2021青島市高考英語閱讀理解自練及答案12

閱讀下列短文,從給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。體裁：談?wù)撐脑掝}：如何減壓時間：6分鐘Ourchildrenfeelstressedoutbyaneducationalsystemthatactuallyusesstressasaneducationaltechnique.It'saconstantpressureofhomeworkdeadlines，essaysandexams.Andourchildrenaretoldatayoungagethatfailingatestmeansthattheyarefailuresinlife.They'llendupnowhereiftheydon'tpassthisorthatexam.OureducationalsystemisbasedonaveryWesternideathatlifeisastruggleandyou'dbettermeasureup.It'ssurvivalofthefittest.Whilethereissometruthtothis，notasmuchaspeoplethink.Ourancestorsdidn'tdevelopaconstantstressenvironment.Backthen，stresscamequicklyandwasoverquickly，itwasn'tlikethestressofmoderneducation.Stresswasoriginallyjustashort-termbiologicalresponsetodanger；however，theconstantstressofmoderneducationrarelystops.It'slongterm，atleasttenyearsandusuallymore.Recentresearchhasshownthattheneurological(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的)responsetostressisthesameresponsethatisfoundindepression.So，what'sthesolution?Anumberhavebeenproposed，includingbutnotlimitedtothefollowing.________.Exerciseconsumesenergythatwouldotherwisebuildupinthestressresponseandcouldcausephysicalandmentalproblems.Teachrelaxationexercises.Allowingthemindandbodytorelaxcutsoffthestressresponseandreducestheneurologicalfatigue，enablingtheindividualtorecoveratleastsomewhat.Payattentiontothinking.Trainingthestressedstudenttopayattentiontohisorherownmindtoapointwhereheorsheissufficientlyawaretoshutoffthestressresponsewhennecessary.Ofcourse，there'salogicalanswertotheproblem.Justrearrangeourteachingmethodstoencourage，ratherthanprevent，thenaturalcuriosityandjoyinlearningthatweareallbornwith.Thiswouldremovethestressandprobablycutlearningtimeinhalf.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】在現(xiàn)行訓(xùn)練制度下，孩子們的壓力很大，已經(jīng)不堪重負了。作為家長和老師，應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣有效的掛念孩子減壓呢？1．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Dealingwithstressinmoderneducation.B．Helpingchildrenliveahappylife.C．Gettingridofthemoderneducation.D．Takingmeasurestolearnatschool.解析主旨大意題。這是一篇談?wù)撐?，敘述了現(xiàn)行訓(xùn)練制度下，如何掛念孩子擺脫壓力。故選A項。答案A2．Childrenfeelstressedbecause______.A．theydisliketheeducationaltechniqueB．theyhavenoabilitytofinishtheirhomeworkC．theyareconvincedhighgradesareimportantD．theysuffernumbersoffailuresintheirlife解析細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段的ourchildrenaretoldatayoungagethatfailingatestmeansthattheyarefailuresinlife可知，孩子們很小的時候就被告知考試失敗意味著他們生活中也會失敗。故選C項。答案C3．Howdidourancestorstreateducation?A．Theythoughteducationwastheonlywaytosuccess.B．Theyfelteducationcouldbringshort-termstress.C．Theybelievededucationcouldbringthebestout.D．Theyknewtheimportanceofgoodeducation.解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段的Backthen，stresscamequicklyandwasoverquickly可知，我們的祖先那時候，在訓(xùn)練方面壓力來得快，也很快結(jié)束，是短期行為，故選B項。答案B4．Whichofthefollowingisthebestfortheblank?A．Makesurethatkidsgetexercise.B．Quiteafewchildrenavoidexercise.C．Trytosaveenergyasmuchaspossible.D．Setafewlimitstoyourphysicalactivities.解析推理推斷題。運動消耗能量，否則這些能量引起壓力反應(yīng)，可能會導(dǎo)致身體和心理問題。因此讓孩子們參與運動，這樣可以減壓。故選A項。答案A5．Ifyouareateacherinahighschool______.A．youshouldrelaxyourselfasfaraspossibleB．youshouldignorethestressedstudentC．youshouldleavestudentsinagoodmoodD．youshouldsticktoyourteachingmethods解析細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章尾段可知，老師應(yīng)當(dāng)鼓舞孩子們的奇異???心，讓孩子們在愉悅中學(xué)習(xí)。故選C項。答案C【2022高考英語廣東省梅州市質(zhì)檢試卷】CTheancientEgyptiansappearedtobeamongthefirstearlycivilizationstolearnhowtogrowroses.In1888,atHawaraintheElFaiyumareaofEgypt,two-thousand-year-oldroseswerefoundinancienttombs.Thediscoverysuggestedroseswereanimportantpartofthecomplexburialceremonywhichtookplacewhenanimportantpersondied.Therosesfoundinthetombsarethoughtbymodernexpertstobetheoldestpreservedflowerseverfoundintheworld.Theymusthavebeencutanddriedbeforefloweringsothattheywouldremainundamaged.Overthecenturies,theroseshadshrunkandbecametightballs,butoncarefulexaminationitwasdiscoveredthatthepetals(花瓣)themselveswerehardlydamaged.Egypt’sskillinmass-cultivation（大面積栽培）ofrosesinearlytimesledtotheflowersbecominganimportantexportproduct.AttheheightoftheRomanEmpire,EgyptexportedlargequantitiesofrosestotheRomancourts.WealthyRomanslovedthebeautifulcolorsandsweetsmellsofroses.SotheRomansattemptedtogrowtheirownrosesandtheyeventuallymasteredtheartofmasscultivation.Egyptthendecidedtoconcentrateongrowinggraininsteadofroses,sograinsoontookoverasthenumber-oneagriculturalproductofEgypt.Roseswereappreciatedinotherearlycivilizationstoo,includingGreeceandPersia.Theyareadecorativefeatureoncoins,sculpture,andvasesdatingbackthousandsofyears.ThereisalsoevidencethatroseswerehighlyvaluedbytheChinesewhobelievedthattheflowerscouldbeusedtohelptreatawiderangeofillnesses,fromtoothachetoskinandchestdiseases.Inthemodernworld,therosehasnotlostitspopularityasthe“QueenofFlowers”—thenamegiventoitbytheGreekpoetessSappho.Eventodaymorerosesaresoldthananyotherflower.Moderntechniqueshaveenabledpeopletocreateevermorebeautifulroses.Transportationbyairmakesitpossibletogrowrosesincountrieswithfavorableclimatesandsellthemwithintwenty-fourhoursinprofitablemarketsallovertheworld.Tonsofrosesaretransportedthiswayeveryweek.RosesfromEcuador,acountryinnorthernSouthAmerica,canbeboughtinHolland,eventhoughthatcountryitselfhasahugerose-growingbusiness.36.TherosesdiscoveredatHawarain1888were______.A.buriedaboutfourthousandyearsagoB.cutaftertheyfloweredC.usedtokeepthedeadbodyfreshD.finelypreserved37.Grainreplacedrosestobecomethenumber-oneagriculturalproductofEgyptbecause_____.A.theEgyptiansshowedlessinterestinrosesB.thecompetitioninroseexportbecamefierceC.theRomanscouldgrowrosesforthemselvesD.grainwasingreatdemandintheworldmarket38.Paragraph3isdevelopedmainly_____.A.bycauseandeffect B.byorderinspaceC.byorderintime D.byexamples39.WiththeexampleofrosesfromEcuador,theauthorshows______.A.moderntechniqueshelpthecultivationofrosesB.airtransporthelpstherosetradeworldwideC.rosesgrowninEcuadorareworld-famousD.rosesaresoldmorethananyotherflower40.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.QueenofflowersB.Historyofgrowingroses C.BigarcheologicaldiscoveryD.Rosetradearoundtheworld【參考答案】36-40DCDBA本文是說明文。文章介紹了花中女王——玫瑰。36.D。細節(jié)理解題。由第一段的theywouldremainundamaged和thepetalsthemselveswerehardlydamaged可知，這些出土的玫瑰保存完好。37.C。細節(jié)理解題。由其次段的SotheRomans…masteredtheartofmasscultivation可知，羅馬人最終把握了大面積栽培玫瑰的技術(shù)，不需要大量進口埃及人的玫瑰了，因此埃及人把種植谷物放到了首位。38.D。寫作手法題。本段介紹了玫瑰在其他文明古國一樣受歡迎，列舉了玫瑰在希臘、波斯、中國的用途。39.B。推理推斷題。聯(lián)系上一句Transportationbyair...allovertheworld可知，空運促成了玫瑰銷售的全球化。這個例子正是用來說明這一點。40.A。標(biāo)題歸納題。本文對玫瑰栽培的歷史和當(dāng)今玫瑰產(chǎn)業(yè)進行了簡要介紹。第四段提到了the“QueenofFlowers”，因此用A項作標(biāo)題格外恰當(dāng)?！?022高考英語廣東省梅州市質(zhì)檢試卷】DAustraliancitiescankeeptheirnativewildlife—butonlyiftheycankicktheirhabitofurbansprawl(無方案的擴展).That’sthefindingofanewstudybyleadingAustralianenvironmentalresearchersJessicaSushinsky,ProfessorHughPossinghamandDrRichardFullerofTheUniversityofQueensland.“Whileurbandevelopmentusuallyreducesthenumberofbirdsinacity,buildingmorecompact(緊湊的)citiesandavoidingurbansprawlcanslowthesereductionsgreatly,”saysleadauthorJessicaSushinsky.“Compacthousingdevelopmentleavesbirds’homesuntouched,leadingtofewerlossesofbirds.”TheresearcherssurveyednativeandwildbirdsinBrisbane’surbanareas,includinglivingandindustrialareas,publicparksandgardens,majorroadwaysandairports.Theythenusedstatisticalmodelingtofindoutwhatwillhappentothebirdsasthecitygrows.Thefirstsettingwascompactgrowth—wheremultiplehomesarebuiltonlandthatpreviouslyhadonlyonehouse.Thesecondsettingwassprawlinggrowth—afamiliarpatternwherehomesarebuilthereandtherebeyondthecity’scurrentboundaries.Theteam’sforecastsshowedthatamuchgreaterdiversityofspecieswaslostover20yearsinthesprawlingsettingcomparedtothemorecompactsetting.“Urbansprawlresultedinthedisappearanceofmanyurban-sensitivebirds—birdsthatonlyliveinareaswherethereisnativevegetation(植被),suchasparklandsandwoodlands,”MsSushinskysays.“Ontheotherhand,wefoundthecitywiththecompactdevelopmentattractedmorebirdsbecauseitkeptmoreofitsparksandgreenareas.”NowtheQueenslandGovernmenthasadoptedthemorecompacturbangrowthstrategy,which,DrRichardFullersays,isgoodnewsforAustralia’snativebirds.Thesebirdsareenvironmentalspecialists—theyneedaparticularenvironmenttodowell.“Whilecompactdevelopmentmeanssmallerbackyards,itcanalsomakeourentirecitiesmorebiodiverse,”accordingtoDrFuller.“Thestudyshowsthatweshouldholdontoourgreenspacesinsteadofclearingthemforsprawlingdevelopment.”Thisisthefirsttimesciencehasmodeledtheeffectsofdifferenturbangrowthstrategiesonbirds,theresearcherssay.“Statisticalmodelsliketheseareimportantbecausetheyhelpustounderstandtheecologicalconsequencesofaparticulardecision,”saysDrFuller.41.Thestudydealswiththerelationshipbetween______.A.citydevelopmentandbirdsB.theenvironmentandbirdsC.humansandwildlifeD.climateandwildlife42.Whyiscompacturbangrowthbetterthanthesprawlingstrategy?A.Itmakesthecitiesmorebeautiful.B.Itgivespeoplelargerbackyards.C.Itismoney-saving.D.Itisbird-friendly.43.DrRichardFullerthinkstheQueenslandGovernment’saction______.A.isreallybraveB.isworthpraisingC.hasanuncertainfutureD.shouldbeperformednationwide44.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromthepassage?A.Itisbasedonthestatisticsinthepast.B.Itisstronglyagainsturbandevelopment.C.ItcriticizesthecityenvironmentinBrisbane.D.Itsuggestsleavingmoregreenspacesforbirds.45.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Atravelguide.C.Ahealthmagazine. D.Ahistorybook.D篇(環(huán)境)41-45ADBDA本文是新聞報道。澳大利亞爭辯者發(fā)覺：緊湊型的城市進展能夠使得城市保留大量綠地，為鳥類供應(yīng)良好的生存空間。41.A。細節(jié)理解題。由其次段的urbandevelopmentusuallyreducesthenumberofbirdsinacity,buildingmorecompactcitiesandavoidingurbansprawlcanslowthesereductionsgreatly和最終一段可知，該爭辯關(guān)注的是城市進展方式與鳥類之間的關(guān)系。42.D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的wefoundthecitywiththecompactdevelopmentattractedmorebirdsbecauseitkeptmoreofitsparksandgreenareas可知，緊湊型的城市進展模式有利于鳥類在城市的生存。43.B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段的which,DrRichardFullersays,isgoodnewsforAustralia’snativebirds可知，DrRichardFuller贊揚昆士蘭政府的做法。44.D。細節(jié)理解題。由第一段的kicktheirhabitofurbansprawl和第五段的wefoundthecitywiththecompactdevelopmentattractedmorebirdsbecauseitkeptmoreofitsparksandgreenareas及倒數(shù)其次段的Thestudyshowsthatweshouldholdontoourgreenspacesinsteadofclearingthemforsprawlingdevelopment可知，爭辯人員主見緊湊型進展，讓城市保留大量綠地。45.A。文章出處題。由文章第一段的That’sthefindingofanewstudyby...可知，本文最有可能選自一篇新聞報道。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Grandmacelebratedherfifty-thirdbirthdayjustweeksbeforegrandpadiedofcancerin1965.Althoughhispassingwasverydifficultforher,Ithinktheirsharedstruggletomakehislifelongertaughtgrandmathatgoodhealthwasnottobetakenforgranted,andshemadeuphermindtolivetherestofherownlifeasfullyandaslongasshecould.Oneday,whensheannouncedtoattendlessonsattheFredAstaireDanceStudioinPortland,Isupposegrandma'sprimarymotivationforwantingtolearntodancewassocial.Shehadbeenashygirl,alwaysverytallandheavy,andhadmarriedintograndpa'squietlifestylebeforedevelopinganyeleganceorconfidenceinherpersonalappearance.Dancing,ontheotherhand,filledherlifewithflashlights,wonderfulparties,beautifuldresses,handsomeyoungdanceinstructors,andthechallengeoflearning.Althoughtheweeklydancelessonsdidnotchangeherample,two-hundred-poundfigure,grandmasurprisedeveryonewithenergeticperformancesonthedancefloor,whichsoongaveherasmucheleganceandconfidenceasanyMissAmericancompetitor.Havingtakenweeklydancelessonsforyears,mygrandmalearnedvariousdanceseasilyandwassoonparticipatingindancingmatchesallovertheNorthwest.WhenIwasfourteen,grandmaproudlyinvitedmetowatchhercompeteinoneofthesematchestobeheldinthegrandballroomoftheRedLionInn.Myattitudewasstillunenthusiasticatthatpoint,buttomakeherhappy,mymotherandIattendedt