2025屆高考英語二輪專題復習與測試專題二閱讀七選五第三講依據(jù)線索詞匯解題

第三講依據(jù)線索詞匯解題技法一詞匯復現(xiàn)法[題型分析]介紹段落主旨時，常會有核心詞的復現(xiàn)，但不是詞語的簡單重復，而是核心詞以同義詞、近義詞或不同詞性的詞等形式出現(xiàn)。考生在做題時，應注意選項中出現(xiàn)的與原文意思相同、相近或相反的詞匯。[技法點撥][典例1](2023·浙江卷1月)Bringablanket.Whenyou'reridingontrains,youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.38._______Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.A．Traintripsaren'tforimpatienttypes.B．You'llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C．Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D．That'sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E.Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F.Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G.Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat'srightnexttothediner.[解析]根據(jù)下文“Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.”可知，這里提到了車廂內(nèi)溫度的問題，提醒乘客最好自備毛毯，C項中的“Thetemperature”與下文中的quitecold對應，此處利用了上下義詞復現(xiàn)。[答案]C[典例2](2024·新高考全國卷Ⅱ)?Getcreative.Thebestwaytoeasepressureonover-touristeddestinationsistogosomewhereelse.Thoughovertourismisdescribedasaproblemaffectingtheentireworld,it'sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofextremelypopularspots.Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.38._______Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination'slesser-knownsights?A．Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B．So,shouldwestoptraveling?C．Travelforyouandnooneelse.D．Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E.Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F.You'llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G.Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou'revisiting.[解析]根據(jù)本段主旨句“Getcreative.”及空后的內(nèi)容可知，本段鼓勵游客去一些地區(qū)性或知名度相對較低的景點旅游。E項承上啟下，介紹游客能選擇的其他旅游地，且該項中的relativelyundiscoveredplaces與下文中的lesser-knownsights構(gòu)成同義詞復現(xiàn)。[答案]E[典例3](2022·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40._______Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A．Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B．Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C．You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D．Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingatrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.[解析]空前提到你和你的搭檔可能有不同的技能，空后提到隨著時間的推移，你和你的搭檔都會受益。由此可推斷空處應承上啟下。different與difference是同源詞復現(xiàn)的體現(xiàn)。[答案]F技法二代詞指代法[題型分析]代詞的使用主要是為了避免重復，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有時也用于指代前面提到的名詞或概念。巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系可以有效地幫助我們做出正確的選擇。代詞指代一定要注意兩種情況：1.選項中的代詞要特別關(guān)注；2.挖空后面的句子中的代詞要特別關(guān)注。[技法點撥][典例4](2024·浙江卷1月)Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.38.____________“Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofishoweasyitcanbetofallbehindschedule，”saysgraduatestudentAmandaBindman.Beforechoosingtostudyonline,considerwhetheryou'reaself-motivatedlearnerandifthematerialseemsinterestingenoughtokeepyougoing.A．Butthatdoesn'tmeantherearen'tdeadlines.B．Yourmotivationshouldbeyourmainconcern.C．Doyouknowthatonlinecoursesarealsopartofyoureducation?D．ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.E.Thechiefcomplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.F.Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?G.Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.[解析]根據(jù)上文中的“Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.”可知，在線學習的優(yōu)勢是可以讓你隨時隨地學習，空處應是與“學習時間或地點”有關(guān)的話題，且與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選項中that指代上文提到的“studyanywhereandanytime”。[答案]A[典例5](2023·全國乙卷)Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“40.____________，”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople'slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A．AllplantsaredifferentB．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD．Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil'sivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding[解析]空后It指代該空內(nèi)容，說明這樣做可以給人們的生活帶來新的興趣和焦點，并幫助人們增強家與自然的聯(lián)系。故G項符合語境。[答案]GTest1體裁主題語境難度說明文貨幣的發(fā)展過程★★☆☆☆(2024·南京師大附中一模)Chinahasbeenthebirthplaceofmanyoftheworld'sgreatestinventions.Itwas,forexample,thefirstcountrytoproducepapermoney.Beforetheinventionofpapermoneyandcoins,peopleusedmanydifferentkindsofthingsforbuyingandselling.1._________Thisexchangeofgoodsandservicesforothergoodsandservicesiscalledbartering(物物交換).2．_________In1200BCE,peopleinChinabegantouseshells(貝殼)asmoney.Usuallytheshellsusedasmoneywereverysmall.Thismadeiteasierforpeopletocarrymoneyoverlongdistances,andallowedfortradetodevelopbetweendifferentpartsofthecountry.Intheyearswhichfollowedthisinvention,manyothercountriesaroundtheworldbegantodothesame.3._________Thenextdevelopmentwasin1000BCE,whenChinastartedmakingbronzeandcoppershells.Itwasn'tlongbeforetheChinesemaderoundcoinsoutofmetal.4._________By500BCE,metalcoinshadbeguntoappearincountrieslikePersiaandGreece,andlaterintheRomanEmpire.About1，000yearslater,leatherwasusedasmoneyinChina,andin806CE,thefirstpaperbanknoteswereproducedbytheChinesepeople.5._________A．Peoplealsobegancollectingforeigncoinsassouvenirs.B．Duringthattime,forexample,buyingachickenmightcostseveralpotatoes.C．ItwasstillmanyyearsbeforepapercurrencyappearedinEurope.D．However,aseconomiesdeveloped,suchexchangesbecameimpractical.E.Theyalsousedtinyshellsasmoneyforbuyingandselling.F．Astimewentby,tradebetweencountriesincreased.G．Thefirstcoinsoftenhadholesinthemsothatpeoplecouldstringthemtogether.【語篇解讀】文章介紹了中國的貨幣的發(fā)展過程：由實物交換到貝殼貨幣再到金屬圓硬幣，最后發(fā)明了紙幣。中國成為世界上第一個使用紙幣的國家。1．B空前提到，在紙幣和硬幣發(fā)明之前，人們用許多不同的東西來進行買賣。B項就是那個時代買賣方式的一個例子，符合語境。2．D根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，在公元前1200年，中國人開始使用貝殼作為貨幣，這就使得攜帶錢到遠方變得容易。所以上一段提到的用實物交換的方式不方便、不實用。D項承上啟下，符合語境。3．E根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，在這項發(fā)明之后的幾年里，世界上許多其他國家也開始這樣做，即使用貝殼作為貨幣。E項符合語境，E項中的They指代空前的othercountries。4．G根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，貨幣有了新的發(fā)展，即出現(xiàn)了金屬貨幣。G項中的coins在空前空后都有原詞復現(xiàn)。G項符合語境。5．C根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知，在公元806年，最初的紙幣是由中國人制作的。C項中的papercurrency對應空前的paperbanknotes，屬于同義詞復現(xiàn)。C項符合語境。Test2體裁主題語境難度說明文制定自駕游計劃★★★☆☆(2024·廣州一模)Someofthebestroadtripsareunplanned.Yousimplygrabafewitems,jumpinacarandsetoff.However,thisapproachinvolvessomerisk.1._________That'swhythefirstruleofroadtripplanningistobringalongwhateveryoumightneedtohavefun.Somefood,aguitar,andacoolerfullofdrinkscangoalongway.Planningaroadtripcanbealmostasfunasthetripitself.Somewell-designedtravelguidesmaybeofgreathelp.2._________Forthelogically-minded,themanagementofspeed,fuel,accommodationandtimingdetailscanpresentarewardingjourney.3．_________Highwaysmakeitpossibletodriveacrossanentirecountrywithoutseeinganythingormeetinganyone.Themoreyouskipfreewaysinfavorofscenichighways,themorelikelyyou'retogetoutofyourtrip.Onceyou'vefiguredoutyourplanroughly,fillinthedetails,andbearinmindthatmapsandsatellitenavigationsystemsarenotalwaysuptodate.4._________Remember,themoreyoupreparenow,thebetterequippedyou'llbeifyoudecidetochangeyourtriplaterorhavetodealwithanunforeseenproblem.Bookingaccommodationandhavingbackupplanscanmakeorbreakatrip,especiallyifyouwanttovisitsomeremotebywayswithlimitedaccommodationopportunities.5._________Insomeare