2021高考英語書面表達、閱理選練及答案12

閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。LanguageisamajorproblemfortheEuropeanUnion(EU).TheagreementortreatywhichcreatedtheorganizationthateventuallybecametheEU，theTreatyofRome，statedthateachcountry'slanguagemustbetreatedequally.Theoriginalsixcountrieshadonlythreelanguagesbetweenthem：French,GermanandDutch/Flemish.However，therearenow15countriesintheEU，withatotalof12languages.EUdocumentsmustbetranslatedintoalltheselanguages，andatofficialmeetingsthespeechesmustbetranslatedintoallthelanguagesbyinterpreters.Allthistranslatingisveryexpensiveandtimeconsuming(費時的)．ItissaidthatnearlyhalfofallemployeesoftheEUareengagedintranslatingdocumentsandspeeches，andnearlyhalfoftheEU'sadministrative(管理方面的)costsarespentonthistask.Inthenearfutureitisprobablythatseveralmorecountries，mostofthemhavingtheirownlanguages，willjointheEU，thusmakingthesituationevenworse.Theproblemisnotjustcost：therearepracticaldifficultiesaswell.With12languages，thereare132possible“translationsituations”thatmightbeneeded.Itisoftendifficulttofindpeopleintherightplaceattherighttimewhocantranslatefrom(forexample)DanishintoGreek，orDutchintoPortuguese，atahighprofessionalstandard.InpracticetheproblemhasbeenmadelessseverebytheuseofEnglishinmanycontactsbetweenEUofficials，sincealmostallofthemspeaksomeEnglish.However，anymovetoreducethenumberofofficiallanguages(perhapstofourorfive)wouldbeablowtothepriceofthesmallercountries.AnothercommonlysuggestedsolutionistomakeEnglishtheofficiallanguageforallEUbusiness.However，thisisstronglyresistedbypowerfulmembercountrieslikeFranceandGermany.1．What'sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Togiveasolutiontoaproblem.B．Tofindoutaproblemandshowhowsevereitis.C．TocriticizetheEuropeanUnionforillefficiency.D．Toshowthattheproblemcannotbesolved.答案：B推理推斷題。本文的主題是說明歐盟內(nèi)部語言問題的嚴峻性，故選D。2．Accordingtothewriter，theuseofEnglishincontactsamongEUofficialshas________.A.angeredtheofficialswhodon'tspeakEnglishB．reducedthenumberofofficiallanguagesC．lessenedtheeffectoftheproblemD．beenopposedbypowerfulmembercountries答案：C推理判斯題。依據(jù)文章第四段第一句可知本題選C。3．Thewritermentions“DanishintoGreek”asanexampleof________.A.asituationthatmightbedifficulttodealwithB．a(chǎn)situationthatoccursoftenC．oneofthe12situationsthatrequireaninterpreterD．languageseasilybeinginterpreted答案：A細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段最終一句可知本題A項正確。4．Thewritersuggeststhatifthenumberofofficiallanguageswasreduced________.A.theEUwouldnotknowwhichofficiallanguagestochooseB．countrieswhoselanguageswerenotusedofficiallywouldbeunhappyC．onlylanguageswhichareeasytotranslatewouldbeusedofficiallyD．thesmallermembercountrieswouldbepleased答案：B推理推斷題．由文章最終一段其次句可知本題選B。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。When47-year-oldvolunteerSusanBoylesteppedontothestageofBritain’sGotTalentandannouncedshewasunemployed,hadneverbeenmarriedand“neverbeenkissed,actually”,fewintheaudiencewouldhavewonderedwhy.ThisMs.Boyle,lookingunfashionable,fromavillageinScotland,shockedthethreejudgesandtheaudiencewiththesong“IDreamedaDream”fromthemusicalLesMiserablesonashowof“Britain’sGotTalent”,oneofthehottestrealityshowsinBritain.Shecouldn’thidetheawkwardnesswhenwalkingtothecenterofthestageinahousedress,andeveryone—includingthejudges—seemedlaughingatherwhenshesaidshewantedtobeassuccessfulasElainePaige.Assoonasshebegansinging,however,everyonepresentfellsilent,thenrosewithinsecondstoapplaudherincrediblevoiceasthecelebrity(名人)judgessatopen-mouthed,andremainedstandingtotheend.Afterherperformance,oneofthejudgesPiersMorgansaid,“WithoutdoubtthatwasthebiggestsurpriseI’vehadinthreeyearsofthisshow.Whenyoustoodthereeveryonewaslaughingatyou.Nooneislaughingnow.Thatwasamazing.”ActressAmandaHoldenfollowed,“IamsothrilledbecauseIknowthateverybodywasagainstyou.Ihonestlythinkthatwewereallbeingcynical(憤世嫉俗的)andIthinkthat’sthebiggestwake-upcallever.”SusanobviouslywonovertheheartsofmillionsaroundtheworldwithsensationspreadingacrosstheAtlantic.HollywoodactorsAshtonKutcherandDemiMoore—whobetweenthemhavenearly1.5millionfollowers—speakhighlyofher.Kutcherpostedalinktothevideoclip(片段).TheScottishtalentmadeherliveAmericandebut(露面)viasatelliteconnectiononCBS’sTheEarlyShow,doinganinterviewandsinginglivefromherroom.AndshealreadyacceptedaninvitationfromtalkshowhostOprahWinfrey.NowBoylehasbecomeoneoftheworld’shottestcelebrities.Thevideoclipofherperformancehasbeenviewedmorethan50milliontimesonYouTube,becomingahitontheInternet.NotlongagoshecametoChinaandwaswarmlywelcomed.64．WelearnfromthepassagethatSusanBoyle.A．rosefromalowsocialbackgroundB．hadanunhappymarriageC．wasworkinginacompanyD．wonthechampionshipintheBritain’sGotTalentshow65．Atthebeginningoftheshow,almosteveryone.A．lookedforwardtoherwonderfulperformanceB．wasattractedbyherbeautifuldressC．lookeddownuponherD．placedgreathopeonher66．Wecaninferthatcontributedmosttoherglobalpopularity.A．thejudges B．theInternet C．thenewspaper D．theadvertisement67．The4thparagraphintendstotellus. A．howSusanBoyleachievedhersuccess B．thecommentmadebyAshtonKutcherC．SusanBoyle’sinfluenceintheUSA D．OprahWinfrey’sinvitationtoSusanBoyle【參考答案】64、AC 66---67、BC閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。SydneyJ.HarrisaccompaniedhisfriendGeorgetohisfavoritenewsstand.Georgegreetedthemansellingthenewspaperspolitely,butinreturnhereceivedrudeservice.Hejustacknowledgedhiscustomerandneverevenlookedupathimwhenherequestedthelatenightedition.Acceptingthenewspaper,Georgepolitelysmiledandwishedthenewsmanapleasantweekend.Theownermadeanindiscernible(難識別的)soundandseemedrelievedthatthetwomenhadcompletedtheirdealing. Asthetwofriendswalkeddownthestreet,SydneyJ.Harrisasked,“Doeshealwaystreatyousorudely?”“Yes,unfortunately,hedoes,”Georgeresponded.“Andareyoualwayssokindandfriendlytohim?”“Yes,Iam!”Georgecontinuedastheyturnedacorner.“Whyareyousonicewhenhe’ssounfriendlytoyou?”Withalookofdeepthought,Georgeexplained,“BecauseIdon’twanthimtodecidehowI’mgoingtoact.” Whodecideshowyou’regoingtoact?Isityourcircumstances(環(huán)境)orthedifficultpeopleinyourlifethatdetermineyourresponses?Whenweallowourconflictstocontrolus,webehaveasthoughgettingridofourpredicaments(境況)isouronlychoice.Therefore,itdoesn’treallymatterhowwetreatoneanother.Forexample,wesay,“ThispersoniscausingtroublerightnowsoIdon’tcareaboutexercisingpatience,self-control,andlovingkindness.Instead,IwanttoletthemknowhowangryI’mbecauseoftheiractions.” Weforgetouractswilleventuallydiedown.Butthewaywehandleconflictswillinfluenceourlivesforalongtime.Willyouonlyrespondtothemomentarycrisis(瞬間危機)orwillyoubemoreconcernedaboutthelastingvalueofwhatkindofpersonyouarebecoming?68．WhatsurprisedSydneyJ.Harrismost? A．Georgegreetedrudepeoplepolitely.B．Thenewspaper-sellerwastoorude.C．Georgegreetedotherspolitely.D．Georgeboughtpapersinthewrongplace.69．Themansellingnewspaperswasrudebecause. A．itwaslateintothenight B．GeorgewasrudetohimC．Harrisdidn’tbuypapers D．itwashisownbehavior70．AccordingtoGeorge,whodecidedhowhewasgoingtoact? A．Thecircumstances. B．Theconflicts. C．Thedifficultpeople. D．Georgehimself.71．Accordingtothelastparagraph,whenwedealwithconflicts,weshould. A．trytowintheconflicts B．immediatelystoptheconflictsC．considerthelong-termbenefits D．letothersknowouranger【參考答案】68、ADD 71---C【深圳市2022高考英語綜合力氣測試題（8）】讀寫任務(wù)（共1小題；滿分25分）閱讀下面的短文，然后依據(jù)要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。Theactionsofinternationaldevelopmentvolunteers,andtherelationshipstheybuild,liveonlongafterthevolunteersreturnhome.OnesuchvolunteerisCarlieRocco.AftercompletinganAustralianYouthAmbassadorsforDevelopment(AYAD)role,27-year-oldCarlietravelledtoChinatotakeuptheroleofRuralDevelopmentAdvisor(詢問員)atYunnanAgriculturalUniversity.“Ihadaninterestinworkingindevelopmentandlearningnewskills,soIdecidedtovolunteertobeabletopursuethat.WehadoneprojectwhereweusedthisknowledgetogrowandcollectChinesemedicinalherbs(中藥）,andthenlinkedthemupwithChinesemedicinecompanies.”“It’sagreatwaytoacquirealotofnewskillsinashortspaceoftime…itwouldtakealotlongerifyouwantedtodothatinAustralia,toacquiresomeofthoseuniversalprofessionalskillslikerelationshipbuilding,communicationandcross-culturalskills.”Reflectingonhervolunteerexperience,CarliefeltproudofwhatshemanagedtoachievetogetherwithherlocalcolleaguesatYunnan【寫作內(nèi)容】1.以約30個詞總結(jié)Carlie作為志愿者的工作和收獲。2.以約120個詞就“志愿者工作”發(fā)表自己的看法，并包括如下要點：(1)你認為志愿者工作有何意義；(2)列舉你或他人的事例說明你的看法；(3)你認為成為一名優(yōu)秀志愿者的最重要的素養(yǎng)是什么?！緦懽饕蟆?.作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)受或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2.作文中不能毀滅真實姓名和學校名稱。【評分標準】概括精確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】讀寫任務(wù)(Onepossibleversion)AsanAustralianYouth,CarlieworkedasaRuralDevelopmentAdvisoratYunnanAsshownfromCarlie’sexperience,providingafreeserviceforothersandimprovingoneselfiswhatvolunteerworkisallabout.Myeldersisterworkedasavolunteerforthe2010GuangzhouAsianGames.Shewasresponsibleforshowingtheaudienceinandoutofthestadiumsanddemonstratingaseriesofgesturestocheeruptheathletesatthegame.Everynightwhenshegotbacklate,shewastooexhaustedtosayawordorstandup.Butshehaslearnttoappreciatewhatothershavedoneforher,whichsheusedtotakeforgranted.”Thusitcanbeseenthatgratefulnessisthemostimportantqualityforvolunteers,becausetobeanexcellentvolunteeristogiveratherthanreceive.【深圳市2022高考英語綜合力氣測試題（7）】基礎(chǔ)寫作（共1小題；滿分15分）你是學?！笆澜缛丝谂c經(jīng)濟”爭辯性學習小組成員。以下是你們的爭辯成果匯總?！緦懽鲀?nèi)容】依據(jù)下表信息，為校報寫一篇英語報道?，F(xiàn)狀與數(shù)據(jù)世界人口70億，其中中國和印度人口分別位居世界第一、其次?，F(xiàn)象與問題目前狀況令世人擔憂：1)在非洲很多貧困國家和亞洲一些國家，人口比經(jīng)濟的增長速度快；2)在日本和很多歐洲國家，低誕生率﹡地區(qū)對勞動力短缺的擔憂程度提升。專家猜想到2025或2030年，世界人口將達到80億。參考詞匯：低誕生率lowbirthrate【寫作要求】只能使用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容?！緟⒖挤段摹炕A(chǔ)寫作(Onepossibleversion)Itisreportedthattherearecurrentlysevenbillionpeopleintheworld,withChinarankingthetopmostpopulatedcountryoftheworldandIndia,thesecond.Suchalargepopulationhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousandworryingproblemsforwhichallthepeopleintheworldshowmuchconcern.Forexample,thepopulationisgrowingfasterthantheeconomyinmanyAfricanandsomeAsiancountries.Onthecontrary,itisincreasinglyworryingthatthelowbirthratesinJapanandmanyEuropeancountrieshaveresultedinlaborshortage.Expertspredictthatthepopulationoftheworldwillreacheightbillionbytheyear2025or2030.【深圳市2022高考英語綜合力氣測試題（7）】讀寫任務(wù)（共1小題；滿分25分）閱讀下面的短文，然后依據(jù)要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。Iwasdiagnosedwithcancerat31.WhenIheardthisnews,myheartsank.WhenSallyheardaboutmydiagnosis,sheapproachedmeandwassupportive.Iwassurprisedatherkindnessbecauseshewasalmostastrangertome.Ihadexpressedfearsofhavingchemotherapy(化療).Justbeforemyfirschemotherapy,shegavemeagift.Shetoldmeshe’dgivemeoneofthesegiftsjustbeforeeverychemotherapyuntilIfinishedallthetreatment.IexplainedI’dbehavingchemotherapyeveryotherweekformonthsbecauseIdidn’twanthertobeobligated(有義務(wù)的).Shetoldmethatshewantedmetosay,“WhatisSallygoingtoturnupwiththistime?”insteadof“I’vegotanotherpainfulchemotherapysession.”Eachtimeshecametoseeme,shebroughtapresent.Iwasabitembarrassedatfirst,butastreatmentwenton,Ifoundmyselflookingforwardtoabeautifullywrappedgift,suchasacandle,abookorabarofchocolate,Carefullychoosinggiftseverytime,shenevermissedone.Itdidn’tmatterwhatthegiftwas.Itmadeadifferencethatshecaredenoughtothinkofmeeveryweek,knowingIwasgoingthroughapainfulcoursethatwouldintheend,savemylife.Nowwhen