浙江省寧波市寧波“十校”2024 屆高三3月聯(lián)考二模英語試題

浙江省寧波市寧波“十?！?024屆高三3月聯(lián)考二模英語試題姓名：__________班級(jí)：__________考號(hào)：__________題號(hào)一二三四五六總分評(píng)分一、閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。閱讀理解Theworldawaits.Wherewillyougonext?Thefollowingareamongthemostexcitingdestinationstovisit.Grabyourbagsandgo!Puebla,MexicoFoundedin1931,theMexico'sfourth-largestcityisastrongholdofBaroquearchitecture.InPuebla'scitycenter,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,therearealargenumberofgorgeous17th-and18th-centuryBaroquebuildings.Manyaredecoratedwithcoloredtitles,theuseofwhichillustratesthecombinationofPuebla'slocalandEuropeancolonialstyles.In2017,anearthquakeshookthearea,leadingtorestorationsoffacilitiesthroughoutthecityafterward.Despitethat,Pueblaremainsrootedintradition.Tel?,CzechRepublicThestorybooktownwasprobablyfoundedinthemid-14thcentury.Stonewallsandasystemofman-madepondshelpprotectTel?historictowncenter,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Thetriangularmarketsquareisborderedbyarainbowoflight-coloredhouses,whichwereoriginallybuiltofwoodandrebuiltinstoneafterafireinthelate14thcentury.G?bekliTepe,TurkeyEstimatedtodatebacktothe10th-9thmillenniaB.C.E,themonumentallimestonepillarsatG?bekliTepehadbeenhidinginplainsightforseveralthousandyears.Thedetailedexplorationofthesegiantstonesonlybeganinthe1990s.Whathavebeenrevealed—primarilymassivestonesdecoratedwithbas-reliefs(淺浮雕)ofanimal—comprisetheworld'soldestknowntemplecomplex.Theextraordinarydiscoveriesmadeherehaverewrittenthestoryofhowthefirstcivilizationsbegan.GuatemalaArchaeologistshavefoundlong-hiddenruinsofanextensivepre-Columbiancivilizationhere,confirmingthatGuatemalaistheplacetodiveintoMayanculture,thenandnow.AncientrootsrunparticularlydeepinthenorthernmostPetenregion.Inmodern,multiculturalGuatemala,peoplewithMayanoriginmakeupabouthalfthepopulation,makingthecountrytheonlyoneinCentralAmericawithanativeculturalmajority.1．Wherecantouristsenjoyarchitectureexhibitingacombinationofnativeandforeignstyles?A．Guatemala. B．G?bekliTepe,Turkey.C．Puebla,Mexico. D．Tel?,CzechRepublic.2．WhathasmadeGuatemalaspecial?A．Thelong-hiddenruins.B．ThedeeplyrootedMayanculture.C．Themodernandmulticulturalsociety.D．TheonlyCentralAmericancountrywithMayanpopulation.3．Accordingtothetext,whatdotheabovedestinationshaveincommon?A．Theyhavehistoricsites.B．TheyareinCentralAmerica.C．Theywereoncedestroyedbyfire.D．Theywerediscoveredinrecentdecades.閱讀理解OneoftheearliestformsofwritingwhichisstillbeingusedtodayisChinesecharacters,orhanzi.TheimagethatmanypeoplehaveofChinesecharactersisthattheyareallpictograms,butthisisfarfromthecasebecausepictogramshaveverylimiteduse.Simplepictogramsmightbepractical,forexample,ifoneismakingashoppinglistofitemstobuyatthestore,buttheyarefairlyuselessifoneiswritingsomethingmorecomplexorabstract.SoitisamistaketoassumethatwrittenChineseisa"picturelanguage"．Besidespictograms,therearesimpleideograms.Thesearecharacterswhichprovideanabstractpictureofanidea,butinanofteneasilyrecognizableform.Forexample,"up"is"上"while"down"is"下".Whilethemeaningsofmanyideogramsarenotthiseasytoworkout,theytendtobesimple,easy-to-remembercharacterswhicharecommonlyused.Nextwehaveacommoncategoryofhanzi:compoundcharacters.Thesearewhereelementsoftwoormorecharactersarecombinedinonecharacterforanewmeaning.Someoftheseareeasytounderstand.Inmanycases,however,themeaningsofcompoundcharactersaremoredifficulttoworkout.Phoneticloancharactersarethecharacterswhichstartedoutaspictograms.However,theywereoftenusedtomeanotherwordsthathadthesamepronunciation.Agoodexampleofthisis"目".WhileitcanbeusedinmodernChinesewiththemeaning"eye",itismostoftenusedtomean"anitemonalist".ThereasonwasthatChinesehadawordfor"anitemonalist"butlackedacharacterforit,sothewordtookthecharacter"目",acharacterwiththesamepronunciation.AfinalcategoryofChinesecharactersisbyfarthemostcommon.Thesearephonetic-semanticcharacters.Withphonetic-semanticcharacters,oneelementofeachcharactergivesacluetothepronunciation,whiletheothergivesacluetothemeaning.Overthecenturies,Chinesecharactershavecontinuallybeendeveloped,withatrendtowardsthesimpleandmoreabstract.ItwasthoughtthatthecomplexityofsomeChinesecharacterswaskeepingpeoplefrombeingabletolearnthem.Thus,duringthe1950sand1960s,theChinesegovernmentrolledoutsimplifiedChinesecharacters.4．Whyarepictogramssometimesnotpracticalforuseinawritingsystem?A．Theyareonlyavailableforshopping.B．Theyaretoocomplexforpeopletolearn.C．Theycannotconveyabstractideasverywell.D．Theyarequitecomplicatedanddifficulttowrite.5．Whatdoweknowaboutcompoundcharactersaccordingtothepassage?A．Theyaredrawingsofobjectsusedinawritingsystem.B．Theyarecharacterswhichuseelementsoftwoormorecharacters.C．Theyarecharactersusedinawritingsystemtoconveyabstractconcepts.D．Theyarecharacterswhichgivecluestoboththemeaningandpronunciation.6．Whichofthefollowingcategoriesdoesthecharacter"模"belongto?A．Pictograms. B．Phoneticloancharacters.C．Ideograms. D．Phonetic-semanticcharacters.7．WhatwouldbethebenefitofsimplifyingChinesecharactersaccordingtothepassage?A．CreatingastandardcharactersetforChina.B．VisualizingtheimageofChinesecharacters.C．PopularizingtheuseofChinesecharacters.D．Reproducingahigh-gradecharacterforcalligraphy.閱讀理解StudentsattheCalhounSchoolinNewYorkCityhavemuchmorethanaroofovertheirheads.Theyhavearooftopgarden,withlushgrass,colorfulflowersandfragrantherbs."Greenroofs"aresproutingupallover,fromschoolstocityskyscrapers.Androofsaren'ttheonlythingsgoinggreen.Architectsarefindingallsortsofnewwaystobuildbuildingsthatareeasierontheenvironment.Theseschools,homes,andofficesarecalled"greenbuildings".Normallyittakesalotofenergytorunappliances.Toooften,thatenergycomesfromburningfossilfuels.Sogreenbuildingsaredesignedtodoallthesethingswithmuchlessenergy.Anenergy-smartbuildingstartswiththickwalls.Alayerofinsulation(隔熱材料)trapsairtostopheatfrompassingthrough.Thatkeepsheatinsideinthewinter,andkeepsheatoutsideinthesummer.Thissavesenergyforheatingandcooling.Heatpumpsareanotherpower-savingwaytostaycomfortable.Agroundheatpumpmovesheatthroughpipesthatrunthroughthegroundnexttothebuilding.Afewfeetundertheground,thetemperaturestaysaround10℃allyearround.Waterflowingaroundthepipeshelpsheatthebuildinginwinterandcoolitinsummer.Anotherwaytobuildgreenistouserecycledmaterials.Thatsavesthecostandpollutionofmanufacturingsomethingnew.IntheChicagoCenterforGreenTechnology,theceilingtiles(瓷磚)aremadeofpressednewspaper.Thebathroomfloorsaretiledwithrecycledglass,andthestallwallsarerecycledplastic.Buildershavefoundmanycreativewaystore-useoldmaterials.Asmorepeoplebecomeconcernedaboutclimatechange,morebuildingsaregoinggreen.Greenbuildingsproducelessofthegasesthatwarmtheplanet.Cityplannerslikegreenbuildingsbecausetheysavemoney.Andtheyarehealthierforthepeoplewhoworkandliveinside.Butyoudon'tneedtobuildawholenewbuilding.Simplechangeslikeshadingwindowsandplantingtreescanmakeanyhomegreener—andabetterEarthhomeforusall.8．Howaregreenbuildingsdesignedtokeepwarminthewinter?A．By-burningfossilfuels.B．Byusingthickwallswithinsulators.C．Byrunningheatingdevices.D．Byequippingbuildingswithappliances.9．Accordingtothepassage,theadvantagesofgreenbuildingsincludethefollowingEXCEPT____.A．savingwaterB．usingrecycledmaterialsC．usinglessenergyD．reducinggreenhousegasemissions10．Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A．Education. B．Culture. C．Economy. D．Technology.11．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Recycling:tomakeabetterearthforusallB．HeatPumps:anewapproachtosavingenergyC．GreenRoofs:morethanaroofoverourheadsD．BuildingGreen:tohugtheearthmorekindly閱讀理解TherateofchildhoodobesityintheU.S.hastripledoverthepast50years.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics(AAP)madewavesthisyearbyrecommendingthatdoctorsputobesekidsasyoungastwoyearsoldonintensive,family-orientedlifestyleandbehaviorplans.Italsosuggestedprescribingweight-lossdrugstochildrenl2andolderandsurgerytoteens13andolder.Thisadvicereflectstheorganization'sadoptionofamoreactivepositiononchildhoodobesity.YetthelifestyleprogramstheAAPrecommendsareexpensive,inaccessibletomostchildrenandhardtomaintain.Fewweight-lossdrugshavebeenapprovedforchildren.Andsurgeryhaspotentialrisksandfewlong-termsafetydata.Furthermore,it'snotclearwhetherinterventionsinyoungstershelptoimprovehealthormerelyaddtothepsychologicalburdenoverweightkidsfacefromthesociety.Ratherthanpayingcloseattentiontonumbersonascale,theU.S.andcountrieswithsimilartrendsshouldfocusonanunderlyingtruth:weneedtoinvestinmoreandsaferplacesforchildrentoplaywheretheycanmoveandrunaround,climbandjump,rideandskate.Whyisitsohardtogetkidsmoving?Expertsblametheproblemontheprivatizationofsports—aspublicinvestmentinschool-basedathleticsdwindles,expensiveprivateleagueshavegrown,leavingmanykidsout.Inadditiontofeweropportunitiesatschool,researchersciteincreasedscreentimeandalackofsafeplacesforthemtoplayoutsidethehome.NewYorkCity,forexample,had2,067publicplaygroundsasof2019—averysmallamountforitslargepopulation.InLosAngelesin2015,only33percentofyouthslivedwithinwalkingdistanceofapark.Kidseverywhereneedmoreplacestoplay.Publicfundingtobuildandkeepuptheseareasiscrucial,butotheroptionssuchasshared-useagreementscanmakeunusedspacesavailabletothepublic.Theseopportunitiesaren'tprimarilyaboutchangingchildren'swaistlines—they'rehowwekeepchildhoodhealthyandfun.12．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Childhoodobesityiswellundercontrolinrecentyears.B．Weight-losssurgeryarerecommendedtochildren12andolder.C．AAPplaysamoreactiveroleinfightingagainstchildhoodobesity.D．Expensiveasitis,lifestyleprogramsarepracticalformostchildren.13．Theunderlinedword"dwindle"isclosestinmeaningto____.A．decline B．quit C．increase D．develop14．Intheauthor'sopinion,whatmeasuresshouldbetakentocreatemoresafeareas?A．Preparefitnessequipmentathome.B．Livewithinwalkingdistanceofapark.C．Promoteinvestmentinprivateathletics.D．Openupplaygroundswhenschool'sout.15．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Sportsplayanimportantroleinchildren'sgrowth.B．Moresafeareasforoutdoorfunareinurgentneed.C．Family-orientedlifestylesarecrucialtochildren'shealth.D．Medicalinterventionisimportanttoeasepsychologicalburden.二、第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyouhavesweatypalmswhenyouaresittingintheexamhall?Doworryingthoughtskeepyouawakeatnight?Youmayhaveexperiencedoneoftheseoncertainoccasions.16．Herearethreesimple"first-aid"techniquesthatcouldmakeadifference.SitatyourbedDoyoujumpoutofbedthemomentthealarmringseverymorning?Perhapsthenexttimeyougetupinthemorning,youcantrythis.Slowlygetupandsitatyourbedforafewminutes.17．Theimportantthingisnottoletanyhurriedthoughtsclutteryourmind.Inthesefewquietminutestoyourself,youwillbeabletofeelrefreshed.18．Onmanyoccasions,wehaveourhandphonesrightnexttotheservedfood,andoureyesarebusywiththeworldwithinthesetinydevices.Suchactionsseemtobetheperfectrecipeforanoverworkedbrain.Instead,takemealtimeasatimetoenjoyyourfood.Slowdownandletyoureyesfeastonthedifferentcolors,andallowyourtonguetotastethevarietyofflavors.19．Italsohelpsyoutofeelmorerelaxed.GetmovingPlayingsportssuchasbasketball,soccerorsimplygoingforarunhelpsreducethebody'sstresshormonesandinsteadstimulatestheproductionofendorphinsthatliftyourmood.20．Allyouhavetodoistoensureyouincorporatearegularroutineofexerciseoflowtomoderateintensity.Thiswillalsohelpyoufeelmoreenergizedandhealthy,besidesriddingyouofstressandanxiety.Thesearethewaysyoucanachieveharmonywithyourbodyandmind,andfeellessanxiousandstressed.Givethematry.Yourmindwillthankyouforit.A.EatmindfullyB.ExerciseregularlyC.Letthebodyandmindfeelthepeace.D.Thereisnoneedforyoutobecomeagymrat.E.Ithelpsyoutobeconsciousofthefoodyouputinyourmouth.F.This,inturn,hastheeffectofbringingyourbodyintoastateofdeeprelaxation.G.Itisasignthatanxietyiscreepinguponyou,andyourbrainisnudgingyouforhelp.三、語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Therangoli(印度傳統(tǒng)地畫藝術(shù))wasagiantgood-luckcharm.Grandmausedtomakeoneforthestartofthenewyear.First,shewoulddrawonthefloorwithchalk.Then,shewouldfillthedrawingwithuncooked21．rice.Thisyear,Manjuwasoldenoughtohelp.He22．paperintoacone(圓錐體)andfilleditwithrice.Sidebyside,heplacedriceacrossthedrawingtogetherwithGrandma.Sometimeshisriceskitteredoutsidethedrawing,sometimesheusedthe23．color.Andsometimesherubbedawaythe24．,soGrandmahadtoredrawit.But25．,thebrightswirlsofricetransformedintoabeautifulpeacock.WhenManjuadmiredthepeacock,he26．a(chǎn)smallpieceoftile(瓷磚)peekingthroughonGrandma'sside.A27．?ButGrandmawasawaytoanswerthetelephone.Shouldhefixit?"I'llsurpriseGrandma!"Hedecided.He28．a(chǎn)cross,tryingtoreachthegap.Almost.Hisleftleginchedup.There!Suddenly,Manjubeganto29．.Hisproudsmilevanished."No!"Hecrasheddownontotherangoli,scatteringrice30．.Manjurosetohisfeetandpushedthericeback.Butthecolorswere31．.WhenGrandmacameback,Manju32．.Hesaid,"I'msorry.Ishouldhavewaitedforyou."Grandmashookherhead."Yousawa33．a(chǎn)ndtriedtofixit.I'mproudofyou."Theypickeduptherice,34．eachgrainbycolor.Justbeforenightfall,theyfinishedfixingtherangoli.Grandmalitcandlesaroundtherangoli.Intheflickeringlight,thepeacockseemed35．withmysticalpowers.Manjusmiled.Thenewyearfeltfullofgoodluck,thankstoGrandma—andhim.21．A．burst B．marked C．colored D．carried22．A．rolled B．brought C．slid D．sank23．A．pale B．wrong C．fresh D．bright24．A．viewpoint B．outline C．proposal D．case25．A．slowly B．fluently C．passively D．instantly26．A．imagined B．spotted C．witnessed D．missed27．A．cone B．rice C．chalk D．gap28．A．extended B．expanded C．stretched D．spread29．A．swell B．lift C．shake D．rest30．A．somewhere B．everywhere C．a(chǎn)nywhere D．nowhere31．A．mixed B．removed C．classified D．displayed32．A．lookedinto B．lookedthroughC．lookedout D．lookeddown33．A．problem B．puzzle C．selection D．collection34．A．a(chǎn)nalyzing B．searching C．sorting D．checking35．A．lovely B．living C．live D．a(chǎn)live四、第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.OneofthemostendangeredanimalsintheworldistheSiberiantiger,36．(know)astheNortheastTigerinChina.Therearelessthan500ofthesebeautifulanimalsstilllivinginthewild.TheSiberiantigeristhelargestofalltigers.37．a(chǎn)dultmalecangrowupto3.3metersin38．(long)andweighasmuchas300kilograms.Longago,SiberiantigerswerealloverNorthcastAsiaandRussianFarEast.39．,todaytheyarefoundmainlyalongtheChinese-Russianborderand40．(possible)inNorthKorea.Themainreasonfortheirdecreaseinnumbersisthedisappearanceoftheirnaturalhabitat.Fortunately,steps41．(take)tosavethismagnificentcreatureinrecentyearsandasaconsequencenumbersare42．therise.ThereisalsoafairlylargepopulationofSiberiantigersinzoos,someof43．a(chǎn)reexpectedtobereintroducedtothewild.Ofcourse,theywouldneedtolearnhowtohuntandtakecareof44．(they),andthisiseasiersaidthandone.Anotherbigissueistheproblemofspace.Atpresent,therejustisnotenough45．(spoil)forestavailabletosupportreintroducingmanySiberiantigersintothewild.五、寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)（滿分15分46．假定你是李華，暑假在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)。你對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)匾粋€(gè)社區(qū)在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布的志愿者招募信息十分感興趣，于是給該社區(qū)寫信，內(nèi)容包括：1.說明報(bào)名原因；2.詢問相關(guān)情況；3.表達(dá)你的期待。注意：1詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實(shí)，行文連貫。六、第二節(jié)（滿分25分47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Thereoncewasastraydog(流浪狗)namedRufuswhowasthemostamazingdogonKumquatStreet.Hecouldhearaladybugblowingitsnose.Hecouldseeapillbugeatingablacklicoricecandyatmidnight.Rufuscouldevensmellacaterpillarthathadn'twasheditsfeet.YouwouldthinkthatRufus,beingsoamazing,wasalsohappy.Buthewasn't.Yousee,therewasonethingthatkeptRufusfrombeingadoptedbyhisfavoritehuman.Andthatwas...Rufusbarkedbackward.Here'swhathesoundedlike:"Wob-wow!Wob-wow!Fra-fra-fra!Krab-krab!"Rufuscouldstandbeinglaughedatbyeverysquirrelandcatintheneighborhood.Whathecouldn'tstandwasthathisbarkkepthimfromlivingwithJanieJohnson.JanieneverlaughedatRufuswhenhebarked.Morethananythingelse,Rufuswantedtobeherpet.Hewantedtoplaycatchinheryardeverydayandsleepatthefootofherbedeachnight.ButJanie'sfather,Mr.Johnson,wouldn'thearofit."What?Adogthatbarksbackward?WedbethelaughingstocksofKumquatStreet!weJohnsonsdidn'tgetwherewearetodaybyadoptingdogsthatbarkbackward.No,Janie.It'soutofthequestion.""I'msorry,"JanietoldRufusonemorningastheysatonherfrontporch."IkeeptellingDaddyhowgreatyouare.Hejustwon'tlisten.""Krab-krab!"saidRufus."Yes,sometimesheisbad-tempered,"saidJanie"I'llkeeptrying,though.Don'tworry."ButRufusdidworry.ThateveninghetalkeditoverwithhisfriendBillBulldog."Idon'tthinkMrJohnsonwilleverlikeme,"Rufussaid."AslongasIbarkbackward,he'llneverletmeliveinhishome.""Haveyoutriedtreatment?"askedBill.Rufussaid,"I'vetriedeverything.Nothinghelps.It'sjustthewayIbark.""You'reagreatdogRoof.Anyonecanseethat,"saidBill."Itjusttakessomehumanslongertofigureitout,that'sall.Hey,wanttogowithmetoSuccotashStreet?I'veheardthattheirgarbageisfantastic."Rufusyawned."No,thanks,"hesaid."I'lltakeanap."WhenRufuswokeup,itwaslateafternoon.Ashewaslyingthere,hissharpearsheardMr.Johnsonsaying,"It'salmostsuppertime.lsJaniestillroller-skating?WeJohnsonsdidn'tgetwherewearetodaybybeinglateforsupper."注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。RufusrandownKumquatStreettolookforJanie.AtthesightofJanieandRufusMr.Johnsonranup.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四個(gè)最令人興奮的旅游目的地。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Puebla,Mexico部分中的"Manyaredecoratedwithcoloredtitles,theuseofwhichillustratesthecombinationofPuebla'slocalandEuropeancolonialstyles."許多都裝飾有彩色的頭銜，這些頭銜的使用說明了普埃布拉當(dāng)?shù)睾蜌W洲殖民風(fēng)格的結(jié)合?？芍?，游客在Puebla,Mexico可以欣賞到本土與外國風(fēng)格相結(jié)合的建筑。故選C。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Guatemala部分中的"Archaeologistshavefoundlong-hiddenruinsofanextensivepre-Columbiancivilizationhere,confirmingthatGuatemalaistheplacetodiveintoMayanculture,thenandnow."考古學(xué)家在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)了埋藏已久的前哥倫布時(shí)代文明的遺跡，證實(shí)了危地馬拉是探索瑪雅文化的地方，無論是過去還是現(xiàn)在?？芍?，根深蒂固的瑪雅文化讓危地馬拉變得特別。故選B。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)Puebla,Mexico部分中的"Foundedin1931,theMexico'sfourth-largestcityisastrongholdofBaroquearchitecture."墨西哥城是墨西哥第四大城市，建于1931年，是巴洛克式建筑的大本營；Tel?,CzechRepublic部分中的"Thestorybooktownwasprobablyfoundedinthemid-14thcentury.Stonewallsandasystemofman-madepondshelpprotectTel?historictowncenter,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite."這個(gè)童話小鎮(zhèn)可能建于14世紀(jì)中期。石墻和人造公園系統(tǒng)保護(hù)了泰爾斯基歷史城鎮(zhèn)中心，它被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn)；G?bekliTepe,Turkey部分中的"Estimatedtodatebacktothe10th-9thmillenniaB.C.E,themonumentallimestonepillarsatG?bekliTepehadbeenhidinginplainsightforseveralthousandyears."據(jù)估計(jì)，位于G?bekliTepe的巨大石灰?guī)r柱可以追溯到公元前10-9千年，已經(jīng)在人們的視線中隱藏了幾千年；以及Guatemala部分中的"Archaeologistshavefoundlong-hiddenruinsofanextensivepre-Columbiancivilizationhere,confirmingthatGuatemalaistheplacetodiveintoMayanculture,thenandnow."考古學(xué)家在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)了埋藏已久的前哥倫布時(shí)代文明的遺跡，證實(shí)了危地馬拉是探索瑪雅文化的地方，無論是過去還是現(xiàn)在。可知，上述目的地的共同之處是他們有歷史遺跡。故選A?！敬鸢浮?．C5．B6．D7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了漢字的起源、發(fā)展以及不同類型的漢字。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"TheimagethatmanypeoplehaveofChinesecharactersisthattheyareallpictograms,butthisisfarfromthecasebecausepictogramshaveverylimiteduse.Simplepictogramsmightbepractical,forexample,ifoneismakingashoppinglistofitemstobuyatthestore,buttheyarefairlyuselessifoneiswritingsomethingmorecomplexorabstract."很多人對(duì)漢字的印象是它們都是象形文字，但事實(shí)遠(yuǎn)非如此，因?yàn)橄笮挝淖值挠猛痉浅Ｓ邢蕖：唵蔚南笮挝淖挚赡苁菍?shí)用的，例如，如果一個(gè)人正在制作在商店購買的商品的購物清單，但如果一個(gè)人在寫更復(fù)雜或抽象的東西，它們就相當(dāng)無用了?？芍?，象形文字在書寫系統(tǒng)中有時(shí)不實(shí)用是因?yàn)樗鼈儾荒芎芎玫乇磉_(dá)抽象的思想。故選C。5．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Nextwehaveacommoncategoryofhanzi:compoundcharacters.Thesearewhereelementsoftwoormorecharactersarecombinedinonecharacterforanewmeaning."接下來我們有一個(gè)常見的漢字類別：復(fù)合字。這是將兩個(gè)或多個(gè)字符的元素組合在一個(gè)字符中以獲得新含義的情況?？芍?，復(fù)合字是使用兩個(gè)或多個(gè)字符元素的字。故選B。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的"Withphonetic-semanticcharacters,oneelementofeachcharactergivesacluetothepronunciation,whiletheothergivesacluetothemeaning."對(duì)于形聲字，每個(gè)字的一個(gè)字符元素給出發(fā)音的線索，而另一個(gè)字符元素給出意義的線索；以及"模"字的左半部分表意義，右半部分表音，因此它屬于形聲字。故選D。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段"Overthecenturies,Chinesecharactershavecontinuallybeendeveloped,withatrendtowardsthesimpleandmoreabstract.ItwasthoughtthatthecomplexityofsomeChinesecharacterswaskeepingpeoplefrombeingabletolearnthem.Thus,duringthe1950sand1960s,theChinesegovernmentrolledoutsimplifiedChinesecharacters."幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，漢字不斷發(fā)展，趨向于簡潔和抽象。人們認(rèn)為，一些漢字的復(fù)雜性使人們無法學(xué)習(xí)它們。因此，在20世紀(jì)50年代和60年代，中國政府推出了簡體字。可知，簡體字的好處是有利于推廣使用漢字。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．B9．A10．D11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何進(jìn)行綠色建筑及其對(duì)環(huán)境的好處。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和標(biāo)題歸納三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Sogreenbuildingsaredesignedtodoallthesethingswithmuchlessenergy.Anenergy-smartbuildingstartswiththickwalls.Alayerofinsulation(隔熱材料)trapsairtostopheatfrompassingthrough.Thatkeepsheatinsideinthewinter,andkeepsheatoutsideinthesummer."所以綠色建筑的設(shè)計(jì)就是要用更少的能源來做所有這些事情。節(jié)能建筑從厚墻開始。一層絕緣層可以隔絕空氣，阻止熱量通過。這樣就能在冬天保持室內(nèi)的熱量，在夏天保持室外的熱量?？芍?，綠色建筑設(shè)計(jì)通過使用帶有絕緣體的厚墻在冬天保持溫暖。故選B。9．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Sogreenbuildingsaredesignedtodoallthesethingswithmuchlessenergy."所以綠色建筑的設(shè)計(jì)就是要用更少的能源來做所有這些事情；第四段中的"Anotherwaytobuildgreenistouserecycledmaterials."另一種綠色建筑的方法是使用回收材料；以及最后一段中的"Greenbuildingsproducelessofthegasesthatwarmtheplanet."綠色建筑產(chǎn)生的使地球變暖的氣體較少?？芍?，綠色建筑的好處包括使用回收材料，使用更少的能源和減少溫室氣體排放。"節(jié)約用水"沒有提到。故選A。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"Toooften,thatenergycomesfromburningfossilfuels.Sogreenbuildingsaredesignedtodoallthesethingswithmuchlessenergy.Anenergy-smartbuildingstartswiththickwalls.Alayerofinsulation(隔熱材料)trapsairtostopheatfrompassingthrough.Thatkeepsheatinsideinthewinter,andkeepsheatoutsideinthesummer."通常，這些能量來自燃燒化石燃料。所以綠色建筑的設(shè)計(jì)就是要用更少的能源來做所有這些事情。節(jié)能建筑從厚墻開始。一層絕緣層可以隔絕空氣，阻止熱量通過。這樣就能在冬天保持室內(nèi)的熱量，在夏天保持室外的熱量；以及全文介紹綠色建筑的好處可知，本文主要介紹通過科技的方法來修建"綠色"建筑，可推知，本文最有可能出現(xiàn)在雜志的科技一部分。故選D。11．考查標(biāo)題歸納。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Cityplannerslikegreenbuildingsbecausetheysavemoney.Andtheyarehealthierforthepeoplewhoworkandliveinside.Butyoudon'tneedtobuildawholenewbuilding.Simplechangeslikeshadingwindowsandplantingtreescanmakeanyhomegreener—andabetterEarthhomeforusall."城市規(guī)劃者喜歡綠色建筑，因?yàn)樗鼈兡苁″X。對(duì)于在里面工作和生活的人來說，它們更健康。但你不需要建一座全新的大樓。簡單的改變，如遮陽窗戶和種樹，可以使任何一個(gè)家庭更環(huán)保，為我們所有人創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的地球家園?？芍恼陆榻B了如何進(jìn)行綠色建筑及其對(duì)于地球環(huán)境的好處，"綠色建筑：更親切地?fù)肀У厍?適合最為本文標(biāo)題。故選D?！敬鸢浮?2．C13．A14．D15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在過去的50年里，美國兒童肥胖率增加了兩倍，美國兒科學(xué)會(huì)提出的建議難以實(shí)現(xiàn)，研究表明多運(yùn)動(dòng)有助于身心健康，因此需要投資更多、更安全的地方，讓孩子們玩耍運(yùn)動(dòng)，文章還分析了孩子運(yùn)動(dòng)量減少的原因。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"TheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics(AAP)madewavesthisyearbyrecommendingthatdoctorsputobesekidsasyoungastwoyearsoldonintensive,family-orientedlifestyleandbehaviorplans.Italsosuggestedprescribingweight-lossdrugstochildrenl2andolderandsurgerytoteens13andolder.Thisadvicereflectstheorganization'sadoptionofamoreactivepositiononchildhoodobesity."美國兒科學(xué)會(huì)(AAP)今年引起了轟動(dòng)，它建議醫(yī)生讓年僅兩歲的肥胖兒童接受強(qiáng)化的、以家庭為導(dǎo)向的生活方式和行為計(jì)劃。它還建議為12歲及以上的兒童開減肥藥，并為13歲及以上的青少年開手術(shù)。這一建議反映了該組織在兒童肥胖問題上采取了更加積極的立場?？芍?，美國兒科學(xué)會(huì)在對(duì)抗兒童肥胖方面發(fā)揮著更加積極的作用。故選C。13．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Expertsblametheproblemontheprivatizationofsports—aspublicinvestmentinschool-basedathleticsdwindles,expensiveprivateleagueshavegrown,leavingmanykidsout."專家將問題歸咎于體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的私有化——隨著對(duì)學(xué)校體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的公共投資dwindles，昂貴的私人聯(lián)賽不斷壯大，許多孩子被排除在外?？芍?，許多孩子被排除在運(yùn)動(dòng)之外原因之一是對(duì)學(xué)校體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的公共投資下降減少，劃線詞dwindle是"減少"之意，故選A。14．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Kidseverywhereneedmoreplacestoplay.Publicfundingtobuildandkeepuptheseareasiscrucial,butotheroptionssuchasshared-useagreementscanmakeunusedspacesavailabletothepublic."世界各地的孩子都需要更多玩耍的地方。建設(shè)和維護(hù)這些區(qū)域的公共資金至關(guān)重要，但共享使用協(xié)議等其他選擇可以將未使用的空間提供給公眾?？芍?，學(xué)校放假時(shí)開放操場，可以給孩子們提供玩?？臻g，這是創(chuàng)建更多安全區(qū)域的措施。故選D。15．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第三段"Ratherthanpayingcloseattentiontonumbersonascale,theU.S.andcountrieswithsimilartrendsshouldfocusonanunderlyingtruth:weneedtoinvestinmoreandsaferplacesforchildrentoplaywheretheycanmoveandrunaround,climbandjump,rideandskate."美國和具有類似趨勢的國家不應(yīng)該密切關(guān)注規(guī)模上的數(shù)字，而應(yīng)該關(guān)注一個(gè)基本事實(shí)：我們需要投資于更多、更安全的兒童玩耍場所，讓他們可以移動(dòng)、奔跑、攀爬和跳躍，騎行和滑冰；以及全文可知，本文的主旨大意是迫切需要更多安全的戶外娛樂場所。故選B?！敬鸢浮?6．G；17．C；18．A；19．E；20．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了三種緩解焦慮的"急救"技巧。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查七選五，本文是一篇健康類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。

16