專題03-七選五(閱讀理解)(解析版)

專題03閱讀理解（七選五）---2023年新高考八省最新名校聯(lián)考試題匯編(解析版)【石家莊市二中2022-2023學(xué)年高三試題】Whatisheritage?Thewordcanbedifficulttodefine.Heritageisalwayssomethingthatispasseddownbyfamiliesorothergroupsformanyyears.____16____Itcanalsobethecustoms,traditions,andvaluessharedbygroupsofpeople.Onewaytothinkaboutheritageistobreakitdownintothreegroups.Thesearethetangible(有形的),thenatural,andtheintangible.____17____Itcanincludemanyhuman-madeobjectsthatholdculturalvalue.Someexamplesarenationalmonumentsandworksofart.Manyancientsitesarealsopartofthisgroup.Onasmallerscale,afamilyhomecanbepartofanindividual’sheritage.Manypartsofthenaturalworldarealsoimportanttoculturalheritage.Thiscanincludebodiesofwater,plantlife,landformsandmore.OneexampleistheNileRiver.____18____Effortstoprotectnaturalheritagearekeyinmanycultures.Theintangiblegroupincludesanypartofculturalheritagethatyoucan’tfeelthroughtouch.Maybeyou’vereadaboutformsofdance,likeFlamencodancing.YoumightknowaboutthemusicofMariachiBandsorholidayslikeEid.Theseareallexamplesofintangibleheritage.____19____Exploringyourownheritagecanbefun.Itcanhelpyoulearnaboutyourself,yourfamily,andyourancestors.Butit’salsoimportanttolearnabouttheheritageofothers.____20____Itcanalsoleadyoutofindthingsyoumayhaveincommonwithothers!A．Theyaretreasuresthatcanbetouched.B．Whattangibleitemscanbepartofheritage?C．However,heritageisn’tlimitedtoconcreteobjects.D．Languages,holidaysandcustomsalsomakethelist.E．Therefore,it’sdifficulttoprotectthemfromfadingaway.F．Doingsocanhelpyoubuildastrongerunderstandingofothercultures.G．IthasbeenpartofculturalheritageinmanyAfricannationsforcenturies.【答案】16．C

17．B

18．G

19．D

20．F【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。講述了遺產(chǎn)是由家庭或其他群體傳承多年的東西。然而，遺產(chǎn)并不局限于具體的物品，它也是一群人共有的習(xí)俗、傳統(tǒng)和價(jià)值觀。16．根據(jù)下文“Itcanalsobethecustoms,traditions,andvaluessharedbygroupsofpeople.(它也可以是一群人共享的習(xí)俗、傳統(tǒng)和價(jià)值觀)”可知，此處應(yīng)指遺產(chǎn)不局限于某種東西，與C項(xiàng)“However,heritageisn’tlimitedtoconcreteobjects.(然而，遺產(chǎn)并不局限于具體的物品)”符合題意。故選C。17．根據(jù)上文“Thesearethetangible(有形的),thenatural,andtheintangible.(遺產(chǎn)分為有形的、自然的、和無(wú)形的三種)”及空后“Itcanincludemanyhuman-madeobjectsthatholdculturalvalue.(它可以包括許多具有文化價(jià)值的人造物。)”，再結(jié)合下文中列舉的人造物品的例子，包括“nationalmonumentsandworksofart”、“ancientsites”等；由此可知，本段主要講述哪些是有形的遺產(chǎn)，B項(xiàng)“Whattangibleitemscanbepartofheritage?(哪些有形物品可以成為遺產(chǎn)的一部分)”符合題意，故選B。18．本段主要介紹自然遺產(chǎn)。根據(jù)空前“OneexampleistheNileRiver.(尼羅河就是一個(gè)例子)”可知，空處應(yīng)該會(huì)繼續(xù)講述與尼羅河有關(guān)的內(nèi)容。G項(xiàng)“IthasbeenpartofculturalheritageinmanyAfricannationsforcenturies.(幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，它一直是許多非洲國(guó)家文化遺產(chǎn)的一部分)”承接上文，符合題意。故選G。19．本段主要介紹無(wú)形的遺產(chǎn)。上文提到了舞蹈、音樂(lè)等無(wú)形的遺產(chǎn)，D項(xiàng)“Languages,holidaysandcustomsalsomakethelist.(語(yǔ)言、節(jié)日、習(xí)俗也榜上有名)”承接上文，介紹了其他的無(wú)形遺產(chǎn)，符合題意。故選D。20．根據(jù)上一句“Butit’salsoimportanttolearnabouttheheritageofothers.(但了解他人的遺產(chǎn)也很重要)”及下一句“Itcanalsoleadyoutofindthingsyoumayhaveincommonwithothers!(它還可以引導(dǎo)您找到與他人可能有共同點(diǎn)的東西！)”可知，空出應(yīng)該是介紹了解他人的遺產(chǎn)的好處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Doingsocanhelpyoubuildastrongerunderstandingofothercultures.(這樣做可以幫助您更深入地了解其他文化)”承上啟下，符合題意。故選F。2.【廣東省六校2023年高三聯(lián)考】Playingisakeycomponentinthelearningprocessforvirtuallyallofthechildren.Role-playingisoneofthemostsignificantwayschildrenplay.

____16____.Itcanbenefitchildreninmanyways.Children’sbrainsareactivatedwhenrole-playing,accordingtochilddevelopmentexperts.____17____.Whenchildrenrole-play,theymustcreateplanstoactoutastoryandfigureoutwhatstepsneedtobetakentoaccomplishit.Throughtheseactivities,childrencanenhancetheirorallanguageabilities.Asaresult,theybecomeabletogiveinstructionsandorganizeothers.

____18____.

Rolesareassignedtochildrenwhentheyengageingroupactivities.Thereareleadersandfollowers.Whenchildrendisagreewitheachother,theymustlearntonegotiateandcompromise,aswellastoapologizewhentheydisagreeorhavestrongarguments.Besideshelpingchildrenlearnsomekindsofskills,role-playingfosterschildren’simaginationsandcanthereforeassumeanumberofforms.Forexample,boysmaypretendtoshaveliketheirfathers,whilegirlsmaypretendtobemotherstodosomedailytaskslikecaringforyoungbabies.____19____.Lastly,role-playingcanhelpchildrendealwithemotionalpaincausedbyspecificactions,suchasthefearofgoingtoschoolforthefirsttime.____20____.Tohelptheirchildrenmastertheirfears,expertsencourageparentstolettheirchildrenrole-playandeventoparticipateintheseactivitieswiththeirchildren.A．Children’ssocialskillscanalsobedeveloped.B．Childrenmightdressupandassumedifferentroles.C．Moreoften,childrenmayactoutstoriestheyreadinbooks.D．Languageskillsaresomeofthemostcriticalaspectsoflearning.E．Whetherrole-playingoccursornotdependsontheintentionsoftheindividuals.F．Thisinvolvesachildinanactivitywhereheorshepretendstobeanotherperson.G．Role-playingsituationslikethesebeforehandcanhelpchildrenlower.【答案】16．F

17．D

18．A

19．C

20．G【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章對(duì)“角色扮演”進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要介紹，其次提出了“角色扮演”可以幫助孩子學(xué)習(xí)、培養(yǎng)孩子想象力以及幫助孩子應(yīng)對(duì)一些他們產(chǎn)生不良情緒的狀況。16．上文“Playingisakeycomponentinthelearningprocessforvirtuallyallofthechildren.Role-playingisoneofthemostsignificantwayschildrenplay.(對(duì)幾乎所有的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，玩耍是學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵組成部分。角色扮演是孩子們最重要的游戲方式之一。)”提到了角色扮演是孩子們學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的最重要的游戲方式之一，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“這涉及到一個(gè)孩子在一個(gè)活動(dòng)中，他或她假裝是另一個(gè)人?！苯忉屃私巧缪?，承接上文，引出下文“Itcanbenefitchildreninmanyways.(它可以在許多方面使兒童受益。)”，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的this指代上文的“Role-playing”，下文的it也是指代“Role-playing”。故選F。17．根據(jù)下文“Whenchildrenrole-play,theymustcreateplanstoactoutastoryandfigureoutwhatstepsneedtobetakentoaccomplishit.Throughtheseactivities,childrencanenhancetheirorallanguageabilities.(當(dāng)孩子們扮演角色時(shí)，他們必須制定計(jì)劃來(lái)表演一個(gè)故事，并找出需要采取什么步驟來(lái)完成它。通過(guò)這些活動(dòng)，孩子們可以提高他們的口語(yǔ)能力。)”可知，本段講述通過(guò)角色扮演孩子們可以提高語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力，D項(xiàng)“語(yǔ)言技能是學(xué)習(xí)中最關(guān)鍵的方面之一。”符合語(yǔ)境，引出下文的解釋說(shuō)明。故選D。18．根據(jù)下文“Rolesareassignedtochildrenwhentheyengageingroupactivities.Thereareleadersandfollowers.Whenchildrendisagreewitheachother,theymustlearntonegotiateandcompromise,aswellastoapologizewhentheydisagreeorhavestrongarguments.(當(dāng)孩子們參加集體活動(dòng)時(shí)，他們會(huì)被分配角色。有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，也有追隨者。當(dāng)孩子們彼此意見(jiàn)不一致時(shí)，他們必須學(xué)會(huì)協(xié)商和妥協(xié)，以及在他們意見(jiàn)不一致或有強(qiáng)烈爭(zhēng)論時(shí)道歉。)”可知，本段講述孩子們可以通過(guò)角色扮演學(xué)會(huì)協(xié)商，妥協(xié)和道歉，提高社交能力，A項(xiàng)“孩子們的社交技能也可以得到發(fā)展。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。19．根據(jù)上文“Besideshelpingchildrenlearnsomekindsofskills,role-playingfosterschildren’simaginationsandcanthereforeassumeanumberofforms.Forexample,boysmaypretendtoshaveliketheirfathers,whilegirlsmaypretendtobemotherstodosomedailytaskslikecaringforyoungbabies.(除了幫助孩子們學(xué)習(xí)一些技能，角色扮演還能培養(yǎng)孩子們的想象力，因此可以采取多種形式。例如，男孩可能會(huì)像他們的父親一樣假裝刮胡子，而女孩可能會(huì)假裝是母親來(lái)做一些日常工作，比如照顧嬰兒。)”可知，角色扮演還可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的想象力，空格上文列舉了一些角色扮演培養(yǎng)想象力的活動(dòng)，男孩扮演父親，女孩扮演母親，C項(xiàng)“更常見(jiàn)的情況是，孩子們可能會(huì)表演他們?cè)跁?shū)中讀到的故事?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，與前文是順承關(guān)系，故選C。20．前文“Lastly,role-playingcanhelpchildrendealwithemotionalpaincausedbyspecificactions,suchasthefearofgoingtoschoolforthefirsttime.(最后，角色扮演可以幫助孩子們處理由特定行為引起的情感痛苦，比如對(duì)第一次上學(xué)的恐懼。)”講述了角色扮演可以幫助孩子們處理情感痛苦，并舉例，G項(xiàng)中的“helpchildrenlowertheirfearinreality”與本段話題一致，因此推斷G項(xiàng)“像這樣的角色扮演情境可以幫助孩子們降低他們?cè)诂F(xiàn)實(shí)中的恐懼”符合語(yǔ)境，“theirfearinreality”呼應(yīng)上文的“thefearofgoingtoschoolforthefirsttime”以及下文的“fears”。故選G。3.【2023屆福建省泉州重點(diǎn)高中質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)試題】Iwasrecentlyinabusinessmeeting,wheretwomanagersfacedoffwiththeirwildlydifferentopinions.Buttooursurprise,themeetingwentremarkablywell-andallbecauseoneofthemsimplyshowedacalmmaturity（成熟）.Hekeptsayingthingslike,“Iabsolutelyseeyourpoint,Jeff,”and“You’rerightaboutthat.Couldweconsider…?”____16____Andthingswentsmoothly.Sowhataremorewaystobringmorecool,collectedcalmintoourlife?Herearesome.?Focusonyourownstuff.Itcanbesoeasytocompareourselvestootherpeopleoverourpaychecks,thecontentsofourclosets,relationshipstatusesetc.Butwhenyourealizethatallthatmattersisyou,youcan’thelpbutjustdoyou.____17____?Knowhowtolaughatyourself.JoanRiverssaid,“Lifegoesbyfast.Enjoyit.Calmdown.It’sallfunny.”____18____Andonceyougettothepointwhereyoucanlaughatyourself,youcanlaughatprettymuchanything.?____19____Idon’tthinkthereisanythingmoregrown-upthantaking100percentresponsibilityforyourlife.Noexcusesorexceptions-parental,governmentalorotherwise.Whenyouownyourcircumstancesandyour“stuff”you’reempowered.____20____.Wecanquantifyourcalmbyourabilityto“shakeitoff”.Youreallycanchoosetofreeyourselffromanything:aruderemark,adisrespectfromsomeoneyou’veneverliked,apassive-aggressivecolleague...whatever.Whenyoucanshakeallthatoffandjustfocusonthepresentmoment,youkindofhaveitfiguredout.A．Neverreact.B．Don’tblameothers.C．Lifedoesn’thavetobesoserious,doesit?D．Andwhenthathappens,lifegetsawesome.E．Willguiltandregrethaveyoulivinginthepast?F．Hemethiscolleague’sargumentwithabsolutecalm.G．Maturitybeginswhendramaanddissatisfactionend.【答案】16．F

17．D

18．C

19．B

20．G【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了可以給我們的生活帶來(lái)更多的冷靜和從容的方法。16．根據(jù)前文“Iwasrecentlyinabusinessmeeting,wheretwomanagersfacedoffwiththeirwildlydifferentopinions.Buttooursurprise,themeetingwentremarkablywell-andallbecauseoneofthemsimplyshowedacalmmaturity（成熟）.Hekeptsayingthingslike,“Iabsolutelyseeyourpoint,Jeff,”and“You’rerightaboutthat.Couldweconsider…?”(最近，我參加了一個(gè)商務(wù)會(huì)議，兩位經(jīng)理針?shù)h相對(duì)，提出了截然不同的觀點(diǎn)。但令我們驚訝的是，會(huì)議進(jìn)行得非常順利——而這一切都是因?yàn)槠渲幸蝗吮憩F(xiàn)出了冷靜成熟的態(tài)度。他一直在說(shuō)，“我完全明白你的意思，杰夫，”和“你說(shuō)得對(duì)。我們可以考慮……嗎?”)”可知，其中一人以絕對(duì)冷靜的態(tài)度面對(duì)爭(zhēng)議，所以F項(xiàng)“Hemethiscolleague’sargumentwithabsolutecalm.(他以絕對(duì)冷靜的態(tài)度面對(duì)同事的爭(zhēng)論)”符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)。17．空處位于段末，應(yīng)是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Itcanbesoeasytocompareourselvestootherpeopleoverourpaychecks,thecontentsofourclosets,relationshipstatusesetc.Butwhenyourealizethatallthatmattersisyou,youcan’thelpbutjustdoyou.(我們很容易拿自己的薪水、衣柜里的東西、關(guān)系狀況等與他人比較。但當(dāng)你意識(shí)到最重要的是你自己時(shí)，你就會(huì)情不自禁地做你自己)”推知，當(dāng)我們意識(shí)到自己是最重要的后生活會(huì)有什么樣的改變。D項(xiàng)“Andwhenthathappens,lifegetsawesome.(當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時(shí)，生活就變得精彩了)”符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。18．根據(jù)前文“JoanRiverssaid,“Lifegoesbyfast.Enjoyit.Calmdown.It’sallfunny.”(瓊·里弗斯說(shuō)過(guò):“生命過(guò)得很快。享受它。冷靜下來(lái)。一切都很有趣?！?”以及后文“Andonceyougettothepointwhereyoucanlaughatyourself,youcanlaughatprettymuchanything.(一旦你到了可以自嘲的程度，你就可以嘲笑任何事情了)”可知，空處是一個(gè)過(guò)渡句，是對(duì)前一句的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，并引出下文，所以C項(xiàng)“Lifedoesn’thavetobesoserious,doesit?(生活沒(méi)必要這么嚴(yán)肅，不是嗎?)”講述的是抱著愉快的態(tài)度看待生活，是對(duì)前文的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，同時(shí)通過(guò)反義疑問(wèn)句，引出下文。故選C項(xiàng)。19．空處是本段的小標(biāo)題，是對(duì)本段的高度概括，根據(jù)下文“Idon’tthinkthereisanythingmoregrown-upthantaking100percentresponsibilityforyourlife.Noexcusesorexceptions-parental,governmentalorotherwise.Whenyouownyourcircumstancesandyour“stuff”you’reempowered.(我認(rèn)為沒(méi)有什么比對(duì)自己的生活承擔(dān)百分之百的責(zé)任更成熟的了。沒(méi)有借口或例外——父母的，政府的或其他的。當(dāng)你擁有你的環(huán)境和你的“東西”時(shí)，你就被賦予了力量)”可知，本段說(shuō)的是自己去承擔(dān)責(zé)任，不要責(zé)怪他人，所以B項(xiàng)“Don’tblameothers.(不要指責(zé)他人)”符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。20．分析設(shè)空，空處位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Wecanquantifyourcalmbyourabilityto“shakeitoff”.Youreallycanchoosetofreeyourselffromanything:aruderemark,adisrespectfromsomeoneyou’veneverliked,apassive-aggressivecolleague...whatever.Whenyoucanshakeallthatoffandjustfocusonthepresentmoment,youkindofhaveitfiguredout.(我們可以通過(guò)“擺脫冷靜”的能力來(lái)量化我們的冷靜。你真的可以選擇讓自己從任何事情中解脫出來(lái)：一句粗魯?shù)脑?，一個(gè)你不喜歡的人的不尊重，一個(gè)消極攻擊的同事……無(wú)論什么。當(dāng)你能擺脫所有這些，專注于當(dāng)下，你就找到了答案)”可知，本段是在講述，當(dāng)能擺脫一些讓自己不快的事時(shí)，就說(shuō)明你成熟了，所以G項(xiàng)“Maturitybeginswhendramaanddissatisfactionend.(當(dāng)戲劇性事件和不滿結(jié)束時(shí)，成熟就開(kāi)始了)”符合文意。故選G項(xiàng)。4.【黑龍江省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三模擬試題】Self-managementreferstoself-control,whichisasignofinnerstrength.Thereisnooneeasyorsimplewaytolearnit,aseveryone’smindworksdifferentlyfromanother.____16____Here’salistofwaystodevelopself-managementskills.HaveGoalsIfsomethingisimportantenoughforyou,itshouldbewrittendownsomewhereasyourgoal.Whetheritislosingsomeweightorfinishingacoursewithacertaingrade,havingagoaltoreachisimportantforyourmotivation.Itprovidesyouareasonwhyyou’redoingsomethingornotdoingsomething.____17____SetascheduleDailyorweeklyschedulesgivesyoumoreofafeelingthatthingsarebeingaccomplished.Studentswhosetschedulesforthemselvestendtobeabitmoreorganizedandawareofeverything

thatishappening

around

them.____18____For

example,theyusuallylikestudyingforafewhoursnowandthentheycanhangoutwiththeirfriendslater.____19____Ifyoufailtohityourgoals,adjustyourgoalstomakeupforyourpastmistakes.Takeastepbackandassess(評(píng)估)whatyouaredoingandchangeit.It’sokaynottoreachgoals,aslongasyoucanacknowledgeitandmakepositivechangestowardsmeetingyour

goals.____20____Butsometimesyoujustfallshort.Knowingthatit’s

okayandthatyoucanmoveonisallthemotivationyou’llneedtopickyourselfbackup.Self-Managementskillsareessentialforlife.OnlythroughSelf-Managementcanyoutrulyownyourfuture.Sotakeitseriouslyandfindwaystoimproveyourself.A．Assessyourself.B．BehonesttoyourselfC．Buttherearecertainthingsthatworkformost.D．Whetheritisnaturaloracquired,itisagreatskill.E．Youcanevenbreakitdowntoyearly,monthly,weekly,andevendailyones.F．They’reabletothinkinadvanceaboutwhattheyneedtoaccomplishnoworlater.G．Thisstepisespeciallyhardbecauseyouwanttofeelgoodaboutyourselfandachieveyourgoals.【答案】16．C

17．D

18．F

19．B

20．G【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹的是培養(yǎng)自己自我管理能力的幾種方法。16．根據(jù)空前的“Thereisnooneeasyorsimplewaytolearnit,aseveryone’smindworksdifferentlyfromanother.(沒(méi)有一種簡(jiǎn)單或簡(jiǎn)單的方法來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)它，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人的思維方式都不同。)”與空后的“Here’salistofwaystodevelopself-managementskills.(以下是發(fā)展自我管理技能的方法列表。)”可知，上文說(shuō)的是大家思維方式不同，所以沒(méi)有一種簡(jiǎn)單的方法學(xué)會(huì)自我管理，而空后卻說(shuō)有一系列的培養(yǎng)自我管理的技能，所以空處表示的是承上啟下。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)C中的“Buttherearecertainthingsthatworkformost.(但是有些事情對(duì)大多數(shù)人都有效。)”轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but銜接上下文。故選C項(xiàng)。17．根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題以及空前的“Itprovidesyouareasonwhyyou’redoingsomethingornotdoingsomething.(它為您提供了做某事或不做某事的理由。)”可知，此處的it指代的是“有目標(biāo)”，選項(xiàng)D中的“Whetheritisnaturaloracquired,itisagreatskill.(無(wú)論是天生的還是后天的，都是一項(xiàng)偉大的技能。)”it指代的內(nèi)容一致。故選D項(xiàng)。18．根據(jù)下文中的“Forexample,theyusuallylikestudyingforafewhoursnowandthentheycanhangoutwiththeirfriendslater.(例如，他們通常喜歡偶爾學(xué)習(xí)幾個(gè)小時(shí)，然后他們可以和朋友出去玩。)”可知，下文是通過(guò)舉例來(lái)說(shuō)明本段的主題，選項(xiàng)F中的“They’reabletothinkinadvanceaboutwhattheyneedtoaccomplishnoworlater.(他們能夠提前考慮他們現(xiàn)在或以后需要完成什么。)”代詞they指代內(nèi)容一致。故選F項(xiàng)。19．根據(jù)空格所處的位置，分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)該選擇祈使句。根據(jù)“Ifyoufailtohityourgoals,adjustyourgoalstomakeupforyourpastmistakes.(如果你沒(méi)有達(dá)到你的目標(biāo)，調(diào)整你的目標(biāo)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)你過(guò)去的錯(cuò)誤。)”和“It’sokaynottoreachgoals,aslongasyoucanacknowledgeitandmakepositivechangestowardsmeetingyour

goals.(不達(dá)到目標(biāo)沒(méi)關(guān)系，只要你能承認(rèn)它并為實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)做出積極的改變。)”可知，本段講述的主題要敢于承認(rèn)和面對(duì)未實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的情況，B項(xiàng)“Behonesttoyourself.(對(duì)自己誠(chéng)實(shí)。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。20．根據(jù)下文中的“Butsometimesyoujustfallshort.(但有時(shí)你只是達(dá)不到要求。)”并結(jié)合本段的小標(biāo)題“Behonesttoyourself.(對(duì)自己誠(chéng)實(shí)。)”可知，此處表示的是對(duì)自己誠(chéng)實(shí)是一個(gè)很難做到的技能，選項(xiàng)G“Thisstepisespeciallyhardbecauseyouwanttofeelgoodaboutyourselfandachieveyourgoals.(這一步特別困難，因?yàn)槟胱晕腋杏X(jué)良好并實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。5.【湖北省高中名校聯(lián)合體2023年高三診斷試題】DoActionsSpeakLouderthanWords?Oursocietyisfastpaced.Weareallrushingfromoneplacetothenext,blowingourhornatslowdriverswhomaybesingingsongsinthecarwiththeirchildrenorpointingoutsomeinterestingsights.Wedon'thavetimeforthatsillinesstoday.Butwetrytosaytoourselvesthatwewillmaketimeforfuntomorrow.Itistimetotakeafewdeepbreathsandthinkaboutouractionsandourwords.___16___Haveyoueverreallythoughtaboutthesaying“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords”?Thinkaboutitnow.Ifyousayonethingandactinanoppositeway,willthewordsbeignoredandjusttheactionsremembered?Idon’tthinkso.___17___Itisalsoequallyimportanttousewordstoshowappreciation,love,approvalandhappinessandthenfollowthosewordswithahug,patonthebackorsmile.___18___Whataboutthatsaying?True?Yes!Wordscarryalotofweightandwillberememberedforyearsespeciallywhentheyarewrittendown.Meanwordscanhurtforthatmomentandforalifetime.Iamsurethateachofusremembersatimewhenafriendmadeanunkindcomment.___19___Let’snotbeamemberofthat“club”.Whenwasthelasttimethatyouhidalovenoteinalunchboxorinyourmate’scoatpocket?Ifyouwanttoseeabrightsmile,thatwilldoit!Thepowerofthiswrittennotewillberememberedformanydays,evenyears.“Icanlivefortwomonthsonagoodcompliment(夸獎(jiǎng))”,saidMarkTwain.Childrengrowstrongerwhentheyfeelappreciatedandunderstood.___20___Aperfectwaytoturnabaddayaroundistopraiseyourchild.“Inoticedthatyourhairlookedverynicetoday.”“Didyouhangyourcoatupallbyyourself?”Itisamazinghowthosefewwordscanchangeachild'soutlook...almostimmediately.Don’tstopthere...Oneofmysistersendedaphoneconversationwiththreewords－“Iloveyou”!Boy,thatputaspringinmystep!MarkTwainisright.Istillfeelthepositiveeffectofthosethreelittlebutverypowerfulwords.A．Thepenismorepowerfulthanthesword.B．Isitreallyreasonabletodosomethinglikethat?C．Dotheydisplaytheattitudethatwewanttoconvey?D．Itisimportanttohaveyourwordsmatchyouractions.E．Behaviorisamirrorinwhicheveryoneshowshisimage.F．Thosewordsdidlastingdamagetoyou,therelationshiporboth.G．Don’tbeafraidtoshoweryourchildwithencouragingwordsalldaylong.【答案】16．C

17．D

18．A

19．F

20．G【分析】本文是一篇議論文。通過(guò)一系列的說(shuō)明，解釋了文字，語(yǔ)言的重要性以及對(duì)人的影響。作者告訴我們語(yǔ)言對(duì)人們有終生的影響，因此我們要鼓勵(lì)贊美孩子，不要使用刻薄的話諷刺挖苦孩子。16．考查句意理解和上下文語(yǔ)境理解。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中"Itistimetotakeafewdeepbreathsandthinkaboutouractionsandourwords．"（到了該好好考慮我們的行為和言語(yǔ)的時(shí)候了。）與選項(xiàng)C中的"they"對(duì)應(yīng)可知。因此C選項(xiàng)切題。Dotheydisplaytheattitudethatwewanttoconvey?“它們（我們的行為和言語(yǔ)）傳達(dá)了我們想要表達(dá)的態(tài)度了嗎？”。故選C。17．考查句意理解和上下文語(yǔ)境理解。根據(jù)此空后"Itisalsoequallyimportanttousewordstoshowappreciation"和選項(xiàng)D中"Itisimportant"對(duì)應(yīng)可知D項(xiàng)切題。Itisimportanttohaveyourwordsmatchyouractions.“使你的言行與行為相符這很重要”。故選D。18．考查句意理解和上下文語(yǔ)境理解。后句Whataboutthatsaying?（這一諺語(yǔ)怎么樣？）提到的saying既是指Thepenismorepowerfulthanthesword.（筆桿子比寶劍還要鋒利），文章中的"Wordscarryalotofweight"也解釋了這一諺語(yǔ)的含義。故選A。19．考查句意理解和上下文語(yǔ)境理解。上句Iamsurethateachofusremembersatimewhenafriendmadeanunkindcomment.（我確信每個(gè)人都記得有時(shí)候，某個(gè)朋友會(huì)做出不友善的評(píng)論。）提到的madeanunkindcomment"與選項(xiàng)F中的"Thosewords"對(duì)應(yīng)。因此F選項(xiàng)切題。Thosewordsdidlastingdamagetoyou,therelationshiporboth.這些話語(yǔ)會(huì)對(duì)你和你們之間的關(guān)系造成持久的傷害。故選F。20．考查句意理解和上下文語(yǔ)境理解。由最后一段講述了贊美的重要性可知空格處應(yīng)該與鼓勵(lì)贊美相關(guān)，從段落中"Istillfeelthepositiveeffectofthosethreelittlebutverypowerfulwords．"和"Icanlivefortwomonthsonagoodcompliment（夸獎(jiǎng)）"也能看出G選項(xiàng)切題。Don’tbeafraidtoshoweryourchildwithencouragingwordsalldaylong.“不要害怕把鼓勵(lì)的語(yǔ)言如雨般傾注在孩子身上”。故選G。6.【湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三試題】WhyDoesFoodTasteBadOnAirplanes?Howmanytimeshaveyoucomplainedaboutairlinefoodbeingtasteless?Accordingtopopularlyacceptedstudies,thereasonmightbeachangeinourabilitytoperceivetaste.____16____Let’sgetintotheactualdetailsbeforeyougetoffended.TheCabinAiris15%DrierThantheAirontheGroundTomaintainthepressureinsidethecabin,airlinesmustcloselyregulatetheairinside,involvingchangingitscomposition.Theairinsideairplanecabinsisfarmoredrythantheairwebreatheontheground.____17____Inanenvironmentlikethis,yourpowersoftasteandsmellbegintodriftaway.ThePressureInsidetheCabinisLowerThanontheGroundInthepressurizedcabinapassenger’sbodilyfluidswillmoveupwardsandthenasalcavities(鼻腔)swell.Theswellingmesseswithourtastebuds,makingthefoodtasteunappealing.Youmightknowhowdininginsuchconditionsfeel,sincewe’veallfoughtcoldsinthepast.____18________19____Badfoodcan’tbeblamedmerelyonthein-cabinconditionstoo.It’salsopossiblethatthefoodisactuallybad.Duetofoodsafetystandards,allmealsmustbecookedonthegroundandunbreakable.SuchrequirementsformassproductiondefinitelytiesdowntheChef’shands.Whatcanbedone?____20____Apparently,chefshavebeentryingtoadaptrecipesinhowfoodtastesathighaltitudes.Everyoneneedstobepatientuntilbettersolutionsformassfoodproductionarefound.A．Themethodoffoodproductionisdifferent.B．Themassproductionoffoodistoblame.C．Insomecases,it’sevendrierthancertaindeserts.D．Asickpersonisfarfromthebestjudgeoffoodquality.E．Thatmakesitourbody’sfault,ratherthantheairlines.F．Butthatdoesn’tmeanmealsservedonairplanescan’ttastejustasgood.G．Basically,wecan’tusethesamerecipesforairlinemealsthatwewoulduseontheground.【答案】16．E

17．C

18．D

19．A

20．G【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要分析了飛機(jī)上食物嘗起來(lái)沒(méi)有味道的原因。16．根據(jù)上文“Howmanytimeshaveyoucomplainedaboutairlinefoodbeingtasteless?”（你有多少次抱怨航空食品無(wú)味？）可知，我們時(shí)常抱怨飛機(jī)上食物寡淡無(wú)味。再由“thereasonmightbeachangeinourabilitytoperceivetaste(原因可能是我們感知味道的能力發(fā)生了變化)”可知，這可能是我們自身的原因，而不是食物的問(wèn)題。故選E項(xiàng)。17．根據(jù)上文“Theairinsideairplanecabinsisfarmoredrythantheairwebreatheontheground.”（機(jī)艙內(nèi)的空氣比我們?cè)诘孛嫔虾粑目諝飧稍锏枚?。）可知，機(jī)艙內(nèi)的空氣更干燥些，再根據(jù)后文“Inanenvironmentlikethis,yourpowersoftasteandsmellbegintodriftaway.”（在這樣的環(huán)境中，你的味覺(jué)和嗅覺(jué)能力開(kāi)始消失。）可知，味覺(jué)和嗅覺(jué)的能力都開(kāi)始消失，說(shuō)明干燥的程度很?chē)?yán)重，因此，設(shè)空處可進(jìn)一步描述干燥的程度。C項(xiàng)“在某些情況下，它甚至比某些沙漠還要干燥”進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充空氣的干燥程度，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。18．根據(jù)上文“Inthepressurizedcabinapassenger’sbodilyfluidswillmoveupwardsandthenasalcavities

swell.Theswellingmesseswithourtastebuds,makingthefoodtasteunappealing.Youmightknowhowdininginsuchconditionsfeel,sincewe’veallfoughtcoldsinthepast.”（在壓力艙中，乘客的體液會(huì)向上移動(dòng)，鼻腔會(huì)腫脹。腫脹擾亂了我們的味蕾，使食物的味道變得毫無(wú)吸引力。你可能知道在這樣的條件下吃飯的感覺(jué)，因?yàn)槲覀兌荚c感冒作過(guò)斗爭(zhēng)。）可知，上文部分解釋了這與艙內(nèi)的壓力使得味蕾、鼻腔都發(fā)生變化有關(guān)。這種情況跟我們感冒時(shí)吃東西總感覺(jué)沒(méi)有味道的情況類(lèi)似。由此可知，我們不能根據(jù)自身原因來(lái)評(píng)判食物。故D項(xiàng)“一個(gè)病人遠(yuǎn)不是食品質(zhì)量的最佳評(píng)判者?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。19．設(shè)空處小標(biāo)題處，可起到概括總結(jié)的作用。根據(jù)下文“Badfoodcan’tbeblamedmerelyonthein-cabinconditionstoo.It’salsopossiblethatthefoodisactuallybad.Duetofoodsafetystandards,allmealsmustbecookedonthegroundandunbreakable.”（糟糕的食物也不能僅僅歸咎于機(jī)艙內(nèi)的狀況。也有可能食物實(shí)際上是壞的。根據(jù)食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，所有的飯菜都必須在地上烹調(diào)，而且不易碎。）可知，艙內(nèi)生產(chǎn)食物的方式跟一般情況是有所不同的。故選A項(xiàng)。20．根據(jù)后文“Apparently,chefshavebeentryingtoadaptrecipesinhowfoodtastesathighaltitudes.Everyoneneedstobepatientuntilbettersolutionsformassfoodproductionarefound.”（顯然，廚師們一直在努力調(diào)整食譜，以適應(yīng)高海拔地區(qū)食物的口味。在找到更好的大規(guī)模食品生產(chǎn)解決方案之前，每個(gè)人都需要耐心。）可知，我們不能在飛機(jī)上使用與地面上相同的食譜，所以廚師著手改進(jìn)配方。G項(xiàng)“基本上，我們不能使用與地面上相同的航空餐點(diǎn)食譜。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。7.【江蘇省鹽城市、南京市2023年高三調(diào)研試題】Complainingisoftenlookedatasanegative,butifyouperfectitgreatthingscanhappen.____16____Articlesandexpertsinsistthattoomuchcomplainingwillloweryourempathy(共情)andstopyouachievingyourdreamandlivingthelifeyouwant.Theysuggestthatyoucutoutnegativityfromyourlife,especiallypeoplewhocomplain.ButhumanslovetocomplainIknowthisbecauseIgetpaidtositwithpeoplewhiletheycomplainandprocesseveryweek.____17____Oncewediscoverhowtoeffectivelyintegrateit,greatthingscanhappen.DrRobinKowalskifoundthosewhocomplainwiththehopesofachievingacertainresulttendtobehappier.Complainingalsoinfluenceshowpeopleseeus,createssocialbonds,encouragesempathyandhelpscreaterealchanges.Itplaysaveryimportantroleinourlivesandisaskillthatcanbeextremelyeffective.____18____Soherearesomewaystodealwiththeartofcomplaininginaskillfulway.1.Clarifyandorganizeyourcomplaints.Itwillgetyourcomplaintsacrosstoothersmoreeasily.2.Workoutwhocangiveyouahand.____19____Pickthosewhocanempathizewithyouorhelpwithyourgoal.3.Makeconnectionswithothers.Itwouldbepossibleforpeopletoknowwhatyouneeded.Concludefromspecificthingsabove,andourcomplainingismuchmorelikelytofeelusefulandeffective:?Usefactsandlogic.?Identifywhohastheabilitytomakeithappen.?____20____Whateveryourcomplaining,it’llmakeforyourimprovementwhenusedcorrectlyandeffectively.A．Getridofyourbittercomplaints.B．Don’tcomplaintothesamepeople.C．Actually,complaininghasabadreputation.D．Socializewithotherstomakecomplaintsaccessible.E．Complainingdoesserveasarealpurposeinourlives.F．However,theinfluencesofcomplainingarenotnecessarilybeneficialtousall.G．Ourgoalisnottoremovecomplaining,butmakeitmoreusefulandeffective.【答案】16．C

17．E

18．G

19．B

20．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是如果我們對(duì)通常被看做消極的抱怨進(jìn)行完善的話就會(huì)有美好的事情發(fā)生。16．空處位于句首，應(yīng)為本段內(nèi)容的概括。根據(jù)空前“Complainingisoftenlookedatasanegative,butifyouperfectitgreatthingscanhappen.(抱怨通常被看作是消極的，但如果你完善它，美好的事情就會(huì)發(fā)生。)”可知雖然抱怨被認(rèn)為是不好的，但是如果你對(duì)其進(jìn)行完善的話，其實(shí)抱怨也會(huì)讓好事發(fā)生，根據(jù)空后“Articlesandexpertsinsistthattoomuchcomplainingwillloweryourempathy(共情)andstopyouachievingyourdreamandlivingthelifeyouwant.(文章和專家堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，太多的抱怨會(huì)降低你的同理心，阻止你實(shí)現(xiàn)你的夢(mèng)想，過(guò)上你想要的生活。）”可知專家們認(rèn)為抱怨是不好的，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是雖然抱怨可以讓好事發(fā)生，但是實(shí)際上抱怨通常讓人覺(jué)得不好，C項(xiàng)Actually,complaininghasabadreputation.(事實(shí)上，抱怨的名聲不好。)指出實(shí)際上抱怨的名聲很差，承接上文，引出下文，概括本段的主要內(nèi)容，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。17．空處位于句首，應(yīng)為本段內(nèi)容的概括。根據(jù)空前“Oncewediscoverhowtoeffectivelyintegrateit,greatthingscanhappen.DrRobinKowalskifoundthosewhocomplainwiththehopesofachievingacertainresulttendtobehappier.(一旦我們發(fā)現(xiàn)如何有效地整合它，美好的事情就會(huì)發(fā)生。RobinKowalski博士發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些為了達(dá)到某種目的而抱怨的人往往更快樂(lè)。)”可知如果我們?yōu)榱诉_(dá)到某個(gè)目標(biāo)而進(jìn)行合理的抱怨，那么我們會(huì)變得更開(kāi)心，由此可以推出抱怨確實(shí)有一些作用，所以空處應(yīng)該講抱怨的用途是什么，E項(xiàng)Complainingdoesserveasarealpurposeinourlives.(抱怨確實(shí)是我們生活中的一個(gè)真正的目的。)指出抱怨確實(shí)是我們生活的一個(gè)真實(shí)目的，對(duì)本段進(jìn)行了概括，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。18．根據(jù)空前“Itplaysaveryimportantroleinourlivesandisaskillthatcanbeextremelyeffective.(它在我們的生活中扮演著非常重要的角色，是一種非常有效的技能。)”可知抱怨在生活中確實(shí)很重要，根據(jù)空后“Soherearesomewaystodealwiththeartofcomplaininginaskillfulway.(因此，這里有一些巧妙地處理抱怨藝術(shù)的方法。)”可知此處是在給出一些如何讓抱怨變得有意義的建議，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是我們要學(xué)會(huì)正確對(duì)待抱怨，G項(xiàng)Ourgoalisnottoremovecomplaining,butmakeitmoreusefulandeffective.(我們的目標(biāo)不是消除抱怨，而是讓它更有用、更有效。)指出對(duì)待抱怨我們的目的不是消除，而是讓它更加有意義，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。19．根據(jù)空前“Workoutwhocangiveyouahand.(找出誰(shuí)能幫到你。)”可知我們要找到能幫助自己的人，根據(jù)空后“Pickthosewhocanempathizewithyouorhelpwithyourgoal.(選擇那些能同情你或幫助你實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的人。)”可知我們要選擇能夠和自己共情的人進(jìn)行抱怨，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是不要一直對(duì)同一個(gè)人幫不了你的人進(jìn)行抱怨，B項(xiàng)Don’tcomplaintothesamepeople.(不要向同一個(gè)人抱怨。)指出不能一直對(duì)同一個(gè)人抱怨，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。20．空處為本段主題句，應(yīng)對(duì)空后內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概括。根據(jù)空后“Whateveryourcomplaining,it’llmakeforyourimprovementwhenusedcorrectlyandeffectively.(無(wú)論你抱怨什么，如果正確有效地使用，它都會(huì)有助于你的進(jìn)步。)”可知此處講的是應(yīng)該與別人多聯(lián)系，所以空處應(yīng)該是與社交有關(guān)的主題句，D項(xiàng)Socializewithotherstomakecomplaintsaccessible.(與他人交往，讓抱怨成為可能。)”告訴我們要和別人進(jìn)行交往，從而讓抱怨成為一種可能，概括本段主要內(nèi)容，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。8.【遼寧省東北育才學(xué)校五校2023年高三聯(lián)考試題】Thissummer,asthecapitalofEnglandbecamewarmerthanbefore,therehasbeenmanystoriesfrompeopleexperiencingoddinsectbites.___16______17___And,astheSpacesongsaid,thefemalesofthesespeciesaremoredeadlythanthemales,beingtheonesthatseekoutanimal