2021年高考英語考點總動員系列-專題03-介詞和介詞短語(原卷版)

【母題再現(xiàn)】題型介紹：介詞短語的用法和介詞基本詞義辨析考點，是英語高考命題的熱點之一。在高考中主要考查點有：介詞的基本用法辨析、介詞短語的用法等。命題形式：本考點在高考中的命題形式主要有：1.單選填空（毀滅在自主命題區(qū)）；2.語法填空（短文填空）（毀滅在全國卷中）3.短文改錯。高考選題：題型1：【2022·全國大綱卷】29.September30istheday_______whichyoumustpayyourbill.A.by B.for C.withD.in題型2：【2022·福建卷】短文填詞（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)以下提示：1）漢語提示，2）首字母提示，3）語境提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填人一個適當?shù)挠⒄Z單詞，所填單詞要求意義精確，拼寫正確，并將該詞完整地寫在答題卡中相應的橫線上。Manyofuswereraisedwiththesaying"Wastenot,wantnot.”Noneofus,(76)_h,cancompletelyavoidwasteinourlives.Anykindofwasteisthoughtless.Whetherwewasteourpotentialtalents,ourowntime,ourlimitednatural(77)（資源）,ourmoney,orotherpeople'stime,eachofuscanbecomemoreawareandcareful.Thesmallestgoodhabitscanmakeabig(78)_d.It'sagoodfeelingtoknowinourheartswearedoingour(79)hinaworldthatisinserioustrouble.Byfocusingon(80)（節(jié)?。﹐il,water,paper,food,andclothing,weareplayingapart(81)cuttingdownonwaste.Wemustkeepreminding(82)（白己）thatitiseasiertogetintosomething(83)itistogetoutofit.Actually,severedamage(84)d____toourlandisfairlyrecentinthehistoryofourevolution.It'stimeforusto(85)____notowastesothatourgrandchildren’schildrenwillbeabletodevelopwell.Wecan'tsolvealltheproblemsofwaste,butwecanencouragemindfulness.Wastenot！題型3：【2022·全國新課標II】短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Mydreamschoolstartsat8:30a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidn’tneedtodosomanyhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.Theyarenotonlyourteachersbutalsoourfriends.解題技巧：介詞是英語中最活躍的詞類之一。使用頻率相當高，用法多而雜，一個介詞可能有多種不同的用法；一個相近的意思又可以用不同的介詞表達。所以在二輪的備考中必需逐一把握每個介詞的用法；弄清楚易混介詞的用法異同；能夠依據(jù)具體語境機敏運用介詞。解答此類試題，可以從以下幾個方面著手考慮：解答介詞類試題應留意：1.考查常用介詞的基本用法英語的常用介詞包括in，at，on，by，to，for，after，before，about，over，above，with，under等，命題者在對這類考點命題時往往會要求考生結(jié)合特定的句子進行語境理解。2.考查習語性介詞短語的用法英語中習語性介詞短語有很多，如atcost按成本；beyondbelief難以置信；byaccident偶然地，意外地；forexample例如；outofreach無法拿到；等等。3.考查特定詞語與特定介詞的搭配有不少形容詞、名詞、動詞等在與介詞搭配時，往往有自己的習慣。4.考查復合介詞的用法復合介詞指的是由兩個或兩個以上單詞組成的介詞，它們可能是由“副詞十介詞”構(gòu)成，如alongwith，apartfrom，togetherwith，upto等；可能由“動詞（形容詞、連詞等）+介詞”構(gòu)成，如exceptfor，owingto，dueto,butfor，becauseof等；也可能由“介詞十名詞十介詞”構(gòu)成，如bymeansof，inadditionto，incomparisonwith，onaccountof，withregardto等【考點揭秘】高頻考點一：考查常用介詞詞義辨析【浙江省寧波市2022屆高三其次次模擬】Jack,what’syourmainreasonforchoosingonerestaurant______another?A.from B.over C.on D.by高頻考點二：考查復合介詞的用法【浙江省寧波市十校2022屆高三三月聯(lián)考】Insuchabackground,hiswhitehairwasparticularlyhisdarkskin． A．inrelationto B．inneedofC．incontrastto D．infavorof高頻考點三：考查習語性介詞短語的用法【浙江省紹興市第一中學2022屆高三上學期回頭考】—WhatdoyouthinkofThomas? —Well,heisgood,warm-hearted,hard-workingandintelligent;_______,Ican’tspeaktoohighlyofhim. A.inawordB.asaresultC.bythewayD.onthecontrary高頻考點四：考查特定詞語與特定介詞的搭配【浙江省紹興縣魯迅中學2022屆高三一般高等學校招生5月適應性考試】Peopleinthesecountriesdemandequaltreatmentforall,____race,religionorsex.A.indefenceofB.regardlessofC.insteadofD.insupportof【直擊高考】1.【2022·浙江卷】18.

There’snoreasontobedisappointed.______,thiscouldberatheramusing.

A.Aboveall

B.Asaresult

C.Inaddition

D.Asamatteroffact2.【2022·重慶卷】7.Shedrovesofastattheturnthatthecaralmostwent_______theroad.A.on B.along C.from D.off3.【2022·北京卷】23.Janeisinahurrybecausethetraintotheairportleaves_______halfanhour.A.by B.inC.for D.until4.【2022·天津卷】6._______theschool,thevillagehasaclinic,whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.A.InreplytoB.InadditiontoC.InchargeofD.Inplaceof5.【2022·江西卷】25.Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievingfinancialindependence.___;itcouldjustputyouindebt.A.InotherwordsB.AllinallC.AsaresultD.Ontheotherhand6.【2022·江西卷】33.ItisunbelievablethatMr.Lucasleadsasimplelife__hisgreatwealth.A.withoutB.despiteC.inD.to7.【2022·福建卷】22.Ourclubisopentoeveryone____age,sexoreducationalbackground.A.duetoB.exceptforC.alongwithD.regardlessof8.【2022·湖北卷】Checkcarrots，potatoes,onionsandanyothervegetables_____ andimmediatelyuseorthrowawayanywhichshowsignsofrotting.A.indemand B.instore C.onloan D.onsale9.【2022·江蘇卷】24.Tomalwaysgoesjogginginthemorningandheusuallydoespush-upstootostay________.A.inplace B.inorder C.inshape D.infashion10.【2022·陜西卷】14.TheScottishgirl________blueeyeswonthefirstprizeintheFifthChineseSpeechContest. A.by B.of C.in D.with11.【2022·浙江卷】10.

Whilestayinginthevillage,Jamesunselfishlysharedwhateverhehadwiththevillagers

without

askingforanything______.

A.inreturn

B.incommon

C.inturn

D.inplace【課后反饋】夯實基礎：1．【浙江省臺州市2022屆高三下學期三月第一次模擬】Circumstancesarehumancontrol,butourconductisinourownpower.A.within B.against C.beyond D.below2．【浙江省溫州市十校聯(lián)合體2022屆高三上學期期中聯(lián)考】Drunkdriving,whichwasonceafrequentoccurrence,isnow______.A.underdebateB.undercontrolC.underconstructionD.underinvestigation3．【浙江省溫州市十校聯(lián)合體2022屆高三上學期期中聯(lián)考】—IwassurprisedtoseewildflowersinAlaska.—Manypeoplethinkthereisnothingthere_______iceandsnow.A.butfor B.ratherthan C.apartfrom D.regardlessof4．【浙江省溫州中學2022屆高三上學期期末考試】Youcantaketherestofthepiewithyou.___________,Iwishyouwould,sinceI’monadiet.A.OntheotherhandB.AsamatteroffactC.AsaconsequenceD.Inadditiontoit5．【浙江省諸暨中學2022屆高三上學期期中】OnlylaterdidMaryrealizethatshehadatalent_____gardendesign.A.with B.to C.for D.of力氣拓展：6．（英語卷·2022屆江蘇省揚州中學高三模擬考試（5月））________theHongKongsinger’scurrentpopularity,shewaslargelyunknownintheChinesemainlandbeforethetalentshow.A.WithB.DespiteC.BesidesD.Beyond7．（江蘇省清江中學2022屆高三第一次月考）Mybrotherisn’tverygoodatEnglish,but_____maths,heissecondtonone.A.inviewofB.infaceofC.intermsofD.infavorof8．（江蘇省南京市、鹽城市2022屆高三其次次模擬（淮安三模）英語試題）—I'dlikeJohnsontotakethejob.—Heis____.Betternotaddtohisworkload.A.outofplaceB.outoforderC.outofshapeD.outofquestion9．（江蘇省泰州市姜堰區(qū)2022屆高三上學期期中考試英語試題）______thenumbersinemployment,thehotelindustrywasthesecondlargestindustryinthiscountrylastyear.A.InspiteofB.IncaseofC.IntermsofD.Infavorof10．【2022屆四川省成都市樂山一中高三10月月考試題】It’smewhysomepeoplearecrazyaboutiPhone.It’sjustameansofcommunication.A.aboveB.underC.beyondD.over自我提升：11．【2022屆四川省成都七中高三下學期英語試題】Ithinkitunwisetolive______one’sincome,asisthecasewithalotofyoungpeopletoday,whooftenturntotheirparentsforhelp.A.beyond B.within C.outside D.over12．【2022屆四川省成都石室高三上學期一診模擬考試（二）試題】Hecanspeakfourlanguages,_______English,French,Japanese,andChinese.A.suchas B.forinstanceC.forexample D.namely13．【2022屆四川省涼山州高三其次次診斷性測試試題】Theyaresimilar＿＿＿appearance,butdiffer＿characterA.to;fromB.in;fromC.to;inD.in;in14．【2022屆甘肅蘭州一中高考沖刺卷二】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MostAmericansdon’tliketogetadvice_____1______membersoftheirfamily.Theygetadvicefrom“_____2_____（strange）”.Whentheyneedadvice,theydon’tusuallygotopeopletheyknow._____3_____manyofthemwriteletterstonewspapersandmagazines_____4____giveadviceonmanydifferentsubjects,_____5_____（include）familyproblems,theuseoflanguage,health,cooking,childcare,clothes,andevenonhow____6______（buy）ahouseoracar.Mostnewspapersregularlyprintlett