2021承德市高考英語(yǔ)信息匹配類(lèi)、閱讀類(lèi)五月選練及答案8

閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AccordingtotheUSgovernment,windfarmsoffthePacificcoastcouldproduce900gigawattsofelectricityeveryyear.Unfortunately,thewaterthereisfartoodeepforeventhetallestwindmills(seepicture)totouchbottom.AnexperimentunderwayoffthecoastofNorway,however,couldhelpputthemanywhere.Theproject,calledHywind,istheworld’sfirstlarge-scaledeepwaterwindturbine(渦輪發(fā)電機(jī)).Althoughitusesafairlystandard152-ton,2.3-megawattturbine,Hywindrepresentstotallynewtechnology.Theturbinewillbefixed213feetabovethewateronafloatingspar(seepicture),atechnologyHywind’screator,theNorwegiancompanyStatoilHydro,hasdevelopedrecently.Thesteelspar,whichisfilledwithstonesandgoes328feetbelowtheseasurface,willbetiedtotheoceanfloorbythreecables(纜索);thesewillkeepthesparstableandpreventtheturbinefrommovingupanddowninthewaves.Hywind’sstability(穩(wěn)定性)inthecoldandroughseawouldprovethateventhedeepestcornersoftheoceanaresuitableforwindpower.Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan,theturbinewillstartproducingelectricitysixmilesoffthecoastofsouthwesternNorwayasearlyasSeptember.Toproduceelectricityonalargescale,acommercialwindfarmwillhavetousebiggerturbinesthanHywinddoes,butit’sdifficultenoughtobalancesuchalargeturbinesohighonafloatingsparinthemiddleoftheocean.Tomakethatturbineheavier,thewholespar’scentreofgravitymustbemovedmuchclosertotheocean’ssurface.Todothat,thecompanyplanstodesignanewkindofwindturbine,onewhosegearbox(變速箱)sitsatsealevelratherthanbehindtheblades(seepicture).Hywindisatestrun,butthebenefitsforperfectingfloatingwind-farmtechnologycouldbeextremelylarge.Outatsea,thewindisoftenstrongerandsteadierthanclosetoshore,whereallexistingoffshorewindmillsareplanted.Deep-seafarmsareinvisiblefromland,whichhelpsovercomethewindmill-as-eyesoreobjection.Ifthetechnologycatcheson,itwillopenupvastareasoftheplanet’ssurfacetooneofthebestlow-carbonpowersourcesavailable.1.TheHywindprojectusestotallynewtechnologytoensurethestabilityof.A.thecableswhichtiethespartotheoceanfloorB.thesparwhichisfloatingindeep-seawaterC.thebladesdrivenbystrongandsteadyseawindD.thestonesfilledinthesparbelowtheseasurface2.Tobalanceabiggerturbinehighonafloatingspar,anewtypeofturbineistobedesignedwithitsgearboxsitting.A.ontheseafloorB.onthespartopC.atsealevelD.behindtheblades3.Wideapplicationsofdeepwaterwindpowertechnologycan.A.solvethetechnicalproblemsofdeepwaterwindmillsB.makefinancialprofitsbyproducingmoreturbinesC.settletheargumentsaboutenvironmentalproblemsD.explorelow-carbonpowerresourcesavailableatsea【參考答案】1-3BCD閱讀理解。NapoleonBonapartediedonMay5,1821,ontheislandofSt.HelenaoffthecoastofAfrica.Hewas51yearsoldatthetime.WhendoctorsexaminedNapoleon'sbody,theysaidthattheformeremperorofFrancehaddiedfromcancerofthestomach.Thatwasthecauseofdeathrecordedintheofficialreport.However,otherdoctorsdisagreed.OnedoctorwhowaspresentduringtheexaminationofthebodysaidthatNapoleondiedofhepatitis（肝炎）.OtherhistoriansandmedicalexpertshavesuggestedthatNapoleondiedofsyphilis（梅毒）,tuberculosis（肺結(jié)核）,orperhapsmalaria.Now,aftercarefulresearch,aBritishchemistthinksthatNapoleonmighthavebeenpoisoned--notbyaperson,butbyhiswallpaper.NapoleonwassenttotheislandofSt.Helenain1815afterhelostthebattleofWaterloo.Hewasaprisonerontheisland.Althoughhehadservantstoattendtohim,hehadtoliveinonesmallbuilding.St.Helenaisaverywetisland,sothewallsofthebuildingwerealwayscoveredwithmold.Napoleonbecameillfromspendingtoomuchtimeinsidehishouse.Almostconstantlyhehadafever,chills,andfeltsicktohisstomach.Heoftenfeltpaininhisshouldersandinhisside.Hisskinturnedyellow.Hegotfrequentheadaches,andhewouldbecomedizzyandvomit.NoneofthemedicinethatthedoctorsgaveNapoleonseemedtohelp.Theywerenotsurewhatwasthematter.Finally,Napoleonwastooweaktoleavethehouse.Onenight,whilehewassleeping,hewentintoacoma（昏迷）anddied.ManydoctorswholaterreviewedthereportsofNapoleon'sillnessfoundthatthesymptomsdidnotshowamanwhosufferedfromstomachcancer.ItseemedobviousthatNapoleonhaddiedfromsomeothercause.In1961,aSwedishdoctorexaminedsomeofNapoleon’shairandfoundahighlevelofarsenic（砒霜）,achemicalpoison.WasNapoleonmurdered?Itisdoubtful.ArsenicwasusedinmanytypesofmedicineduringNapoleon’stime,sohemighthavetakenthearsenicasacureforhisillness.Then,in1982,Dr.DavidJonesfromEnglandbegantolookintothemysteryandsuggestedthatNapoleonmighthavebreathedinarsenicwhichwasintheairofhishouse.Inthe1700sand1800s,arsenicwasusedtomakeakindofgreenpaintusedonclothandwallpaper.Ifthepaintwasusedonawetwall,thearsenicwouldgointotheair.Apersonintheroommightbreathethatair.AfterstudyingthewallpaperintheroomwhereNapoleondied,Dr.Jonesfoundhighlevelsofarsenicinthegreenpaintonthewalls.6.Thepassagesaysthat.A.aBritishdoctorthinkshehasfoundthecauseofNapoleon'sdeathB.manydoctorshavetriedtoguessthecauseofNapoleon'sdeathC.NapoleoncouldhavediedfrompoisonD.alloftheabove7.WhydidNapoleonliveonSt.Helena?A.Heownedtheisland.B.Hewasaprisonerthere.C.Hisfamilylivedthere.D.Helikedtheisland.8.Napoleonsufferedfromthefollowingsymptomsexcept__________.A.chillsB.feverC.dizzinessD.bleeding9.TheofficialreportsaidthatNapoleondiedof____________.A.cancerB.acomaC.moldD.poison10.AccordingtoDr.Jones,howdidthearsenicprobablygetintoNapoleon'sbody?A.Heateit.B.Hebreatheditin.C.Hetouchedit.D.Hedrankit.【參考答案】6—10、DBDAB閱讀理解。Onereactiontoalltheconcernabouttropicaldeforestationisablankstarethatasksthequestion,"SinceIdon'tlivethere,whatdoesithavetodowithme?"Theansweristhatyourwayoflife,whereveryouliveintheworld,istiedtothetropicsinmanyways.Ifyouliveinahouse,washyourhair,eatfruitsandvegetables,drinksoda,ordriveacar,youcanbecertainthatyouareaffectedbythelossoftropicalforests.Biologically,wearelosingtherichestregionsonearthwhen,eachminute,apieceoftropicalforest,thesizeoftencityblocks,disappears.Asmanyasfivemillionspeciesofplants,animals,andinsects(40to50percentofalllivingthings)livethere,andarebeinglostfasterthantheycanbefoundanddescribed.Theirlossisimmeasurable.Takerubberforexample.Formanyuses,onlynaturalrubberfromtreeswilldo.Syntheticsarenotgoodenough.Todayoverhalftheworld'scommercialrubberisproducedinMalaysiaandIndonesia,whiletheAmazon'srubberindustryproducesmuchoftheworld'sfourmilliontons.Andrubberisanimportantmaterialinmakinggloves,balloons,footwearandmanysportinggoods.Thousandsofothertropicalplantsarevaluablefortheirindustrialuse.Manyscientistsstronglybelievethatdeforestationcontributestothegreenhouseeffect--orheatingoftheearthfromincreasedcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.Aswedestroyforests,welosetheirabilitytochangecarbondioxideintooxygen.Carbondioxidelevelscoulddoublewithinthenexthalf-century,warmingtheearthbyasmuchas4.5degrees.Theresult?Apartialmelt-downofpolaricecaps,raisingsealevelsasmuchas24feet;even15feetcouldthreatenanyonelivingwithin35milesofthecoast.Unbelievable?Maybe.Butscientistswarnthatbythetimewerealisethesevereeffectsoftropicaldeforestation,itwillbe20yearstoolate.Cantropicaldeforestationaffectoureverydaylives?Now,youshouldhavegottheanswer.11.Theunderlinedword"synthetics"probablymeans.A.naturalrubberB.tropicalmaterialsC.man-madematerialD.commercialrubber12.Inthelastparagraphtheauthortriesto.A.tellpeoplehowtoavoidthetropicaldeforestationB.persuadepeopletobuysomethingsyntheticC.showushowimportantitistoprotectthetropicalforestsD.letpeoplerealisetheeffectoftropicaldeforestation13.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Theforestsarelosingtheirfunctioninturningcarbondioxideintooxygen.B.Manyofourdailyusesarerelatedtothetropicalforests.C.Tropicalplantscanbeusedtomakeindustrialproducts.D.Highcarbondioxidelevelswillmaketheearthwarmer.14.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsthetropicaldeforestationis.A.puzzlingB.coldC.supportingD.opposed15.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TropicalForestsB.thevalueofTropicalForestsC.TropicalForests【參考答案】11—15、CCADC信息匹配。依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2022·北京模擬)Urbanization(都市化)Untilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.1.Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(鄉(xiāng)村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory—asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.Britainwasonlythebeginning.2.Theprocessofurbanization—themigration(遷移)ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.In1990,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.3.Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.4.Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite(精英)andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.5.Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.答案:1～5.EDBAF。信息匹配。(2021·南陽(yáng)模擬)Doyouknowwhatabigdreamis?1Or,isabigdreamsomethingthatprovidesonlyentertainment?Childrendreambigdreams,buttherearethreebarrierstorealizingdreams.Theyoftenkillthembeforetheyeverhaveachancetogrow.TheSelfImmediatelyfollowingthebirthofabigdream,anegativeself-talktakesoverandgivesallthereasonswhyitcannothappen.Thisinsidevoiceistheego(自我).It’sthereforprotectingandshouldbelistenedto.2Mostpeopleareinfluencedbytheinsidevoice.That’swhyonlyahandfulofpeoplemaketheirdreamscometrue.3Familyandfriendsarealotliketheego.Theywanttoprotectthosetheylove,sotheywilloftenlistallthereasonswhythebigdreamswon’tcometrue.Sometimes,familyandfriendsdestroydreamsofthoset