2021廣州市高考英語閱讀類訓(xùn)練(3)及答案【三月版】

2021廣州市高考英語閱讀類訓(xùn)練（3）及答案【三月版】閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。“Luckisamatterofpreparationmeetingopportunity，”saidtheAmericantalkshowhostOprahWinfrey.I’veneverwatchedhershow,butwhenaself－madebillionairegiveslifeadvice,it’sprobablyworthlisteningto.Herpointisthatblindluckisveryrare.Youmayhavetobeluckytofindagoodjobthesedaysbutthatdoesnotmeanyoushouldsitathomewaitingfortheopportunitytocometoyou.Ifyou’reaChinese，youmayalreadybefamiliarwiththetaleofafarmerwaitingbyatreestump(樹樁)forarabbittorunoutandbreakitsneck.AbookwrittenbytheUKpsychologistRichardWiseman,calledTheLuckFactor,argueswecanallmakeourselvesluckier.It’snotaboutgoingtoatempletoburnsomeincense(香)inhopesthatthegodswillgiveyougoodfortune；it’spracticaladviceyoucanfolloweachday.Wisemanconductedanexperimentaspartofhisstudies.Firstheseparatedvolunteersintotwogroups：thosewhosaidtheywereluckyinlifeandthosewhosaidtheywerenot.Hegaveeveryoneanewspaperandaskedthemtolookthroughittocounthowmanyphotographsithadinside.Onaverage,theunluckypeopletookabouttwominutestocountthephotographswhiletheluckypeopletookjustseconds.Why?Onthesecondpageofthenewspaper,acommand,“Stopcounting.Thereare43photographsinthisnewspaper，”waswritteninbigletters.Theunluckypeoplemostlydidnotspotthemessage.It’seasytocomparethissituationtoayoungpersonlookingforjobsinalocalpaper.Theymightsearchsohardforonetypeofpositionthattheymissanevenbetteropportunity.Peoplewhoare“l(fā)ucky”，infact,keepanopenmindanddon’tgothroughthesameroutineeveryday.IfirstcametoChinain2002whenitwasconsideredaratherstrangethingtodo.Likemanyforeigners，myplanwastoteachEnglishforoneyear.Sevenyearslater,andstillhere,I’vehadmanygreatopportunitiessuchaswritingfornewspapersandmagazines.Ididnotdreamthesewouldhavebeenpossible.I’vealsoneverbeensick,hadanaccident,gotintoafightorhadproblemswiththepolice.Coincidence?AfterreadingaboutProfessorWiseman’sstudiesIthinknot.AsWisemanadvises,Iusuallytrustmyownjudgment.Yourfriendsandparentsmaygiveyouadvicebasedonrationalthinking,butit’simportanttoconsiderhowyoufeelabouteachchoiceyoumake.Yourfeelingactsasawarningforapotentialproblem.Finally,trytoturnbadluckintogood.Evenifyoudofalldownandbreakaleg,thetimespentathomecanbeusedwiselytostudyEnglish.1.Whichofthefollowingproverbsmostagreeswiththewriter’spoint?A．Makethebestofabadjob.B．Romewasnotbuiltinaday.C．Allthatglittersisnotgold.D．Agoodheartconquersillfortune.2.WhatdoyouknowaboutOprahWinfrey?A．Shebecamefamousthroughherfamilybackground.B．Shewasveryluckyandseldomsufferedsetbacksinherlife.C．SheisaBritishtalkshowhost.D．Shebecamesuccessfulbyherowneffort.3.ThewriterquotedtheChinesetaleofafarmerinordertoshow________.A.luckisinyourownhandB．badluckcanturnintogoodC．youshouldnotsitathomewaitingfortheopportunitytocometoyouD．mancanconquernature4.Theunderlinedword“spot”istheclosestinmeaningto“________”.A．recognize B．markC．locate D．receive[解題導(dǎo)語]本文為談?wù)撐?。作者認為命運只垂青那些有所預(yù)備的人。身處逆境，不要怨天尤人，要想方設(shè)法化厄運為好運。每個人都可以做自己命運的仆人。1.解析：選A。推理推斷題。Makethebestofabadjob意為“身處山窮水盡，力爭柳暗花明”，與最終一段作者的觀點“trytoturnbadluckintogood(把厄運變好運)”最為接近。故答案為A。Romewasnotbuiltinaday意為“偉業(yè)非一日可成”；Allthatglittersisnotgold意為“閃光的東西并不都是金子”；Agoodheartconquersillfortune意為“善心克厄運”。2.解析：選D。細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的aself-madebillionaire可知美國talkshow主持人OprahWinfrey是從白手起家，通過自我奮斗而成功的。3．解析：選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的內(nèi)容可以推斷，作者引用中國“守株待兔”的故事是為了說明“人們不應(yīng)當(dāng)待在家里等待機會的降落”的觀點。4．解析：選A。詞義猜想題。依據(jù)上文語境及Theunluckypeoplemostlydidnotspotthemessage.可知spot在句中用作及物動詞，是“發(fā)覺，識別”之意。閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。Whatmakesapersonascientist？Doeshehavewaysortoolsoflearningthataredifferentfromthoseofothers？Theansweris“NO”．Itisnotwhatthetoolsthatascientistusesbuthowheusesthesetoolsthatmakeshimascientist.Youwillprobablyagreethatknowinghowtousethepowerisimportanttoacarpenter(木匠)．Youwillprobablyagree，too，thatknowinghowtoinvestigate(調(diào)查)，howtodiscoverinformation，isimportanttoeveryone.Thescientist，however，goesonestepfurther，hemustbesurethathehasareasonableanswertohisquestionsandthathisanswercanbeconfirmed(確認)byotherpersons.Healsoworkstofittheanswershegetstomanyquestionsintoalargesetofideasabouthowtheworldworks.Thescientist’sknowledgemustbeexact.Thereisnoroomforhalfrightorrightjusthalfthetime.Hemustbeasnearlyrightastheconditionspermit.Whatworksunderonesetofconditionssometimesmustworkunderthesameconditionsatothertimes.Iftheconditionsaredifferent，anychangesthescientistobservesinademonstration(演示)mustbeexplainedbythechangesintheconditions.Thisisonereasonthatinvestigationsareimportantinscience.AlbertEinstein，whodevelopedthetheoryofrelativity，arrivedatthistheorythroughmathematics.Theaccuracyofhismathematicswaslatertestedthroughinvestigations.Einstein’sideaswereshowntobecorrect.Ascientistusesmanytoolsformeasurements.Thenthemeasurementsareusedtomakemathematicalcalculationsthatmaytesthisinvestigations.1．Whatmakesascientistaccordingtothepassage?A．Thetoolsheuses. B．Hiswaysoflearning.C．Thewaysheuseshistools. D．Thedifferenttools.解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Itisnotwhatthetoolsthatascientistusesbuthowheusesthesetoolsthatmakeshimascientist.”可知。答案：C2．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Thescientist’sknowledgeisalwaysrightunderallconditions.B．Whentheconditionchanges，theresultoftheobservationmayalsochange.C．Conditionmakesnodifferencetoscientists.D．There’snopointforordinarypeopleknowinghowtoinvestigate.解析：細節(jié)理解題。由其次段“Iftheconditionsaredifferent，anychangesthescientistobservesinademonstration(演示)mustbeexplainedbythechangesintheconditions.”可知。答案：B3．“Thescientist，however，goesonestepfurther，...”theauthorsaysthistoshow________.A．theimportanceofinformationB．theimportanceofthinkingC．thedifferencebetweenscientistsandordinarypeopleD．thedifferencebetweencarpentersandpeoplewithotherjobs解析：句意理解題。上文提到了如何調(diào)查，如何發(fā)覺信息對每個人來說都很重要，下文用however引起轉(zhuǎn)折，說明科學(xué)家們應(yīng)當(dāng)更進一步，他必需確保問題有合理的答案。故此處的thescientist，however，goesonestepfurther，...用來說明科學(xué)家和一般人的不同之處。答案：C4．Ascientifictheoryshouldbeonethat________.A．notonlyworksunderonesetofconditionssometimes，butalsoworksunderthesameconditionsatothertimesB．leavesnoroomforimprovementC．doesnotallowanychangeevenunderdifferentconditionsD．canbeusedformanypurposes解析：細節(jié)理解題。由“Whatworksunderonesetofconditionssometimesmustworkunderthesameconditionsatothertimes.”可知答案。答案：A5．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Scientistsaredifferentfromordinarypeople.B．Thetheoryofrelativity.C．Exactnessisthecenterofscience.D．Exactnessandwayofusingtoolsarethekeystothemakingofascientist.解析：主旨大意題。本文第一句“Whatmakesapersonascientist？”提出了文章的主題，第一段論述“howascientistusesthesetoolsmakeshimascientist”，其次段論述“Thescientist’sknowledgemustbeexact”，故D正確。其余各項只是文章中的細節(jié)。答案：D。閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。Likemanypeopleyoumaybedreamingofacareerasarockandrollstar.Therearetwowaystogoaboutgettingone.Firstthereisthetraditionalway.Findsomefriendsandformagroup.Learntoplaytheguitarorthedrums.Writeyourownsongs.Spendhoursarguingaboutthebandname.Thengoontheroad.Thenextstepistospendayearortwotouring.Ifyouaregood,thecrowdswillgetbigger.Intheendanartistfromarecordcompanymaycometoashow.Ifheorshelikesyou，theremaybeadeal.Thisistheroutetraditionallyfollowedbybandsinthemusicindustry.Successmeansfameandwealth.Andfailuregivesyousomeinterestingstoriestotellyourchildren.Overthelastfewyearsadifferentpathtosuccesshasbecomeknown.BoybandslikeBoyzoneandgirlbandsliketheSpiceGirlsdon'tcometogetherontheirown.Theyarecreatedbymanagersandrecordcompanies.Theirimageisstrictlycontrolled.Professionalsongwritersusuallywritetheirmusic.Thisisaconvenientarrangementandthepublicseemstolovetheresult.Thoughboyandgirlbandshavebecomeverypopularrecently，thereisalongtraditionofmakingmusicinthisway.Intheearly1960'sanAmericanbusinessmancalledBerryGordyfoundedMotownRecords.Motownisshortfor“motortown”.TherecordcompanywasbasedinthecityofDetroit,wherethousandsofAfrican-Americanshadmovedtoworkinthecarindustry.Theybroughtwiththemaculturaltraditionofwritingandperformingmusic.Thisstylelaterbecameknownas“soulmusic”.BerryGordywasadiamondminer.Hetookrawtalentfromthestreetandpolishedituntilitshone.Motownstarswerenotjustgivensongstosing.Theywerealsotaughthowtodresswellandspeakproperly.1．Inthefirstparagraphthewriterseemstotellus________.A.toformabandisveryhardB.thenameofthebandisveryimportantC.newly-builtbandscanonlyperformbyroadD.toformabandisverysimple答案：D推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“First...”所在的句子可看出作者認為組成一個樂隊格外簡潔。2．Ifanewbornbandwantstosucceed,asthewritertells,itmusthavethechance________.A.totravelinbigcitiesB.toperformbeforeanartistC.tomakeanagreementwitharecordcompanyD.toexperiencefailureagainandagain答案：C細節(jié)題。依據(jù)其次段中“Intheendanartistfromarecordcompanymaycometoashow.Ifheorshelikesyou,theremaybeadeal.”可知C項正確。3．Fromthefourthparagraph，wecanconcludethat________.A.MotownwasonlyenjoyedbytheworkersinDetroitB.MotownshowedthestyleoftheblackAmericansC.DetroitusedtobefamousforitsmusicindustryD.DetroitwasfoundedbyAfrican-Americans答案：B細節(jié)題。依據(jù)該段中“..wherethousandsofAfrican-Americanshadmovedtoworkinthecarindustry.”而確定選B項。4．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatMotownstars________.A.usedtobeminersB.usedtodresspoorlyC.becameperfectlittlebylittleD.camefromBerryGordy'shometown答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“Hetookrawtalentfromthestreetandpolishedituntilitshone.”可知C項是最佳選項。完形填空。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。TheFloridasunbakedmyshouldersasIworkedalongtheI-595freewaynearFortLauderdale,pickinguprubbish.Ipausedto1thesweatoffmyforeheadandlookupatthecloudlessbluesky.“2can’titrain?”Ithought.Thatwould3thingsdown. Ithoughtaboutmy4,whowereprobablysittinginanair-conditioned5rightnow.I’dhadsomeproblemsinschool,6myparentsdecidedtoletme7full-timewithmydad,Webothworkedformyuncle,whohadtaken8ofamaintenance（道路養(yǎng)護）company.Itwasuptoustokeeptheroads9ofrubbish.Thejobwas10anddirty,especiallyonhotdays11this.IwonderedwhyIeveragreedtodoit. Wecontinuedour12routealongtheI-595,13fortheoverpassbridge.ThenInoticedanareawheresome14werebrokenontheground.Itwasn’tlikethatbefore. “Dad!Pullover!Iwantto15somethingout.” Ijumpedoffthetruckandrushedtothebridge.Somethingwastellingmeto16…therewasn’tmuchtime.17IsawaToyotathat18upsidedowninthetree.Maybeitwasastolencarthatsomebody19there,Ithought.Then,justatthat20,Inoticedsomethingmoving.Itwasabloodylegpokingoutofthedriver’ssidewindow! “Heeeelp!”aladymoaned.()1.A．wipe B．cut C．put D．send()2.A．When B．How C．Why D．Where()3.A．turn B．keep C．make D．cool()4.A．parents B．school-times C．friends D．schoolyards()5.A．office B．classroom C．restaurant D．livingroom()6.A．but B．or C．for D．so()7.A．work B．study C．stay D．spend()8.A．business B．possession C．position D．place()9.A．a(chǎn)way B．from C．far D．clear()10.A．easy