《專業(yè)英語（計算機英語）》復習題

機密★啟用前

大連理工大學網(wǎng)絡教育學院

2020年春《專業(yè)英語（計算機英語）》

期末考試復習題

☆注意事項：本復習題滿分共：400分。

一、單項選擇題（本大題共60小題）

題號1234567891011121314151617181920

答案BAABCBADABDABAAABABA

題號2122232425262728293031323334353637383940

答案AABACADBACBADABDABAC

題號4142434445464748495051525354555657585960

答案ADBBACABABCAADBACABB

I、()standsforCentralProcessingUnit.Itperformsthesystem'scalculatingandprocessing.

A.computer

B.CPU

C.inputdevice

D.outputdevice

2、A()isanelectronicdevicethatoperatesunderthecontrolofinstructionsstoredinitsownmemory,

whichcanaccordingtospecifiedrules,produceresults,andstoretheresultsfbrfutureuse.

A.computer

B.CPU

C.inputdevice

D.outputdevice

3、Thefirstgenerationofcomputeris().

A.vacuumlubes

B.transistors

C.integratedcircuits

D.microprocessors

4、()referstothephysicalequipmentthatcanperformthebasicfunctionscontainedwithinthedata

processingcycle.

A.Software

B.Hardware

C.Memory

D.CPU

5、()aretheperipheralsthatallowuserstoenterdata,programs,commands,anduserresponsesintoa

computerandtransformthemintoasuitableformforprocessing.

A.RAM

B.ROM

C.Inputdevices

D.Memory

6、A()istheprimaryinputdevice.Itisusedforenteringletters,numbersandcommandsintothe

system.

A.RAM

B.keyboard

C.outputdevices

D.memory

7、A()isacablewhichiscapableofcarryingsignalsrepresentingdatafromoneplacetoanother.

A.bus

B.USB

C.port

D.keyboard

8、Thefourthgenerationofcomputeris().

A.vacuumtubes

B.transistors

C.integratedcircuits

D.microprocessors

9、()standsforRandomAccessMemory,histhemainlocationforholdingprogramsanddatathat(he

CPUispresentlyprocessing.

A.RAM

B.ROM

C.inputdevices

D.memory

10、()standsforReadOnlyMemory,itisthecomputermemoryonwhichdatahasbeenprerecorded.

A.RAM

B.ROM

C.CPU

D.Memory

11.()performsarithmetic,comparison,andlogicoperations.ItisonepartoftheCPU.

A.RAM

B.ROM

C.CPU

D.ALU

12、()havemorestoragecapacitythandiskettesandalsoofferfasteraccesstothedatatheyhold.

A.Harddisks

B.Opticaldisks

C.Zipdisk

D.CD

13,()areoutputdevicesthatprintcharacters,symbols,andgraphicsonaphysicalmediumsuchaspaper

andatransparencyfile.

A.Flatpanelmonitors

B.Printers

C.Keyboards

D.Pointingdevice

14、Thefirstcomputersused()fbrcircuitryandmagneticdrumsformemory,andwereoftenenormous,

takingupentirerooms.

A.vacuumtubes

B.transistors

C.integratedcircuits

D.microprocessors

15、()istheelectronicdevicethatinterpretsandcarriesoutthebasicinstructionsthatoperatethe

computer.

A.Processor

B.hardware

C.memory

D.CPU

16、()isoneofthecomponentsoftheCPU,tellstherestofthecomputersystemhowtocarryouta

program'sinstructions.

A.Controlunit

B.ALU

C.RAM

D.ROM

17、ThetwocomponentsoftheCPUareconnectedbyakindofelectronicroadwaycalleda(an)().

A.USB

B.bus

C.port

D.keyboard

18、The()isthecommunicationsmediumfor(heentirecomputersystem.

A.systemboard

B.input

C.output

D.bus

19、()canbeintheformofprograms,commandsanduserresponses.

A.Processor

B.Instructions

C.Mouse

D.Port

20、Theprocessoftranslatinginstmetionsintocommandsiscalled().

A.decoding

B.register

C.digital

D.port

21、()alsocalledaprogram,istheseriesofcomputerlanguagecodedinstructionsthattellsthecomputer

howtoperformtasks.

A.Software

B.Hardware

C.Compiler

D.Interpreter

22、Twotypesofsoftwarearc()andapplicationsoftware.

A.systemsoftware

B.systemcall

C.systemcrash

D.systemhardware

23、The()isautomaticallyloadedintoRAMsoonafteryouturnon,or"boot"thecomputer.

A.applicationsoftware

B.operatingsoftware

C.shell

D.compiler

24、A()issoftwarethatlooksatanentirehigh-levelprogrambeforetranslatingitintomachine

language.

A.compiler

B.interpreter

C.instruction

D.process

25、TheCPUexecutesprogramscodedinalowerlevellanguagecalledthe().

A.utilityprogram

B.languagetranslator

C.machinelanguage

D.backup

26、()programsareusedtorecoverdeletedordamaged(corrupted)files.

A.Datarecovery

B.Systemcall

C.Systemcrash

D.Systemsoftware

27、Linuxisanoperatingsystemsimilario()(hatisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.

A.Windows98

B.Windows2000

C.WindowsXP

D.Unix

28、()isthenumberoftimesawaverepeatsduringaspecifictimeintervaljhatishowmanytimesit

completesacycleinonesecond.

A.Amplitude

B.Frequency

C.Analogsignals

D.Digitalsignals

29、()isindicatedbytheheightofawavewithinagivenperiodoftime.

A.Amplitude

B.Frequency

C.Analogsignals

D.Digitalsignals

30、In()mode,thecommunicationisunidirectional,likeaone-waystreet.Onlyoneofthetwostations

onalinkcantransmit;theothercanonlyreceive.

A.half-duplex

B.full-duplex

C.simplex

D.noneoftheabove

31、A()channelallowssimultaneousmessageexchangeinbothdirections.Itreallyconsistsoftwo

simplexchannels,aforwardchannelandareversechannel,linkingthesamepoints.

A.half-duplex

B.full-duplex

C.simplex

D.noneoftheabove

32、A()isahighlyintelligentdevicethatsupportsconnectivitybetweenbothlikeandunlikeLANs,and

betweenLANsandWANsorMANs.

A.router

B.repeater

C.switch

D.bridge

33、()isadevicethatfunctionsasbotharouterandabridge.

A.Repeater

B.Switch

C.Gateway

D.Brouter

34、()isanacronymforlocalareanetwork.ltisagroupofcomputersandotherdevicesdispersedovera

relativelylimitedareaandconnectedbyacommunicationslink.

A.LAN

B.WAN

C.MAN

D.Noneoftheabove

35Jna()network,allmicrocomputersandothercommunicationsdevicesareconnectedtoacentralhub,

suchasafileserverorhostcomputer,usuallyviaUTP.

A.bus

B.star

C.tree

D.ring

36、Ina()network,allmicrocomputersandothercommunicationdevicesareconnectedtoacontinuous

loop.

A.bus

B.star

C.tree

D.ring

37、(),theprotocolfortransferringHTMLfilesontheWeb.

A.HTML

B.ISP

C.Client

D.Sener

38、(),differencebetweenthelowestandhighestfrequenciestransmittedinaparticularchannelor

system.

A.Amplitude

B.Bandwidth

C.Bridge

D.Network

39、()，softwareusedincorporatenetworks(intranetsandextranets)topreventunauthorizedpeoplefrom

accessingthenetwork.

A.Firewall

B.Modem

C.Hypertext

D.TCP

40、(),shortformodulator/demodulator.devicethatconvertsdigitalsignalsintoarepresentationofanalog

fomi(modulation)tosendoverphonelines;areceivingmodemthenconvertstheanalogsignalbacktoadigital

signal(demodulation).

A.Server

B.Network

C.Modem

D.Gateway

41、The()isaworldwidesystemofcomputernetworksinwhichanyonecomputercanget

informationfrom/ortalktoanyotherconnectedcomputerusingtheTCP/IPprotocols.

A.Internet

B.WWW

C.ARPANET

D.ISP

42、（）isthemessages,usuallytext,sendfromonepersontoanotherviatheInternet.

A.TCP/IP

B.Telnet

C.FTP

D.E-mail

43、（）standsfor"WorldWideWeb";itisthelargeglobalcollectionofInternetserverswhichsupport

hypertextdocumentscodedinHTML,andtransferredviaHTTR

A.Internet

B.WWW

C.ARPANET

D.ISP

44、（）isawayoftransferringfilesovertheInternetfromonecomputertoanother.

A.Internet

B.FTP

C.E-mail

D.ISP

45、The（）wastheprecursorto（heInternet.Developedinthelate1960'sandearly1970'sbytheU.S.

DepartmentofDefenceasanexperimentinwide-area-networkingthatwouldsurviveanuclearwar.

A.ARPANET

B.Apple

C.Microsoft

D.Noneoftheabove

46、（）isaprotocolthatletsauserlogintoaremotecomputeranduseprogramsanddatathattheremote

ownerhasmadeavailable,justasifitwere（heirowncomputer.

A.FTP

B.WWW

C.Telnet

D.NSFNET

47、（）xonversionofeitherencodedorencipheredtextintoplaintext.

A.Decrypt

B.Encryption

C.Authenticate

D.Hacker

48、（）,theprocessofchangingplaintextdatainioencipheredtextthroughanalgorithm.

A.Decrypt

B.Encryption

C.Authenticate

D.Hacker

49、（），referringtoapersonwhobreaksintocomputersystemsforthechallengeorstealcomputer

resourcesorcorruptacomputer'sdata.

A.Hacker

B.Password

C.DES

D.Authenticate

5（）、（）,asecretcodeassignedtoauserwhichisknownbythecomputersystem.Knowledgeofthe

passwordassociatedwiththeuserIDisconsideredproofofauthorization.

A.Hacker

B.Password

C.DES

D.Authenticate

51、（）,executablecodethat,whenrunbysomeone,infectsotherexecutablecodeinacomputer.

A.ComputerSecurity

B.Digitalsignatures

C.Computervirus

D.noneoftheabove

52、（）,technologicalandmanagerialproceduresappliedtocomputersystemstoensuretheavailability.

integrityandconfidentialityofinformationmanagedbythecomputersystem.

A.ComputerSecurity

B.Digitalsignatures

C.Computervirus

D.noneoftheabove

53、(),whichstandsforMotionPictureExpertsGroup(MPEG)Layer3,israpidlybecomingthestandard

formusictransmissionviaInternet.

A.MP3

B.MP4

C.JPEG

D.AVI

54、()isacomputerteclinologythatcreatesthreedimensionalrealillusioninanartificialworld.

A.Vectorimage

B.Bitmap

C.JPEG

D.VirtualReality

55、()(MotionPictureExpertsGroup)standardsarethemainalgorithmsusedtocompressvideos.Dueto

thefactthatmoviescontainbothimagesandsound,itcancompressbothaudioandvideo.

A.JPEG

B.MPEG

C.MIDI

D.noneoftheabove

56、()(JointPhotographicExpertsGroup),standardforcompressingcontinuous-tonestillpictures.It

doesnothandleblack-and-whiteimages,nordoesithandlemotionpicturecompression.

A.JPEG

B.MPEG

C.MIDI

D.noneof(heabove

57、()willprovokeradicalchangesintheteachingprocessduringthecomingdecades,particularlyas

smartstudentsdiscovertheycangobeyondthelimitsoftraditionalteachingmethods.

A.Animation

B.WAV

C.Multimedia

D.noneoftheabove

58、（）,theprocessofcompressingafilesuchthatsomedataislostafterthefileiscompressedand

decompressed.

A.Lossycompression

B.Losslesscompression

C.Bitmap

D.Vectorimage

59、（）,theprocessofcompressingafilesuchthat,afterbeingcompressedanddecompressed,itmatchesits

originalformatbitforbit.

A.Lossycompression

B.Losslesscompression

C.Bitm叩

D.Vectorimage

60、Whichoneisawordprocessingandtexteditingtool?（）

A.Photoshop

B.Word

C.Extreme3D

D.Premiere

二、判斷題（本大題共30小題）

題號123456789101112131415

答案VVXXJVVXXVVVVVV

題號161718192021222324252627282930

答案VXXJVVVVV7VVVXX

1>Dataconsistsoftherawfactsardfiguresthatareprocessedintoinformation.

2、Informationissummarizeddataormanipulateddata.

3、Softwarereferstothephysicalequipmentthatcanperformthebasicfunctionscontainedwithinthedata

processingcycle.

4、Hardwareisacomputerprogrammadeupofasequenceofdetailedinstructionsdesignedtodirectacomputer

toperformcertainfunctions.

5、Memoryalsocalledmainmemory,primarystorage,RAM,isaninternalstorageareainthecomputer,where

dataandprogramsdesignedforimmediateprocessingarcheld.

ASCIIstandsforAmericanStardardCodeforInformationInterchange.

7、Abusisacablewhichiscapableofcarryingsignalsrepresentingdatafromoneplaceioanother.

8、Outputdevicesareperipheralsthatallowuserstoenterdata,programs,commands,anduserresponsesintoa

computerandtransformthemintoasuitableformforprocessing.

9、Inputdevicesarehardwarecomponentsthatcanconveyinformationtoauserinaformthattheycanuse.

1()、USBportisanewindustrywidestandardthatwilleventuallyeliminatetheneedtoinstalladaptercards.

II、Applicationsoftwareconsistsofprogramsthatperformspecifictasksforusers.

12、Operatingsystemisasetofprogramsthatperformspecifictasksforusers.

13、Devicedriversarespecializedprogramsdesignedtoallowparticularinputoroutputdevicestocommunicate

withtherestofthecomputersystem.

14、Languagetranslatorsconverttheprogramminginstructionsintoalanguagethatcomputersunderstandand

process.

15、Userinterfacecontrolshowyouenterdataorinstructionsandhowinformationisdisplayedonthecomputer

screen.

16、C++isanobject-orientedprogramminglanguage.

17、BridgeisaninterfacethatenablesWANstocommunicate.

18、LANisacommunicationnetworkthatcoversawidegeographicalarea,suchasastateoracountry.

19、Uploadistosendfilesfromauser'smicrocomputertoanothercomputercomparedwithdownload.

20、Gatewayisaninterfacethatenablesdissimilarnetworkstocommunicatewithoneanother.

21、TCP/IPisthesuiteofcommunicationsprotocolsusedtoconnectcomputersontheinternet.

22、ADomainNameSystemisanInternetservicethattranslatesdomainnamestoorfromIPaddresses.

23、AnISPisacompanythatprovidesaccesstotheInternet.

24、AleasedlineisalinerentedfromatelephonecompanyfortheexclusiveuseofacustomertoaccessInternet.

25、ElectronicCommercemeansbuyingandsellingproductsandservicesonlineviatheInternet.

26、EDIisasetofcomputerinterchangestandardsforbusinessdocumentssuchasinvoices,bills,andpurchase

orders.

27、AnonlinepaymentisamonetarytranscationfromthecustomertothevendorovertheInternetbycreditcard,

digitalcash,e-wallets,andsmartcards.

28、Acreditcardisaplasticcardthatallowstheholdertoobtaingoodsandservicesoncredittermswithoutthe

immediaterequirementtopaycash.

29、Asymmetrickey(PublicKey),inencryption,onekeyisusedtobothlockandunlockdata.

30、Symmetrickey(PrivateKey):Inencrypiion,atwo-keysysteminwhich(hekeyusedtolockdataismade

public,soeveryonecan"lock".Asecondprivatekeyisusedtounlockordecrypt.

三、英譯漢(本大題共10小題)

1、AnotherelectromechanicalcomputingmachinewasdevelopedbyHowardAiken,withfinancialassistance

fromIBM,atHarvardUniversityin1943.ItwascalledtheAutomaticSequenceControlCalculatorMarkI,or

simplytheHarvardMarkI.Neitherofthesemachineswasatruecomputer,however,becausetheywerenot

entirelyelectronic.

答案：另一臺機電式計算機器是由霍華德.艾坎在IBM的資助下于1943年在哈佛大學研制的。它被稱為自

動，字列控制計算器MarkI,或簡稱哈佛MarkI。然而，這些機器都不是真正的計算機，因為它們不完全是

電子化的。

2、Perhapsthemostinfluentialoftheearlycomputerlikedeviceswas(heElectronicNumericalIntegratorand

Computer,orENIAC.ItwasdevelopedbyJ.PresperEckerlandJohnMauchlyattheUniversityofPennsylvania.

答案：也許早期最具影響力的類似計算機的裝置應該是電子數(shù)字積分計算機，或簡稱ENIAC。它是由賓夕

凡尼亞大學的J.PresperEckert和JohnMauchly研制的。

3、Itwasnotcompleted,however,until1951.BeforetheEDVACwasfinished,severalothermachineswerebuilt

thatincorporatedelementsoftheEDVACdesignofEckert,Mauchly,andvonNeuman.OnewastheElectronic

DelayStorageAutomaticComputer,orEDSAC,whichwasdevelopedinCambridge,England.

答案：然而，直到1951年，它才得以完成。在EDVAC完成之前，其他一些機器造好了，它們吸收了Eckert>

Mauchly和Neuman的EDVAC設計要素。其中一部是在英國劍橋研制的電子延遲存儲自動計算機，或簡稱

EDSACo

4、TheUNIVACIwasthefirstcommercialcomputerinthisgeneration.Asnotedearlier,itwasusedintheCensus

Bureauin1951.Itwasalsothefirstcomputertobeusedinabusinessapplication.In1954,GeneralElectrictook

deliveryofaUNIVACIanduseditforsomeofitsbusinessdataprocessing.

答案：UNIVACI是第一代中最早的商業(yè)化計算機。如前所述，它在1951年被用于人口普查局。它還是第

一部用于商'業(yè)應用的計算機。在1954年，通用電氣接收了UNIVACI,并用它進行一些商'業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)處理。

5、NetworkStructures.Unlikethetreeapproach,whichdoesnotpermittheconnectionofbranches,thenetwork

structurepermitstheconnectionofthenodesinamultidirectionalmanner.

答案：網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構。網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構不像樹型結(jié)構那樣不允許樹枝相連，它允許節(jié)點間多個方向連接。

6、Onceattachedtoahostprogram,thevirusesthenlookforotherprogramsto"infect".Inthisway,theviruscan

spreadquicklythroughoutaharddiskoranentireorganizationwhenitinfectsaLANoramulti-usersystem.At

somepoint,itisdeterminedbyhowtheviruswasprogrammedthevirusattacks.

答案：病毒程序一旦附加到一個主程序上，就開始尋找其他可以進行“感染”的程序。這樣，如果病毒感

染了一個局域網(wǎng)或者一個多用戶系統(tǒng)，那么它就在整個硬盤或整個組織內(nèi)迅速擴散。只有在某個點上病毒

程序才會發(fā)作。

7、N,whichwasestablishedtoaidInternetusersinfindingandsharingonlinemusicfilesknownas

MP3files,isperhapsthemostwell-knownexampleofpeer-to-peerc-commcrcc,althoughpuristsnotethat

Napsterisonlypartiallypeer-to-peerbecauseitreliesonacentraldatabasetoshowwhichusersarcsharingmusic

files.

答案：Napster,com建立的目標是幫助因特網(wǎng)用戶發(fā)現(xiàn)并分享在線音樂文件，即人所共知的MP3文件。盡

管純粹論者強調(diào)：因為它依賴中央數(shù)據(jù)庫來顯示哪一位用戶正在分享音樂文件，所以Napsler僅僅是部分

對等。但Napster或許是對等電子商務最著名的實例。

8、C++canbeviewedasatraditionalprocedurallanguagewithsomeadditionalconstructs.BegiiningwithC,

someconstructsareaddedforobjectorientedprogrammingandsomeforimprovedproceduralsyntax.Awell

writtenC++programwillreflectelementsofbothanobjectorientedprogrammingstyleandaclassicprocedural

programming.

答案：C++被看作在傳統(tǒng)過程語言的基礎上補充了一些結(jié)構。以C語言為基礎，有些結(jié)構是為了面向?qū)ο?/p>

的程序設計而添加的，有些則是為了改進過程語法。一個好的，++程序應考慮面向?qū)ο蟮某绦蛟O計風格和

古典的過程程序設計這兩個方面，

9、Threatstocomputingsystemsarecircumstancesthathavethepotentialtocauselossorharm;humanattacks

areexamplesofthreats,asarenaturaldisasters,inadvertenthumanerrors,andinternalhardwareorsoftware

flaws.

答案：對計算機系統(tǒng)的威脅是引起安全喪失或傷害的環(huán)境；人們的攻擊是威脅的例子，此外還有自然災害、

人們無意識的錯誤和內(nèi)部硬件或軟件缺陷等。

10Jnaninterruption,anassetofthesystembecomeslostorunavailableorunusable.Anexampleismalicious（惡

意妁）destructionofahardwaredevice,erasureofaprogramordatafile,orfailureofanoperatingsystemfile

managersothatitcannotfindaparticulardiskfile.

答案：在中斷情況上系統(tǒng)資源開始丟失，不可用或不能用。例如，蓄意破壞硬件設備，抹除程序或數(shù)據(jù)

文件，或造成操作系統(tǒng)的文件管理程序故障，以致不能找到某一磁盤文件。

四、漢譯英（本大題共10小題）

1、在ENIAC的研制中,一個天才的數(shù)學家VonNeuman（馮.諾伊曼）加入到Eckert和Mauchly團隊,他

們一起提出了儲存程序計算機的主意。這部機器被稱做電子離散變量自動計算機，或簡稱EDVAC,是第一

部其設計包括了計算機所有特征的機器。

答案：WhileworkingontheENIAC,EckertandMauchlywerejoinedbyabrilliantmathematician,Johnvon

Neuman.Together,theydevelopedtheideaofastoredprogramcomputer.Thismachine,called（heElectronic

DiscreteVariableAutomaticComputer,orEDVAC,wasthefirstmachinewhosedesignincludedall（he

characteristicsofacomputer.

2、第一代計算機的特色是使用真空管為其主要電子器件。真空管體積大且發(fā)熱嚴重，因此第一代計算機體

積,蘢大，并且需要大量的空調(diào)設備保持冷卻。此外，因為真空管運行不是很快，這些計算機運行速度相對

較慢。

答案：First-generationcomputerswerecharacterizedbytheuseofvacuumtubesastheirprincipalelectronic

component.Vacuumtubesarebulkyandproducealotofheat,sofirst-generalioncomputerswerelargeand

requiredextensiveairconditioningtokeepthemcool.Inaddition,becausevacuumtubesdonotoperateveryfast,

thesecomputerswererelativelyslow.

3、在第二代計算機中，晶體管取代了真空管。雖然發(fā)明于1948年，但第一臺全晶體管計算機宜到1959年

才成為現(xiàn)實(投入使用)。晶體管比真空管體積小、價格低，而且運行快而發(fā)熱少。

答案：Inthesecondgenerationofcomputers,transistorsreplacedvacuumtubes.Althoughinventedin1948,the

firstall-transistorcomputerdidnotbecomeavailableuntil1959.Transistorsarcsmallerandlessexpensivethan

vacuumtubes,andtheyoperatefasterandproducelessheat.

4、CuteFTP是一種基于Windows的文件傳輸辦議客戶程序，它允許用戶利用FTP的功能而不必了解協(xié)議的

詳細內(nèi)容。CuteFTP提供了用戶友好的Windows界面，而不是麻煩的命令行實用工具，從而簡化了FTP的

使用。CuteFTP給PC初學者提供了上傳、下載和編輯世界各地近程服務器上文件的能力。

答案：CuteFTPisaWindowsbasedFileTransferProtocol(FTP)clientthatallowsuserstoutilizethecapabilities

ofFTPwithouthavingtoknowallthedetailsoftheprotocolitself.CuteFTPsimplifiesFTPbyofferinga

user-friendlyWindowsinterfaceinsteadofacumbersomecommandlineutility.CuteFTPgivesnovicePCusers

theabilitytoupload,downloadandeditfliesonremoteFTPserversaroundtheworld.

5、面向?qū)ο蟮臄?shù)據(jù)庫可以存儲并處理更加復雜的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構，這種數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構稱為“對象"，對象”可以

按層次組成“類”，低層的“類”可以繼承上層“類”的屬性：這是一種最靈活，最具適應性的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構。

答案：Object-orienteddatabasesstoreandmanipulatemorecomplexdatastructures,called“object”,whicharc

organizedintohierarchicalclassesthatmayinheritpropertiesfromclasseshigherinthechain;thisdatabase

structureisthemostflexibleandadaptable.

6、到目前為止，萬維網(wǎng)是因特網(wǎng)最受歡迎的部分。一旦花費時間在Web上，你就會感覺到你能發(fā)掘無窮

無盡的內(nèi)容。Web允許以豐富、多樣的方式進行通信，可以顯示文本、圖片、動畫、照片、聲音和視頻。

答案：TheWorldWideWebisthemostpopularpartoftheInternetbyfar.OnceyouspendtimeontheWeb,you

willbegintofeellikethereisnolimittowhatyoucandiscover.TheWeballowsrichanddiversecommunication

bydisplayingtext,graphics,animation,photos,soundandvideo.

7、電子商務是最新的信息技術的大舞臺，它使商務過程改進和培訓能聚集起真正的潛能，從而產(chǎn)生既可

重復又具突破性的結(jié)果。尤其在中國，各類公司對該領域的需求十分強烈。

答案：eBusinessisthearenawherethelatestinformationtechnologies,businessprocessimprovementandtraining

convergewithagenuinepotentialtocreatebothiterativeandbreakthroughresults.Thisisparticularlytruein

China,wherecompanyneedsintheseareascanbequiteintense.

8、面向?qū)ο蟮臄?shù)據(jù)庫存儲并處理更復雜的稱為對象的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構，對象可組織成有層次的類，其中的每個

類可以繼承層次鏈中更高一級類的特性，這種數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)構最靈活，最具適應性。

答案：Object-orienteddatabasesstoreandmanipulatemorecomplexdatastructures,called"objects"，whicharc

organizedintohierarchicalclassesthatmayinheritpropertiesfromclasseshigherinthechain;thisdatabase

structureisthemostflexibleandadaptable.

9、當多個文件或記錄間的關系不能用鏈表達時，使用關系型數(shù)據(jù)庫。一個簡單的非結(jié)構列表變成一個表

或一個“關系”。多個關系可通過數(shù)學關系提供所需的信息。

答案：Relationaldatabasesarcusedwhereassociationsamongfilesorrecordscannotbeexpressedbylinks;a

simpleflatlistbecomesonetable,or“rclatiorT,andmultiplerelationscanbemathematicallyassociatedtoyield

desiredinformation.

10.MIDI格式實際上是由樂相制造商制訂的標準，MIDI實際并非數(shù)字化的聲音，而是描述要演奏的音符

信息的集合。

答案：TheMIDIformatisactuallyaspecificationinventedbymusicalinstrumentmanufacturers.Ratherthan

beingadigitizedformofthesound,theMIDIspecificationisactuallyasetofmessagesthatdescribeswhat

musicalnoteisbeingplayed.

五、翻譯全文(本大題共4小題)

1、NewProcessorsOpenNewEraofITTechnologies

Lastweek,IntelintroducedtothepublicinRussiaandotherCIScountriesafamilyofprocessorsIntelXeon

E5-2600.Theyarcmorepowerfulandreliableand,importantly,arcveryeconomicalintermsofenergy

consumption.TheirpresenceopensanewerainthefieldofITtechnologiesandmeansthatthecloudtechnology

isgellingcloser.

Theseprocessorsareprimarilydesignedforservers,datacenters(DPC)andsupercomputers.Theemergence

ofthisclassofdevicesisnotaccidental.AccordingtotheregionaldirectorofIntelinRussiaandotherCISstates

DmitriKonashwhospokeattheevent,themarketofIT-technologyisdevelopingsorapidlythat,accordingto

forecasts,by2015therewillbe15billiondevicesconnectedtotheInternet,andover3billionofactiveusers.

答案；新處理器開始IT技術的新時代

上周，英特爾公司向俄羅斯和其它獨聯(lián)體國家的公眾推出了英特爾XeonE5-2600系列處理器，它們更加

強大可靠，尤其是在能量消耗方面更加經(jīng)濟實惠。它們的問世意味著IT技術領域開始了一個新時代，標志著

云技術距離我們越來越近。

這些處理器主要是為服務器、數(shù)字處理中心和超級計算機設計的。這種處理器的出現(xiàn)并非偶然。根據(jù)

英特爾公司俄羅斯和其他獨聯(lián)體地區(qū)負責人DmiiriKonash就此事發(fā)表的看法,IT技術市場的發(fā)展速度極快,

根據(jù)預測，到2015年與英特網(wǎng)連接的設施將有150億，用戶超過30億。

2、BusSystemsSupportingMultiplePeripherals

Asthenumberofpotentialperipheralsgrew,usinganexpansioncardforeveryperipheralbecame

increasinglyimpossible.Thishasledtotheintroductionofbussystemsdesignedspecificallytosupportmultiple

peripherals.CommonexamplesaretheSATAportsinmoderncomputers,whichallowanumberofharddrivesto

beconnectedwithouttheneedfbracard.However,(hesehigh-performancesystemsaregenerallytooexpensive

toimplementinlow-enddevices,likeamouse.Thishasledtotheparalleldevelopmentofanumberof

low-performancebussystemsforthesesolutions,themostcommonexamplebeingUniversalSerialBus.Allsuch

examplesmaybereferredtoasperipheralbuses,althoughthisterminologyisnotuniversal.

答案：支持多種外接設備的總線系統(tǒng)

隨著外接設備數(shù)量的不斷增加，想用擴展卡來應付每一種外圍設備越來越不現(xiàn)實了，這就產(chǎn)生了設計專

門支持多種外接設備的總線系統(tǒng),通常的例子就是現(xiàn)代計算機上的SATA接口，這就允許很多硬盤驅(qū)動器不

需要卡就可以同計算機連接起來,但是把這些高性能系統(tǒng)用于低端設備，如鼠標等就很不合算,這就導致同

時開發(fā)很多低性能的總線系統(tǒng)解決方案，最常見的例子就是UBS接口。所有這些例子都可以稱作外接設備

總淺，盡管這個術語還沒有普遍通用o

3、USBflashdrive

AUSBflashdriveisadatastoragedevicethatincludesflashmemorywithanintegratedUniversalSerial

Bus(USB)interface.USBflashdrivesaretypicallyremovableandrewritable,andphysicallymuchsmaller(hana

floppydisk.Mostweighless(han30g.AsofSeptember2011,drivesofupco256gigabytes(GB)areavailable.

Storagecapacitiesaslargeas2terabytesareplanned,withsteadyimprovementsinsizeandpricepercapacity

expected.Someallowupto100,000write/e