2021年高考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)總動(dòng)員系列-專題05-動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)(解析版)

【母題再現(xiàn)】題型介紹：動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞詞義辨析考點(diǎn)，是英語(yǔ)高考必考點(diǎn)之一。在高考中主要考查點(diǎn)有：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。命題形式：本考點(diǎn)在高考中的命題形式主要有：1.單選填空（毀滅在自主命題區(qū)）；2.完形填空。高考選題：題型1：【2022·天津卷】9.Myparentsalways_______greatimportancetomygettingagoodeducation.A.haveB.attachC.acceptD.pay題型2：【2022·江西卷】27.Anyway,we’reherenow,solet’s___someseriouswork.A.comeupwithB.getdowntoC.doawaywithD.liveupto題型3：【2022·山東卷】完形填空CharlotteWhiteheadwasborninEnglandin1843,andmovedtoMontreal,Canadaattheagefivewithherfamily.While21herilleldersisterthroughouttheyears,Charlottediscoveredshehada(an)22inmedicine.At18shemarriedand23afamily.Severalyearslater,Charlottesaidshewantedtobea24.Herhusbandsupportedherdecision.25,Canadianmedicalschoolsdidnot26womenstudentsatthetime.Therefore,CharlottewenttotheUnitedStatestostudy27attheWomen’sMedicalCollegeinPhiladelphia.Ittookherfiveyearsto28hermedicaldegree.

Upongraduation,Charlotte29toMontrealandsetupaprivate30.Threeyearslater,shemovedtoWinnipeg,Manitoba,andthereshewasonceagaina31doctor.Manyofherpatientswerefromthenearbytimberandrailwaycamps.Charlotte32herselfoperatingondamagedlimbsandsetting33bones,inadditiontodeliveringallthebabiesinthearea.ButCharlottehadbeenpracticingwithoutalicense.Shehad34adoctor’slicenseinbothMontrealandWinnipeg,butwas35.TheManitobaCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeons,anall-maleboard,wantedherto36herstudiesataCanadianmedicalcollege!Charlotterefusedto37herpatientstospendtimestudyingwhatshealreadyknew.Soin1887,sheappearedtotheManitobaLegislatureto38alicensetoherbutthey,too,refused.Charlotte39topracticewithoutalicenseuntil1912.Shediedfouryearslaterattheageof73.In1993,77yearsafterher40,amedicallicensewasissuedtoCharlotte.ThisdecisionwasmadebytheManitobaLegislaturetohonor“thiscourageousandpioneeringwoman.”【小題1】21.A.raising B.teaching C.nursing D.missing【小題2】22.A.habit B.interest C.opinion D.voice【小題3】23.A.invented B.selected C.offered D.started【小題4】24.A.doctor B.musician C.lawyer D.physicist【小題5】25.A.Besides B.Unfortunately C.Otherwise D.Eventually【小題6】26.A.hire B.entertain C.trust D.accept【小題7】27.A.history B.physics C.medicine D.law【小題8】28.A.improve B.save C.design D.earn【小題9】29.A.returned B.escaped C.spread D.wandered【小題10】30.A.school B.museum C.clinic D.lab【小題11】31.A.busy B.wealthy C.greedy D.lucky【小題12】32.A.helped B.found C.troubled D.imagined【小題13】33.A.harmful B.tired C.broken D.weak【小題14】34.A.putaway B.takenover C.turnedin D.appliedfor【小題15】35.A.punished B.refused C.blamed D.fired【小題16】36.A.display B.change C.preview D.complete【小題17】37.A.leave B.charge C.test D.cure【小題18】38.A.sell B.donate C.issue D.show【小題19】39.A.continued B.promised C.pretended D.dreamed【小題20】40.A.birth B.death C.wedding D.graduation點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題有11出考查動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析。解題技巧：動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞詞義辨析是高考的必考點(diǎn)。在高考試題中常以1.單項(xiàng)填空；2.完形填空。解答此類試題，可以從以下幾個(gè)方面著手考慮：動(dòng)詞及其詞組的機(jī)敏運(yùn)用是英語(yǔ)的特色之一，也是同學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)中的難點(diǎn)，因此每年均為測(cè)試的重點(diǎn)。在歷年高考試題中動(dòng)詞所占的比例最大，設(shè)題時(shí)往往都是給出四個(gè)不同的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)測(cè)試考生在具體語(yǔ)境中對(duì)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意義的理解和運(yùn)用。其考點(diǎn)主包括:1、考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。包括常見動(dòng)詞用法辨析，近義詞辨析，詞形相近詞辨析，用法相近詞辨析。2、考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。主要包括同根動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析、同根介詞或副詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析、不同動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析以及“動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞”短語(yǔ)的辨析。在動(dòng)詞詞組的測(cè)試中，絕大多數(shù)為基礎(chǔ)動(dòng)詞，毀滅頻率較高的詞有：get，turn，make，put，go，give，break，cut，come，look，keep，bring，show，pick，hold，fall，carry，pull，catch，call，take等。高考對(duì)于動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的考查,除了考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)基本含義辨析外,更留意動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的新義和引申意，如:polish拋光，磨光（本意）→修正，文飾（引申）；sniff嗅，聞（本意）→鄙視地說(shuō)，嗤之以鼻（引申）；stir移動(dòng)，攪拌（本意）→煽動(dòng)（引申）；breakdown發(fā)生故障，失靈，失效（本意）→坍塌；崩潰，瓦解，中斷，中止（引申），同時(shí)還有“慟哭”之意；lookinto向里面看（本意）→調(diào)查；爭(zhēng)辯（引申），同時(shí)還有“掃瞄”之意；再如：workout的基本詞義為“解決；算出；制定出”，較生詞義為“熬煉”。3、考查系動(dòng)詞、半系動(dòng)詞用法。動(dòng)詞作系動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，后面常接形容詞、名詞、分詞和不定式等，此時(shí)動(dòng)詞沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。這類動(dòng)詞有：appear,become,feel,look,sound,seem,taste,prove,remain,stay,smell,grow,turn,go,come,fall,stand,lie,exist等。此外，一些無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式的“共性”動(dòng)詞也是學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)，如belongto（屬于）,witness（見證，目擊）等。2021年高考命題照舊會(huì)堅(jiān)持結(jié)合語(yǔ)境考查考生對(duì)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意義的理解和運(yùn)用力氣，尤其是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的新義、動(dòng)詞的一詞多義等【考點(diǎn)揭秘】高頻考點(diǎn)一：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析【2022屆廣西桂林十八校其次次月考】—Howmuchdoesthisstoreoften_______forsuchlargeeggs?—Only$65UScentsadozen.Itwasarealbargain.A.demandB.costC.payD.charge高頻考點(diǎn)二：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析【2022屆廣西桂林十八中第六次月考】Withthecollegeentranceexaminationapproaching，studentsshould________tostayenergetic.A．workoutB．pulloutC．giveoutD．figureout【直擊高考】動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)1.【2022·全國(guó)大綱卷】31.Carolinedoesn’thaveagiftformusic，butshe______itwithhardwork.A.goesbackon B.takesawayfrom C.makesupforD.catchesupwith2.【2022·天津卷】13.Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeetto_______somebarrierstotradebetweenthem.A.makeupB.useupC.turndownD.breakdown3.【2022·浙江卷】19.

Howcouldyou______suchafantasticjobwhenyouhavebeenoutofworkformonths.

A.turnoff

B.turnin

C.turndown

D.turnto4.【2022·浙江卷】9.

Nomatterhowcarefullyyouplanyourfinances,noonecan_____whentheunexpectedwillhappen.

A.prove

B.imply

C.demand

D.predict5.【2022·江西卷】29.Idon’tbelievewhatyousaid,butifyoucanproveit,youmaybeableto__-me.A.convinceB.informC.guaranteeD.refuse6.【2022·福建卷】25.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeintermsofoverallquality.A.supportedB.matchedC.evaluatedD.controlled7.【2022·福建卷】33.Asagrassrootssinger,shereadseverythingshecanconcerningmusic,andtakeseveryopportunitytoimproveherself.A.catchsightofB.getholdofC.takechargeofD.makementionof8.【2022·湖北卷】Seeingthebigcrowdcomingtowardshim,hestartedtorundownthehill，but____ andwentdownonhishandsandkneesinthemeltingsnow.A.slipped B.skied C.signalled D.sank9.【2022·湖北卷】Theoldruleshavetobe _____becausetheyonlyappliedtothecircumstancesthatexistedwhentheyweremadeahundredyearsago.A.developed B.established C.observed D.revised10.【2022·湖北卷】I’vebeentryingtophoneCharlesallevening,buttheremustbesomethingwrongwiththenetwork;Ican’tseemto_____.A.getthrough B.getoff C.getin D.getalong11.【2022·湖北卷】Isthisyournecklace,Mary?I____ itwhenIwascleaningthebathroomthismorning.A.cameacrossB.dealtwith C.lookedafterD.wentfor12.【2022·江蘇卷】25.Topgraduatesfromuniversitiesare________bymajorcompanies.A.chased B.registered C.offered D.compensated13.【2022·江蘇卷】30.—Dad,Idon’tthinkOlivertherightsortofpersonforthejob.—Isee.I’llgorightawayand________.A.payhimback B.payhimoff C.puthimaway D.puthimoff14.【2022·江蘇卷】33.LegendhasitthattheoriginoftheDragonBoatFestivalisto________thesoulofQuYuan.A.remember B.remind C.recover D.recall15.【2022·陜西卷】18.RalphW.Emersonwouldalways______newideasthatoccurredtohim.A.setoff B.setabout C.setup D.setdown16.【2022·安徽卷】26．Terry,pleaseyourcellphonewhenGrandmaistalkingtoyou.A.lookupfromB.lookintoC.lookbackonD.lookthrough17.【2022·安徽卷】28．Whenthesportsheroatourparty,hewaswelcomedwithopenarms.A.turnedupB.leftoffC.movedonD.gotaway18.【2022·安徽卷】34．Shakespeare'swritingisstillpopulartoday.Ithasreallythetestoftime.A.failedB.stoodC.takenD.conducted19.【2022·浙江卷】7.

Lastweekatennisballhitmeonthehead,butItriedto_______thepain,believingthatitwouldgo

awaysoonerorlater.

A.share

B.realize

C.ignore

D.cause【課后反饋】夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)：1．【2022屆廣西貴港市5月模擬沖刺】Muchoftheworkto_______things_______hashappenedinthebrowser,whichpeopleusetoloadaspecificwebsitequickly.A.bring;outB.turn;downC.speed;upD.take;off2．【2022屆廣西桂林中學(xué)2月考】Youcan’texpectababyto________yourexistingroutine. A.fitinwithB.fiton C.fitupwithD.fitin3．【2022屆廣西南寧市馬山中學(xué)12月考】Sincethe1980s,thescientistshavedevotedthemselvestotheresearch_______findinganewcureforthedisease.A.settingfootinB.endedupwith C.startingwith D.aimedat4．【2022屆廣西桂林十八中第三次月考】Believeitornot,one’spersonalitycanbe_______byone’shandwriting.A.resembledB.strengthenedC.reflectedD.shaped5．【2022屆浙江省金華十校4月模擬】15．Asaleadingproducerofgreenhousegases,ChinatheUnitedStatesasthelargestconsumersofenergy．A．describes B．joins C．controls D．influences力氣拓展：6．【2022屆浙江省五校其次次聯(lián)考】19.—Ihadthecomputersrepairedyesterday. —Howmuchdidthey_________forthat? A.cost B.spend C.take D.charge7．【2022屆浙江省五校其次次聯(lián)考】13.Ahorriblethought_________himwhenhewaswaitingforTomintheairport:whatiftheplanefromMalaysiahadbeenhijacked（劫持）?A.attacked B.struck C.beat D.occurred 8．【2022屆江蘇南京市、鹽城市二?！?1.Iwasonceashamedtoadmitmyweakness,butnowIhavenosuchfeelingandI________myselfmuchdiscomfort.A.bringB.offerC.saveD.promise9．【2022屆廣西南寧市馬山中學(xué)12月考】Ithasbeenrainingeverydaysofar.Ihopetomorrowwill______fine.A.turnout B.turnover C.turnup D.turninto10．【2022屆廣西柳州鐵路一中9月考】Amazing!Toomanyprivatecarsaretrappedonthehighwayswhichisfreeofchargeforthefirsttime,causingheavytrafficjams,someeven_______forseveralhours.A.heldup B.brokenupC.takenup D.givenup自我提升：11．【2022屆廣西桂林十八校其次次月考】Youwillbesurprisedhowquicklyyou_____themoney,soitisworthwhiletomakeaplaninadvance.A.putawayB.getthroughC.runoutD.endup12．【2022屆廣西桂林十八校第一次月考】25.AfterseveralroundsoftheVoiceofChinaCompetition,JiKeJunYi_______becauseofherexcellentvoiceandperformance.A.putout B.pickedout C.brokeout D.stoodout13．【2022屆江西省新余一中高三第十一次模擬考試試題】Trynottocoughmorethanyoucan_____sinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.A．helpB．a(chǎn)llowC．stopD．check14．【2022屆九江市高三其次次模擬統(tǒng)一考試試題】Assoonasthegatewasopened,thepeoplearoundcrowdedintothesupermarketandIgot_____frommyfriend. A.divided B.separated C.lost D.missed15．【2022屆江西省南昌其次中學(xué)高三第一次月考英語(yǔ)試題】Intheclinic,IaskedifMichaelcouldberetested,sothespecialisttestedhimagain.Tomy_36_,itwasthesamescore.Laterthatevening,I_37_toldFrankwhatIhadlearnedthatday.Aftertalkingitover,weagreethatweknewour_38_muchbetterthananIQtest.We_39_thatMichael’sscoremusthavebeena_40_andweshouldtreathim_41_asusual.WemovedtoIndianain1962,andMichaelstudiedatConcordiaHighSchoolinthesameyear.Hegot_42_gradesintheschool,especially_43_biologyandchemistry,whichwasagreatcomfort.Michael_44_IndianaUniversityin1965asapre-medicalstudent,soonafterwards,histeacherspermittedhimtotakemorecoursesthan_45_.In1968,hewasacceptedbytheSchoolofMedicine,YaleUniversity.Ongraduationdayin1972,FrankandI_46_theceremonyatYale.Aftertheceremony,wetoldMichaelaboutthe_47_IQscorehegotwhenhewassix.Sincethatday,Michaelsometimeswouldlookatusandsay_48_,“MydearmomanddadnevertoldmethatIcouldn’tbeadoctor,notuntilafterIgraduatedfrommedicalschool!”Itishisspecialwayofthankingusforthe_49_wehadinhim.Interestingly,Michaelthen_50_anotherIQtest.Wewenttothesameclinicwherehehad_51_thetesteighteenyearsbefore.ThistimeMichaelscored126,anincreaseof36p