03（Chat GPT在教育屆引熱議2023年感動中國人物《三體》古箏行動中國大飛機）-沖刺2023年中考英語時事熱點必讀（原卷版）2

2023年中考英語必讀時事熱點(3)文章導讀一、閱讀理解：ChatGPT火爆全球，在教育界引起了爭議。二、閱讀理解：2022年感動中國十大人物之一——徐夢桃。燒烤爐溫暖的童年，傷病困擾的青春，近在咫尺的金牌，最終披上肩膀的國旗，全場最高難度，這是創(chuàng)紀錄的翻轉(zhuǎn)，更是人生的翻轉(zhuǎn)！桃之夭夭，灼灼其華；夢之芒芒，切切其真。三、閱讀理解：科學家開發(fā)跨物種翻譯機，實現(xiàn)人類與動物對話四、閱讀理解：電視劇《三體》中“古箏行動”相關的技術在現(xiàn)實中是否可行。五、閱讀理解：為什么英國的移動支付不如中國普遍？六、閱讀理解：中國大飛機“啟航”首架C919今年年底交付七、書面表達：勞動是一種鍛煉，是一種美德，是一種修養(yǎng)，勞動是社會中每個人不可推脫的義務。閱讀理解ChatGPT,asmartAIchatbot(聊天機器人)tool,hasswepttheeducationworldinthepastmonths.AccordingtoaUSsurveyofmorethan1,000students,over89percentofthemhaveusedChatGPTtohelpwithahomeworkassignment.DevelopedbyUScompanyOpenAI,ChatGPTisapowerfultool.Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,createrecipes(食譜),translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.

SomeschoolsintheUS,AustraliaandFrancehavebanned(禁止)theuseofChatGPT.IntheUS,forexample,NewYorkCitypublicschoolsbannedstudentsandteachersfromusingChatGPTonthedistrict’snetworksanddevices(設備).Themovecomesoutofworriesthatthetoolcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheatonassignments.SomealsoworrythatChatGPTcouldbeusedtospreadinaccurate(不準確的)information.

“Itdoesnotbuildcritical-thinking(批判性思維)andproblem-solvingskills,whicharenecessaryforacademic(學術的)andlifelongsuccess,”saidJennaLyle,thedeputypresssecretaryoftheNewYorkCityDepartmentofEducation.Apartfrombans,teachersaremakingchangestotheirclassestoblocktheuseofChatGPT.SomecollegeteachersintheUStrytoincludemorespeakingexamsandhandwrittenpapersinsteadoftypedones.However,notalleducatorssay“no”toChatGPT.SomeCanadianuniversitiesaredrafting(起草)policiesonitsuse,forbothstudentsandteachers.Theyhavenoplanstocompletelybanthetoolsofar.BhaskarVira,pro-vice-chancellor(副校長)foreducationattheUniversityofCambridgeintheUK,saidthatbansonAIsoftwarelikeChatGPTarenotsensible(明智的).“Wehavetoknowthat[AI]isatoolpeoplewilluse,”hetoldVarsity,theschoolnewspaperoftheuniversity.Whatweneedtodois“adaptourlearning,teachingandexaminations”.Thatway,wecan“haveintegrity(誠信)whilerecognizingtheuseofthetool”.1.SomeschoolsintheUSbannedtheuseofChatGPTbecause_____.A.studentsmayuseittocheatonhomeworkB.itrarelyprovidescorrectinformationC.ittakestheplaceofteachersD.ittakesupmostofthedistrict’snetworks2.JennaLylethinksthat_____.A.ChatGPTisnecessaryforacademicandlifelongsuccessB.usingChatGPTisnotgoodfordevelopingstudents’mindsC.ChatGPTissofarthesmartestAIchatbottool

D.ChatGPTmightofferthewronginformation

3.WhatdidtheeducatorsintheUSdotoavoidtheuseofChatGPT?a.Theyblockedstudents’accesstothetool.b.TheylearnedtorecognizepaperswrittenbyChatGPT.

c.Theychangedtheformsofassignment.d.TheysuggestedlawstobantheuseofChatGPT.

A.ab

B.ac

C.bc

D.cd4.WhichopinionisNOTmentionedinthestory?

A.UsingChatGPTmakesstudentslazyinthinking.B.ThecompletebanonusingChatGPTisnotwise.C.ChatGPTwillcompletelychangecurrenteducation.D.ChatGPTcanbeusefulforbothteachersandstudents.閱讀理解Forthepast20years,theTouchingChinaannualpeopleawardhashonoredpeoplefromallwalksoflifeacrossthecountry.Theyarepeoplewhowarmourheartswiththeiractions.OnMarch4，2023,the2022TouchingChinaAwardceremonyairedonCCTV.Teninspirationalrolemodelswereonthelist,XuMengtaoisoneofthem.AfterafinaljumpwiththehighestdegreeofdifficultyforfemaleathletesattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics,XuMengtaowonthegoldmedalinfreestyleskiingwomen’saerials(空中技巧).The32-year-oldwaitedalongtimeforthismoment.XuwasborninLiaoning.Attheageof12,shebeganpracticingthesport,Xufellinlovewiththefeelingofskiingonsnow.Shesaidthatherdeeploveforthesportisherfirstmotivation(動力).WinninganOlympicgoldmedalwasherdream.Butitwasn’teasytomakeit.FinishingsixthinherfirstOlympicsatVancouver2010,XumanagedtotakehomesilveratSochi2014.XuaimedtowintheOlympicgoldatPyeongchang2018,butshefinishedninth.“...Ididnotknowwhatmyconditionwouldbelikein2022.ButIhavereceivedalotofsupportfrommanypeople,andthatmotivatedme.”.Withperseverance(堅持),Xuachievedherdreamin2022.Thegoldmedalissoheavywhichisfullofherdreams,sweat,tearsandglory.Afterthegame,XuMengtaocouldn’thelpshouting:"Ifinallywonathome!WisheveryoneahappyLanternFestival!"Afteryearsofpursuingherdream,XuMengtaofulfilledherwishandembracedherdreamsweetlyathome.Speakingofthereasonsbehindthis,shesaiditisnotonlythankstoherhardworkbutmoreimportantly,theera(時代).Chinesewintersportsnowenjoyfantasticdevelopments.“Wearelatecomers(后來者)towintersportsintheworld,butwehavefastgrowthinthisgreatera,”addedXu.“Thisgreatageenablestheyounggenerationtoachieveourdream,andtobuildtogetherabetterfutureforChinesesports.”XuMengtao'ssuccesshasalsobroughtspiritualinspirationtoeveryone.Hisfirmbeliefandfightingspirithaveallsetanexampletous,whichshowsthatonlywithfightingcanwegain,aslongaswehavecourageandfaith,wecanovercomealldifficultiesandachieveourdreams.1．Fromthetext,weknowthat_________.a.XuMengtaowasbornin1990.b.XuMengtaobeganpracticingfreestyleskiingin2002.c.XuMengtaowonmanygoldmedalsinOlympics.d.XuMengtaofirsttookpartinOlympicsatSochi.e.XuMengtaowonherfirstgoldmedalin2022.A.a.b.cB.b.c.dC.c.d.eD.a.b.e2.WhydoesthewritersaythegoldmedalXuwonissoheavy?A.BecausethegoldmedalisherlastmedalinOlympics.B.Becausethegoldmedalincludesherhardwork,herdreamandherperseverance.C.BecausethisisthefirstmedalwhichChinesegotinBeijingWinterOlympics.D.Becausethisgoldmedalisasymbolofhersuccess.3.Whichfollowingstatementistrue?A.XuMengtaogotthesixthplaceinfreestyleskiingwomen’saerialsatPyeongchangOlympics.B.XuthinksthedevelopmentofChinesewintersportsisoneofthereasonsforhersuccess.C.Xuissurethatshecanwinagoldmedalin2022BeijingOlympics.D.Xu’sdreamistowinanOlympicmedal.4.WhatwordscanbestdescribeXu’sspiritualquality?A.hard-working,persistentandcourageous.B.kind,faithfulandpopular.C.kind,braveanddetermined.D.lovely,popularandcourageous三、閱讀理解Haveyoueverwonderedwhatanimalsaretalkingabout?WiththedevelopmentofAI,wemaybeabletounderstandtheirlanguages!InProfessorKarenBakker’snewbook,TheSoundsofLife:HowDigitalTechnologyIsBringingUsClosertotheWorldsofAnimalsandPlants,shetalksabouthowAIishelpingustomakeananimalversionofGoogleTranslate.

Allaroundtheanimalkingdom(王國),therearesoundsthatwecanhardlypickupanddecipher(破譯).Elephantsforexampletalkwitheachotherusinginfrasound(次聲波)–farbelowourhumanhearingrange.Coralintheoceanalsosendssoundwavestoattract(吸引)babycoraltosaferareastogrow.Thisissurprisingascoraldoesn’thaveanyears!Scientistshaveplacedlisteningequipment(設備)intotheseenvironmentstopickupthesoundshumanscannothear.Afterthesoundsarerecorded,AIcanstudytheirmeaning,accordingtothenewswebsiteVox.Forexample,IsraeliresearchersusedAItotranslatebats’15,000calls.Theyfoundthatmorethan60percentwereargumentsaboutfourthings:food,sleeppositions(姿勢),invasion(侵犯)ofpersonalspace,andunwantedadvances(求愛).

Thistechnologycannotonlyunderstandtheanimalsbutcommunicatebacktothem.Forexample,beesusedancestocommunicate.AresearchteaminGermany,therefore,putthebeelanguageAIsystemintoarobotbee.Theyaskedtherobottocreateadanceroutine(路線)totellthebeeswherethenectar(花蜜)was.

1.WhatisKarenBakker’snewbookmainlyabout?A.WhyAIcanhelppeopleresearchanimals.B.Whyanimalsneedhelpfromhumanbeings.C.HowAIhelpstranslateanimals’sounds.D.HowAIhelpspeopledotranslationsbetter.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthesoundsmadebyanimals?A.Someofthesoundscannotbeheardbyhumans.B.Allcommunicationsamongelephantsareinfrasound.

C.Coralshaveearsthatcanhearallanimalsounds.D.Theycanhelpanimalsgetusedtotheirenvironments.3.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.WhyAIcantranslatebats’sounds.B.Howbatsarguewitheachother.C.HowAIcanstudythemeaningofanimals’sounds.D.Bats’livinghabitsandtheirwayofcommunication.4.Howdidscientiststellbeeswherethe

nectarwas?A.Bytrainingotherbeestoleadthemthere.B.Byaskingarobotbeetoteachthemanewlanguage.C.BycreatingacertainsoundwiththeAIsystem.D.Bymakingarobotbeetellthebeesabouttheroutebydancing.

四、閱讀理解HaveyouwatchedtherecentTVseriesThree-Body?Adapted(改編)fromLiuCixin’ssci-fibookTheThree-BodyProblem,theshowhasimpressedaudienceswithitssplendidvisualeffects(視覺特效).OneofthemostexcitingscenesmustbeOperationGuzheng(“古箏行動”).

InordertofindTrisolarans’(三體人的)messagesonahugeship,aforceplanstocuttheshipintopieces.Theysetupmanythinstringsacrosstheriver,whicharemadefromnanomaterial(納米材料).Lookinglikeguzheng,thestringsquietlycutthesteelshipintoslicesasiftheshipwassofttofu!

Isitpossibletocutsteelshipswiththinstringsinreality?Infact,stringsareverygoodatcutting.Forexample,aneggslicerusesthinwirestocuteggsintoslices.Akitelinecaneasilyhurtpeopleifitgetstangled(纏繞)aroundtheirnecks.Thisisbecausethethinstringshaveaverysmallcontactarea,leadingtoahighintensityofpressurewhentheycutthings.

IntheTVseries,thestringsareasthinasatenthofahumanhair.Tocutthesteelship,thepressureneedstobe200MPa(兆帕斯卡，壓強單位),accordingtothesciencewebsiteGuokr.Howstrongisthatpressure?Imagineanelephantstandingonastring!Inreality,scientistswon’tbeabletomakesuchthinstringsthatwouldn’teasilybreak,atleastforyearstocome.Thecuttingwillalsocreatelotsofheat.Wedon’thavethematerialtobearthehightemperaturewhileit’salsothinenoughtocutthrough.Butwhatwehavetodayiscalled“waterjetcutting(水刀)”.Wecancuthardmaterialssuchasmetal,stone,orglassusingahigh-pressurejetofwater.Thewater’sspeedcanreach1000meterspersecond(aboutthreetimesthespeedofsound),andthepressurecanbeover400MPa.However,thewaterjetcanonlycutthingslessthan20centimetersthick.That’sstillfarawayfromthenanotechnologyintheshow.

1.WhatistheaimofOperationGuzhengintheTVseries?A.Tofindahugeship.B.TohuntforTrisolarans.C.TorevealTrisolarans’secrets.

D.Todevelopnanomaterial.2.HowdoesOperationGuzhenggetitsname?A.SoundsofGuzhengareusedascode.B.TheyusestringsfromGuzhengtocontact.

C.ThereareimportantmessageshiddeninaGuzheng.D.TheyuseGuzheng-likestringstocutasteelship.

3.Paragraph3iswrittentoshow_____.

A.howthinthestringscanbe

B.howthinstringscanbeusedtocutthingsC.thatthinstringscanonlycutsoftthingsD.whatareasstringscanbeusedinlife4.WhatmakesOperationGuzhengimpossibleinreality?A.Stringscan’tbemadelongenoughtogoacrossariver.B.Asteelshipcanbearanintensityofpressureofupto200MPa.C.Stringscan’tbemadeasthinasatenthofahumanhair.D.Nostringcanbearsuchhighpressureandheatasshownintheseries.

5.Whycan’tthe“waterjetcutting”beusedforOperationGuzheng?A.Becauseitcan’tproducehighenoughpressure.

B.Becauseitcan’tbeusedtocutmetal.C.Becausetheshipistoothickforittocut.D.Becausethewater’sspeedistoofasttocontrol.五、閱讀理解Ican’trememberthelasttimeIusedcashinChina.BetweenWeChatandAlipay,wetendtopayforeverythingwithourmobilephoneshere.WhenIwentbackhometotheUKforaholidayoverSpringFestival,ithadbeenawhilesinceI’dbeenback.Ihadamomentofcultureshockinmyowncountry.

Suddenly,Icouldn’tusemyphonetopayforthings.Igotoutmyoldwalletandadjusted(適應)backtousingnotesandcoins.

Ofcourse,wedostillhavewaystopayforthingselectronicallyintheUK.Peopleusetheirbankcards.Somehigh-techfolksuseGooglePayontheirphonesoreventheirwatches.Butmostpeoplestillusephysicalcash.Andmanyarewary(謹慎的)ofputtingtoomuchtrustingoingelectronicwithpayments.

Myparentsaretwoofthesewarypeople.Theybelievethatusingelectricpaymentscouldleadtotheirwholesavingsbeingstolenbyonlinethieves.Andtheconcernisunderstandable.In2022,morethan￡4billion(about33billionyuan)wasstolenbyfraudsters(詐騙犯)andcybercriminals(網(wǎng)絡罪犯)intheUK.Inits2022fraudandcybercrimereport,theonlinefinancial(金融的)servicecomparisonwebsitereporteda63percentincreaseinfraudandcybercrimefrom2021.Onlineshoppingwasthebiggestsourceofthethefts,accordingtoComputerWeekly.So,thedangersareindeedrealandtheconcernsarereasonable.Butnevertheless,itseemsthatmobileoratleastdigitalpaywillindeedbethewayofthefutureintheUKjustasitisherenowinChina.Accordingtothegovernmentwebsite,theBankofEnglandis“consultingon(商討)apotentialdigitalpound”atthemoment.Buttherealquestionis:WilltheBritishpublicbewillingtotrustit?

1.Whatsortofcultureshockdidtheauthorexperienceinhishomecountry?A.Hehadtousephysicalcashtopayforthings.B.Hehadtoapplyforabankcardtobuythings.C.Hecouldn’tbuythingsonline.D.Hecouldn’ttrustinelectronicpayments.2.What’sthemainconcernofmanyBritishpeopleaboutusingelectronicpayments?A.Forgettingtheirpasswordsattimes.B.Losingtheirsavingstoonlinethieves.C.Payingextramoneyforthisservice.D.Havingtomaintainanetworkconnection.3.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheBankofEngland’sideaof“adigitalpound”?A.Itwillsoonbecomepopular.B.Itiswhatpeopleareexpecting.C.Itremainstobeseenifitwillwork.D.Itisriskyandimpractical.六、閱讀理解We’llsoonbetravelingaroundinlargepassengerplanesmadeinChina!Thecountrywilldeliver(交付)itsfirsthomemadeC919largepassengerplanebytheendof2022.

TheplanehasbeendevelopedbytheCommercialAircraftCorporationofChina(COMAC,

中國商用飛機有限責任公司).OnSept29,itgotthetypecertificate(TC,型號合格證)fromtheCivilAviationAdministrationofChina(CAAC,中國民用航空局).

“GettingthetypecertificatemeanstheC919hasthe‘certificateofentry’intothecivilaviationmarket(民用航空市場),”YangZhenmei,aseniorCAACofficial,toldXinhua.GainingtheTCshowsthatChinaisabletoindependentlybuildworld-classlargepassengeraircraft,andmarksanimportantmilestoneforthecountry’slargeaircraftindustry.TheC919hasawingspan(翼展)ofnearly36meters,alengthofabout39metersandatailheightofaround12meters.Ithas158to168seats.Witharangeof4,075to5,555kilometers,theC919isabletoflybetweenanytwocitiesinChina.Foralongtime,theUSBoeingcompanyandEurope’sAirbushavebeenrulingthecommercial(商業(yè)的)aircraftmarket.ExpertssaidthatinbeingcomparabletotheAirbusA320andtheBoeingB737series,theC919isexpectedtobreakthemarketduopoly(雙頭壟斷).Sofar,ithasgot815ordersfrom28customersathomeandabroad.PresidentXiJinpingpraisedtheachievementsatthecurrentstage(現(xiàn)階段)inthedevelopmentoftheC919largepassengerairplane.Hesaidtheplanecarries“thecountry’swill,thenation’sdreamandthepeople’saspiration(期盼)”tomakeitpossibleforChinese-deve