湖北省十堰市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末英語 含解析_第1頁
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高考資源網(wǎng)()您身邊的高考專家(AI教學(xué))訂購熱線堰市2025年高三年級(jí)元月調(diào)研考試英語本試題卷共12頁。滿分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。★??荚図樌镒⒁馐马?xiàng):1.答題前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?;卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore. B.Inahotel. C.Inalibrary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.IsupposeyouhavethebookShipofTheseushere,right?I’velookedeverywherebutjustcouldn’tfindit.W:Letmecheck.Sorry,thatbookhasbeenborrowedoutalready.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】HowmuchwoulditcosttostayattheSwissChaletforaweek?A.10dollars. B.63dollars. C.70dollars.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whereareyougoingthissummervacation?W:I’veheardaboutaniceplacecalledtheSwissChalet.It’s10dollarsaday.IfIstayforaweek,itwillgive10%off.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Tocancelaflight. B.Tomakeanapology. C.Toputoffameeting.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,MrSmith.I’mafraidDrBrownwon’tbeabletoseeyoutoday.He’sstillwaitingforaflightoutofNewYork.Hesaidhewouldmeetyoutomorrowafternoon.IsitOK?M:Soundsgood.Thankyouforcalling.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Postaletter. B.Writealetter. C.Doherhomework.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Tom,youhaven’tdoneyourhomeworktoday.M:Iknow,butIhavetofinishthisletterfirst.Mom,couldyouhelpmeposttheletterwhenIfinishit?W:OK.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’ssister?A.Sheisn’tactive.B.Shelookslikethewoman.C.Shehasaspecialcharacter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Yoursisterisquitedifferentfromyouincharacter.W:Manypeopleshareyouropinion.M:Youarealwaysactiveindealingwithproblems,whileyoursisterisdifferent.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題?!敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】6.Whatdidthewomanbuyatthestore?A.Somebeef. B.Somecards. C.Somevegetables.7.Whatadvicedoesthemangivethewoman?A.Shemusthaveenoughmoneywithher.B.Sheshouldnotbuyanythingshewants.C.ShemustcareabouthercreditcardandIDcard.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:IamhappyIstartedcarryingthecreditcardthatthebankgaveus.M:Whyisthat,Kate?Didyouuseittobuysomething?W:Isurelydid.OnthewayhomeIstoppedatastoretobuysomebeeffordinnerbecauseIdidn’thaveanycashwithme.M:Andtheypermittedyoutopaywiththecard?W:Yes.Theydidn’tevenaskmetogivethemID.M:Youhavetobecareful.Ifyoulosethemandsomeonefindsthem,thebankwillchargeyouforwhatyoubuy.W:Howmuchhasthebankallowedustospendwiththecard?M:Fifteenhundreddollars.Thebanksencourageustousethecard,buttheywillalsorequireustopaythemback.W:Youareright,Henry.I’llrememberthat.Butthecardsurelymakesiteasytospendmoney.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題?!敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】8.Whattypeofmusicdoesthemanlike?A.Rap. B.Jazz. C.Rock.9.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Asongwriter. B.Atelephoneoperator. C.Aradiohostess.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】W:Doyourgrandkidslovethesongsyouwrote?M:No,notatall.W:Oh,why?M:YouknowwhenIwasyoung,I’dlistentoalotofjazz.Thatformedmytasteofmusic.Thesedaysyoungpeoplearecrazyaboutrap,whichissomethingbeyondmyunderstandingof“singing”.Frankly,Ican’tmakeheadsortailsofit.W:Iknowwhatyoumean.Stilltherearepeopleofdifferentageswhoremainfaithfultojazz.Nowlet’shaveourtelephoneoperatortoputthroughouraudiencewho’relisteningtothisprogramrightnow.Let’sseewhatquestionsthey’vegotforyou.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】10.Whenwillthespeakersmeetattheforestpark?A.At9:30am. B.At10:00am. C.At10:30am.11.Howwillthemangototheforestpark?A.Bybus. B.Bybike. C.Onfoot.12.Whydidthemansellhiscar?A.Toexercisemore. B.Tobuyanewone. C.Toprotecttheenvironment.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:Sowewillmeetattheforestparkat10o’clocktomorrowmorning,right?M:Whynotmakeithalfanhourearlier?Weshouldsetoffearly.Thetrafficwon’tbetoobusythen.W:Alright.Bytheway,it’snoteasytofindaplacetoparkthere.I’lltakeabus,andIsuggestyoudothesame.M:Don’tworry.Iplantocyclethere.Besides,Idon’thaveacaranymore.Isoldit.W:Why?Areyougoingtobuyanewone?M:No.I’mnotgettinganothercar.MydoctorsaidthatIshouldexercisemore,sonowIusuallywalkbetweenmyworkplaceandhome.W:Ithinkyoumadeagooddecision.Therearetoomanycarsinthistown.Theairisheavilypolluted.聽下面一段較長對話,回答以下小題?!敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】13.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Fatheranddaughter. C.Salesmanandcustomer.14.Howmuchmaythelongernecklacecost?A.$500. B.$2,500. C.$3,500.15.Whichfactormaydecidethepriceofthenecklace?A.Length. B.Color. C.Style.16.Whathasthewomandecidedtobuy?A.Thelongernecklaceandthering.B.Neitherthenecklacenorthering.C.Theshorternecklaceandthering.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,canIhelpyouwithanything?W:Yeah.CanIlookatthisring?M:Sure.Letmegetitoutforyou.What’syoursize?W:Ibelievemysizeissix.M:Hereyouare.W:Doyouhaveanynecklacethatmatchesthisring?M:Actually,wehaveafewtochoosefrom.Theyareoverhere.W:There’snopricetagonthisnecklace.M:Oh,I’msorry.I’llcheckthepriceforyou.Itis$199.W:Thisnecklaceisalittleshort.Doyouhaveonethatislonger?M:Yes.Whydon’tyoutrythisoneon?W:Thisoneismuchbetter.CanItryontheringwiththisnecklace?M:Sure.Hereyouare.W:Ifyoudon’tmindmeasking,howmuchdotheycost?M:Theringis$1,500.Butthepricesofthiskindofnecklacerangefrom$600to$3,000,whichmainlydependonitsquality.Ofcourseitssizeandlengthalsocount.W:Isee.That’swhyitlookssonice.Youalwaysgetwhatyoupayfor.Letmethinkaboutit.M:Sure.Takeyourtime.W:Thankyouforallthehelp.M:Noproblem.聽下面一段獨(dú)白,回答以下小題?!敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻,請去附件查看】17.Atwhatageshouldchildrenbeginexercisingaccordingtoearlierguidelines?A.3. B.5. C.6.18.Howlongareadultsadvisedtoexerciseeveryweek?A.3hours. B.2.5hours. C.2hours.19.Whatkindofactivitiesshouldoldpeopleinclude?A.Thosewhichconnectthemtonature.B.Thosewhichconsumelittletime.C.Thosewhichhelpbalance.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Newexerciseguidelines.B.Theactivitiesforfreetime.C.Thebenefitsofexercising.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:Mostofusknowthatphysicalactivityleadstobetterhealth.Thatisnothingnew.Butforthefirsttimein10years,theUnitedStatesgovernmenthaschangeditsguidelinesonhowmuchexercisepeopleneedtostayhealthy.Forchildren,thenewfederalguidelinesstatethatchildrenasyoungas3yearsoldneedtobephysicallyactive.Earlierguidelinesusedtobeginatage6.DrGiriorsaysthatthemostimportanttimeforchildrentobeginexercisingisbetweentheageof3and5.Henotesthatboysandgirlsinthisagegroupneedatleastthreehoursofactivityeveryday.Doctorssayitisimportanttostartyoung.Foradults,thesuggestedlengthoftimeforexerciseremainsthesame,whichis150minutesperweekofmoderatephysicalactivity.Itcouldbedoinghousework;itcouldbegardening;itcouldbedancing—anykindofactivitythatgetsyourheartrateupandgetsyouexercisingmoderately.Theadviceforolderadultsremainsmostlyunchangedfromearlierfederalguidelines.Thoseoverage65shouldincludeactivitiesthathelpbalance.Betterbalancemeansfewerfallsandlesschanceofinjury.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHere’salookatsomehistorictownsinUpstateNewYork,eachfilledwithstoriesofthepastandasenseofplaceyouwon’tsoonforget.AuroraThishistoricvillagelocatedontheeasternshoreofCayugaLakewasoriginallyinhabitedbytheCayugapeople.European-Americansettlementbeganin1789,andby1837,Aurorawasincorporatedasavillage.ItbecameacentreforcanaltrafficfollowingtheopeningoftheCayuga-SenecaCanal,whichfacilitatedthetransportofwool,grain,fruit,andpigstobroadermarkets.CooperstownFoundedin1786byJudgeWilliamCooper,thistownwasnamedinCooper’shonor.Hisson,JamesFenimoreCooper,arenownednovelist,immortalizedtheareainhisTheLeatherstockingTales,referringtoOtsegoLakeasthe“Glimmerglass”.CooperstownisperhapsbestknownasthehomeoftheNationalBaseballHallofFameandMuseum,establishedin1939.Thisinstitutioncelebratesthehistoryofbaseballandhonorsitsgreatestplayers,makingthevillageafavouritesiteforfansofAmerica’spastime.SkaneatelesThename“Skaneateles”derivesfromtheIroquoistermfor“l(fā)onglake”,whichreflectstheindigenousrootsofthissmalltown.European-Americansettlementbeganinthelate18thcentury,andthevillagewasofficiallyincorporatedin1833.Skaneatelesisknownforitswell-preserved19th-centuryarchitecture,withmanybuildingsdatingbacktothe1830s.ThedowntownHistoricDistrict,establishedin1985,showcasesthesearchitecturaltreasures.SenecaFallsThistownisoftenrecognizedasthebirthplaceoftheWomen’sRightsmovementinAmerica.InJuly1848,ithostedthefirstWomen’sRightsConventionattheWesleyanChapel,whereactivistslikeElizabethCadyStantonandLucretiaMottpresentedtheDeclarationofSentiments,advocatingforwomen’sequality.YoucanvisittheWomen’sRightsNationalHistoricalPark,whichincludestheWesleyanChapelandthehomesofkeyfiguressuchasElizabethCadyStanton.21.WhatcontributedtoAurora’sbeingatrafficcenter?A.Theneedofmarkets. B.Theopeningofacanal.C.Thelocationofthevillage. D.ThesettlementofAmericans.22.WhatisCooperstownlargelyknownfor?A.Afamousbaseballmuseum.B.Ayearly“Glimmerglass”event.C.AlargecollectionofJamesFenimoreCooper’snovels.D.ThebirthplaceofJamesFenimoreCooper.23.Whichofthefollowingmayappealmosttoarchitects?A.Aurora. B.Cooperstown. C.Skaneateles. D.SenecaFalls.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文簡單介紹了紐約州北部地區(qū)四個(gè)具有歷史意義的小鎮(zhèn)?!?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Aurora部分中“ItbecameacentreforcanaltrafficfollowingtheopeningoftheCayuga-SenecaCanal,whichfacilitatedthetransportofwool,grain,fruit,andpigstobroadermarkets.(在Cayuga-Seneca運(yùn)河開通后,它成為了一個(gè)運(yùn)河交通中心,促進(jìn)了羊毛、糧食、水果和豬肉向更廣闊市場的運(yùn)輸)”可知,Aurora成為交通中心是因?yàn)橐粭l運(yùn)河的開通。故選B項(xiàng)?!?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Cooperstown部分中“CooperstownisperhapsbestknownasthehomeoftheNationalBaseballHallofFameandMuseum,establishedin1939.(庫伯斯敦可能最以其為1939年建立的國家棒球名人堂和博物館的所在地而聞名)”可知,庫伯斯敦因其著名的棒球博物館而聞名。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章Skaneateles部分中“Skaneatelesisknownforitswell-preserved19th-centuryarchitecture,withmanybuildingsdatingbacktothe1830s.(斯凱內(nèi)特爾斯以其保存完好的19世紀(jì)建筑而聞名,許多建筑可以追溯到19世紀(jì)30年代)”和最后一句“ThedowntownHistoricDistrict,establishedin1985,showcasesthesearchitecturaltreasures.(1985年成立的歷史中心展示了這些建筑瑰寶)”可知,斯凱內(nèi)特爾斯因其保存完好的19世紀(jì)建筑而可能對建筑師最有吸引力。故選C項(xiàng)。BWhatdidyouimaginethefutureoftransportationwouldlooklike?Wasitupintheair?AuniquevehiclecalledXTurismomadeitsappearanceattheDetroitAutoShowinearlySeptember.Thevehicleresemblesanordinarymotorbikeyou’dseeonthefreeway—asleek(造型優(yōu)美的)designwithanaerodynamicshape.Butwhatstirredinterestinthevehicleiswhatitdoesn’thave,whichisapairofwheels.Anditflies.Instead,ithasalandinggearsimilartoahelicopterandithassixpropellersparalleltotheground.Tworotors(轉(zhuǎn)子)areinfrontofthebikeandtheothertwoontheback.Inprinciple,thismightbetheworld’sfirstflyingbike.Inthevideo,youcanseethebikehoveringataheightofaroundfivefeet.Theplacementoftherotorsallowsthebiketostabilizemidairandstopitfromtippingordippingononeside.Evenwithits“earthly”design,itstilllookslikesomethingoutofasciencefictionmovie.There’sareasonforthattoo.ThefounderandCEOofthecompanybehindthisvehiclelovedStarWarsmovies.XTurismoisn’tasfastasitscounterpartsinHollywood,butitproudlyshowsthatthetechnologycouldwork.Andit’sachievable.“Iwantedtomakesomethingfromthemoviereal,”thefounderwasquotedsaying.“It’salandspeederfortheDarkSide.”Creatingsomethingthatfliesisn’tnewtothecompany.TheDelaware-basedcompanyisanair-mobilitycompanythatmakesdronesandotherunmannedvehicles.XTurismoisalreadybeingsoldinJapanbutthecompanyplansonbringingthisvisionofthefuturetotheUnitedStatesin2023.Theestimatedpriceforthisbaby?Awhopping$777,000.Thecompany,however,sharedmuchmoreambitiousplansincreatingasmallerandmoreefficientversionofthecraftby2025.Thesmallerversionisplannedtoberunbyelectricityandwouldcostabout$50,000.“Wehaven’tunlockedthetechnologytomakemoreefficientenginesforflyingvehiclesthatcantakethemhigherandfaster.Moreover,regulationsandrestrictionsalsovaryfromonecountrytoanother,”thefoundersaid.However,evenwitha40-minuteflighttime,theXTurismoismorethanenoughtoinspireengineersaboutthepossibilityofflyingthroughyourneighborhood.24.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Therelateddataofthevehicle.B.Thedisadvantagesofthevehicle.C.Thedesigntheoriesbehindthevehicle.D.Theuniquedesignandflightfeatureofthevehicle.25.Whatisthefunctionoftherotors?A.Tokeepthevehicle’sbalanceintheair. B.Tomaintainacertainspeed.C.Toassistthelanding. D.Toworkaswheels.26WhatcanbeinferredabouttheXTurismo?A.Itisthefirstflyingdeviceinthecompany.B.ItcanflyfasterthantheoneinHollywoodmovies.C.Itispricedatastronomical$777,000intheUnitedStates.D.Technicalandregulatoryfactorsovershadowitsfurtheradvances.27.Whatisthemaintopicofthistext?A.Anair-mobilitycompany.B.AsmallerversionoftheXTurismo.C.AflyingbikeattheDetroitAutoShow.D.AnelementarylandspeederinStarWarsmovies.【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在底特律車展上展出的一款名為XTurismo的飛行自行車,包括其設(shè)計(jì)、功能、價(jià)格以及面臨的挑戰(zhàn)等方面的內(nèi)容?!?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Butwhatstirredinterestinthevehicleiswhatitdoesn’thave,whichisapairofwheels.Anditflies.Instead,ithasalandinggearsimilartoahelicopterandithassixpropellersparalleltotheground.Tworotors(轉(zhuǎn)子)areinfrontofthebikeandtheothertwoontheback.Inprinciple,thismightbetheworld’sfirstflyingbike.

(但引起人們興趣的是它沒有的東西,那就是一對輪子。它會(huì)飛。相反,它有一個(gè)類似于直升機(jī)的起落架,它有六個(gè)平行于地面的螺旋槳。兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)子在自行車的前面,另外兩個(gè)在后面。原則上,這可能是世界上第一輛會(huì)飛的自行車。)”可知,本段提到它沒有輪子,而是可以飛行,具有類似于直升機(jī)的起落架和六個(gè)與地面平行的螺旋槳。接著提到這可能是世界上第一輛飛行自行車即主要介紹了XTurismo的獨(dú)特設(shè)計(jì)和飛行特點(diǎn)。故選D?!?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Theplacementoftherotorsallowsthebiketostabilizemidairandstopitfromtippingordippingononeside.(轉(zhuǎn)子的位置允許自行車穩(wěn)定在半空中,并阻止它從傾斜或傾斜在一邊。)”可知,轉(zhuǎn)子的位置可以使自行車在空中保持穩(wěn)定,防止其向一側(cè)傾斜或下沉。因此,轉(zhuǎn)子的功能是保持車輛在空中的平衡,故選A?!?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段創(chuàng)始人所說的話““Wehaven’tunlockedthetechnologytomakemoreefficientenginesforflyingvehiclesthatcantakethemhigherandfaster.Moreover,regulationsandrestrictionsalsovaryfromonecountrytoanother,”thefoundersaid.(“我們還沒有開發(fā)出技術(shù),為飛行器制造更高效的引擎,讓它們飛得更高更快。此外,各國的規(guī)定和限制也各不相同?!?”可知,XTurismo在技術(shù)和法規(guī)方面還存在很多挑戰(zhàn),這些因素阻礙了其進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。因此,可以推斷出技術(shù)和法規(guī)因素阻礙了XTurismo的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。故選D。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“AuniquevehiclecalledXTurismomadeitsappearanceattheDetroitAutoShowinearlySeptember.Thevehicleresemblesanordinarymotorbikeyou’dseeonthefreeway—asleek( 造型優(yōu)美的 )designwithanaerodynamicshape.(9月初,一款名為XTurismo的獨(dú)特汽車在底特律車展上亮相。這輛車和你在高速公路上看到的普通摩托車很像——光滑的設(shè)計(jì)和空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)的外形。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要介紹了在底特律車展上展出的一款名為XTurismo的飛行自行車,包括其設(shè)計(jì)、功能、價(jià)格以及面臨的挑戰(zhàn)等方面的內(nèi)容。因此,C選項(xiàng)“AflyingbikeattheDetroitAutoShow.(在底特律車展上展出的飛行自行車)”符合文章主題。選項(xiàng)C正確。CAnimalsandplantsalsoliveandthriveonpublicsquares.Thiscreatesopportunitiesforgreaterbiodiversityandwell-beingforthehumanpopulation.ResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofMunich(TUM)havestudiedat103locationsinMunichhowvariousfactorsaffectfloraandfauna(動(dòng)植物).Theyadvocateacloseexaminationoflocalconditionsandamorenature-focusedapproachtothedesignofpublicspaces.Togetherwithhisteam,WolfgangWeisser,ProfessorofTerrestrialEcologyatTUM,lookedatsuchfactorsassize,theoccurrenceoflawn,plantandtreegrowth,artificiallightsourcesandgreeninthesurroundingsofthe103publicsquaresinMunich.Thesquaresvariedfromalmostentirelysealed(封閉的)topark-likesquares.Theirresultsshow,withMunichasanexample,howgreatlythedifferentspacescandifferintheanimalsandotherorganismsthatcanlivethere.AttheheavilysealedMarienplatz,theresearcherscountedonly20species,withjustonebirdandmossspeciesaswellasinsectsandbatspecies.Meanwhile,atPfrontenerPlatz,aspacewithlawns,bushesandtrees,theyfound156taxa,including21differentkindsofbirds.AtJohannisplatz,118speciesarepresent,asithastrees,hedgesandsomegrassyareasdespitebeingsealedtoarelativelylargeextent.Unsurprisingly,moreplantsarebeneficialtomanyanimalspecies.Thisisafactorthaturbanplanningmodelsalreadytakeintoaccount.However,thestudyalsoshowsthatlawns,treesandbushesvarywidelyintermsofthediversityandnumbersofthespeciestheyattract.Sofar,publicspacesaredesignedwithhumansinmind,withlittleconsiderationtoanimalsandotherspecies.Theresearchersconcludedthatthechancesforgreaterbiodiversityareincreasedif,insteadofapplyingthesamepatternstoeverylocation,plannerstakeintoaccountthelocalconditionsandtheneedsofdifferentspecies.Toencouragemorebeespecies,forexample,theyshouldnotonlyplantnectar-bearingflowers,butalsoprovideopenspaceashabitatforbeesandasourceofnest-buildingmaterial.28.WhatdoesthestudyatTUMfocuson?A.Thebestlocationsforfloraandfauna.B.Factorstobeconsideredinsquaredesign.C.Theimpactoflocalconditionsonbiodiversity.D.Thebestwayforhumansandfloraandfaunatogetalong.29.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?A.Animalsexpandinsealedparks. B.Openparkssupportmorebiodiversity.C.Openparksarenotfitforbirdstostay. D.Closedparksareasgoodasopenones.30.Whatdoesthestudysayabouturbangreenery?A.Itvariesinattractingspecies. B.Itwillreplaceartificiallights.C.Ithasnothingtodowithspecies. D.Itiswellplannedinurbanbuildings.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EnhancingUrbanDevelopment:ConsideringLocalSpecies’NeedsB.Human-animalCoexistence:IntegratingNatureintoCityDesigningC.UrbanEcosystems:ChallengesforPlantsandAnimalsinUrbanSpacesD.BiodiversityintheCity:DesigningUrbanSpacesforHumansandAnimals【答案】28.B29.B30.A31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了慕尼黑工業(yè)大學(xué)(TUM)的研究,探討了城市公共空間設(shè)計(jì)中考慮當(dāng)?shù)貤l件和不同物種需求的重要性,以促進(jìn)生物多樣性?!?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofMunich(TUM)havestudiedat103locationsinMunichhowvariousfactorsaffectfloraandfauna(動(dòng)植物).Theyadvocateacloseexaminationoflocalconditionsandamorenature-focusedapproachtothedesignofpublicspaces.(慕尼黑工業(yè)大學(xué)(TUM)的研究人員在慕尼黑的103個(gè)地點(diǎn)研究了各種因素如何影響動(dòng)植物。他們主張密切檢查當(dāng)?shù)貤l件,并采取更注重自然的方法來設(shè)計(jì)公共空間)”可知,TUM的研究集中在設(shè)計(jì)公共廣場時(shí),影響動(dòng)植物的各種因素上。故選B項(xiàng)?!?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“AttheheavilysealedMarienplatz,theresearcherscountedonly20species,withjustonebirdandmossspeciesaswellasinsectsandbatspecies.Meanwhile,atPfrontenerPlatz,aspacewithlawns,bushesandtrees,theyfound156taxa,including21differentkindsofbirds.(在高度封閉的瑪麗恩廣場,研究人員僅計(jì)算出20個(gè)物種,包括僅有一種鳥類、苔蘚物種以及昆蟲和蝙蝠物種。與此同時(shí),在擁有草坪、灌木和樹木的普弗龍納廣場,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了156個(gè)分類單元,包括21種不同的鳥類)”可推知,開放的公園支持更多的生物多樣性。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“However,thestudyalsoshowsthatlawns,treesandbushesvarywidelyintermsofthediversityandnumbersofthespeciestheyattract.(然而,研究還表明,草坪、樹木和灌木在吸引物種的多樣性和數(shù)量方面存在很大差異)”可知,城市綠化在吸引物種方面存在差異。故選A項(xiàng)?!?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearchersconcludedthatthechancesforgreaterbiodiversityareincreasedif,insteadofapplyingthesamepatternstoeverylocation,plannerstakeintoaccountthelocalconditionsandtheneedsofdifferentspecies.(研究人員得出結(jié)論,如果規(guī)劃者不僅僅在每個(gè)地點(diǎn)應(yīng)用相同的模式,而是考慮到當(dāng)?shù)貤l件和不同物種的需求,那么增加更大生物多樣性的機(jī)會(huì)就會(huì)增加)”及全文可知,整篇文章主要討論了城市空間設(shè)計(jì)中考慮當(dāng)?shù)貤l件和不同物種需求的重要性,以促進(jìn)人類和動(dòng)物的共存。故選D項(xiàng)。DIfyoufindyourselfsleepyduringyourdailyactivitiesinyourolderage,youmayneedtoconsideritmorethananinconvenience-sincethefatiguemayindicateyou’reathigherriskfordevelopingaconditionthatcanleadtodementia(癡呆),anewstudyhasfound.Amongparticipantswhoexperiencedexcessivedaytimesleepinessandalackofenthusiasm,35.5%developedmotoriccognitiverisksyndrome(運(yùn)動(dòng)認(rèn)知風(fēng)險(xiǎn)綜合征),orMCRcomparedwith6.7%ofpeoplewithoutthoseproblems,accordingtothestudy.MCRismarkedbyslowwalkingspeedandcomplaintsofmemoryproblemsamongolderpeoplewhodon’talreadyhavedementiaoramobilitydisability.Theriskofdevelopingdementiamorethandoublesinthosewiththissyndrome,whichwasfirstdescribedin2013.Thefindingsarebasedon445adultswhowereaged76onaverage.Participantswalkedontreadmills(跑步機(jī))sotheirinitialgaitscouldberecorded,thenwereassessedannuallyfrom2011to2018.Thestudyauthorsalsocollectedyearlydataonparticipants’recollectionsoftheirsleepqualityandquantityinthetwoweeksleadinguptotheassessments.Overafollow-upperiodofroughlythreeyearsonaverage,36participantsdevelopedMCRsyndrome.Comparedwith“good”sleepers,“poor”sleepershadonlyaslightlyhigherriskofMCR.“Thestudyfindingsmayhelpphysiciansandpatientsbemoreopentoaskingquestionsaboutsleeppatterns,andtolookingmorecloselyatwalkingspeedwhenmakinganearlydiagnosis,”saidDr.RichardIsaacson,directorofresearchattheInstituteforNeurodegenerativeDiseasesinFlorida.“Ifyou’realreadyexperiencingmobilityissues,fallpreventioncanhelp,”Isaacsonsaid,“thatcanincludephysicalandoccupationaltherapyevaluation,andat-homeadaptationssuchasinstallingbarsintheshower,removingclutter(雜物)andusingnight-lights.”“MCRsyndromeisnewlyidentified,soexpertsstillhavealottolearnbeforetheycanexplainindetailwhatcausesitandhowitaffectsthebody,”Isaacsonsaid.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fatigue”probablymeaninparagraph1?A.Weakness. B.Tiredness. C.Comfort. D.Happiness.33.WhatmightbethefeatureofMCR?A.Slowmovement. B.Morecomplaints.C.Excessivesleepiness. D.Rapidcognitivedeclines.34.Howdidthestudycollectdataonparticipants’sleep?A.Bywritingsleepdiaries. B.Bydoingtreadmilltests.C.Byconductingannualinterviews. D.Bymonitoringsleepathome.35.Whatshouldaseniorwithmobilityissuesdo?A.Livenormally. B.Reduceactivity. C.Stayawake. D.Avoidfalls.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于疲勞可能表明你患癡呆的可能性更高的研究?!?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyoufindyourselfsleepyduringyourdailyactivitiesinyourolderage,youmayneedtoconsideritmorethananinconvenience(如果你在年老時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在日常活動(dòng)中犯困,你可能需要考慮的不僅僅是一種不便)”可知,此處提到了犯困的問題,緊接著下文提到了可能導(dǎo)致的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),所以可推測劃線詞可能是“疲勞”的意思。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“MCRismarkedbyslowwalkingspeedandcomplaintsofmemoryproblemsamongolderpeoplewhodon’talreadyhavedementiaoramobilitydisability.(MCR的特點(diǎn)是走路速度慢,在沒有癡呆癥或行動(dòng)障礙的老年人中抱怨有記憶問題。)”可知,MCR的特點(diǎn)是行動(dòng)緩慢。故選A項(xiàng)?!?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thestudyauthorsalsocollectedyearlydataonparticipants’recollectionsoftheirsleepqualityandquantityinthetwoweeksleadinguptotheassessments.(研究作者還收集了參與者在評估前兩周對睡眠質(zhì)量和睡眠時(shí)間的年度回憶數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知,此處提到了關(guān)于睡眠的年度回憶數(shù)據(jù),所以這項(xiàng)研究是通過年度采訪收集參與者的睡眠數(shù)據(jù)的。故選C項(xiàng)?!?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Ifyou’realreadyexperiencingmobilityissues,fallpreventioncanhelp(如果你已經(jīng)有行動(dòng)不便的問題,預(yù)防跌倒會(huì)有所幫助)”可知,行動(dòng)不便的老年人應(yīng)該預(yù)防跌倒。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Takingactionisoneofthemostimportantfactorsthatwilldetermineyoursuccess.Regardlessofwhatyouwantinyourlife,whetheryouwanttogetrich,buildamulti-milliondollarbusiness,traveltheworld,orownaluxuryhouse,youneedtotakeaction.Takingactionistheonlythingthatwillconnectyoutoyourresults.___36___Theydreamaboutwhattheywantandtheytalkabouttheirgoals,butattheendoftheday,iftheydonotputintheworkandpourintheeffort,theirdreamsandtheirgoalswillnevercometrue.___37___Itisnotlikemoneyisgoingtofallfromtheskyoryouwakeupthenextdayandfindthatyouhaveyourdreamcarsittinginyourgarage.Attheageof12,Mikewascuriousandwantedtobuildafrequencycounter(頻率計(jì)數(shù)器),buthedidnothavetheparts.___38___.WhathappenednextwasthatMikethoughtTom,acompanymanager,mightbeabletohelpingettingtheparts.HecheckedoutthetelephonebookforTom’snumber,andthencalledthatnumber.ToMike’ssurprise,TomansweredthephoneandthentheyoungMiketalkedtoTomandrequestedthepartsfromhim.___39___Healsoofferedhimasummerjobathiscompany,forassemblingthefrequencycounters.ThisishowMikegotintothecompany,kick-startedhiscareer,learnedaboutcomputers,andtherestbecamehistory.The12yearsoldMikemightnotknowwhatwashappeningbackthen;allheknewwasthathewantedthepartstobuildthefrequencycounter.___40___A.Nothingwillcometoyouautomatically.B.Whenyoutakeaction,everythingwillmove.C.Unfortunately,mostpeopledonottakeaction.D.Afterabout20minutesofchatting,TomagreedtogiveMiketheparts.E.Andlikeallothersuccessfulpeoplearoundtheworld,hewasfearlessintakingaction.F.Someactionsarehugeandtheymayrequirealotofyourenergyandtimetocomplete.G.However,hesomehowgottheideathatsomeoneintheindustrymayhavethepartsthathedesired.【答案】36.C37.A38.G39.D40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了行動(dòng)對于成功的重要性,并以Mike為例進(jìn)行說明。Mike在12歲時(shí)想要制作一個(gè)頻率計(jì)數(shù)器,但沒有零件,于是他采取行動(dòng),打電話給一家公司經(jīng)理Tom請求幫助,最終得到了零件和一個(gè)暑期工作機(jī)會(huì),從而開啟了他的職業(yè)生涯和計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)習(xí)之路。【36題詳解】上文提到“Takingactionistheonlythingthatwillconnectyoutoyourresults.(采取行動(dòng)是連接你與成果的唯一途徑。)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)了行動(dòng)的重要性,后文“Theydreamabout

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