【八下英語(yǔ)滬教版】Module 1 Unit 1 單元小結(jié)

Unit1Helpingthoseinneed單元小結(jié)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)一、重點(diǎn)單詞，短語(yǔ)和句式【精講精練】要點(diǎn)1raiseraisev.籌集；提升；增加raise=keep有“飼養(yǎng)，撫養(yǎng)”的意思常見搭配：raiseone’svoice提高嗓門raiseafamily養(yǎng)家糊口raisemoney籌款；raiseprice提高價(jià)格；raiseone’sspirits打起精神raisechildren（撫養(yǎng)孩子）辨析：raise,rise(rise--rose--risen)的區(qū)別(1)這兩個(gè)詞都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但其用法不同。raise是及物動(dòng)詞，其主語(yǔ)通常是人；而rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，其主語(yǔ)通常是物。例如：Thesunrisesandbathestheearth.太陽(yáng)升起，普照大地。(2)raise和rise用于同一事物時(shí)含義不同。例如：ThepriceofTVsetshasbeenraisedrecently.最近電視機(jī)提價(jià)了。（政府或廠家主動(dòng)行動(dòng)）ThepriceofTVsetshasrisenrecently.最近電視機(jī)提價(jià)了。（市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)）【典例分析】1.用raise,rise的正確形式完成下列句子。（1）He__________andwalkedtothewindow.（2）He______hishattomeasasignofrespect.（3）Thepeople’slivingstandardhasgreatlybeen______.（4）Hertemperatureisstill______.2根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子（1）月亮已經(jīng)從山上升起。Themoon________________abovethehills.（2）老板答應(yīng)要給她加薪水。Thebosspromised_________________hersalary.3.Asthecurtain_____，thefamoussingercameout.Thefans_____andscreamedwithexcitement.A．wasraised;rose B．hadbeenraised;wereraisedC．rose;wereraised D．hadrisen;raised4.ManypeoplecomplainthatsomeofKFCsinChina______thepriceofahamburgerbyoneyuan.A．rose B．raised C．dropped D．controlled5.Theytheglassesbetweentwopeopleslastyear.A.rise B．raise C．rose D．raised6.-Howdidyourclassraisemoneyforthepooroldmaninhospital?-WeorganizedabookfairontheplaygroundandsoldsomebooksandCDs.(同義句替換)A.collect B．putup C．spend7.太陽(yáng)從東邊升起，從西邊落下。_________________________________________要點(diǎn)2permissionPermission準(zhǔn)許；批準(zhǔn)Writealettertotheheadteachertoaskpermissiontoraisemoney.給校長(zhǎng)寫一封信請(qǐng)求允許籌錢?！就~】permitv.許可；準(zhǔn)許Theguardspermittedmetobringmycameraandtaperecorder.衛(wèi)兵準(zhǔn)許我?guī)鄼C(jī)和錄音機(jī)1)permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事Permitmetoofferyousomeadvice.請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我向你提些建議。(2)permitdoingsth.允許做某事Wedonotpermitsmokingintheoffice.我們不允許在辦公室吸煙?！镜淅治觥?1)Therulesoftheclubdonotpermit____________(smoke).(2)Myparentspermittedme_____________(go)totheparty.要點(diǎn)3：disableddisabled是形容詞，意為“喪失能力的；有殘疾的”。（1）disablev.使……失去能力Hewasdisabledintheaccident.他在那次事故中成了殘疾。（2）ableadj.有能力的Wewereabletodothis.我們有能力做到這個(gè)?！镜淅治觥?.Heisoldenoughtobe_______（disabled）totakecareofhimself.2.不要嘲笑殘疾人。(完成句子)Don’tlaughat___________________.要點(diǎn)4：suffersuffer(因疾病等)受苦；受折磨Hesufferedterriblyduringthelastfewdays.在過(guò)去的幾天里，他痛苦不堪。sufferfrom受……折磨Shesuffersfromthedisease.她受疾病的折磨?！镜淅治觥?.Somepeopleinthepoorvillagearestills______fromhunger.（根據(jù)首字母完成單詞拼寫）2.快進(jìn)來(lái)吧，這樣你就不會(huì)受外面寒冷的折磨。（完成句子）Comeinquicklysoyouwon’t________________thecoldoutside.要點(diǎn)5：illnessillnessn.（某種）病Thechildrenthereallsufferfromseriousillness.那里的孩子都遭受疾病的折磨。同根詞：illadj.有病的（比較級(jí)：worse,最高級(jí)：worst）辨析：ill,sick的區(qū)別：ill和sick都有生病的，有病的意思，但是用法并不完全相同。illill表示生病的，有病的這一意思時(shí)，一般用作表語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)；Sheisill/sickinbed.她臥病在床。ill作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)是壞的，邪惡的意思。Heisanillman他是一個(gè)邪惡的人。sicksick既可以作表語(yǔ)又可以作定語(yǔ)，如病人可以說(shuō)asickman或thesick,但不能說(shuō)anillman或theill。Sheislookingafterhersickfather.她在照顧她生病的父親Sick有惡心的，厭倦的之意。Thesmellmakesmesick.這氣味使我感到惡心【典例分析】1.用ill和sick填空1）Theboydoesn’tliketoeatanything.Hecanbe________2）Lucy’smotheris_________inhospital.3）She’llvisither_________motherafterschool.4)Thesmellmakesme________.2.Heisalso_______,butheisstilltakingcareofanother_______man.A.ill;ill B．sick;ill C．ill;sick要點(diǎn)6：organize1)organize v.組織；籌備WealldecidedtoorganizeaconcertforEaster.我們一致決定為復(fù)活節(jié)組織一場(chǎng)音樂(lè)會(huì)。2)organized adj.有組織的Doyouhaveanyconnectionstoorganizedcrime?你參與了任何有組織的犯罪嗎？3)organizer n.組織者Agoodorganizerpaysattentiontodetail.一個(gè)好的組織者考慮問(wèn)題無(wú)微不至。4)organization n.組織Mostofthefoodforthehomelessisprovidedbyvoluntaryorganizations.給無(wú)家可歸者的大部分食物是由志愿組織提供的?！镜淅治觥?.The_________aregoingto_____________asportsmeeting.A.organizer;organize B．organizers;organizedC．organization;organize D．organizers;organize2.—WhatabouthavingasurprisepartyforMissSmith?—Goodidea.Let’sdiscusswhento_______________theparty.A.organize B．delete C．a(chǎn)ccept D．solve3.Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?Wearegoingto________apicnic.Wouldyouliketojoinus?A.choose B．organize C．send D．travel4.ChinajoinedtheWorldTrade___________(organize)someyearsago.要點(diǎn)7：lonelylonely表示“寂寞的，孤寂的”，帶有較強(qiáng)感情色彩，可用作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)；表示“荒涼的，偏僻的”，用來(lái)說(shuō)明地方，多用作定語(yǔ)。例如：Whenhiswifedied,hewasverylonely.太太死后他非常孤獨(dú)。Theoldmanlivedinthelonelymountainvillage.那個(gè)老人住在荒涼的山村?！就卣埂縧onely與alone的辨析：lonely作形容詞，意為“（人）孤單的，寂寞的”，它更強(qiáng)調(diào)一種主觀的感覺；alone作形容詞和副詞，意為“獨(dú)自的（地），單獨(dú)的（地）”，它更強(qiáng)調(diào)一種客觀情況。alone作形容詞，在句中只用作表語(yǔ)。例如：Don’tleavemealone.Iwillfeellonely.別留下我一個(gè)人，我會(huì)覺得孤單的。區(qū)分alone與lonelyalone形容詞和副詞強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上“獨(dú)自一人”，不帶有感情色彩。作形容詞時(shí)不可作定語(yǔ)。lonely形容詞強(qiáng)調(diào)情感上“孤獨(dú)的；寂寞的”，可作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。還可意為“偏僻的”，只作定語(yǔ)?！镜淅治觥?.Hisgrandparentslive________inasmallhouse,buttheydon'tfeel________.A.lonely;alone B.alone;lonely C.lonely;lonely D.alone;alone2.Nowadaysmanyoldpeoplestayathome________,sotheyoftenfeel________.A.lonely,lonely B.lonely,alone C．a(chǎn)lone,lonely D．a(chǎn)lone,alone3.Whenyoufeelhopelessand________，justrememberyouarenot________intheworld.A．a(chǎn)lone；alone B．lonely；lonely C．lonely；alone D．a(chǎn)lone；lonely4.用alone，lonely填空(1)Weshoulddoourhomework________.(2)Thepoorboyis________andhasnofriends.(3)Itisnotconvenienttoliveina(n)________area.(4)Idon’tfeel________thoughIam________inastrangecity.（5）Theoldmanlivesina____________place____________.Hefeels___________becausehedoesn’thaveanysonsordaughters.要點(diǎn)8painpain的用法(1)作為名詞，意為“痛；疼痛”。常用于bein（great）pain，意為“處于極度疼痛之中”。Nopains,nogains.一份耕耘，一份收獲。（2）其形容詞為painful，意為“痛苦的”?！镜淅治觥?.老人被車撞了，非常痛苦。Theoldmanwashitbyacarandhewas__________________________.2.你的腿現(xiàn)在還疼嗎？Isyourleg___________now?3.Myhandis________pain.IjustcutmyhandwhenIusedaknifetocutthings.A．for B．a(chǎn)t C．in D．with4.Theoldman'sdaughterdiedlastyear，sohewasingreat__________and__________.A．sadness；pain B．sad；painful C．sadness；painful D．sad；pain5.Theboywasbadlyhurt.Hecouldn’thelpcryingbecauseofthe.A.pain B.happiness C.performance D.joy要點(diǎn)9expressexpress詞性動(dòng)詞，意為：表示；表達(dá)（思想和感情）對(duì)某人表達(dá)...express...tosb.Ifinditdifficulttoexpressmymeaning.我發(fā)覺難以表達(dá)我的意思。Sheexpressedherthankstous.她向我們致謝?！就卣埂縠xpress的名詞形式為Expression，意為“表情；表示；表達(dá)方式”Isentthemflowersasanexpressionofthanks.我送給他們鮮花以表示感謝?！镜淅治觥?.Theartistalways__________(表達(dá))hisworldviewinhisworks.2.—SongofAutumnbyLiuYuxidescribesautumninadifferentway.—Iagree.Mostpoets(詩(shī)人)describethisseasontoafeelingofsadness,butinLiu’seyesautumnisfulloflifeandhope.A.excuse B．express C．expect D．explain要點(diǎn)10difficultydifficultyn.意為“困難;困境;難事”。difficulty作抽象的“困難”講時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞；表示具體意義的“困難(如難事、難題)” 時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞。difficult，形容詞。困難的常用短語(yǔ)：havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.在做某事方面有困難。havedifficultywithsth在某方面有困難【典例分析】1.Mr.Lisayswecanaskhimforhelpifwehaveany________.A.Excuses B.difficulty C．information D．programmes2.Ihadgreatdifficultythesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.A.find B．found C．tofind D．finding3.Cheerup!I'msurewecan________thesedifficulties.A.create B.solve C.choose D.have4.我們費(fèi)了好大勁才找到你的房子。Wehadalotof_______________in__________yourhouse要點(diǎn)11spiritspiritn.精靈；神靈；精神【考點(diǎn)】與spirit相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：beinhighspirits情緒高beinlowspirits情緒低inspirit在精神上【典例分析】1.這是一種多么高尚的精神。What_______________________thisis!他情緒低落。2.Heis_____________________________.3.OnChildren’sDay,childrenreceivelotsofgiftsandareallinhigh.A.mind B.minds C．spirit D.spirits要點(diǎn)12die(v)死亡death(n)死亡die為不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“死”，其過(guò)去式為died，現(xiàn)在分詞為dying。Morethanthreehundredpeoplediedintheaircrash.在這次飛機(jī)失事中有300多人死亡。SheisillandI’mafraidshe’sdying.她病了，恐怕快要死了。譯：他的母親去世5年了。誤：Hismotherdiedforfiveyears.正：Hismotherhasbeendeadforfiveyears.dead形容詞，意為“死的，失去生命的”，在句中可作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。HewaswatchinghisdeadcatwhenIcamein.當(dāng)我進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，他正在注視著他的死去的貓。I’mafraidheisdead.我恐怕他已經(jīng)去世了。拓展：①dieof意為“因……而死”，一般指由于疾病、情感等內(nèi)因引起的死亡。Hergrandfatherdiedofcancerin1992.她的祖父于1992年死于癌癥。②diefrom意為“因……而死”，一般指由于外傷、事故等外因引起的死亡。Theoldmandiedfromacaraccidentlastyear.那位老人去年死于一場(chǎng)車禍?！镜淅治觥?.—DoyouknowthatMr.Zhangpassedbylastweek?—Yes.Hedied________illness.A.of B.from C.with D.as2.Thelamb________forquitesometime.A.hasdied B．die C.hasdead D．hasbeendead3.—Whendidtheoldman________？—In2006.He________fornearlytenyears.A.die;died B．die;hasbeendead C．dead;hasdied D．dead;died4.LeiFengformanyyears,buthisspiritisstillencouragingus.A.died B．hasdied C．wasdead D．hasbeendeadⅡ.根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示填寫單詞。5.LiHua'sgrandfatherhasbeend________for20years.6About50passengerswereburnedto________(死亡)onBRTXiamenonJune7th,2013要點(diǎn)13encourageencourage作動(dòng)詞，意為“鼓勵(lì)”。encouragesb.todosth.意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”。例如：Theteacheroftenencouragesustostudyhard.老師經(jīng)常鼓勵(lì)我們要努力學(xué)習(xí)。encouragement是encourage的名詞形式，意為“鼓舞/鼓勵(lì)”。例如：Theteacher’swordswereagreatencouragementtohim.老師的話對(duì)他是極大的鼓舞。encourage詞形變化及短語(yǔ)用法：encourage(v.)鼓勵(lì)>常用短語(yǔ)encouragesbtodosth鼓勵(lì)某人去做某事encouragesbinsth在某事上鼓勵(lì)某人courage(n.)勇氣>常用短語(yǔ)havethecouragetodosth有勇氣去做某事【典例分析】1.我們總是被（王老師）鼓勵(lì)在課上講英語(yǔ)。Ms.Wangalways___________________________speakEnglishinclass。2.Tomisshy,buthespokeinfrontoftheclassthismorning.Whatgreat_____heshowed!A.will B．fun C．pride D．courage3.Hiscoachencouragedhim________thecompetition.A.enter B．entered C．entering D．toenter4.MissWhiteencouragedLucy________.A.dance B.dancing C.todance D．willdance要點(diǎn)14：offerofferv.=bewillingtodosomething主動(dòng)提出常用短語(yǔ)：offertodosth主動(dòng)提供干某事offerone’shand伸出友好的手offersb.sth.為某人提供某物Peterofferedtoteachthemwater-skiing.彼得主動(dòng)提出教他們滑水。Theyhaveofferedmealargesumofmoneytogoaway.他們?cè)鵀槲姨峁┮淮蠊P搬遷費(fèi)辨析：provide,offer的區(qū)別：provide用于表示無(wú)主動(dòng)慷慨之意地為人或物提供需要或有用的東西，僅僅是出于某種責(zé)任，強(qiáng)調(diào)提供必須用的東西，尤其是生活用品。常用于providesb.withsth.或providesth.forsb.的固定搭配中。offer表示主動(dòng)提供服務(wù)、工作等。常用于offersb.sth.或offersth.tosb.固定搭配中。例如：offersb.主動(dòng)提出幫助某人；offersb.agoodsalary給某人一個(gè)好工資。Somehowshemanagedtoprovideherchildrenwithfoodandclothing.她總算設(shè)法使她的孩子有飯吃，有衣穿。Heofferedmeaglassofwine.=Heofferedaglassofwinetome.他端給我一杯酒?！镜淅治觥?.他主動(dòng)要把他的詞典借給我He_________________________mehisdictionary.。2.校長(zhǎng)要把她的雨衣借給我。Theheadmaster______________________herraincoat.=Theheadmaster___________herraincoat_____________________.3.感謝你主動(dòng)幫忙。Thankyoufor_____________________ofhelp.4.WhenI’mintrouble,mysisteralways_________________.A.offershelpingme B.offerstohelpmeC．a(chǎn)sksmetohelp D.asksmeathelp5.Alotofheroes_________theirlives__________ourcountryduringtheearthquakeinSichuan.A.offer;to B.offer;for C.offered;to D.offered;/6.Theydidn’tprovidemefood,soIhadtofindsomethingtoeat.A．for B．to C．a(chǎn)bout D．with7.Thenewly-openedcompany________thelocalpeoplewithmorechancestowork.A.gives B．provides C．offers D．shows8.—Inthepastfiveyears,ChinahasplayedanimportantroleintheBeltandRoad.—Ithas_____manynationsagreatchancetocommunicate.A.offered B．supported C．included D．provided要點(diǎn)15“四朵金花”（高頻考題,重點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練）詞匯用法spend主語(yǔ)必須是人，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：1.spendtime/moneyonsth.在上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢2.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢做某事cost主語(yǔ)是物或者某種活動(dòng)，還可以表示“值”，常見用法：“sthcosts(sb)+金錢”,意為“某物花了（某人）多少錢”take后面常跟雙賓語(yǔ)，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：1.“Ittakessb+時(shí)間+todosth”做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間。2.“doingsthtakessb+時(shí)間”做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間。pay主語(yǔ)必須是人，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：1.pay(sb)moneyforsth.為...付錢（給某人）2.payforsth.付的錢3.payforsb.替某人付錢4.paysb.付錢給某人?！镜淅治觥恳?、單項(xiàng)選擇：1.It______________metwoweekstofinishreadingthenovelwrittenbyGuoJingming.A.spent B．took C.paid D.cost2.ThenewT-shirt_______________mefiftyyuan.A.spent B．took C.paid D.cost3.He___________twentyyuanforthebook.A.paid B.took C.cost D.spent 4.Iusually____________twohoursonmyhomeworkeveryday.A.spend B.pay C.cost D.take5.Jackusually__________anhour___________hishomework.A.takes,todo B．pays,fordoing C.spends,ondoing D．spends,doing6.Lucyspendsonehundredyuan___________bookseverymonth.A.on B.in C.with D.of7.LittleTomusuallyspendshisfreetime___________somereadingathome.A.do B.doing C.ondoing D.todo8.IttookLucytwodays___________drawingthisbeautifulpicture.A.tofinish B.infinishing C.finishing D.finish9.Asmile____________nothing,butgivesmuch.A.costs B．spends C．cost D．spend二、選擇正確的“花費(fèi)”的適當(dāng)形式填空。1、It______________meaboutanhourtodomyhomeworkeveryday.2、I______________anhourcleaningmyofficeyesterday.3、Thisheavycoat______________me500yuan.4、I______________50yuanforthedictionaryyesterdayafternoon.5、I______________twohoursonthismathsproblem.Atlast,Iworkeditout.三、完成句子。1、他們花了兩年建造這座大橋。They__________twoyears_____________________thisbridge.2、他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。___________________themthreeyears__________buildthisroad.3、從這里走到車站花了我們半小時(shí)。___________usthirtyminutes____________fromheretothestation.4、我花了兩個(gè)小時(shí)才完成這篇作文。Ittookmetwohours______________________thecomposition.5、我花三千元買了這部手機(jī)。_________3,000yuan________themobilephone.要點(diǎn)16becauseofbecauseof和because是同義詞，都可以表示原因，但是，because的后面用句子；becauseof的后面用名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)形式。例如：IwaslatethismorningbecauseImissedthefirstbus.我今天早上遲到是因?yàn)槲覜](méi)能趕上第一班公共汽車。Wecouldn’thavethesportsmeetinglastSundaybecauseoftherain.我們上個(gè)星期天沒(méi)能召開運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是因?yàn)橄掠炅??！镜淅治觥?.用because和becauseof填空。(1)heisill,heisabsenttoday.(2)Heisnotatschoolhisillness.(3)Hecan’tcometheheavyrain.(4)Welikephysicswecanlearnalotofideas.(5)Thestudentsdidn’tneedtogotoschool______________thestorm.2.Hewasill,sohedidn’tgotoschool.（同義句改寫）_____________hewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.3.Hecouldn’twalkbecausehislegwasbroken.（同義句改寫）Hecouldn’twalk____________________his_________leg.4.Icamebackbecauseitwasrainingheavily.（同義句改寫）Icameback___________________the________rain.5.______Idon’thaveenoughmoney,______Ican’taffordthecar.A./;so B．Because;so C．/;and D./;because6.Hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday____hewasill.A.because B．becauseof C．if D．so7.Ididn’tgotothepartynot________theweather,but_______Ididn’tfeelwell.A.becauseof;because B.because;becauseofC.because;because D.becauseof;becauseof【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1.報(bào)請(qǐng)批準(zhǔn)____________________ 2.情緒高漲_______________________3.無(wú)法做某事_______________ 4.因?yàn)?；由于_____________________5.繼續(xù)做某事_______________ 6.幫助某人________________________7.做某事有困難_______________ 8.需要幫助的_______________________9.身體狀況良好/較差_______________ 10.在某人空閑時(shí)間_________________11.為了____________________ 12.與某人交朋友___________________13.為...付費(fèi)_______________ 14.籌集善款_______________________15.使振奮_______________ 15.遭受___________________________16.拍照_______________ 17.參加___________________________18.考慮_______________ 19.義務(wù)性工作____________________【重點(diǎn)句式】1.Cindyisinhospitalbecauseshesufferedfromseriousillnesses.2.Shewantedtopaintapictureoftheparknearherhome.3..Iwentthereandtooksomephotosofit4.Herparentsdiedinacaraccident,andsheisunhappyandverylonely.5.Hehurthislegsinanaccident,buthehaslotsofcourage.6.WeneedtohelpchildrenlikeTimandraisetheirspirits.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)二、語(yǔ)法動(dòng)詞不定式A不定式的語(yǔ)法功能1.作主語(yǔ)1)眼見為實(shí)_________________istobelieve2)昨天我花2小時(shí)做作業(yè)。It_________me2hours___________________myhomeworkyesterday.3)對(duì)一個(gè)13歲的男孩來(lái)說(shuō)，獨(dú)自去外國(guó)旅游真的是很勇敢。________brave________a13-year-oldboy________________aroundtheforeigncountriesalone.4)對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)，穿過(guò)繁忙的街道很危險(xiǎn)。_______________verydangerousforchildren___________________thebusystreet.2.作賓語(yǔ)習(xí)慣接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：agree,ask,choose,decide,hope,learn,offer,plan,promise,want,wish,wouldlike等1）她希望將來(lái)去美國(guó)留學(xué)Shehopes__________________inAmericainthefuture.2)我想買個(gè)新相機(jī)。Iwant_________________anewcamera.3)她答應(yīng)會(huì)來(lái)。Shepromised________________.4)他們決定步行去那兒。They________________________________thereonfoot.3.作表語(yǔ)1)我的夢(mèng)想是當(dāng)一名老師。Mydreamis______________________ateacher2)他似乎很有錢。Heseems__________________veryrich.3)他的任務(wù)是照顧好他的妹妹。Histaskis__________________________________hissisterwell.4）不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)助語(yǔ)這類結(jié)構(gòu)常見于asksb.todosth.tellsbtodosthwantsb.todosth.advisesb.todo這類動(dòng)詞常有：advise,allow,ask,encourage,help,invite,order,teach,tell,want,wish等。1）我爸媽不許我晚上外出Myparentsdon’tallow_______________________outatnight.2）老師叫我們把這些單詞寫下來(lái)。Theteachertold__________________________________thewords.3)他鼓勵(lì)我努力學(xué)習(xí)Heencouraged_________________________hard.4)他昨天用機(jī)器人完成他的作業(yè)。Heused___________________________________hishomework.5）不定式作狀語(yǔ)1）他來(lái)借錢。Hecame__________________somemoney.2)他每周六都去那照顧病人。EverySaturday,hewentthere________________________thepatients.3)很高興見到你Iamglad__________________you.6）不定式作定語(yǔ)（后面章節(jié)再學(xué)習(xí)）B不定式的疑問(wèn)式“疑問(wèn)詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的從句1）他們正在學(xué)習(xí)如何幫助殘疾人。Theyarelearning___________________________disabledpeople.2）你知道在哪兒買飛機(jī)票嗎？Doyouknow________________________________flighttickets?3）他知道什么時(shí)候開始。Heknew_________________________________.4)請(qǐng)告訴我下一步做什么。Pleasetellme______________________________next.5)打擾一下，請(qǐng)問(wèn)書店怎么走？Excuseme,couldyoutellme_________________________________tothebookshop?C不定式的否定式1)老師提醒上課不要睡覺。TheteacherwarnedKate_________________________inclass.2)老師告訴Sally即使是沒(méi)有時(shí)間也不要放棄彈鋼琴.TheteachertoldSallyplayingthepianoeventhoughshehadnotime3）警察叫那些孩子不要在馬路上玩耍。Thepolicetoldthechildren_________________________ontheroad.D省略to的不定式省略to的不定式常有l(wèi)et,make，see,hear，watch。而help后作賓語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)時(shí)可以用to，也可以省略to1）別讓小孩玩火。Don’t_________yourchild_________withfire.2)這喧鬧的音樂(lè)使我想離開。Theloudmusicmade____________________toleave.3)我看見她進(jìn)了這家醫(yī)院。I__________her____________hehospital.4)我們經(jīng)常聽到她唱這首歌。Weoften__________her_________thissong.【典例分析】一用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Themanwishes_________(travel)aroundtheworld.2.Wouldyoulike_________(visit)theScienceMuseum?3.Pleaseletme_________(finish)thereportfirst.4.Whynotoffer_______(help)yourmotherwithsomehousework?5.YoucanaskMary___________(organize)theparty.6.Nobodywants__________(suffer)fromthisdisease.7.Theydecided_________(pay)nothingfortheterriblemeal.8.We’lllearn__________(sing)abeautifulEnglishsongtomorrow.9.WhomadeLittleTom_____(do)somuchwork?10.OurChineseteacheralwaysencouragesus________(read)morebooks.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)三、書面表達(dá)【話題分析】本單元寫作話題是志愿者工作，能夠表述志愿者活動(dòng)的一些語(yǔ)句。學(xué)會(huì)不定式在句式中的運(yùn)用。能夠?qū)懗鲎鲋驹刚哂?jì)劃的小短文?！径陶Z(yǔ)積累】1.需要幫助的_________________ 2.義務(wù)性工作_______________________3.報(bào)請(qǐng)批準(zhǔn)____________________ 4.因……受苦；受折磨_________________5.使振奮；使鼓起勇氣_________________ 6.拍照__________________________7.表達(dá)某人的感情___________________ 8.照顧_________________________9.在某人的空閑時(shí)間_________________ 10.做……有困難_________________11.籌款____________________ 12.將來(lái)______________________13.目的在于；為了_________________ 14.考慮_______________________15.開展活動(dòng)_____________________ 16.因?yàn)?；由于__________________17改變某人的人生_________________ 18.擔(dān)任……工作_________________【句式積累】重點(diǎn)句子翻譯。1.我毫不費(fèi)力地表達(dá)了自己的意思。____________________________________________________________________________2.對(duì)新單詞的發(fā)音我總是有困難。____________________________________________________________________________3.懷特太太的小孩又患了嚴(yán)重的感冒。____________________________________________________________________________4.美妙的音樂(lè)可以給她帶來(lái)快樂(lè)和寧?kù)o。____________________________________________________________________________5.我會(huì)盡最大的努力使她振作起來(lái)。____________________________________________________________________________6.我們想要在星期五下午在學(xué)校操場(chǎng)舉行這次活動(dòng)。____________________________________________________________________________7.網(wǎng)上訂票很方便。____________________________________________________________________________8.為了籌款給那些需要幫助的兒童，我們計(jì)劃了一些活動(dòng)。____________________________________________________________________________9.我們將舉辦一個(gè)書展。____________________________________________________________________________10.我盼望得到你的回信。____________________________________________________________________________【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】話題給校長(zhǎng)的一封信假如你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席蘇明，你校師生想在校內(nèi)舉辦書展，為開展環(huán)保宣傳活動(dòng)籌集資金。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容提示，給王校長(zhǎng)寫一封信，征得他的同意。詞數(shù)80左右。內(nèi)容包括：(1)活動(dòng)原因：全校師生打算在超市附近舉辦環(huán)保宣傳晚會(huì)，但是資金不足；(2)活動(dòng)內(nèi)容：舉辦一次書展，籌集資金；(3)時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)：下周三下午4點(diǎn)整，學(xué)校操場(chǎng)；(4)參加人員：全校師生。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit1Helpingthoseinneed單元小結(jié)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)一、重點(diǎn)單詞，短語(yǔ)和句式【精講精練】要點(diǎn)1raiseraisev.籌集；提升；增加raise=keep有“飼養(yǎng)，撫養(yǎng)”的意思常見搭配：raiseone’svoice提高嗓門raiseafamily養(yǎng)家糊口raisemoney籌款；raiseprice提高價(jià)格；raiseone’sspirits打起精神raisechildren（撫養(yǎng)孩子）辨析：raise,rise(rise--rose--risen)的區(qū)別(1)這兩個(gè)詞都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但其用法不同。raise是及物動(dòng)詞，其主語(yǔ)通常是人；而rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，其主語(yǔ)通常是物。例如：Thesunrisesandbathestheearth.太陽(yáng)升起，普照大地。(2)raise和rise用于同一事物時(shí)含義不同。例如：ThepriceofTVsetshasbeenraisedrecently.最近電視機(jī)提價(jià)了。（政府或廠家主動(dòng)行動(dòng)）ThepriceofTVsetshasrisenrecently.最近電視機(jī)提價(jià)了。（市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)）【典例分析】1.用raise,rise的正確形式完成下列句子。（1）He__________andwalkedtothewindow.（2）He______hishattomeasasignofrespect.（3）Thepeople’slivingstandardhasgreatlybeen______.（4）Hertemperatureisstill______.【答案】（1）rose(2)raised(3)raised（4）rising2根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子（1）月亮已經(jīng)從山上升起。Themoon________________abovethehills.（2）老板答應(yīng)要給她加薪水。Thebosspromised_________________hersalary.【答案】（1）hasrisen（2）toraise3.Asthecurtain____，thefamoussingercameout.Thefans______andscreamedwithexcitement.A．wasraised;rose B．hadbeenraised;wereraisedC．rose;wereraised D．hadrisen;raised【答案】A句意：幕布拉開時(shí)，那位著名歌手走了出來(lái)。球迷們興奮地站起來(lái)尖叫。raise是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“舉起,抬起”：第一空要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。幕布被升起。只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第二空沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)。故用rise。答案選A。4.ManypeoplecomplainthatsomeofKFCsinChina_____thepriceofahamburgerbyoneyuan.A．rose B．raised C．dropped D．controlled【答案】B抬高價(jià)格。Raisetheprice。Raise后面接賓語(yǔ)。5.Theytheglassesbetweentwopeopleslastyear.A.rise B．raise C．rose D．raised【答案】D句意：去年他們?cè)趦蓚€(gè)民族之間挑起了隔閡。Raise及物動(dòng)詞，后面接賓語(yǔ)。6.-Howdidyourclassraisemoneyforthepooroldmaninhospital?-WeorganizedabookfairontheplaygroundandsoldsomebooksandCDs.(同義句替換)A.collect B．putup C．spend【答案】raise“籌集，征集”raisemoney募捐。7.太陽(yáng)從東邊升起，從西邊落下。【答案】ThesunrisesintheEastandsetsintheWest.Rise不及物動(dòng)詞。要點(diǎn)2permissionPermission準(zhǔn)許；批準(zhǔn)Writealettertotheheadteachertoaskpermissiontoraisemoney.給校長(zhǎng)寫一封信請(qǐng)求允許籌錢?！就~】permitv.許可；準(zhǔn)許Theguardspermittedmetobringmycameraandtaperecorder.衛(wèi)兵準(zhǔn)許我?guī)鄼C(jī)和錄音機(jī)1)permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事Permitmetoofferyousomeadvice.請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我向你提些建議。(2)permitdoingsth.允許做某事Wedonotpermitsmokingintheoffice.我們不允許在辦公室吸煙?！镜淅治觥?1)Therulesoftheclubdonotpermit____________(smoke).(2)Myparentspermittedme_____________(go)totheparty.【答案】1.smoking2.togo要點(diǎn)3：disableddisabled是形容詞，意為“喪失能力的；有殘疾的”。（1）disablev.使……失去能力Hewasdisabledintheaccident.他在那次事故中成了殘疾。（2）ableadj.有能力的Wewereabletodothis.我們有能力做到這個(gè)。【典例分析】1.Heisoldenoughtobe_______（disabled）totakecareofhimself.2.不要嘲笑殘疾人。(完成句子)Don’tlaughat___________________.【解析】1.able有能力的。beableto能，會(huì)。2.disabledpeople。要點(diǎn)4：suffersuffer(因疾病等)受苦；受折磨Hesufferedterriblyduringthelastfewdays.在過(guò)去的幾天里，他痛苦不堪。sufferfrom受……折磨Shesuffersfromthedisease.她受疾病的折磨?！镜淅治觥?.Somepeopleinthepoorvillagearestills______fromhunger.（根據(jù)首字母完成單詞拼寫）2.快進(jìn)來(lái)吧，這樣你就不會(huì)受外面寒冷的折磨。（完成句子）Comeinquicklysoyouwon’t________________thecoldoutside.【答案】1.Suffering2.sufferfrom要點(diǎn)5：illnessillnessn.（某種）病Thechildrenthereallsufferfromseriousillness.那里的孩子都遭受疾病的折磨。同根詞：illadj.有病的（比較級(jí)：worse,最高級(jí)：worst）辨析：ill,sick的區(qū)別：ill和sick都有生病的，有病的意思，但是用法并不完全相同。illill表示生病的，有病的這一意思時(shí)，一般用作表語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)；Sheisill/sickinbed.她臥病在床。ill作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)是壞的，邪惡的意思。Heisanillman他是一個(gè)邪惡的人。sicksick既可以作表語(yǔ)又可以作定語(yǔ)，如病人可以說(shuō)asickman或thesick,但不能說(shuō)anillman或theill。Sheislookingafterhersickfather.她在照顧她生病的父親Sick有惡心的，厭倦的之意。Thesmellmakesmesick.這氣味使我感到惡心【典例分析】1.用ill和sick填空1）Theboydoesn’tliketoeatanything.Hecanbe________2）Lucy’smotheris_________inhospital.3）She’llvisither_________motherafterschool.4)Thesmellmakesme________.【答案】1.ill/sick2.ill/sick作表語(yǔ)2個(gè)單詞都可以。3.sick可以作定語(yǔ)，而ill不做定語(yǔ)。4.sick著重表示“惡心的“2.Heisalso_______,butheisstilltakingcareofanother_______man.A.ill;ill B．sick;ill C．ill;sick【答案】C.sick可以作定語(yǔ)，而ill不做定語(yǔ)要點(diǎn)6：organize1)organize v.組織；籌備WealldecidedtoorganizeaconcertforEaster.我們一致決定為復(fù)活節(jié)組織一場(chǎng)音樂(lè)會(huì)。2)organized adj.有組織的Doyouhaveanyconnectionstoorganizedcrime?你參與了任何有組織的犯罪嗎？3)organizer n.組織者Agoodorganizerpaysattentiontodetail.一個(gè)好的組織者考慮問(wèn)題無(wú)微不至。4)organization n.組織Mostofthefoodforthehomelessisprovidedbyvoluntaryorganizations.給無(wú)家可歸者的大部分食物是由志愿組織提供的?！镜淅治觥?.The_________aregoingto_____________asportsmeeting.A.organizer;organize B．organizers;organizedC．organization;organize D．organizers;organize【答案】D【解析】這些組織者將組織一場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。2.—WhatabouthavingasurprisepartyforMissSmith?—Goodidea.Let’sdiscusswhento_______________theparty.A.organize B．delete C．a(chǎn)ccept D．solve【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：——給MissSmit辦個(gè)驚喜派對(duì)怎么樣？——好主意，讓我們討論何時(shí)組織這個(gè)聚會(huì)。A.organize組織；B.delete刪除；C.accept接受；D.solve解決。根據(jù)WhatabouthavingasurprisepartyforMissSmith?可知，此處應(yīng)表示：組織聚會(huì)。故選A。3.Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?Wearegoingto________apicnic.Wouldyouliketojoinus?A.choose B．organize C．send D．travel【答案】B【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析題。根據(jù)句意可知，這個(gè)周末你打算做什么?我們打算組織一次野餐。你想加入我們嗎?choose意為：選擇；organize意為：組織；send意為：寄；派遣；travel意為：旅行。4.ChinajoinedtheWorldTrade___________(organize)someyearsago.【解析】Organization組織。名詞。要點(diǎn)7：lonelylonely表示“寂寞的，孤寂的”，帶有較強(qiáng)感情色彩，可用作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)；表示“荒涼的，偏僻的”，用來(lái)說(shuō)明地方，多用作定語(yǔ)。例如：Whenhiswifedied,hewasverylonely.太太死后他非常孤獨(dú)。Theoldmanlivedinthelonelymountainvillage.那個(gè)老人住在荒涼的山村?！就卣埂縧onely與alone的辨析：lonely作形容詞，意為“（人）孤單的，寂寞的”，它更強(qiáng)調(diào)一種主觀的感覺；alone作形容詞和副詞，意為“獨(dú)自的（地），單獨(dú)的（地）”，它更強(qiáng)調(diào)一種客觀情況。alone作形容詞，在句中只用作表語(yǔ)。例如：Don’tleavemealone.Iwillfeellonely.別留下我一個(gè)人，我會(huì)覺得孤單的。區(qū)分alone與lonelyalone形容詞和副詞強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上“獨(dú)自一人”，不帶有感情色彩。作形容詞時(shí)不可作定語(yǔ)。lonely形容詞強(qiáng)調(diào)情感上“孤獨(dú)的；寂寞的”，可作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。還可意為“偏僻的”，只作定語(yǔ)?！镜淅治觥?.Hisgrandparentslive________inasmallhouse,buttheydon'tfeel________.A.lonely;alone B.alone;lonely C