況的愿望．注意：（1）詞數(shù)不少于100；開頭及結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；（2）可以適當增加細節(jié)，使行文連貫．參考詞匯：納新takeinnewmembers戲劇社dramaclub辯論社debateclub羽毛球社badmintonclubDearChris，Gladtohearfromyouagain．_____Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou．Yours，LiJin

2024-2025學年外研社版高三（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（二）參考答案與試題解析題號12345答案BDCBB一．選擇題（共5小題）1．（2020秋?南崗區(qū)校級月考）________eyesightforcedhimtoretireearly．（）A．Falling B．Failing C．Fading D．Fascinating【答案】B【分析】視力下降迫使他提前退休。【解答】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，可知"______eyesight"在句中作主語，從選項可知這些動詞使用現(xiàn)在分詞進行形容詞化才能夠修飾主語eyesight；falling下降的；failing衰退的；fading使褪色的；fascinating使著迷的，根據(jù)句意理解，是指視力衰退的意思，而非下降，應(yīng)該填failing。故選：B?！军c評】注意句意理解，準確進行詞匯辨析。2．（2023春?東麗區(qū)校級月考）Washyourhandswithhotsoapwaterbeforehandlinganyfood.（）A．regularly B．immediately C．instantly D．thoroughly【答案】D【分析】在處理任何食物之前，用熱肥皂水徹底洗手。【解答】A．regularly有規(guī)律地；經(jīng)常；B．immediately立即；馬上C．instantly立刻；立即；馬上；D．thoroughly非常；徹底地。分析句子，結(jié)合句意，在處理任何食物之前，用熱肥皂水徹底洗手。D符合語意。故選：D?！军c評】此題考查副詞詞義辨析，在本類型題的解題過程中需要明確句子的大概意思，明確辨析出各個副詞的含義。3．﹣Whatdoyouthinkoftheplay？﹣.Ihaveseenittwice.（）A．Youcan'tpraisetheplayhighly B．It'sjustso﹣so C．Youcan'tpraisetheplaytoohighly D．Don'tmentionit【答案】C【分析】﹣你覺得這出戲怎么樣？﹣你對這出戲再怎么贊揚也不為過。我已經(jīng)看過兩次了?！窘獯稹緼．Youcan'tpraisetheplayhighly你不能高度贊揚這出戲。B．It'sjustso﹣so只是一般而已。C．Youcan'tpraisetheplaytoohighly你對這出戲再怎么贊揚也不為過。D．Don'tmentionit別客氣。結(jié)合句意，﹣你覺得這出戲怎么樣？﹣你對這出戲再怎么贊揚也不為過。我已經(jīng)看過兩次了。C符合語意。故選：C。【點評】做題時，分析句子，結(jié)合句意和選項做出判斷。4．（2016?廣陵區(qū)校級開學）Thevisitorslookedquite_________bythebeautifulviewatthetopofMountTai．（）A．tired B．impressed C．worried D．puzzled【答案】B【分析】游客們對泰山頂上的美景印象深刻．【解答】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析．A項意為"疲勞的"；B項意為"印象深刻的"；C項意為"擔心的"；D項意為"擔心的"，根據(jù)句意和各個選項可知答案．故選：B．【點評】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析，考生在平時的學習中應(yīng)注意積累相應(yīng)的詞匯和搭配，并牢記其意思．在做題時，將詞義和題干相結(jié)合，從語法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)尤其是句意上去判斷，句意通順，符合邏輯，即正確答案．5．（2023秋?寶安區(qū)校級期末）Rosiehasacollectionoffurrytoys.Ifyouyouask，she'dliketosharesomewithyou.（）A．vivid B．massive C．intense D．permanent【答案】B【分析】羅西收集了大量的毛絨玩具。如果你問，她愿意和你分享一些.?！窘獯稹看鸢福築.A.vivid生動的；鮮明的；鮮艷的；B.massive大量的；巨大的，厚重的；魁偉的；C.intense強烈的；緊張的；非常的；熱情的；D.permanent永久的，永恒的；不變的，根據(jù)意思B正確，故選：B?！军c評】此題考查形容詞詞義辨析，在本類型題的解題過程中需要明確句子的大概意思，明確辨析出各個形容詞的含義。二．完形填空（共1小題）6．（2024?新會區(qū)校級二模）Spanishclassscaredmeinthefreshmanyear.IknewlittleSpanishbeforestartingtheclass，andIthoughtitwouldbe（1）Cforme.However，Mary，ourhonoredSpanishteacher，whowasfullofcreativity，madeherclassfunfromthebeginning.Iknewwhattoexpectwithascheduleforeachweek，buttherewasalwayssomeslight（2）A.Beforetheexam，Maryoftenaskedusto（3）Dourlessonsbyourselves.ButIcouldrememberonedayshesaid，"Thistime，let'splayagamebeforegoingoverwhatyou'velearned."Thegamewassointerestingthatweall（4）Bourselves.Aftertheexam，Marygaveusopportunitiestomakeupforour（5）D.Aftereacherrorcorrection，shewouldcheckagain.Shetookthingsso（6）Athatshewouldn'toverlookanydetail.Nowondershewas（7）Bbyus.Marywas（8）Aandwillingtohelp，withinreason，oneverything.Wecouldaskherquestionsatanytime.SheencouragedeveryonetospeakSpanishinclass.Becauseofthat，Iwas（9）Cenough，andthenIcouldcommunicatewithSpanishspeakersoutsideofclass.Whensheknewourproblems，shewouldgiveadvice.Whensomeonewasstruggling，shewould（10）B.Mary's（11）Dteachingeventuallytransformedmy（12）Aintofascination.Sheinfused（灌輸）foreigncultureintolessons，usingmusicanddanceto（13）Courlanguageskills.Herpersonalizedattentiontoeachstudent'sneedsfostereda（n）（14）Benvironment.Attheendoftheterm，mySpanishimproved，andmyconfidencesoared.Maryleftalastingimpactonmy（15）Dfornewchallenges.（1）A.excitingB.easyC.boringD.beneficial（2）A.variationB.disturbanceC.annoyanceD.inconvenience（3）A.explainB.describeC.prepareD.review（4）A.challengedB.enjoyedC.trustedD.developed（5）A.experienceB.timeC.lossesD.mistakes（6）A.seriouslyB.roughlyC.modestlyD.curiously（7）A.amusedB.respectedC.judgedD.spotted（8）A.understandingB.humbleC.athleticD.courageous（9）A.discouragedB.suspectedC.heartenedD.comforted（10）A.standoutB.reachoutC.getaroundD.getby（11）A.passiveB.conventionalC.voluntaryD.innovative（12）A.fearB.sorrowC.angerD.confusion（13）A.knowB.matchC.enhanceD.assess（14）A.secureB.supportiveC.economicD.competitive（15）A.pityB.profitC.debateD.desire【答案】見試題解答內(nèi)容【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在大一西班牙語課上的經(jīng)歷。最初，作者對這門課程感到害怕，因為自己幾乎不懂西班牙語。然而，富有創(chuàng)意的西班牙語老師Mary通過有趣的教學方法和個性化的關(guān)注，使課堂變得生動有趣。她不僅在考試前用游戲幫助學生復(fù)習，還提供了改正錯誤的機會，并注重細節(jié)。此外，Mary鼓勵學生在課堂上講西班牙語，幫助作者提高了與母語為西班牙語的人交流的能力。最終，Mary的教學方式將作者的恐懼轉(zhuǎn)化為了興趣，極大地提升了作者的西班牙語水平和自信心。【解答】（1）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.exciting令人激動地；B.easy容易的；C.boring無聊的；D.beneficial有益的。句意：在開始上課之前，我?guī)缀醪欢靼嘌勒Z，我想這對我來說會很無聊。根據(jù)上文"IknewlittleSpanish"可知，作者語言不通，感到上課無聊。故選C。（2）考查名詞及語境理解。A.variation變化；B.disturbance干擾；C.annoyance煩惱；D.inconvenience不方便。句意：我知道每周的日程安排會發(fā)生什么，但總會有一些細微的變化。根據(jù)上文"Iknewwhattoexpectwithascheduleforeachweek，buttherewasalwayssomeslight"中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明雖然知道日程安排，但總是會有一些細微的變化。故選A。（3）考查動詞及語境理解。A.explain解釋；B.describe描述；C.prepare準備；D.review復(fù)習。句意：考前，瑪麗經(jīng)常讓我們自己復(fù)習功課。根據(jù)后文"beforegoingoverwhatyou'velearned'可知，老師讓他們復(fù)習功課。故選D。（4）考查動詞及語境理解。A.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；B.enjoyed欣賞；C.trusted信任；D.developed發(fā)展。句意：游戲很有趣，我們都玩得很開心。根據(jù)上文"Thegamewassointerestingthatweall"可知，游戲有趣，他們玩得高興，短語enjoyoneself。故選B。（5）考查名詞及語境理解。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.time時間；C.losses損失；D.mistakes錯誤。句意：考試后，瑪麗給了我們彌補錯誤的機會。根據(jù)后文"Aftereacherrorcorrection，shewouldcheckagain.（每次改正錯誤后，她都會再檢查一遍）"指老師讓學生糾錯。故選D。（6）考查副詞及語境理解。A.seriously認真地；B.roughly大概；C.modestly謙虛地；D.curiously好奇地。句意：她對待事情非常認真，以至于她不會忽視任何細節(jié)。根據(jù)后文"shewouldn'toverlookanydetail'"可知，不忽視細節(jié)說明對待事情認真。故選A。（7）考查動詞及語境理解。A.amused娛樂；B.respected尊重；C.judged判斷；D.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)。句意：難怪她受到我們的尊敬。根據(jù)上文的描述可知，瑪麗老師做事認真，得到了學生的尊敬和喜愛。故選B。（8）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.understanding理解的；B.humble謙虛的；C.athletic運動的；D.courageous勇敢的。句意：瑪麗通情達理，愿意在合理的范圍內(nèi)幫助任何事情。根據(jù)后文"andwillingtohelp，withinreason，oneverything"可知，瑪麗老師通情達理，愿意提供幫助。故選A。（9）考查動詞及語境理解。A.discouraged使沮喪；B.suspected懷疑；C.heartened激勵；D.comforted安慰。句意：正因為如此，我很有信心，然后我可以在課外和說西班牙語的人交流。根據(jù)上文"SheencouragedeveryonetospeakSpanishinclass.（她鼓勵大家在課堂上說西班牙語）"可知，作者得到了老師的激勵。故選C。（10）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.standout突出；B.reachout伸出手；C.getaround四處走動；D.getby維持生計。句意：當有人掙扎時，她會伸出手來。根據(jù)上文"Whensheknewourproblems，shewouldgiveadvice.（當她知道我們的問題時，她會給出建議）"可知，瑪麗樂于助人，有人有困難，她愿意伸出援手。故選B。（11）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.passive被動的；B.conventional傳統(tǒng)的；C.voluntary志愿的；D.innovative創(chuàng)新的。句意：瑪麗的創(chuàng)新教學最終把我的恐懼變成了迷戀。根據(jù)上文"However，Mary，ourhonoredSpanishteacher，whowasfullofcreativity（然而，我們尊敬的西班牙語老師瑪麗，她充滿了創(chuàng)造力）"可知，瑪麗的教學是創(chuàng)新的。故選D。（12）考查名詞及語境理解。A.fear恐懼；B.sorrow悲傷；C.anger憤怒；D.confusion困惑。句意：瑪麗的創(chuàng)新教學最終把我的恐懼變成了迷戀。根據(jù)上文"Spanishclassscaredmeinthefreshmanyear.（大一時的西班牙語課把我嚇壞了）"可知，作者一開始害怕西班牙語課。故選A。（13）考查動詞及語境理解。A.know知道；B.match匹配；C.enhance加強；D.assess評估。句意：她把外國文化融入到課程中，用音樂和舞蹈來提高我們的語言技能。根據(jù)后文"ourlanguageskills"可知，把外國文化融入到課程中，用音樂和舞蹈是為了提高我們的語言技能。故選C。（14）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.secure穩(wěn)固的；B.supportive支持的；C.economic經(jīng)濟的；D.competitive比賽的。句意：她對每個學生的個性化關(guān)注培養(yǎng)了一個良好的支持性環(huán)境。根據(jù)上文"Herpersonalizedattentiontoeachstudent'sneeds"可知，老師關(guān)注每一個學生，即支持學生、關(guān)注學生培養(yǎng)了一個良好的支持性環(huán)境。故選B。（15）考查名詞及語境理解。A.pity遺憾；B.profit利益；C.debate辯論；D.desire渴望。句意：瑪麗給我對新挑戰(zhàn)的渴望留下了持久的影響。根據(jù)上文"Attheendoftheterm，mySpanishimproved，andmyconfidencesoared.（學期結(jié)束時，我的西班牙語提高了，我的信心大增）"可知，作者自信增強了，所以渴望新挑戰(zhàn)。故選D?！军c評】完形填空考查學生綜合運用語言的能力。做題時，要先通讀全文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合選項，仔細閱讀文章，選擇最適合語境的詞，注意上下文的呼應(yīng)和語境。三．閱讀理解（共2小題）7．（2023秋?內(nèi)江期末）In2015，Chennaiwasdestroyedbyoneoftheworstfloodsinoveracentury，leavingthousandswithoutfood，waterandsupplies．Duringtheflood，manyheroesarose，oneofwhomwasSantosh，ayoungmanwhoownedatakeoutrestaurantinChennai．WhenthefirstfloodhitinNovember，hegotacallfromacompanycalledNagaRava．Thecompanyaskedhimtoprepare5，000packetsoffoodandgivethemtothefloodvictims（受害者）．He，withhispartners，tooktheorder，cookedfor14hoursanddeliveredthem．Butthatnight，astheysattogetherdiscussingtheeventoftheday，theyactuallyfeltashamed（羞愧）．"HerewasamannotevenfromChennaiandhewasgoingoutofhiswaytohelptheaffectedpeople．We，whilelivinghere，hadnotreallydoneanythingourselvesforourownpeople，"saidSantoshlater．Hethenbeganthegroundworkforacollectiontohelpcookmoredishes．LittledidheknowthattheNovemberfloodwasjustthebeginning，andtherealshowwasabouttobegin．TheDecemberfloodaffectedthemall．Hisownhousegotfloodedandhisfamilywastrappedonthesecondfloor．Theylostphoneconnectionandelectricity．Inspiteofthis，Santoshwentbackoutintotheflood，creatingakitchenandpreparingfoodallbyhimselfforthevictims．Hedidnotsleepforfourdays，takingaone﹣hourbreakeverydayashekeptoncooking．Aswordgotoutaboutthisman'seffort，otherssteppedouttojoinhim．Fromchildrentotheelderly，strangerscametoaidhimincooking，packingandtransportingfood．Upto300volunteersworkedtogethertomakeitallhappen．Bythetimethefourthdayfinallycametoanend，Santoshandhisteamhadprepared170，000foodboxesanddeliveredthemtopeopleinneed．（1）WhatinspiredSantoshtohelptheaffectedpeople？CA．Acallforhelp．B．Hiscookingskills．C．Anactofkindnessofastranger．D．Theencouragementfromhispartners．（2）Whatdoes"therealshow"inthethirdparagraphreferto？BA．Thehelpandsupport．B．Thesevererflood．C．Santosh'sfamilysuffering．D．Santosh'scookingmorefood．（3）WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSantosh？CA．Humorousandhelpful．B．Determinedandclever．C．Selflessandcaring．D．Kindandwise．（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？DA．ManyHandsMakeLightWorkB．KindnessIsItsOwnRewardC．MajorFloodsBroughtChallengesToPeopleD．AManCooked170，000MealsForTheAffected【答案】CBCD【分析】主要講述了在一次嚴重的洪災(zāi)期間Santosh和一些好心人準備了170，000分盒飯救援災(zāi)區(qū)的故事?！窘獯稹浚?）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的HerewasamannotevenfromChennaiandhewasgoingoutofhiswaytohelptheaffectedpeople．We，whilelivinghere，hadnotreallydoneanythingourselvesforourownpeople.這里有一個甚至不是金奈人的人，他正不遺余力地幫助受災(zāi)群眾，我們在這里生活時，并沒有真正為自己的人民做過任何事情。可見是一個陌生人的善舉激勵Santosh幫助災(zāi)民，所以選C.（2）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段句子LittledidheknowthattheNovemberfloodwasjustthebeginning，andtherealshowwasabouttobegin．TheDecemberfloodaffectedthemall．他不知道11月的洪水只是個開始，真正的演出就要開始了，12月的洪水影響了他們所有人?？芍颂巘herealshow指的是12月更嚴重的洪水，所以選B.（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知Santosh的家也遭遇了洪水，但是她依然去幫助其他受災(zāi)的人們。這說明她是無私而有大愛的人，A．Humorousandhelpful．幽默和樂于助人的；B．Determinedandclever．意志堅強聰明的；C．Selflessandcaring．無私有愛的；D．Kindandwise．好心而明智的。所以選C.（4）D.標題歸納題。主要講述了在一次嚴重的洪災(zāi)期間Santosh和一些好心人準備了170，000分盒飯救援災(zāi)區(qū)的故事。所以D一名男子為受災(zāi)群眾做了17萬份飯菜，作為標題比較簡潔明了，故選D.【點評】閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑氶喿x短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。8．Asglobaltemperaturesrise，treesaroundtheworldareexperiencinglongergrowingseasons，sometimesasmuchasthreeextraweeksayear.Allthattimehelpstreesgrowfaster.Forthepast100years，treeshavebeenexperiencingfastgrowthintemperateregionsfromMarylandtoFinland，toCentralEurope，wherethegrowthrateofsometreeshasevenspedupnearly77%since1870.Assumingwoodisjustasstrongtoday，thosegainswouldmeanmoretimber（木材）forbuilding，burning，andstoringcarboncapturedfromtheatmosphere.Butiswoodreallyasdenseasitusedtobe？HansPretzsch，aforestscientistattheTechnicalUniversityofMunichinGermany，andhiscolleagueswantedtofindananswer.TheycarriedoutastudyoftheforestsofCentralEurope.Theystartedwith41experimentalplotsinsouthernGermany，someofwhichhavebeencontinuouslymonitoredsince1870.Pretzschandhisteamtookcoresamplesfromthetrees﹣whichincludedNorwayspruce，sessileoak，Europeanbeech，andScotspine﹣andanalyzedthetreeringsusingahigh﹣frequencyprobe.Theyfoundthatinallfourspecies，wooddensityhasdecreasedby8%to12%，theyreportonlineinForestEcologyandManagement."Weexpectedatrendofthewooddensitylikethis，butnotsuchastrongandsignificantdecrease，"Pretzschsays.Increasingtemperatures，andthefastergrowththeyspur，probablyaccountforsomeofthedrop.Anotherfactor，Pretzschsays，ismorenitrogeninthesoilfromagriculturalfertilizer（化肥）andvehicleexhaust.Previousstudieshavelinkedincreasedfertilizerusetodecreasedwooddensity.Aboveall，thestudysuggeststhatthehighertemperatures﹣combinedwithpollutionfromautoexhaustandfarms﹣aremakingwoodweaker，resultingintreesthatbreakmoreeasilyandwoodthatislessdurable."Iamgettingworried，"saysRichardHoughton，anecologistattheWoodsHoleResearchCenterinFalmouth，Massachusetts，whowasnotpartofthenewstudy.Asthedensityofthesamplesdropped，sodidtheircarboncontent，byabout50%.Thatmeansforestsmaysuffermoredamagefromstormsandmaybelessefficientatsoakingupthegreenhousegascarbondioxide（CO2）thanscientistshadthought，Houghtonsays.（1）Paragraph1iswrittentoB.A．proveanideaB．introduceatopicC．giveanexampleD．describeafact（2）ThestudyoftheforestsshowsC.A．farmingslowstrees'growthB．moreareasarecoveredwithforestsC．warmingchangesthequalityofwoodD．pollutionleadstohighertemperatures（3）WhatHoughtonsayssuggestsA.A．greatlossmightbecausedB．stormdamagecanbepreventedC．thesizeofforestsmightbeincreasedD．lessgreenhousegasescanbesentout（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage？DA．WeonlyhaveoneearthB．Trees﹣ourbestfriendsC．TheinfluenceofclimatechangeD．Treesaregettingbigger，butweaker【答案】BCAD【分析】本文為一篇科教類閱讀，隨著全球氣溫的升高，世界各地的樹木都經(jīng)歷了更長的生長季節(jié)，有時一年多出三個星期，在過去的100年里，從馬里蘭州開始，樹木在溫帶地區(qū)經(jīng)歷了快速的生長到芬蘭，再到中歐，自1870年以來，那里的一些樹木的生長速度甚至加快了近77%。假設(shè)現(xiàn)在的木材同樣結(jié)實，這些收獲將意味著更多的木材用于建筑、燃燒和儲存從大氣中捕獲的碳""但是木頭真的和以前一樣密嗎？本文對這一問題進行探討。【解答】（1）B．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Asglobaltemperaturesrise，treesaroundtheworldareexperiencinglongergrowingseasons…thosegainswouldmeanmoretimber（木材）forbuilding，burning，andstoringcarboncapturedfromtheatmosphere.Butiswoodreallyasdenseasitusedtobe？（隨著全球氣溫的升高，世界各地的樹木都經(jīng)歷了更長的生長季節(jié)，有時一年多出三個星期，假設(shè)現(xiàn)在的木材同樣結(jié)實，這些收獲將意味著更多的木材用于建筑、燃燒和儲存從大氣中捕獲的碳""但是木頭真的和以前一樣密嗎？）可知，作者寫作第一段是引出話題，故選B．（2）C．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Theyfoundthatinallfourspecies，wooddensityhasdecreasedby8%to12%，theyreportonlineinForestEcologyandManagement."Weexpectedatrendofthewooddensitylikethis，butnotsuchastrongandsignificantdecrease，"Pretzschsays.Increasingtemperatures，andthefastergrowththeyspur，probablyaccountforsomeofthedrop.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在所有四個物種中，木材密度都下降了8%至12%，他們在森林生態(tài)和管理方面在網(wǎng)上報道說："我們預(yù)料木材密度的趨勢是這樣的，但沒有如此強烈和顯著的下降．"Pretzsch說，溫度的升高，以及它們刺激的增長速度的加快，可能是下降的部分原因）可知，氣溫變暖改變了木材的質(zhì)量，故選C．（3）A．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Iamgettingworried，"saysRichardHoughton，anecologistattheWoodsHoleResearchCenterinFalmouth，Massachusetts，whowasnotpartofthenewstudy.Asthedensityofthesamplesdropped，sodidtheircarboncontent，byabout50%．Thatmeansforestsmaysuffermoredamagefromstormsandmaybelessefficientatsoakingupthegreenhousegascarbondioxide（CO2）thanscientistshadthought，Houghtonsays.（我開始擔心了，"RichardHoughton說，他是馬薩諸塞州法爾茅斯的森林洞研究中心的生態(tài)學家，他不是這項新研究的一部分．隨著樣本密度的下降，他們的碳含量也下降了大約50倍霍頓說，這意味著森林可能遭受更多的風暴破壞，而且吸收溫室氣體二氧化碳的效率可能低于科學家的想象）可知，Houghton的話表明會導致大量的損失，故選A．（4）D．標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段Asglobaltemperaturesrise，treesaroundtheworldareexperiencinglongergrowingseasons，sometimesasmuchasthreeextraweeksayear.Allthattimehelpstreesgrowfaster.（隨著全球氣溫的上升，世界各地的樹木正經(jīng)歷著更長的生長季節(jié)，有時一年要多生長三周。所有這些時間都有助于樹木生長得更快）可知，文章介紹隨著全球氣溫的升高，世界各地的樹木都經(jīng)歷了更長的生長季節(jié)，但是有些樹木的密度變得疏松沒有以前質(zhì)量好了，表明木材變大，但質(zhì)量有些擔憂，故選D．【點評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。四．其他閱讀題型（共1小題）9．（2023秋?天津期末）Iwasstillafreshgraduatefromhighschool；Igotachancetowork.Duringmyfirstdayofwork，Icameearly.Iwasthefirstonetoarriveintheoffice.Perhapsitwasduetoexcitement，Ihadperformedwellinmygiventasks.Everythingwentsmoothlyinmywork.ThepassionwhenIstartedwasstillthesamepassionIamfeelinguntilnow.Furthermore，Ididn'tforgettodowellinmystudies.Infact，Istillmanagedtoreviewmynotes，tobecomeactiveinclassesandtoscorehighintests.IhadlearnednewthingsasIstartedworkingthere.Dealingandinteractingwithpeoplewere