上海教育版英語八年級下冊Module 2 Unit 3 第3課時Grammar教學課件

Module2ArtsandcraftsUnit3Traditionalskills第3課時Grammar語法聚焦被動語態(tài)(一)一、語態(tài)概述： 英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。

1.主動語態(tài)：主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。如： Icleanedthebedroom.我打掃了臥室。(clean的動作是由主語I來執(zhí)行的。)

2.被動語態(tài)：主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。如： Thebedroomwascleanedbyme.臥室是被我打掃的。(主語thebedroom是動詞clean的承受者。)二、被動語態(tài)的構成： 被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構是“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”，助動詞be有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與連系動詞be完全一樣。變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ綍r，只需在助動詞be后面加上not即可。各個時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的句型結(jié)構：時態(tài)句型結(jié)構例句一般現(xiàn)在時主語＋am/is/are＋及物動詞的過去分詞(＋by＋動作的執(zhí)行者)＋其他.ThesebicyclesaremadeinChina.這些自行車是中國制造的。一般過去時主語＋was/were＋及物動詞的過去分詞(＋by動作的執(zhí)行者)＋其他.Thisdeskwasmadebymyfatheryesterday.這張桌子是昨天由我的爸爸制作的。續(xù)表時態(tài)句型結(jié)構例句一般將來時(1)主語＋shall/willbe＋及物動詞的過去分詞(＋by＋動作的執(zhí)行者)＋其他.(2)主語＋am/is/aregoingtobe＋及物動詞的過去分詞(＋by動作的執(zhí)行者)＋其他.HewillbetakentotheparkonSunday.星期天有人要帶他去公園。Morefactoriesaregoingtobebuiltinmyhometown.我的家鄉(xiāng)將建更多的工廠。三、使用被動語態(tài)的情況： 1.不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。如： Tennewcomputerswerestolenlastweek.上周，10臺新電腦被偷了。 2.強調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。如： Theworkwillbefinishedontime.工作將會被按時完成。 3.說話或發(fā)表意見時，為了顯得客觀公正，也常常用被動語態(tài)。如： Itissaidthat…據(jù)說……Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報道…… Itisbelievedthat…人們相信……Itishopedthat…希望…… 4.有些動詞習慣上只用于被動語態(tài)。如： IwasborninGuangdongProvince.我在廣東省出生。四、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的步驟： 1.主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。 2.主動語態(tài)的謂語動詞由主動語態(tài)形式變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)形式：助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞。雖然其人稱和數(shù)隨主語的變化而變化，但時態(tài)保持不變。 3.主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語，將主格變?yōu)橘e格，組成介賓短語，放在被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞之后。在無須說明動作的執(zhí)行者或只強調(diào)動作的承受者時，介賓短語可以省略。如： 主動語態(tài)：Myfatherrepairedthecaryesterday. 被動語態(tài)：Thecarwasrepairedbymyfatheryesterday.課堂練習一、用所給單詞的適當形式填空1.We________________(invite)totheconcertbyPeterlastweek.2.Thisbeautifulpicture____________________(notpaint)byJudiabecauseshecan’tpaintwell.3.Thehomework________________(finish)bymylittlebrothersoon.wereinvitedwasn’tpaintedwillbefinished4.Thousandsofbikes_______________(make)inthefactoryeveryyear.5.Thepoordog_______________(hit)byacaryesterday.6.Afashionshow__________________(hold)nextSaturdayattheschoolhall.7.Thefirstcar__________________(invent)byKarlBenz.aremadewashitwillbeheldwasinvented8.Manytrees______________(plant)inmycityeveryyear.9.Thestreetsaredirtythismorningbecausethey__________________(clean)afterthenightmarketclosed.10.Noneofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseit______________(keep)asasecret.areplantedweren’tcleanedwaskept二、選擇填空()1.Today,manywinterOlympicsports___________evenbychildren.(2021北京)A.enjoyed

B.enjoy

C.wereenjoyed

D.areenjoyed()2.TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecartoonhero.Today,he___________bypeopleofallages.(2021天津)A.willlove

B.wasloved

C.isloved

D.willbelovedDC()3.The2022AsianGames___________inHangzhou.(2021遼寧)A.hold B.held C.willbeheld D.haveheldC()4.Ourschoollibrary___________withplants,lovelydesksandchairs,soIfeelrelaxedwhilestudyingorreadingthere.(2021南京)A.decorates B.decoratedC.isdecorated D.wasdecoratingC()5.—Sir,Ihavetroubledoingthevoluntaryworkforthe20thGamesofJiangsuProvinceinTaizhou.—Don’tworry.Alotofsupport___________soon.(2021泰州)A.isoffered B.willbeofferedC.wasoffered D.wereofferedB三、語法填空 Oilpaperumbrellas,withahistoryofover1,000yearsinChina,1.___________(use)tobecommon.DuringtheTangDynasty,they2.___________(introduce)toplacesasfarasJapanandVietnam.3.___________,assteel-ribbed(鋼骨的)umbrellasappearedinthe19thcentury,thehand-madeumbrellasbecame4.___________(little)usedindailylife.Instead,theyturnedintodecorativeartifacts(裝飾性工藝品).usedwereintroducedHoweverless YuhanginHangzhouisknown5.___________makingoilpaperumbrellasformorethan230years.Umbrellasheretakemorethan70stepstomake,6.___________(include)makingbambooribs,pastingpaper(糊紙)andpainting7.___________(pattern).Ittakesatleastaweektomake8.___________umbrella.Eachumbrellahas36bambooribs,makingthemstrong.In2007,theseumbrellaswereaddedtoZhejiangforincludingpatternsanProvince’sintangibleculturalheritagelist(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄). ZhangTingting,14yearsold,tookclassestolearnaboutYuhangoilpaperumbrella-makinglastsemes