2021江蘇溧水縣高考英語一輪課外練習(xí)(3)及答案

2021江蘇溧水縣高考英語一輪課外練習(xí)（3）及答案完型填空。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從以下題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。[談?wù)撐男屯晷翁羁誡-Wealwayswantwhatwecannothave.Whenwe'reyoung,wewanttostayoutlate,haveromanticrelationships,andbe__1__.However,whenwe're__2__，wewanttogobacktobeingyoungandwe__3__thedayswhenwedidn'thavetoworryaboutcomplexloveaffairs,__4__pressure,andmoneyproblems.Youngpeoplebelieveadulthood__5__freedomfromparentsandschoolwork.Whenwegetolder，wefeelthat__6__isfreedomfromworkpressureandfamilyresponsibilities.To__7__thisfeeling,peoplesay,“Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside.”Asteenagers,weliketobelikeadultsbutasyoungadults,we__8__tobeyoungagain.Wethinkaboutstayingoutlateandhavingourownmoneytospend.Suddenly,weseethatlovecanresultin__9__hearts;stayingoutlatemakesithardtogetreadyfor__10__thenextmorning.Wefindoutthatadultlifeisnotas__11__aswethoughtitwouldbeandsuddenly,lifebecomesveryscary.Lifeisfair.Itgivesustimeto__12__butalsorequiresustowork.Thetimewillcomewhenwemustgrowupandwewillalwayslookbackwishingwe__13__beingyoungabitlonger.Thattimewillnotcomeback.Itisnormaltowantwhatwecannothavebutthe__14__isthattobehappyistoappreciatewhatwehave.Thatisthefirststeptogrowingup.__15__lifebecomesmorecomplex,wewillnotregretthetimewewastedwishingwewereadults.1.A．comfortableB．dependentC．independentD．polite2.A．olderB．defeatedC．marriedD．confident3.A．likeB．forgetC．regretD．miss4.A．studyB．jobC．a(chǎn)geD．health5.A．createsB．showsC．meansD．limits6.A．childhoodB．a(chǎn)dulthoodC．parenthoodD．romanticism7.A．reduceB．describeC．experienceD．understand8.A．wishB．decideC．returnD．stop9.A．healthyB．a(chǎn)mbitiousC．brokenD．excited10.A．breakfastB．schoolC．exerciseD．work11.A．richB．busyC．freeD．easy12.A．studyB．thinkC．playD．live13.A．stoppedB．enjoyedC．imaginedD．tried14.A．reasonB．resultC．dreamD．truth15.A．IfB．WhenC．UnlessD．BeforeB【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文敘述了年輕人期望自己很快長(zhǎng)大，由于長(zhǎng)大了就意味著自由和獨(dú)立；而成年人則期望自己能夠回到童年，由于童年沒有工作的壓力和家庭的負(fù)擔(dān)。生活總是這樣的沖突，我們要學(xué)會(huì)珍惜身邊的事物，由于那才是真正的幸福。1．C當(dāng)我們年輕的時(shí)候，我們期望自己能夠獨(dú)立。2．A年輕的時(shí)候期望長(zhǎng)大，年老的時(shí)候，我們又期望自己能夠重新年輕起來。3．D我們思念無憂無慮的、沒有壓力的日子。4．B其次段中的workpressure說明這里也是指工作的壓力，故job為正確答案。5．C年輕人認(rèn)為成年意味著可以遠(yuǎn)離父母和沒有作業(yè)。6．A成年人則認(rèn)為童年可以遠(yuǎn)離工作壓力和躲避家庭的責(zé)任。7．B這種感覺可以被描述為：“草是那邊綠(這山望著那山高)”。8．A當(dāng)我們年輕的時(shí)候，我們想要長(zhǎng)大，成為成年人。當(dāng)我們長(zhǎng)大以后，我們又期望自己再次年輕起來。9．C愛會(huì)讓人心碎。10．D玩得太晚意味著其次天早晨很難預(yù)備好去工作。11．D我們發(fā)覺成年人的生活并不像我們?cè)瓉硭氲哪菢雍?jiǎn)潔。12．C生活給我們玩的時(shí)間，也要求我們?nèi)スぷ鳌?3．B我們總是期望能夠更多地享受青春。enjoydoingsth寵愛做某事。14．D想要得到我們沒有的東西是很正常的事情。但是真相是，幸福就是觀賞我們所擁有的東西，而不是去追求那些虛無縹緲的事物。15．B當(dāng)生活變得更簡(jiǎn)潔的時(shí)候，我們不會(huì)圓滿我們把時(shí)間鋪張?jiān)诹似谕约菏浅赡耆松稀ｉ喿x理解。Theamountoftimechildrenspendininstitutionalcare（機(jī)構(gòu)式照看）mayaffecthowtheirbrainsdevelop.That’stheconclusionofanewstudycarriedoutbyresearchersattheUniversityofWisconsin,HarvardMedicalSchoolandtheUniversityofTolearnhowthelackofcareandmaterialneedsthatinstitutionalizedchildrenoftenexperienceaffectbraindevelopment,theresearcherslookedat1328-and9-year-olds.SomeofthemwereadoptedintoU.S.homesafterspendingatleastayearandthreequartersoftheirlivesininstitutionsinAsia,LatinAmerica,RussiaandEasternEurope,andAfrica.Otherswereadoptedbythetimetheywere8monthsoldintoU.S.homesfromfostercare（寄養(yǎng)）inAsiaandLatinAmerica;mostofthesechildrenhadspentnotimeininstitutionalcare,whilesomehadspentamonthortwoininstitutionspriortofosterplacement.Onaverage,theinternationallyadoptedchildrenhadbeenlivingwiththeirfamiliesformorethan6years.ThesechildrenwerecomparedtoagroupofAmericanchildrenraisedintheirbirthfamilies.Childrenadoptedearlyfromfostercaredidn'tdifferfromchildrenraisedintheirbirthfamiliesintheUnitedStates.Childrenadoptedfrominstitutionalcareperformedworsethanthoseraisedinfamiliesontestsmeasuringvisualmemoryandattention,learningvisualinformation,andimpulse（沖動(dòng)）control.Yetthesechildrenperformedatdevelopmentallyappropriatelevelsontestsinvolvingsequencingandplanning.Thetake-homemessage:Childrenmaketremendousadvancesincognitive（認(rèn)知的）functioningoncetheyreachtheiradoptivefamilies,buttheearlyimpactontheirbrains'developmentisdifficulttochangecompletely."Weidentifiedbasiclearningprocessesthatareaffectedbyearlyinstitutionalization,"notesSethPollak,professorofpsychologyandpediatricsattheUniversityofWisconsin,whowasthestudy'sleadauthor."Policiesthatspeedthetimeinwhichchildrencanberemovedfrominstitutionalizedcaresotheycandevelopwithinfamilycontextsshouldbeimplementedtodecreasethelikelihoodoflearningproblemslaterinchildren'slives."1.Thepassageismainlywrittento. A.comparetwochildcaresystems B.criticizetheinstitutionalchildcare C.presentanewresearchfinding D.introducethebasiclearningprocess答案解析：答案為C。本題為主旨大意題。本文運(yùn)用了總----分----總的寫作風(fēng)格。留意文章第一段“Theamountoftimechildrenspendininstitutionalcaremayaffecthowtheirbrainsdevelop.”意為“兒童受到機(jī)構(gòu)式照看的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短或許會(huì)影響大腦發(fā)育”，和最終一段"Policiesthatspeedthetimeinwhichchildrencanberemovedfrominstitutionalizedcaresotheycandevelopwithinfamilycontextsshouldbeimplementedtodecreasethelikelihoodoflearningproblemslaterinchildren'slives."可知，兒童應(yīng)擺脫機(jī)構(gòu)式照看，而應(yīng)在家庭環(huán)境下培育，從而降低他們以后有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的可能性”，因此，文章主旨是在陳述一種新的發(fā)覺。A，B，D都不是文章的主旨。2.Childrenhavetheirbraindevelopmentaffectedininstitutionalcarebecause. A.theysufferformpoorlivingconditions B.theyspendtoomuchtimelearning C.theydon’thavefreedomstayingthere D.theyareneitherphysicallynormentallysatisfied答案解析：答案為D。本題為細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。從文章其次段首句“Tolearnhowthelackofcareandmaterialneedsthatinstitutionalizedchildrenoftenexperienceaffectbraindevelopment,…”可知，句中“care（照看）”對(duì)應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)的“mentally（精神地）”,“materialneeds（物質(zhì)需求）”對(duì)應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)的“physically（身體地）”,故答案為D。3．Comparedwithhome-raisedchildren,institutionalizedchildrendidn’tdoaswellintaskslike. A.thinkinginpicturesandself-control B.workinginteamsandself-expression C.puttingthingsinorderandself-defense D.adaptingtotheenvironmentandself-panning.答案解析：答案為A。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章的第三段“Childrenadoptedfrominstitutionalcareperformedworsethanthoseraisedinfamiliesontestsmeasuringvisualmemoryandattention,learningvisualinformation,andimpulsecontrol.”可知，機(jī)構(gòu)式照看下的兒童比家庭環(huán)境下培育的兒童在視覺記憶、留意力、視覺信息和沖動(dòng)把握上表現(xiàn)要差”,故答案A“思考圖片和自我把握”意思符合文章的內(nèi)容。4．Itcanbeconcludedformthepassagethat. A.theUnitedStatesisagoodplaceforchildren’sall-rounddevelopment B.aperfectfamilyisbeneficialtochildren’sall-rounddevelopment C.childrenininstitutionalcarecanhardlyachieveanythinggreat D.nothinghasbeendonetohelpchildrenininstitutionalcare答案解析：答案為B。本題為主旨推斷題。結(jié)合第一題，本文是在陳述一種觀點(diǎn)，即：受到機(jī)構(gòu)式照看的兒童大腦發(fā)育會(huì)受到影響，他們應(yīng)在家庭環(huán)境下培育。A選項(xiàng)未提及；C、D選項(xiàng)太確定。故答案為B。短文改錯(cuò)。Alittlewaveisjumpingalongintheocean，havinggreattime.Heisenjoyingthewindbutthefreshairuntilhenoticestheotherwavesinfrontofhim，crashingagainstontheshore.“MyGod，thisisterribly，”thewavesays.“Lookhowisgoingtohappentome！”Thenalongcameanotherwave.Itseesthefirstwavelookeddepressed，anditaskshim，“Whydoyoulooksosad？”Thefirstwavesays，“Youdon’tunderstand！Theyareallgoingtocrash！Allofuswavesaregoingtobeeverything！Isn’tthiste