【名師課堂】2021高考人教版英語一輪課堂演練：必修1-Unit-5-Nelson-Mandela

[課堂演練]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫依據(jù)漢語注釋及首字母提示寫出下列單詞的正確形式。1.Russiawonthebidforthe2022WorldCupbecausetheygotmost________(投票)．2.Thisbusinesscompanywas________(建立)in1724.3.Heexaminedthe________(質(zhì)量)ofthebookscarefully.4.Howmucharetheyw______topay?5.Theboywasr______forbringingbackthelostdog.6.Hewass______tothreeyearsinprison.答案：1.votes2.founded3.quality4.willing5.rewarded6.sentencedⅡ.選詞填空introuble;blowup;turnto;loseheart;asamatteroffact1.Disneydidn't________thoughhefailedmanytimes.2.Apoliceofficerwaskilledwhenhiscar________.3.Hewill________histeacherforhelpwhenhemeetssomedifficultiesinEnglish.4.Ifyoucan'tpaythebill,you'regoingtobe________.5.Iwon'tgowithhim；________，Ihatestayingwithhim.答案：1.loseheart2.blewup3.turnto4.introuble5.asamatteroffactⅢ.單句語法填空1．Throughthereform,theeconomicsituationofChina________________(turn)muchbetterthanitusedtobe.答案：turnedout解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語。turnout結(jié)果是；證明是。2．Inthegreatfire，hewasfortunatetoescape________________(kill)．答案：beingkilled解析：考查escape的用法。句意：在大火中，他很幸運(yùn)地逃脫了死亡。escapedoingsth.“逃脫做某事”，kill與he之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。3.Heisamanwholacksexperienceanddetermination,andIthinkheisnotequal________thejob.答案：to解析：句意：他是一個(gè)缺乏閱歷和意志薄弱的人，所以我認(rèn)為他不能勝任這份工作。equal意為“勝任的”時(shí)，常與介詞to連用。4．WiththevictoryattheFrenchOpen,LiNahasreachedNO.4intheworld，________(equal)thepreviousAsianrecord.答案：equaling解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。依據(jù)主語全都原則，LiNa與equal為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，意為與以前的亞洲記錄持平。5．________________________(第一次)IsawBob,hewassurfingtheInternetathome.答案：Thefirsttime解析：thefirsttime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，起連詞作用。句意：我第一次看到鮑勃的時(shí)候，他正在家上網(wǎng)。6.EliaswenttoseeNelsonMandela,ablacklawyerthen,foradvicewhenhewas________trouble.答案：in解析：考查介詞短語introuble“處于逆境中”。7．Thetimehehasdevotedinthepasttenyears________________(help)thedisabledisnowconsidered________________(be)ofgreatvalue.答案：tohelping;tobe解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。devotetimetodoingsth.句型中to為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞，意為“花時(shí)間干某事”；beconsideredtobe...“被認(rèn)為是……”。8．Aspartoftheexam,theheadmaster________________(set)asituationtotestthestudents'abilityofmakingdecisions.答案：setup解析：句意：作為考試的一部分，校長設(shè)立了一種情形來考查同學(xué)作出打算的力量。setup意為“創(chuàng)設(shè)；設(shè)立；成立”，符合句意。9．Onlybyincreasingthenumberofdoctorsby50percent______________________________(病人才能被治療)properlyinthishospital.答案：canthepatientsbetreated解析：題干的意思是：“只有把這家醫(yī)院醫(yī)生的人數(shù)增加50%，病人才能得到適當(dāng)?shù)闹委??！薄皁nly＋狀語”位于句首時(shí)，句子須用部分倒裝語序。10．—Whatdoyouwanttodonext?Theopeningceremonyofthegamesisstarting.—________________________.Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme.答案：It'suptoyou解析：考查情景交際。依據(jù)下一句Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme(不管你想做什么對(duì)我來說都可以)可知，It'suptoyou“你來打算吧”。[實(shí)戰(zhàn)力量·提升]Ⅳ.完形填空[2022·信息猜測卷]Myfather-in-law,Mr.Lucky,wasthankfulforthesimplethingsinlife.Hiswife,Flora,allowedhimto__1__onescratch-offticketperweek.Somehow,thatticketalways__2__beingthewinningone.“Sendsomeofthatmagicdustourway,Lucky，”hiscoworkerslaughedastheycarriedofftheir__3__tickets.“We'reallluckytobeliving，”he'dreply.AsMr.Luckygrewolder,he__4__fromhearingloss.Itwouldhavebeenagreatproblemtoothers.NotMr.Lucky,however.Hewasseatedinthebreakroomoneafternoonwhenaweatherannouncementcame.“Atornado(龍卷風(fēng))warninghasbeenissuedforthearea.Pleasebe__5__oftheconditions！”Dadlookedup.“Atomatowarning!What'swrongwiththetomatoes？”heshoutedin__6__.Hiscoworkerssimply__7__theirheads.“Youreallyneedtoseeaboutsomehearingaids,Lucky!Getyourselftoadoctor！”ThatafternoonasDaddrovehomethroughthe__8__，hefounditimpossibletosee.Amileuptheroad,he__9__intothebackofaphysician'scar.Withhislicenserevoked(吊銷),therewasno__10__buttomoveourparentstoVirginiawherewecoulddrivethemaroundtown.IfoundDadapart-timejobatamallwithinwalkingdistance.Beforethemallopenedeachday,Dadwould__11__Dillard'sdepartmentstore.There,he'dcleanthefloorsand__12__allthetrashcans.“I'mthe__13__manontheEarth，”he'dcommentontherainyorcolddays.“Ihaveawonderfulwife,twoterrificsonsandtheirfamilies,ajobthatIlove,andalittlespare__14__inmypocket.Itdoesn'tgetany__15__thanthat！”IoftenwonderedwhythemanageratDillard's__16__tokeepDadon.Hiseyesightwassobadthathecouldn'tpossiblyseewellenoughtoclean__17__.Onemorning,Ilookedthroughtheperfumecounter__18__forDadtogetoffwork.Icouldhearhimsinginginthedistanceashe__19__.Suddenly,oneofthesalesclerkschuckled(輕聲地笑)．“Comeon,Mr.Lucky,tellmeanotherjoketobrightenmymorning.”Ispottedthemanagerofthestorequietlychucklingnearby.Suddenly,I__20__.Mr.LuckyspreadmagicdustalloverDillard'sdepartmentstore.1.A.sell B.purchaseC.order D.make2．A.endedup B.beganwithC.tookup D.turnedup3．A.valuable B.expensiveC.worthy D.worthless4．A.learned B.sufferedC.fell D.retired5．A.tired B.afraidC.aware D.fond6．A.delight B.hurryC.general D.surprise7．A.shook B.noddedC.turned D.raised8．A.crowd B.stormC.street D.cloud9．A.drove B.wentC.crashed D.got10．A.alternative B.needC.possibility D.use11．A.driveto B.headforC.breakinto D.callup12．A.fill B.buyC.empty D.bring13．A.oldest B.luckiestC.poorest D.richest14．A.change B.ticketC.book D.house15．A.worse B.betterC.longer D.colder16．A.stopped B.askedC.continued D.regretted17．A.carefully B.properlyC.quickly D.slowly18．A.waiting B.watchingC.caring D.intending19.A.walked B.shoppedC.danced D.worked20．A.laughed B.understoodC.remembered D.recovered[文章大意]一位老人，聽力下降，視力也消滅了問題，但他始終對(duì)生活布滿期望，從不埋怨，格外滿足，正是這種樂觀向上的生活態(tài)度，使得他成為了一個(gè)真正幸運(yùn)的人，也感染了四周的人。1．B。依據(jù)下文可知，是“買”一種“刮刮樂”彩票。2．A。Mr.Lucky好像比其他人更幸運(yùn)，由于他的彩票往往最終獲獎(jiǎng)。endup“最終成為”符合語境。3．D。其他人買的彩票沒有中獎(jiǎng)，因此這些刮開的、沒有中獎(jiǎng)的彩票就“一文不值”了。4．B。下文的事例表明，Mr.Lucky聽力下降，聽不清了，所以這里應(yīng)當(dāng)用suffer表示“患病”。5．C。這里是天氣預(yù)報(bào)，提示人們“留意天氣狀況”，用beawareof。6．D。Mr.Lucky由于聽力不好，把tornadowarning(龍卷風(fēng)警報(bào))聽成了tomatowarning(西紅柿警報(bào))，因此他自己也感到“驚異”。7．A。他的同事們拿他的聽力沒有方法，只能無奈地“搖搖頭”。8．B。由前文提到的龍卷風(fēng)警報(bào)可知，Mr.Lucky在回家途中應(yīng)當(dāng)是遇到了“風(fēng)暴”，故用storm。9．C。由于風(fēng)暴，所以視線不好，結(jié)果“撞在”一位醫(yī)生的汽車上。crashinto“碰撞，撞擊”。10．A。Mr.Lucky駕照被吊銷，無法開車，因此作者沒有“選擇”，只能將父母接到Virginia，由作者夫婦開車接送。11．B。Mr.Lucky在一個(gè)購物中心做兼職，每天購物中心開門前，他就往那兒趕，故此處應(yīng)用headfor“前往……到……去”。12．C。與上文打掃地板相對(duì)應(yīng)，這里應(yīng)為“倒空”垃圾桶。13．B。依據(jù)Mr.Lucky下文的話可知，他對(duì)自己的生活格外滿足，認(rèn)為自己是“最幸運(yùn)的”人。14．A。自己擁有那么多：妻子、兒子一家人、工作，還有一點(diǎn)兒“閑錢”，與下文pocket相對(duì)應(yīng)。15．B。這個(gè)狀況已經(jīng)是最好，不行能“更好”了，說明Mr.Lucky格外滿足。“否定詞＋比較級(jí)”相當(dāng)于最高級(jí)，故選B。16．C。作者納悶兒，Mr.Lucky視力不好，打掃衛(wèi)生的工作“質(zhì)量”可能會(huì)受到影響，那家店的經(jīng)理為什么還要“連續(xù)”讓他留任呢？17．B。參見上題解析。properly“適當(dāng)?shù)亍狈险Z境。carefully指態(tài)度方面；quickly，slowly指速度方面。18．A。由后面的“getoffwork”可知，這里指作者在等待Mr.Lucky下班。19．D。作者在等Mr.Lucky下班，故此處是在描寫Mr.Lucky工作時(shí)的情形，故選worked。20．B。作者最終明白了，是Mr.Lucky樂觀的精神感染了這個(gè)店鋪，大家都離不開他。Ⅴ.閱讀理解[2022·山西省高三班級(jí)四校聯(lián)考]ForasmuchasIlovenature,it'sremarkablethatIgrewupinafamilythatdidn'tspendalotoftimethere.TheLudlowsweren'tcampers,hikers,orbeachgoers.That'snottosaywedidn'tgooutdoors.Wejustdidn'tstaytherelong.Mydad'sfavoritewaytorelaxwastositonthepatio(露臺(tái))withaglassoficedtea.He'dpresideoverhisfreshlymowedlawn,enjoythebirdsandwatchforthefox.Butwhenthesunwentdown,hewentinside.Lotsofkidsgrowupgazingatthestars,knowingtheconstellations(星座).Me?Inevernoticedthestars.Inmyearlychildhood,thedarkeningshadowofeveningwasthesignalthatitwastimetohightailithomefromtheparkonmybike.ThenImetthesky.IsawitthesummerbeforemyseventhgradewhenwetookafamilytriptoWyoming.Inmymentalphotoalbum,IfeelthemistofOldFaithful,IsmellthestorewheremydadboughtacowboyhatandIshiverinmysleepingbagontheovernightraftingtripdowntheSnakeRiver.Onenight,Dadhadarrangedforustosleepinatepee.Whentheflamesdieddownafterourcampfiredinner,hekeptmylittlesister,Sara,Mom,andmeoutside,wrappedusinblanketsandtoldustolookup,wait,andwatch.Asmyeyesadjusted,thestarsappeared.Theblackwasfilledwithwhite.Dadrevealedtheuniverse.Decadeslater,Icravewalksinthewoods,Ilovetositbyalakeforhours,andasunsetmesmerizes(使著迷)me.AndeverywhereIgo,IlookupandsearchfortheheavenIsawthatnight.Ihaven'tyettoseethatskyagain,soutterlyaglow.Idon'tknowwhetherthat'sbecausemykidmemoryblewitoutofproportionorbecauseourlit-upworldmakesseeingthetrueskyallbutimpossible.IjustknowIhaven'tstoppedlooking.1．Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A．TheLudlowsliketravellingandcamping.B．TheLudlowsnevergoouttonature.C．Theauthorhasalovefornaturebecauseofhisfamily.D．It'snoticeableforanaturelovertobebornintotheLudlows.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．ThatnightskyinWyomingimpressedtheauthor.B．Theauthorhasnochancetowalkinthewoodsdecadeslater.C．Fewkidsgrowupgazingatthestarsandknowingtheuniverse.D．TheauthorhastogiveuphissearchoftheskyhemetinWyoming.3.What'stheautor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tolookbackonherchildhood.B．Toexpresshowmuchsheisattachedtoherfather.C．TodeclarehowmuchshelovesnatureinOldFaithful.D．Torecallaninspiringsummernightspentgazingatthesky.[文章大意]作者敘述了一個(gè)夏天的晚上與父親一起凝視星空的感人故事。1．D。推理推斷題。由第一段中的“ForasmuchasIlovenature,it'sremarkablethatIgrewupinafamilythatdidn'tspendalotoftimethere.”可推知D項(xiàng)正確。remarkable意為“值得留意的”，與D項(xiàng)中的noticeable對(duì)應(yīng)。2．A。推理推斷題。由文章最終兩段的內(nèi)容可推知，在Wyoming凝視天空的那個(gè)夜晚給作者留下了深刻的印象，故選A項(xiàng)。3．D。寫作意圖題。文中作者主要回憶了在OldFaithful的一個(gè)夜晚與父親一起凝視天空的事，故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅵ.書面表達(dá)隨看經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)展和人們生活水平的提高，越來越多的私家車消滅了，請(qǐng)依據(jù)自己的了解，簡潔描述利與弊，并針對(duì)私家車帶來的弊端闡述自己的見解。留意：1.文章的開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．詞數(shù)：100左右。Withthedevelopmentofeconomicsas