2025屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)與測(cè)試專(zhuān)題四語(yǔ)法填空第一講動(dòng)詞課件

專(zhuān)題四語(yǔ)法填空[研高考·辨考向]試卷名稱(chēng)考試年份考查體裁主題語(yǔ)境文章話題命題考點(diǎn)有提示詞無(wú)提示詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞名詞形容詞、副詞代詞數(shù)詞冠詞介詞并列連詞從句新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ2024說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)英國(guó)“絲路花園”12220011012023說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)中國(guó)美食小籠包04021011102022說(shuō)明文人與自然大熊貓國(guó)家公園2211001111試卷名稱(chēng)考試年份考查體裁主題語(yǔ)境文章話題命題考點(diǎn)有提示詞無(wú)提示詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞名詞形容詞、副詞代詞數(shù)詞冠詞介詞并列連詞從句新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ2024說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)莎士比亞和湯顯祖的作品的相似之處23200001112023記敘文人與自我教熊貓飼養(yǎng)員英語(yǔ)11220011112022記敘文人與自我救助墜樓小孩2212001011[抓規(guī)律·找依據(jù)]第一講動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞是歷年高考的必考點(diǎn)，而且考查數(shù)量占比最大。對(duì)動(dòng)詞有關(guān)知識(shí)的掌握是考生在語(yǔ)法填空中取得高分的關(guān)鍵。動(dòng)詞的形式變化比較多樣，有謂語(yǔ)形式的變化(如時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣及主謂一致)，非謂語(yǔ)形式的變化(如動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式和過(guò)去分詞形式)及動(dòng)詞詞形的變化。如何判定作謂語(yǔ)還是非謂語(yǔ)[典例呈現(xiàn)][典例1](2024·浙江卷1月)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets62._______________(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).havestarted[解析]

第一步：確定是否填謂語(yǔ)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)。第二步：考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)空前的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Overthelasttwoyears可知，空處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語(yǔ)somesupermarkets是動(dòng)作start的發(fā)出者，應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)空前的復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)somesupermarkets可知，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。[典例2](2023·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57._________(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthesteamandriskingaspill(溢出)，58.ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue(舌頭).tobite[解析]

第一步：確定是否作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞decide后的成分為賓語(yǔ)，連詞whether后沒(méi)有主語(yǔ)，故此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。第二步：確定填何種非謂語(yǔ)形式。此處考查“whether＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式須用主動(dòng)形式，且空處與下文的toput是并列關(guān)系。[技法點(diǎn)撥]第一步：確定是作謂語(yǔ)還是非謂語(yǔ)1．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若句中無(wú)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但空處所需詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，空處就用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；2．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且不是作并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則要考慮用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。第二步：若填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致1．看“時(shí)間”定時(shí)態(tài)(注意語(yǔ)境中暗含的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))；2．看“主語(yǔ)”定語(yǔ)態(tài)(看主語(yǔ)是否為動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者)；3．看人稱(chēng)和數(shù)，確保主謂一致。第三步：若填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就要確定填何種非謂語(yǔ)形式1．提示詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)是主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞-ing形式；2．提示詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，常用過(guò)去分詞形式；3．提示詞在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)或表示意料之外的結(jié)果時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞不定式形式。語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目(一)PART01第一部分考法1謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse_________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.walkswalks

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)；本句描述了theSilkRouteGarden的客觀情況，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；walk在此作動(dòng)詞，意為“(循序漸進(jìn)地)教、逐步引導(dǎo)”，與主語(yǔ)theSilkRouteGarden之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系；且主語(yǔ)表示第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，應(yīng)用walks。2．(2024·青島二模)Dough(面團(tuán))sculpture,alsoknownasdoughflowers,_________(date)backtotheHanDynasty(202-220BCE).dates

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。datebackto(追溯到)無(wú)被動(dòng)形式；根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)Doughsculpture為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。dates3．(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)Inthelastfiveyears,Cao____________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa'shighestmountain.haswalked

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Inthelastfiveyears可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語(yǔ)Cao為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has。haswalked4．(2022·浙江卷1月)OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics—manyofthemclimatescientists—_______________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.havepromised

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)sincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語(yǔ)academics為復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用have。havepromised5．(2023·浙江卷1月)Thelargesiheyuanofthesehigh-rankingofficialsandwealthybusinessmenoften_________(feature)beautifullycarvedandpaintedroofbeamsandpillars(柱子).Thehutongstheyformedwereorderly,linedbyspacioushomesandwalledgardens.featured

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此作謂語(yǔ)。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處描述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。featured6．(2024·唐山一模)Now,thislittle-knownwrittenlanguage______________(experience)somethingofarebirth.isexperiencing

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Now可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；主語(yǔ)thislittle-knownwrittenlanguage為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。isexperiencing7．(2024·遼寧高三二模)Becauseofthisinterconnectedrelationshipitmeansthatifonesystemisdisturbed,it_________(result)intheothersystembeingdisturbed.willresult

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“ifonesystemisdisturbed”為if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，主句“it_________(result)intheothersystembeingdisturbed”應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。willresult8．(2024·大連二模)Bythetimeshewassixteen,Yani_____________(paint)morethantenthousandpictures.hadpainted

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句“Bythetimeshewassixteen”可知，此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。hadpainted9．(2024·阜新4月聯(lián)考)AreportshowedthatacrowdofresidentsofJianghuaYaoAutonomousCounty,HunanProvince,_________(sing)anddancedonSaturdaytocelebratethecomingofJingzheortheAwakeningofInsects.sang

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)anddanced可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。sang10．(2024·濟(jì)南二模)Obviously,thebusiness______________________(grow)sincethebeginningofthisyear.hasgrown/hasbeengrowing

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)sincethebeginningofthisyear可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，也可以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并將持續(xù)下去。主語(yǔ)thebusiness為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has。hasgrown/hasbeengrowing11．(2024·保定二模)Formostofthechildren,itwasthefirsttimeintheirlivesthatthey_______________(watch)amovieonsucha“giant”screen,asthereisnocinemainthevillage.hadwatched

考查固定句型。在“itwasthefirsttimethat...”句型中，that從句使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，為固定用法。hadwatched12．(2024·濟(jì)南一模)Itishightimethatwe________________________(embrace)thebrightspring.embraced/shouldembrace

考查固定句型。在“Itis(high/about)timethat...”句型中，that從句中的動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或shoulddo。embraced/shouldembrace[技法點(diǎn)撥]1．標(biāo)志詞判斷法在高考語(yǔ)法填空中，有時(shí)會(huì)給出時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞，可根據(jù)所給時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)確定對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)：(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：sometimes、often、everyweek/day/year/morning等；(2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)：yesterday、lastweek/night/year/month、theotherday、in＋過(guò)去的年份、時(shí)間段＋ago、時(shí)間段＋later等；(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：look、listen、now、atpresent、atthismoment/time等；(4)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：atthattime/moment等；(5)一般將來(lái)時(shí)：tomorrow、nextweek/year、in＋時(shí)間段、inthefuture等；(6)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)：atthistimetomorrow等；(7)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)、recently、lately、already、sofar、eversince、upto/until/bynow、during/over/inthelast/past＋時(shí)間段、in/overrecent＋時(shí)間段等；(8)過(guò)去完成時(shí)：bythen、untilthen、by/before/tilltheendof＋過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)等。2．瞻前顧后找并列(1)表示并列的連詞有and、but、or、ratherthan、neither...nor...、notonly...but(also)...等；(2)同一個(gè)主語(yǔ)的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列謂語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)要一致。3．語(yǔ)境暗示法分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)提示詞作謂語(yǔ)，但沒(méi)有標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，且其他參照物都不明顯，通過(guò)正確理解語(yǔ)境即通過(guò)語(yǔ)境暗示解題，也是解決時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題的一條行之有效的方法。4．固定句型判斷法(1)bedoing...when...；(2)This/It/Thatis＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋(that)從句，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；(3)This/It/Thatwas＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋(that)從句，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；(4)Itis/hasbeen＋時(shí)間段＋sincesb./sth.did...；(5)bythetime＋sb./sth.did...，主語(yǔ)＋haddone...；(6)nosoonerhad＋主語(yǔ)＋done...than＋主語(yǔ)＋did.../hardlyhad＋主語(yǔ)＋done...when＋主語(yǔ)＋did...；(7)It's(high/about)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.考法2謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2024·全國(guó)甲卷)Whatshould_________(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.bedone

考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)What與do之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；空前的should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。bedone2．(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)Havingvisitedseveraltimesoverthelast10years,I_______________(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.wasamazed

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。由下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；I和amaze之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。wasamazed3．(2022·浙江卷1月)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelike—frequentlybyplane—___________________________(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.isviewed/hasbeenviewed

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。描述人們普遍認(rèn)知的事情用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處也可以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)人們從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的認(rèn)知，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，與謂語(yǔ)之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填isviewed或hasbeenviewed。isviewed/hasbeenviewed4．(2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare'sBirthplaceGardenin2017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThe

Peony

Pavilion,_________(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes'walkfromShakespeare'sbirthplace.wasbuilt

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是asix-meter-tallpavilion，與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；此處描述過(guò)去的事，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；且主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用was。wasbuilt5．Thecoatyouboughtformeismadeofakindofcloththat_________(wash)easily.washes

考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處為主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，表示主語(yǔ)akindofcloth具有某種“性質(zhì)”使得動(dòng)作wash得以進(jìn)行。washes[技法點(diǎn)撥]1．依據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系，辨析主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)(1)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)提示詞作謂語(yǔ)，若與主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)考慮用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；

若是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則考慮用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。(2)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形式為：be＋過(guò)去分詞，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)體現(xiàn)在be動(dòng)詞上。(3)只有及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，系動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。2．?？嫉膸追N時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/aredone；(2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/weredone；(3)一般將來(lái)時(shí)：willbedone；(4)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：wouldbedone；(5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：has/havebeendone；(6)過(guò)去完成時(shí)：hadbeendone。3．主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義的句式結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)當(dāng)feel、look、smell、taste、sound等系動(dòng)詞后面接形容詞時(shí)；(2)當(dāng)cut、read、sell、wear、write、wash、open、run、burn等動(dòng)詞后有狀語(yǔ)(well、easily等)修飾，用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義?？挤?主謂一致[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)Theremarkabledevelopmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,_________(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.means

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。上下文的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；句子的主語(yǔ)為“Theremarkabledevelopmentofthiscity”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。means2．(2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout_________(be)alsoShakespeare'sconcerns.were

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語(yǔ)Someofthethings為復(fù)數(shù)，且此處描述過(guò)去的事，故填were。were3．(2024·重慶巴蜀中學(xué)質(zhì)檢)TheMountChangbaiGeopark,alongwithfiveotherChinesegeoparks,_______________(recognize)asaGlobalGeoparkbyUNESCOonMarch27.wasrecognized

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)onMarch27可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)；主語(yǔ)“TheMount...geoparks”與動(dòng)詞recognize之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；alongwith連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與前邊的主語(yǔ)保持一致，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用was。wasrecognized4．(2024·衡水中學(xué)期中)WhileenjoyedthroughoutChina,Jianzi

____________(describe)byChaiasanimportantaspectofhutongculture.Thenarrowalleyways,situatedwithinBeijing'sinnercity,providethesettingforthegame'spopularity.isdescribed

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句子描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；根據(jù)句意及空后的by可知，空處用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)Jianzi是不可數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。isdescribed5．(2024·汕頭二模)Now,morethanjustalanternshow,italso_________(serve)asanopeningactivitytocelebratethe60thanniversaryoftheestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationsbetweenChinaandFrancein1964.serves

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)now可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)it為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式；且主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞serve之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。serves6．Astheyear2024istheYearoftheDragoninChina,manyabrand__________________________(roll)outalargevarietyofdragon-themedgoodslately.hasrolled/hasbeenrolling

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)句意和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lately可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，或用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；manyabrand后謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。hasrolled/hasbeenrolling7．Amy,aswellasherbrothers,_________(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.wasgiven

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。aswellas連接并列名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致，因此應(yīng)用單數(shù)；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lastweek可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；空處與主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。wasgiven8．(2024·全國(guó)甲卷)They_________(be)partofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.were

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。結(jié)合文章時(shí)態(tài)和句意可知，此處描述過(guò)去的情況，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；主語(yǔ)是They，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。were[技法點(diǎn)撥]1．語(yǔ)法一致原則(1)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)現(xiàn)提示詞作謂語(yǔ)，且主語(yǔ)后跟有with、togetherwith、aswellas、like、but、except、alongwith、ratherthan、including、inadditionto等引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，要考慮謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與短語(yǔ)前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致；(2)在定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞that、who、which等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與主句中先行詞的數(shù)保持一致；(3)“manya/morethanone＋單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；each、every、no所修飾的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，即使有and連接，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。2．就近原則(1)or、either...or...、neither...nor...、notonly...but(also)...、not...but...等連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)；(2)there/herebe句式。3．意義一致原則(1)由連詞and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出現(xiàn)(不可分割的整體)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；(2)動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))、主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)；(3)由分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)或者some、apartof等修飾時(shí)，要根據(jù)所修飾的名詞確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)；(4)“the＋形容詞”表示抽象概念，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；“the＋形容詞”表示一類(lèi)人或物，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Test1

(2024·臨沂一模)You'veneverheardsongsquitelikethisbefore.Infact,itseemsthatMoyuncantransformjustaboutanysongintosomethingcompletelynew1._________thehelpoftheGuzheng.ThistraditionalChineseinstrument2._________(make)of16ormorestringsandmovablebridges.Together,itproducessomeofthesweetestsoundsthatpairsurprisinglywellwith3._________wasoriginallyarocksong.withismadewhat“TraditionalChineseinstrumentsaren'tsuitedfor4._________(adapt)aband'sentiresound，”Moyunsaid.“Guzhengislikethebass.It'shardtocreatevariationswithit.”Despitethe5._________(limitation),MoyunhasmasteredtheprocessofchangingpopularmusicfortheGuzheng.Inoneofhermanyvideos6._________(share)ontheInternet,shedoesthiswith“Thunderstruck”byAC/DC．Duringher7._____________(perform),Moyunisconstantlymovingbothofherhands,eachmovement8._____________(effortless)methodical(有條理的)andfascinatingtowatch.Whenshe'snotplucking(彈撥)oneoftheinstrument'smanystrings,sheisbeatingitlikeadrum.adaptinglimitationssharedperformance(s)effortlessly

Bysharingvideoslikethese,Moyunhopesthatmorepeoplewillcometoappreciatethisuniqueinstrument.“Chineseculturetends9._______(be)abstract，”shesaid.“It'snotreallyaccessible.Butpopcultureisaccessible.Byputting10._________twotogether,Ihopetheaudiencecanappreciatemymusic.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了墨韻在古箏的幫助下，似乎可以把任何一首歌都變成全新的東西。tobethe/these1．with

考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞短語(yǔ)withthehelpof，意為“在……的幫助下”。2．ismade

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。此處名詞instrument和動(dòng)詞make之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)bemadeof“由……組成”；該句為描述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)instrument為單數(shù)，故填ismade。3．what

考查賓語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指物，應(yīng)用what。4．a(chǎn)dapting

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞for后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。5．limitations

考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞limitation的復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“局限性”。6．shared

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾videos，因videos和動(dòng)詞share之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞形式。7．performance(s)

考查名詞。根據(jù)空前her為形容詞性物主代詞可知，此處用名詞形式，performance意為“表演”時(shí)，單復(fù)數(shù)形式皆可。8．effortlessly

考查副詞。根據(jù)副詞修飾形容詞可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞effortlessly，修飾形容詞methodicalandfascinating。9．tobe

考查固定搭配。tendtodosth.為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“傾向于做某事”。10．the/these

考查限定詞。根據(jù)句意以及空后的two表示名詞“兩個(gè)”可知，此處可以用定冠詞the表示特指，也可以用指示代詞these后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，對(duì)名詞起到限定作用。Test2

(2024·陽(yáng)泉三模)Chineseartisanimportantpartofthecountry'sculturalheritage.It1._____________(distinguish)itselffromWesternpaintinginthatitisdrawnonXuanpaper(orsilk)withtheChinesebrushandChineseink.distinguishes

2．_________(attain)abilityinthisart,itisnecessarytohaveagoodcontrolofthebrush,andcertainknowledgeofXuanpaperandChineseink.Beforepainting,thepaintermusthavea3._________(detail)draftinhismind.Oncehestartstopaint,hewill4._________(normal)havetocompletetheworkatonego.AlargenumberofChinesepainters,atthesametime,5._________(be)poetswhooftenaddtheirownpoemstothepaintings.Theresultingpieceofworkisusually6._________integrated(整合的)wholeoffourbranchesofChineseart—poetry,calligraphy,paintingandseal-cutting.Toattaindetailednormallyarean

Chinesepaintings7.__________(divide)intotwomajorcategories,freehandbrushwork(XieYi)andfinebrushwork(GongBi).Theformerischaracterizedbysimpleandboldstrokes(筆畫(huà))representingtheexaggerated(夸張的)likenessoftheobjects8._________thelatterisdonebyspecificbrushworkandcloseattentiontoparticulars.Andit'sdifficulttotellhowlongtheartofpainting9.__________(exist)inChina.Potsfrom5，000-6，000yearsagowerepaintedincolorwithpatternsofplantsandanimals,10._________reflectedvariousaspectsofthelifeofprimitivepeople.ThesemaybethebeginningsofChinesepainting.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)畫(huà)。aredividedand/whilehasexistedwhich1．distinguishes

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。文章通篇是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)It是單數(shù)，因此空處應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)distinguishes。2．Toattain

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。位于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)。3．detailed

考查形容詞?？仗幮揎椕~draft，應(yīng)用形容詞detailed，意為“詳細(xì)的”。4．normally

考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞havetocomplete，應(yīng)用副詞normally，意為“通常”。5．a(chǎn)re

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語(yǔ)painters是復(fù)數(shù)，且文章時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此空處應(yīng)用are。

6．a(chǎn)n

考查冠詞。whole是名詞，意為“整體”，是可數(shù)名詞，且表泛指，前面需加不定冠詞，integrated的發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭，因此用an。7．a(chǎn)redivided

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句子表示“中國(guó)畫(huà)被分為兩大類(lèi)”，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，bedividedinto是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“被分為”；主語(yǔ)paintings是復(fù)數(shù)且通篇時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此空處應(yīng)用aredivided。8．a(chǎn)nd/while

考查連詞。根據(jù)前面的Theformer和后面的thelatter可知，前后兩句是并列關(guān)系，空處表示“和”或“而”，應(yīng)用and或while。9．hasexisted

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，句子表示“很難說(shuō)繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)在中國(guó)存在了多久”，空處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示已經(jīng)存在；主語(yǔ)theartofpainting是單數(shù)，因此空處應(yīng)用hasexisted。10．which

考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，先行詞是patternsofplantsandanimals，指物，因此用關(guān)系代詞which。語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目(二)PART02第二部分語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目(二)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考法1非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears_________(record)everythingIdiscovered.recording

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。spendsometime(in)doingsth.為固定搭配。recording2．(2024·全國(guó)甲卷)Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tend_________(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.tocatch

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有謂語(yǔ)tend，此處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)。tendtodosth.意為“往往會(huì)做某事”，為固定用法。tocatch3．(2024·菏澤一模)Hewanted_________(learn)moreaboutChina—anancientcivilizationwithauniquelanguage,history,literatureandculture.tolearn

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。wanttodosth.意為“想要做某事”，空處缺少不定式作賓語(yǔ)。tolearn4．(2024·廣東名校5月模擬)Theyreported_____________(experience)headaches,depression,nervousnessandexhaustion.experiencing

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞report后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，意為“報(bào)告做了或正在做某事”。experiencing5．(2024·岳陽(yáng)質(zhì)檢)It'swhateverybodydeserves_________(have)inthisworld,inAmericaandeverywhere.tohave

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。deservetodosth.意為“值得做某事”，此處用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。tohave6．(2024·張家口一模)“Ifithelpstopromotelocaltourism,Idon'tmind_________(be)anonlinecelebrity，”Liusaidduringapreviousinterview.being

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞mind后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，意為“介意做某事”。being7．(2024·阜陽(yáng)3月質(zhì)檢)Whilesomepeoplehelpedpayforthegas,Sivleyneverasked_______________(compensate)forallhishardwork!tobecompensated

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。asktodosth.意為“要求做某事”，又因?yàn)镾ivley與compensate之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故此處用不定式的被動(dòng)形式作賓語(yǔ)。tobecompensated8．(2024·淮北一模)ZhangJun,whoissecretary-generaloftheeventorganizingcommittee,saidthefestivaliscommittedto_______________(strengthen)internationalfilmculturalexchangesandcooperation,promotingthedevelopmentofthefilmindustry,andfosteringtheprosperityoffilmcreation.strengthening

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。becommittedtodoingsth.是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“致力于做某事”，故此處用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。strengthening9．(2024·鎮(zhèn)江4月學(xué)情調(diào)研)Eventhoughinthepast2,000yearsmanychangeshaveoccurred,librarieshavekepttheirmainpurposetobecertainabout_________(give)thetruth.giving

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞about后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。giving10．(2024·邵陽(yáng)二模)Thegroundfloortends_________(use)asstoragespaceforfirewoodandfarmingequipment.tobeused

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。tendtodosth.是固定搭配，意為“傾向于做某事、往往會(huì)做某事”，又因use與主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)式。tobeused11．(2024·婁底四模)Sincethen,SahasdevotedherselftomasteringthefolkartfromlearningfromMathetechniquesandskillsusedinperformances,attendingperformancesgivenbyotherwell-knownsingers,practicingsingingHua'erwheneverpossible,to_________(study)itsoriginandhistory.studying

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?？崭袂懊娴膖o是介詞，與其前的第一個(gè)from構(gòu)成“from...to...”結(jié)構(gòu)，故此處用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。studying12．(2024·張家口一模)Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Liuchose_________(return)toworkinhishometownofYajiangcounty,wherehebecamedirectorofthetourismbureauin2002.toreturn

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞choose后用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。toreturn[技法點(diǎn)撥]1．提示詞是動(dòng)詞(1)若句中已有謂語(yǔ)，且設(shè)空處不是作并列謂語(yǔ)而是作介詞或動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；(2)利用邏輯主語(yǔ)和所給提示詞的關(guān)系確定形式：主謂關(guān)系用doing/todo，動(dòng)賓關(guān)系用beingdone/tobedone。2．牢記非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)的固定結(jié)構(gòu)(1)介詞(如by、for、of、with、without、after等)之后加動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，注意“to”的身份識(shí)別；(2)常見(jiàn)只能跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：hope、wish、expect、agree、promise、demand、ask、refuse、manage、learn、decide/determine、pretend、choose/select、plan、offer、apply、fail、afford、prepare、desire、happen等；(3)常見(jiàn)只能跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))：enjoy、consider、escape、avoid、risk、appreciate、admit、mind、imagine、delay、allow、permit、finish、suggest、practise、excuse、miss、goon、giveup、putoff、bedevotedto、insiston、keepon、succeedin、beworth等；(4)bebusydoingsth.、havedifficulty/trouble/ahardtime(in)doingsth.、spendsometime/money/energy(in)doingsth.?？挤?非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)_________(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare'splayRichard

ⅢinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThe

Peony

Pavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang'splaywasbeingperformed.”RecallingRecalling

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said，recall與邏輯主語(yǔ)Edmondson之間是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)。2．(2023·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteamerbasketisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,andsoIamalwaysleft_________(want)morenexttime.wanting

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。leavesb.doingsth.意為“讓某人一直做某事”。wanting3．(2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Thedesignfeaturestensteel“sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(鋁).Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays_________(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.togive

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式togive。togive4．(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)_____________(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.Havingvisited

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。結(jié)合句意及句中的狀語(yǔ)severaltimesoverthelast10years可知，visit所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生多次，且發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。Havingvisited5．(2024·浙江卷1月)Theshelvesinmostsupermarketsarefulloffamily-sizethisandmulti-buythat.However,ifyou'reshoppingforone,buyingextra_________(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn'tmakesense.tobenefit

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)buyingextra和frompricereductions可知，此處是指多買(mǎi)一些為了從降價(jià)中獲益，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。tobenefit6．(2023·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Nanxiangaside,thebestxiao

long

baohaveafineskin,allowingthem_________(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.tobelifted

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。空前的them指代上文的xiao

long

bao，此處表示“小籠包被從蒸籠里拿出來(lái)”。them與lift之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，此處構(gòu)成allowsth.tobedone結(jié)構(gòu)。tobelifted7．(2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford'sinternationalvisibility,saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed_________(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.tofind

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。beamazedtodosth.意為“對(duì)做某事感到驚訝”，是固定搭配，

其中動(dòng)詞不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)。tofind8．(2024·泰安一模)_________(locate)onBeijingRoad,theblockhostsintangibleculturalheritagedisplaysandevents.Located

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hosts，故空處動(dòng)詞作非謂語(yǔ)，且與句子主語(yǔ)theblock之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)，注意首字母大寫(xiě)。Located9．(2024·重慶模擬)Ms.Taitworeawig(假發(fā))forthefirstyearofhighschoolandherhairgrewback,only_________(fall)outagainafterayearandahalf.tofall

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意及空前的only可知，此處為onlytodo作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示出乎預(yù)料的結(jié)果。tofall10．(2024·梅州一模)InChina,itisreportedthatover40vocationalcollegesand80universitieshavesetupmajorsinteascienceorteaculture,withover3，000graduates____________(specialize)inteaproductionandarteveryyear.specializing

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。介詞with后的賓語(yǔ)over3，000graduates與specialize之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。specializing11．(2024·雅禮中學(xué)月考)Hecalledonthenation_________(meet)people'sever-growingintellectualandculturalneedsaswellastobuildgreaterculturalconfidenceandstrength.tomeet

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。callonsb.todosth.是固定搭配，意為“號(hào)召某人做某事”，此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。tomeet12．(2024·湖南5地調(diào)研)Tomakewildlife_________(protect)better,theauthorityhasnotonlysetthelistofhabitatsbutalsopublishedalistofwildanimalsunderspecialconservation,listing150kindsofwildanimals.protected

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，動(dòng)詞protect和賓語(yǔ)wildlife之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。protected13．TofeedtheeightbillionpeopleonEarth,mostfarmerstodayaregrowingonlyspeciesofplantsthatareeasy_________(produce)inlargenumbers.toproduce

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。形容詞后面常跟不定式作狀語(yǔ)，盡管toproduce和其邏輯主語(yǔ)plants之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。toproduce[技法點(diǎn)撥]

2個(gè)技巧確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)1．邏輯關(guān)系分析法(1)若主語(yǔ)與所給提示詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系：表示目的，應(yīng)用todo；表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用onlytodo；表示時(shí)間/條件/原因/讓步/伴隨/自然而然的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用doing；(2)若主語(yǔ)與所給提示詞是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系：表示動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生，應(yīng)用tobedone；表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，應(yīng)用done。2．固定句型用法(1)主語(yǔ)＋be＋形容詞(easy、hard、interesting、pleasant、safe等)＋todo,句子主語(yǔ)與不定式之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系；(2)too＋adj./adv.＋todo、adj./adv.＋enough＋todo、so＋adj./adv.＋astodo、such＋名詞＋astodo等結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)；(3)主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞＋表示情緒的形容詞(excited、happy、anxious、satisfied、delighted、angry等)＋todo，不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)。

2個(gè)技巧確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)1．邏輯關(guān)系分析法(1)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)與所給提示詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系：doing/(to)do；(2)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)與提示詞是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系：被動(dòng)完成done；被動(dòng)將來(lái)tobedone；被動(dòng)進(jìn)行beingdone。2．固定搭配和句型法(1)todo作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：allow、ask、beg、command、encourage、expect、forbid、invite、persuade、tell等＋sb.todosth.；(2)用省略to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))：“五”看；“三”使；“兩”聽(tīng)；“一”感覺(jué)?！發(fā)ookat/see/watch/notice/observe，make/let/have,hear/listento,feel”＋sb.＋dosth.；注意：在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)要還原to，如bemadetodo。(3)havesb./sth.doing意為“讓某人/某物一直做、允許/容許某人/某物做某事”；havesth.done意為“使某事被做、遭遇某事”；havesth.todo意為“有某事要做”；havesb.dosth.意為“讓某人做某事”。(4)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)①“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋todo”，表示動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生；②“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋doing”，表示主動(dòng)、動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；③“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋done”，表示被動(dòng)、動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成?？挤?非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)[試做經(jīng)典]1．(2023·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Shanghaimaybethe___________(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplings,butfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringancientcanaltownofNanxiangasxiao

long

bao'sbirthplace.recognized

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處表示“得到認(rèn)可的小籠包的發(fā)源地”?？仗幵诰渲凶鞫ㄕZ(yǔ)，修飾名詞home，且與home之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式。recognized2．(2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare'sBirthplaceGardenin2017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,_________(inspire)byThe

Peony

Pavilion,wasbuiltattheFirsGarden,justtenminutes'walkfromShakespeare'sbirthplace.inspired

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；inspire與邏輯主語(yǔ)asix-meter-tallpavilion之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式作后置定語(yǔ)。inspired3．(2024·浙江卷1月)Ifyoursupermarke