云南省昆明市2024屆高三下學期第二次“三診一模”英語試題

云南省昆明市2024屆高三下學期第二次“三診一?！庇⒄Z試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五總分評分一、第一部分，閱讀，第一節(jié)，閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀理解Lightingisakeydesignfeatureinyourhomeanddeservesconsideration,whetherit'stobrightenupadullcorneroryou'replanningafullrenovation（翻新）.Here,weputthespotlightonfourkeylightingdesignlayersandhowyoucanusethemtocaptureeveryroomofyourhomeinitsbestlight.GenerallightingThinkofgenerallightingasthebackgroundlayerthatcastsanevenillumination（照明）throughoutaroom,mostcommonlyfromyourceilinglights.Astheseareoftenthemainsourceoflightforaroom,it'swisetohaveflexibleoptionsdependingonthetimeofday,ordesiredbrightnesstosuitthemoodandtheroom'spurposeatthetime.Ambient（氛圍的）lightingAmbientlightingisthelayerthataddswarmthandsoftnesstoyourspace.Thinklampbeltunderthekitchenbench,orfloorlampsinthecorner.Useambientlightingwhereyouwanttoencouragerestandcomfort，suchaslivingspacesandbedrooms.TasklightingThenextlayertoconsideristasklightingformorepracticaluses.Thesearebrighterandaredesignedtoilluminateworkplaces,andarealsousedforstudyareas,homeoffices,,bedsidetablesandreadingcorners.AccentlightingAccentlightingisplacedtocreateaspecificlighteffect，suchasdownlightsorspotlightstohighlightartwork，andwashlightsagainstwalls.Thelayeringofaccentlightingcanbeusedtohighlightarchitecturaldetailsandisanartfulwaytocreatefocusandplaywithlightinyourspace.1．Whatisthemajorfunctionofgenerallighting?A．Brighteningadarkcorner. B．Refreshingthesurroundings.C．Lightinguptheentireroom. D．Addingwarmthandsoftness.2．Whereistasklightingusuallyplaced?A．Besidethestudytable.B．Underthekitchenbench.C．Inthemiddleoftheceiling.D．Onthewallofthehallway.3．Whichlightingcanhighlightafocusartfully?A．Generallighting. B．Ambientlighting.C．Tasklighting. D．Accentlighting.閱讀理解InTakomaPark,Maryland,insuburbanWashington,people,adultsorstudents,linedupatapayphoneoutsidearestaurantseveraltimesaweek."OnceIputthephoneoutthere,itjusttookoff,"saidDavidSchulman,aTakomaParkviolinistwhocreatedtheBirdCallsPhone.Listenerspush1tohearayellow-crownednightheron（夜鷺），7tohearapileated（紅冠）woodpecker'scalland9forthedistinctscreamofared-tailedhawk.Instructionsabouthowtousethephoneareinthreelanguages:English,SpanishandAmharic-areflectionofTakomaPark'sEthiopiancommunity.Inall,10birdsnativetotheTakomaParkareaarefeatured.Inadditiontobeingfun,listeningtoBirdsongscanreducestressandanxiety,studiesshow.Evenhearingrecordingsofbirdscanrelievenegativeemotions.Afternoticinganabandoned,nonworkingpayphoneintown,Schulmanwonderedifhecouldturnitintosomethingappealing.Hesaid,"Ireallyliketheoldtechnologyofjustpickingupareceiver,pressingonebuttonandhavingsomethinghappen."Schulmanthoughtbringingbirdssoundstotheabandonedphonewasawaytoaddabitofnaturetotheneighborhood.TakomaParkcityofficialsagreed,andtheybudgeted$5,000tocompletetheproject.SchulmanreachedouttoTheMcCaulayLibraryinIthaca,NewYork,whichagreedtosendhimafewdozenrecordingsofnativebirds.HethenmanagedtogainthehelpofsoftwareengineerandartistBrandenHalltorewirethephonetoplaydifferentbirdcalls.Schulmansaidhepersuadedseveralofhisfriendstorecordshortdescriptionsofeachbirdtogowiththecalls."OnethingIlikeabouttheBirdCallsPhoneisthatit'stheoppositeofaloudbroadcast,"Schulmansaid."Onlyonepersoncanlistenatatime,andeachpersonwilltakeawaytheirownuniqueexperience."4．Whatwilllistenersheariftheypressbuttonsonthepayphone?A．Thecallsofnativebirds.B．Songsindifferentlanguages.C．Descriptionsoflocalcreatures.D．Instructionsonreducingstress.5．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDavidSchulman?A．Observantandnature-loving. B．Diligentandeasy-going.C．Seriousandpublic-spirited. D．Ambitiousandkind-hearted.6．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheproject?A．Itencouragesartappreciation.B．Itpresentstheharmonyamongbirds.C．Itturnsloudbroadcastsintoprivatephones.D．Itreceivesbroadsupportfromthecommunity.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AViolinistSpecializesinEcologyB．PickupthePhone,HearBirdsongsC．ClosetoNature,FarFromDepressionD．TurnTrashintoTreasureinWashington閱讀理解Rushingdownthepath,thetraceur（跑酷者）isonthelookoutforhisnextobstaclessuchasfireescapes,walls,orfences.Assoonasherealizesamassivebrickwallstandsbetweenhimandwherehewantstobe,heunintentionallygrabsonthewallwithhishandsandliftshimselftostandontopofit.Hisnextmoveisajumpthatlandshimbackonsolidground;however,noticingthatheisunstable,herollstoavoidinjury.Traceursareathleteswhoperformremarkablegymnasticsactionsinurbanenvironments.SerioustraceursarefascinatednotjustbythephysicalchallengesofParkour,butbyitsphilosophy.ThosewholearntoexcelatParkourclaimtodevelopnotjustphysicalfitness,butincreasedself-confidenceandcriticalthinkingskills,astheytrainthemselvestofindwaysaroundeveryobstacleintheirpaths.Becauseofthesephilosophicalfoundations,Parkourisoftendescribedbytraceursasmoreofalifestyleoranartformthanasport.PassionatetraceursaredeterminedtokeepParkourfrombecomingacompetitiveattempt.Competition,theyargue,devaluesthephilosophicaltheorybehindParkour.PeoplewhopracticeParkourshouldbemoreconcernedwiththeirrelationshiptotheenvironmentthanwithatickingclock,ascore,oracheeringcrowd.Furthermore,traceursshouldworkwitheachothertoimproveconfidence,awareness,andunity.Competition,theyargue,onlybringsaboutfeelingsofconflictanddisharmony.WhileParkourpuristssuggestthatthephilosophybehindParkourhelpstolimitinjuries,theymustrememberthatnoteveryonewhotriestoleapoveramailboxisanexperiencedtraceurtryingtogetintouchwithhisorherenvironment.Adolescentsattemptingtocarryouttheseacrobatic（雜技的）skillscouldseverelyinjurethemselves.SowhilenewcomerstoParkourmightbeeagertoinvestigatethisartofmovement,itwouldbewiseforthemtorememberthephysicalitybehindthephilosophy.Afterall,philosophyisnotmuchgoodtoabrokenleg.8．Whydoestheauthordescribeatraceuratthebeginning?A．ToillustratewhatParkourislike.B．Toteachwaysofavoidinginjuries.C．ToexplaindifferentParkourmoves.D．Tohighlightthepopularityofsports.9．HowcanParkourenhanceatraceur'sself-confidence?A．Bystrengtheningphysicalfitness.B．BywinningParkourcompetitions.C．Bybuildingfaithinconqueringbarriers.D．Bygraspingsomephilosophicaltheories.10．Whatdoweknowaboutseriousandpuretraceurs?A．Theyareawareofhowtotreatinjuries.B．Theysuggestindividualeffortsinthesport.C．Theystresstherelationshiptotheenvironment.D．Theyaremoreconcernedwithremarkableactions.11．Whatdoestheauthoradvisenewcomerstodo?A．Facephysicalchallengesboldly.B．Learnfromexperiencedtraceurs.C．Startfromleapingoveramailbox.D．Considertheriskofsevereharm.閱讀理解Whydoweuniversallyappreciatecartoons?Becausetheyarevisual-thehumorunfoldsrightbeforeoureyes.Aswriters,wehaveauniquechallengetocraftworlds,includinghumorousones,usingonlywords.Atfirstglance,writersandcartoonistshavevastlydifferenttoolboxesandskillsets.Butifyoulookclosely,youwilnoticesimilardevices,suchassimplification,exaggeration（夸張），andcontrast.Inmanyliteraryforms,decorationenrichesapiece.That'snottrueforhumorwriting-humorcangetlostwithtoomanydetails.Addingabitofshadingwillgivedepthtoanillustration,yetthere'susuallynoneedtodetaileveryfeature.There'sathinlinebetweenplainandfunny,andthedifferenceoftenliesinwhetherawriteradherestotheuniversalcomedicprinciple,"lessisfunnier."Bysimplifyingcomplexsituations,characters,plots,andreactions,yourworkbecomesmoredigestibleandhumorous.Exaggerationisoneofthemoststraightforwardandeffectivecomedictools.Asahumorwriter,don'tshyawayfromeverychancetostretchthetruth,whetherbyunderstatementoroverstatement.However,effectivehumoristruthbased.Therelationshipbetweenexaggerationandrealisminhumorislikestretchingarubberband（橡皮筋）.Alittlestretching,evenrepeatedstretching,isnoproblem.However,overstretchingthebandwillcauseittobreak,aswellasthehumorandthereader'strust.Contrastingisthejuxtaposition（并列）ofelementsnotusuallycoupled,atechniquethatcartoonistsusetocreatehumorousmismatchesbyplacingsignificantlydifferentelementssidebyside.Aswriters,wecanusejuxtapositiontobrainstormnewhumoranglesandcreatefunnymismatches.Humorisatitsfunniestwhenit'svisual,andwriterscancraftmorehumorousmaterialbyemployingthesametechniquesusedbycartoonists.Bythinkingandwritingvisually,youcanshowthefunnytoreaders.12．Whatdowritersandcartoonistshaveincommoninexpressinghumor?A．Theycraftworldsliterally.B．Theyfocuscloselyondetails.C．Theyemploytechniquesalike.D．Theygetthroughtoreaderseasily.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"adheresto"inparagraph3probablymean?A．Break. B．Follow. C．Revise. D．Challenge.14．Whatisawaytoachievehumouraccordingtotheauthor?A．Overstatingsimplesituations.B．Shyingawayfromthetruth.C．Reducingthenumberofcharacters.D．Combininguncoupledelements.15．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Areviewofmoderncartoons.B．Anessayontheartofwriting.C．Anintroductiontopaintingskills.D．Aguidebookforpassionatereaders.二、第一部分，閱讀，第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。It'scommontocommunicatebywayoftext,andthatworkswellforeverythingfromsettingplanswithafriendtoaskingyoutopickupagroceryitem.16．.Fightingovertext,cancauseproblemsandcanevenbreakupfriendshipsorpartnerships.Ahead,we'llexaminewhy.?There'snovocaltoneinvolvedWhenwespeak,thepersonwe'retalkingtocantellhowseriousorlightwearebyourtone.17．.Everythingisflatinwriting,sowithoutvocaltonetoclarify,it'seasytoassumetheworstinsomeoneandtheirintentions.?18．Wealsocommunicateinpersonthroughnonverbalways.Howweactphysicallyletsothersknowhowwefeel.Andwithoutthatintext,anargumentcanbeworsenedtoaterriblepointwithoutonepersonevenbecomingawareofhowupsettheotheris.?Differentcommunicationpacesaffectalot19．.Andwhenarguing,itcangetevenfaster.Ithappensnottoreadallofaperson'sreplybeforeyourespondagain,andthemoreupsetyouget,theharderitmaybetoexpressyourselfclearlyortounderstandthepersonyou'refightingwith.?EmojisandgifscanbehurtfulInthesamewaythatvisualcommunicationtoolslikeemojisandgifscanaddfuntoconversations,theycanalsomakethingsmuchworseinatextdisagreement.Itcanbechallengingtoknowwhenyou'vetakenemojisorgifstoahurtfulplace,especiallyiftheotherpersonholdsinthatinformationanddoesn'ttellyouatthemoment.20．A.BodylanguageisabsentB.Text,ontheotherhand,hasnotoneC.Long-termhealthyrelationshipscollapseD.Textingisgenerallyaquickback-and-forthexchangeE.ThishappensifheisfeelingunsafeinthediscussionF.However,wemayhavetakencommunicationbytexttoofarG.Ourtonetellsusaconversationisheadinginthewrongdirection三、第二部分，語言運用，第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。"Who'sthat,Grandma?"Four-year-oldTaylorpointedtoadelicategoldphotoframeIhadplacedonmydesk."That'sgreat-grandmaGladys,"Ireplied.I21．thepicture,myfingerscarefullytracingtheoutlineofthefamiliarfacereturningmygaze（凝視）：herclearblueeyes,thewrinklelinesthat22．herforeheadandthetendersmilethatalwayscomfortedme.Mymindwasfilledwithremembrancesofmymother.Alwaysthe23．,itseemedshenevermadeanyoneangry.Eventhoughshewas24．ablephysically,shebaby-satmyyoungdaughtersoIcouldwork.Shealwaysmade25．forhergrandchildren.Evenwhenshewasn'twiththem,shewasmakingsomethingforthemwithherhands.Thenherillness26．.Thedoctorwantedtoexperimentwitha（an）27．thatmightgiveheranotheryearoflife.Sheagreedsoshecouldbearoundto28．herlong-awaitedfirstgreat-grandchild.Thesurgery29．.Severalweekslater,Mompassedaway,exactlyamonthbeforeTaylor'sbirth.Stillingreat30．,Itraveledfivehundredmilestobewithmyfamilyandwelcomemynewgrandson.Afewdayslater,asI31．Taylorgentlytohelphimsleep,suddenlyIunderstoodwhyshewasso32．takingcareofforourfamily.Herloveforuswassodeepandso33．-aloveIwasonlybeginningtolearntogive."Shelookslikeyou,Grandma!"Taylor'svoicebroughtmebacktothe34．.Hetouchedthegold-framedphototenderly.Myeyesturnedtohis,anda35．smilecametomylipsandheart,forthenIknewmymother'sloveandpeace.It'salegacy（遺產）oflove.21．A．reachedfor B．askedforC．threwaway D．putaway22．A．toughened B．smoothed C．crossed D．shaded23．A．peacemaker B．daydreamerC．fortuneteller D．goalkeeper24．A．slightly B．merely C．thoroughly D．barely25．A．money B．time C．trouble D．room26．A．remained B．disappeared C．relieved D．worsened27．A．examination B．regulation C．operation D．reflection28．A．investigate B．greet C．search D．recognize29．A．paused B．continued C．failed D．worked30．A．sorrow B．danger C．thrill D．debt31．A．grabbed B．rocked C．fixed D．teased32．A．astonishedat B．worriedaboutC．impressedwith D．committedto33．A．unreal B．unbearableC．unreasonable D．unconditional34．A．story B．present C．memory D．destination35．A．soft B．proud C．bitter D．tight四、第二部分，語言運用，第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Astuffedtoynamed"HappyLoong"fromGansuProvincialMuseumhasrecentlydistinguished36．（it）fromconventionalsouvenirsandcapturedtheheartsoftourists.Modeled37．aMingDynastygolddecorationintheshapeofaloong,orChinesedragon,over1,000ofthesechubby（圓胖的）38．smilingloongtoysweresoldinthefirstweekafterithitthemarketearlierthisyear.Besides"HappyLoong",themuseumsellsstuffedtoys39．（inspire）bytheDunhuangFlyingApsarasandthebronzegalloping（飛馳的）horsefromtheEasternHanDynasty,40．combinerichhistorywiththeappetiteofGeneration-Z.Thisinnovativeapproachtomuseumsouvenirsreflects41．broadertrendofmakingculturalproductsappealingtoyoungChinesemuseum-goers.ThePalaceMuseum'sonlinestore,forinstance,42．（offer）playfulandhumoroussouvenirsfeaturingemperorsinChinesehistory,receivingpositivereviewsfromyoungvisitors.Thesuccessoftheseinnovativesouvenirsliesintheability43．（meet）thedemandsofyoungpeopleseekingrelaxationandindividuality.However,designingtruly44．（create）culturalproductrequiresagoodknowledgeofculturalrelics.Lookingahead,themuseumsouvenirmarketinChinaisexpectedtocontinuegrowing,presentingabundant45．（opportunity）fordesigners.五、第三部分，寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）46．假定你是李華，你在學校舉辦的"AdversityandCourage"英語演講比賽中獲獎，請給指導外教MissMorton寫一封郵件表示感謝。內容包括：

1.感謝指導；

2.個人感悟。注意：

1.寫作詞數應為80左右；

2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。DearMissMorton,……Yours,LiHua47．閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。DrewandTiasatatapicnictableintheparkonabeautifulfallafternoon.Theairaroundthemwasfilledwiththesoundsofchildrenplaying,dogsbarking,andpeoplelaughingorcallingtooneanother.ButDrewandTiaignoredthesoundsaroundthemandfocusedonthetasktheyhadsetouttocomplete.TheyplannedtostartaschoolgardenatJeffersonMiddleSchool.Initially,ithadbeenDrew'sidea.HehadfirstseenaschoolgardenwhenhewenttovisithiscousinP.J.inWashington.HewasamazedatthevarietyoffruitsandvegetablesthestudentsatP.J.'sschoolgrew."It'salotofwork,"P.J.hadwarned."Butit'salsomyfavoritepartoftheweek.Iloveputtingonmyboots,gettingoutside,andseeingallthenewthingsthathavehappened."WhenDrewreturnedfromhistriptoWashington,hetoldTiaallaboutwhathehadseen.Now,atthetable,theyweredeterminedtocomeupwithaplantobringaschoolgardentoJefferson.DrewopenedhisnotebookandpreparedtorecordanyideastheyhadforconvincingMs.Milano,theschoolprincipal,thatthegardenwasagoodidea."We'regoingtoneedanadulttoguidethewholeoperation,"saidDrewthoughtfully."IknowthatMr.Issacgardensathome.Justlastweekhebroughtinawholebasketoftomatoesandzucchinifromhisgarden.Hemightbewillingtohelp."DrewwrotedownMr.Issac'snameinhisnotebook."Wemightneeddonationstogetthisprojectupandrunning,"addedTia."WecouldtellMs.Milanothatwewouldbewillingtoorganizeayardsaletoraisefunds.""That'sagreatidea,"saidDrew."Ithinkweneedtobeabletopresentherwitharealisticplan.Thatway,Ms.Milanowouldn'tfeelasthoughsheagreedtosomethingunknown."注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Closingthenotebook,theytookaction."Actually,Iwasdoubtfulwhenyoufirstcametome."saidMs.Milano.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．A3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了家居照明的四個關鍵設計層次：一般照明、氛圍照明、任務照明和強調照明。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題一種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據題干中的關鍵詞，找準相關句、段的內容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據Generallighting部分中"Thinkofgenerallightingasthebackgroundlayerthatcastsanevenillumination(照明)throughoutaroom,mostcommonlyfromyourceilinglights.(把普通照明想象成背景層，在整個房間里投射均勻的照明，最常見的是你的天花板燈)"可知，一般照明的主要作用是照亮了整個房間。故選C。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據Tasklighting部分中"Thenextlayertoconsideristasklightingformorepracticaluses.Thesearebrighterandaredesignedtoilluminateworkplaces,andarealsousedforstudyareas,homeoffices,bedsidetablesandreadingcorners.(下一層要考慮的是用于更實際用途的任務照明。這些燈更亮，設計用于照亮工作場所，也用于學習區(qū)、家庭辦公室、床頭柜和閱讀角)"可知，任務照明用于照亮工作場所，也用于學習區(qū)、家庭辦公室、床頭柜和閱讀角，所以通常會放在書桌旁。故選A。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據Accentlighting部分中"Accentlightingisplacedtocreateaspecificlighteffect,suchasdownlightsorspotlightstohighlightartwork,andwashlightsagainstwalls.Thelayeringofaccentlightingcanbeusedtohighlightarchitecturaldetailsandisanartfulwaytocreatefocusandplaywithlightinyourspace.(重點照明的放置是為了創(chuàng)造特定的光效果，比如筒燈或射燈來突出藝術品，以及墻壁上的洗燈。強調照明的分層可以用來突出建筑細節(jié)，是一種巧妙的方式來創(chuàng)造焦點，并在你的空間里玩光)"可知，強調照明可以巧妙地突出焦點。故選D?！敬鸢浮?．A5．A6．D7．B【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。在馬里蘭州的塔科馬帕克市，人們每周幾次會在一家餐廳外的付費電話前排隊。音樂家DavidSchulman創(chuàng)作了"鳥鳴電話"，讓人們可以通過電話聽到夜鷺、紅冠啄木鳥和紅尾鷹等10種當地鳥類的叫聲。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和主旨大意題三種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據題干中的關鍵詞，找準相關句、段的內容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關事實和線索為依據，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意題時，要求考生抓住每段或每個層次的主要含義進行加工、提煉，通過對語篇結構的分析即對文章內部各層次間的邏輯關系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中"Listenerspush1tohearayellow-crownednightheron(夜鷺),7tohearapileated(紅冠)woodpecker'scalland9forthedistinctscreamofared-tailedhawk.(聽眾按1鍵聽黃冠夜鷺的叫聲，按7鍵聽紅冠啄木鳥的叫聲，按9鍵聽紅尾鷹的獨特叫聲)"和"Inall,10birdsnativetotheTakomaParkareaarefeatured.(總共有10種生活在塔科馬帕克地區(qū)的鳥類)"可知，如果聽眾按下公用電話的按鈕，他們會聽到本地鳥類的叫聲。故選A。5．推理判斷題。根據第四段中"Afternoticinganabandoned,nonworkingpayphoneintown,Schulmanwonderedifhecouldturnitintosomethingappealing.(在注意到鎮(zhèn)上一個廢棄的、不能使用的付費電話后，舒爾曼想知道他是否可以把它變成一個吸引人的東西)"和"Schulmanthoughtbringingbirdssoundstotheabandonedphonewasawaytoaddabitofnaturetotheneighborhood.(舒爾曼認為，把鳥的聲音帶到廢棄的電話里是一種為社區(qū)增添自然氣息的方式)"可知，DavidSchulman注意到廢棄的公用電話，并把它變成"鳥鳴電話"，讓人們可以聽到當地鳥類的叫聲，為社區(qū)增添了自然氣息。這表明他是一個善于觀察，關心自然的人。故選A。6．推理判斷題。根據第五段中"TakomaParkcityofficialsagreed,andtheybudgeted$5,000tocompletetheproject.SchulmanreachedouttoTheMcCaulayLibraryinIthaca,NewYork,whichagreedtosendhimafewdozenrecordingsofnativebirds.HethenmanagedtogainthehelpofsoftwareengineerandartistBrandenHalltorewirethephonetoplaydifferentbirdcalls.Schulmansaidhepersuadedseveralofhisfriendstorecordshortdescriptionsofeachbirdtogowiththecalls.(塔科馬帕克的官員同意了，他們預算了5000美元來完成這個項目。舒爾曼聯(lián)系了紐約伊薩卡的麥考利圖書館，后者同意給他寄來幾十份本地鳥類的錄音。然后，他設法獲得了軟件工程師兼藝術家布蘭登·霍爾的幫助，重新連接了電話，以播放不同的鳥叫聲。舒爾曼說，他說服他的幾個朋友記錄下每只鳥的簡短描述，以配合叫聲)"可知，DavidSchulman的項目得到當地政府、紐約圖書館和朋友的支持，說明該項目得到社會各界的廣泛支持。故選D。7．主旨大意題。通讀全文，結合第二段中"Listenerspush1tohearayellow-crownednightheron(夜鷺),7tohearapileated(紅冠)woodpecker'scalland9forthedistinctscreamofared-tailedhawk.Instructionsabouthowtousethephoneareinthreelanguages:English,SpanishandAmharic—areflectionofTakomaPark'sEthiopiancommunity.Inall,10birdsnativetotheTakomaParkareaarefeatured.(聽眾按1來聽黃冠夜鷺，按7來聽紅冠啄木鳥的叫聲，按9來聽紅尾鷹的獨特叫聲。手機的使用說明有三種語言：英語、西班牙語和阿姆哈拉語——反映了塔科馬帕克的埃塞俄比亞社區(qū)。總共有10種生活在塔科馬帕克地區(qū)的鳥類)"可知，文章報道了音樂家DavidSchulman創(chuàng)作了"鳥鳴電話"，讓人們可以通過電話聽到夜鷺、紅冠啄木鳥和紅尾鷹等10種當地鳥類的叫聲，為社區(qū)增添了自然氣息。由此推知，"PickupthePhone,HearBirdsongs(拿起電話，聽鳥兒的歌聲)"是文章最佳標題。故選B?！敬鸢浮?．A9．C10．C11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹跑酷不僅鍛煉身體，還培養(yǎng)自信和批判性思維。文章強調，跑酷是一種生活方式和藝術形式，而非競技運動。跑酷者主張，關注環(huán)境關系勝過競爭。然而，新手在嘗試跑酷時應注意鍛煉身體，避免受傷。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題兩種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據題干中的關鍵詞，找準相關句、段的內容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關事實和線索為依據，使做出的推理合乎文意。8．推理判斷題。在第一段"Rushingdownthepath,thetraceur(跑酷者)isonthelookoutforhisnextobstaclessuchasfireescapes,walls,orfences.Assoonasherealizesamassivebrickwallstandsbetweenhimandwherehewantstobe,heunintentionallygrabsonthewallwithhishandsandliftshimselftostandontopofit.Hisnextmoveisajumpthatlandshimbackonsolidground;however,noticingthatheisunstable,herollstoavoidinjury.(跑在小路上時，跑酷者要注意下一個障礙物，如防火梯、墻壁或柵欄。當他意識到一堵巨大的磚墻擋在他和他想去的地方之間時，他無意中用手抓住墻，把自己抬起來站在上面。他的下一個動作是跳躍，使他回到堅實的地面上；然而，他注意到自己身體不穩(wěn)定，為了避免受傷，他打了個滾)"中，作者詳細描述了一個跑酷者的跑酷過程，是為了說明了跑酷是什么樣子的。故選A。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中"ThosewholearntoexcelatParkourclaimtodevelopnotjustphysicalfitness,butincreasedself-confidenceandcriticalthinkingskills,astheytrainthemselvestofindwaysaroundeveryobstacleintheirpaths.(那些學習跑酷的人聲稱，他們不僅鍛煉了身體健康，還增強了自信和批判性思維能力，因為他們訓練自己找到克服道路上每一個障礙的方法)"可知，在跑酷過程中不斷克服障礙幫助跑酷者建立了自信。故選C。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中"SerioustraceursarefascinatednotjustbythephysicalchallengesofParkour,butbyitsphilosophy.ThosewholearntoexcelatParkourclaimtodevelopnotjustphysicalfitness,butincreasedself-confidenceandcriticalthinkingskills,astheytrainthemselvestofindwaysaroundeveryobstacleintheirpaths.(嚴肅的跑酷愛好者不僅對跑酷的體能挑戰(zhàn)著迷，而且對其理念著迷。那些學習跑酷的人聲稱，他們不僅鍛煉了身體健康，還增強了自信和批判性思維能力，因為他們訓練自己找到克服道路上每一個障礙的方法)"和第三段中"Becauseofthesephilosophicalfoundations,Parkourisoftendescribedbytraceursasmoreofalifestyleoranartformthanasport.PassionatetraceursaredeterminedtokeepParkourfrombecomingacompetitiveattempt.Competition,theyargue,devaluesthephilosophicaltheorybehindParkour.PeoplewhopracticeParkourshouldbemoreconcernedwiththeirrelationshiptotheenvironmentthanwithatickingclock,ascore,oracheeringcrowd.(由于這些哲學基礎，跑酷經常被跑酷者描述為一種生活方式或一種藝術形式，而不是一項運動。充滿激情的跑酷愛好者決心不讓跑酷成為一種競爭性的嘗試。他們認為，競爭貶低了跑酷背后的哲學理論。練習跑酷的人應該更關注他們與環(huán)境的關系，而不是滴答作響的時鐘、分數或歡呼的人群)"可知，嚴肅的跑酷愛好者和純粹的跑酷愛好者認為跑酷是一種生活方式或一種藝術形式，而不是一項運動。他們更關注自己與環(huán)境的關系。故選C。11．細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中"Adolescentsattemptingtocarryouttheseacrobatic(雜技的)skillscouldseverelyinjurethemselves.SowhilenewcomerstoParkourmightbeeagertoinvestigatethisartofmovement,itwouldbewiseforthemtorememberthephysicalitybehindthephilosophy.Afterall,philosophyisnotmuchgoodtoabrokenleg.(青少年在練習這些雜技技巧時可能會嚴重傷害自己。因此，雖然跑酷新手可能渴望研究這種運動藝術，但他們最好記住這種哲學背后的物理原理。畢竟，哲學對斷了腿的人沒什么好處)"可知，作者建議跑酷新手要考慮嚴重傷害的風險。故選D。【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了寫作中運用卡通創(chuàng)作相似技巧制造幽默的效果。指出簡化、夸張和對比是關鍵。通過簡化復雜情節(jié)，以少許細節(jié)展現幽默；適度夸張，但要基于真實；利用對比創(chuàng)造滑稽錯位。寫作時需運用視覺思維，展現幽默特質。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和詞義猜測題三種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據題干中的關鍵詞，找準相關句、段的內容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關事實和線索為依據，使做出的推理合乎文意。詞義猜測題的解題方法包括利用指代關系、定義、定語、文章中的舉例、比較的詞語、構詞法知識、上下文語境、因果關系來推測詞義。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中"Atfirstglance,writersandcartoonistshavevastlydifferenttoolboxesandskillsets.Butifyoulookclosely,youwillnoticesimilardevices,suchassimplification,exaggeration(夸張),andcontrast.(乍一看，作家和漫畫家擁有截然不同的工具箱和技能。但如果你仔細觀察，你會發(fā)現類似的手法，比如簡化、夸張和對比)"可知，作家和漫畫家在表達幽默方面的共同之處在于他們使用簡化、夸張和對比等相似的技巧。故選C。13．詞義猜測題。根據劃線詞后"Bysimplifyingcomplexsituations,characters,plots,andreactions,yourworkbecomesmoredigestibleandhumorous.(通過簡化復雜的情況、人物、情節(jié)和反應，你的作品變得更容易理解和幽默)"可知，簡化可以創(chuàng)造幽默。所以"There'sathinlinebetweenplainandfunny,andthedifferenceoftenliesinwhetherawriteradherestotheuniversalcomedicprinciple,"lessisfunnier."(平淡和有趣之間只有一線之隔，而區(qū)別往往在于作家是否adheresto喜劇的普遍原則："越少越有趣")"中講的是，作家要讓作品有趣，就需要遵循"越少越有趣"的普遍原則，劃線短語adheresto與follow同義，意為"遵守；按照"。故選B。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段中"Contrastingisthejuxtaposition(并列)ofelementsnotusuallycoupled,atechniquethatcartoonistsusetocreatehumorousmismatchesbyplacingsignificantlydifferentelementssidebyside.(對比是將通常不相結合的元素并置，漫畫家通過將顯著不同的元素并排放置來創(chuàng)造幽默的不匹配)"可知，組合不相結合的元素可以創(chuàng)造出幽默。故選D。15．推理判斷題。根據第一段"Aswriters,wehaveauniquechallengetocraftworlds,includinghumorousones,usingonlywords.(作為作家，我們有一個獨特的挑戰(zhàn)來創(chuàng)造世界，包括幽默的世界，只用文字)"、最后一段"Humorisatitsfunniestwhenit'svisual,andwriterscancraftmorehumorousmaterialbyemployingthesametechniquesusedbycartoonists.Bythinkingandwritingvisually,youcanshowthefunnytoreaders.(幽默在視覺上是最有趣的，作家可以通過使用漫畫家使用的相同技巧來創(chuàng)作更幽默的材料。通過視覺化的思考和寫作，你可以向讀者展示有趣的東西)"和文中對三種幽默創(chuàng)作方法的介紹可知，文章探討了寫作中運用卡通創(chuàng)作相似技巧制造幽默的效果。由此推知，本文很可能出自關于寫作藝術的文章。故選B?！敬鸢浮?6．F；17．B；18．A；19．D；20．E【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。人們使用文本信息作為交流方式，可能會引發(fā)問題，甚至會破壞友誼或伙伴關系。短文分析了其中的原因。

【點評】考查任務型閱讀（七選五）。解題時，要求考生注意通讀整篇文章，把握整段脈絡，理出文章的中心，分析段落之間和段落內部的層次。選項與前后句之間的邏輯關系是確定答案的主要依據?？梢詮囊馑肌㈥P鍵詞、關聯(lián)詞來分析段落之間以及段落內部的邏輯關系。16．根據上文"It'scommontocommunicatebywayoftext,andthatworkswellforeverythingfromsettingplanswithafriendtoaskingyoutopickupagroceryitem."（通過短信交流是很常見的，這對任何事情都很有效，從和朋友制定計劃到讓