2021年上海市牛津版初三英語自招沖刺講義（非謂語+完型填空+試卷訓(xùn)練3） - S

自招英語教師輔導(dǎo)教案學(xué)員編號：年級：初三課時數(shù)：3學(xué)員姓名：輔導(dǎo)科目：英語學(xué)科教師：課程主題：初三自招沖刺講義（非謂語+完型填空+試卷訓(xùn)練3）授課時間：學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)教學(xué)內(nèi)容1.______（surround）byalotofnewsmen,thenewly-electedmayorofthecityfelthehadtosaysomething.（13浦東二模）2.______（become）asuccessfulinvestor,afreshbusinessmanshouldconducthimselfinanappropriatebusinesslikemanner.（13浦東二模）3._____（complete）theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.（13普陀二模）4.Manychildrenhaveformedthehabitofreadingbut_____（nottake）efficientnotesmeanwhile.（13普陀二模）5.MichaelputupapictureofJeremyLinbesidethebedtokeephimself_____（remind）ofhisowndreams.（13普陀二模）6.Thereasonwhywesetup“agreenresponsibilitycard”istogiveafeelingofaccomplishmenttopeople_____（involve）.非謂語形式構(gòu)成特征和作用時態(tài)和語態(tài)否定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不定式todotobedoingt

hav

donetobedonetohavebeendone在非謂語前加notforsb.todosth.具有名詞，副詞和形容詞的作用在句中做主、賓、定、表、補(bǔ)和狀語分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone具有副詞和形容詞的作用在句中做定、表、賓補(bǔ)和狀語過去分詞done動名詞doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendonesb’doing具有名詞的作用在句中做主、賓、定和表語（一）非謂語基礎(chǔ)知識點(diǎn)一、非謂語動詞的分類、意義及構(gòu)成：1.做賓語的非謂語動詞比較：情況常用動詞只接不定式做賓語的動詞hope,want,offer,long,fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen,demand,refuse,learn,choose只接動名詞做賓語的動詞或短語mind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,deny，prevent,keep,avoid,risk,resist,consider（考慮）can’thelp,feellike,succeedin,befondof,objectto,getdownto,beengagedin,insiston,thinkof,beproudof,takepridein,setabout,beafraidof,betiredof,lookforwardto,devoteoneselfto,beworth,bebusy,payattentionto,stickto兩者都可以意義基本相同begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue（接不定式多指具體的動作，接動名詞多指一般或習(xí)慣行為）need,want,require（接動名詞主動形式表示被動意義，若接不定式則應(yīng)用被動形式）意義相反stoptodo停止手中事，去做另一件事stopdoing停止正在做的事意義不同remember/forget/regrettodo（指動作尚未發(fā)生）remember/forget/regretdoing（指動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）goontodo（接著做另外一件事）goondoing（接著做同一件事）trytodo（設(shè)法，努力去做，盡力）trydoing（試試去做，看有何結(jié)果）meantodo（打算做，企圖做）meandoing（意識是，意味著）can’thelptodo（不能幫忙做）can’thelpdoing（忍不住要做）2.非謂語動詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別：常見動詞與賓語的邏輯關(guān)系及時間概念例句不定式ask,beg,expect,get,order,tell,want,wish,encourage主謂關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)動作將發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成Weshouldencouragestudentstofindthemistakesbythemselves.Iheardhimcallmeseveraltimes.have,notice,see,watch,hear,feel,let,make現(xiàn)在分詞notice,see,watch,hear,find,keep,have,feel主謂關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行，尚未完成Ifoundherlisteningtotheradio.過去分詞動賓關(guān)系。動作已經(jīng)完成，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.3.非謂語動詞做定語的區(qū)別：區(qū)別舉例不定式與被修飾詞往往有動賓關(guān)系，一般式表示將來，進(jìn)行式表示與謂語動作同時發(fā)生，完成式表示在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生Ihavealotofpaperstotype.Ihavealotofpaperstobetyped.動名詞通常指被修飾詞的用途，無邏輯上的任何關(guān)系Shallwegototheswimmingpool?現(xiàn)在分詞與被修飾詞之間是主謂關(guān)系，表示動作與謂語動作同時發(fā)生theboilingwater/theboiledwaterthedevelopingcountry/thedevelopedcountrythefallingleaves/thefallenleaves過去分詞與被修飾詞之間是被動關(guān)系，表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前，現(xiàn)已經(jīng)完成4.非謂語動詞做主語和表語的區(qū)別：區(qū)別舉例不定式多表示一個特定的具體的將來的動作，做主語時可以借助于it把不定式移到句子后面。做表語有時可和主語交換位置，而且意義不變，并且還能用what來提問主語或表語。Mydreamistobecomeateacher.Toobeythelawisimportant.(dream,business,wish,idea,plan,duty,task做主語時常用)動名詞與不定式的功能區(qū)別不大，然而它更接近于名詞，表示的動作比較抽象，或者泛指習(xí)慣性的動作，有時也可以用it做形式主語，做表語時可以和主語互換位置。Itisnousesayingthatagainandagain.Teachingismyjob.分詞無名詞的性質(zhì)，不能做主語。但是有形容詞的性質(zhì)，可以做表語，多表明主語的特征性質(zhì)或者狀態(tài)等，可被very,quite,rather等副詞修飾?，F(xiàn)在分詞多含有“令人…”之意，說明主語的性質(zhì)特征，多表示主動，主語多為物。過去分詞一般表示被動或主語所處的狀態(tài)，含有“感到…”之意，主語多是人。Thesituationisencouraging.Thebookiswellwritten.(常見分詞有astonishing,moving,tiring,disappointing,puzzling,shocking,boring,amusing及其-ed形式)5.非謂語動詞做狀語的區(qū)別:區(qū)別舉例不定式VS分詞1)分詞作狀語一般表示伴隨，而不定式常常表示目的。2)分詞作狀語放在句子開頭，除表示原因之外有時表示時間或條件。動詞不定式作狀語時，除了表示目的以外，還表示結(jié)果或原因。3）下面一些句型是不定式做狀語時候應(yīng)該注意的：

a：not/nevertoo…to,too…notto,but/onlytoo…to,tooready/eager/apt/inclinedto表示肯定意義

b：做結(jié)果狀語的不定式只能出現(xiàn)在句子的末尾，常見的不定式動詞有：find,hear,see,betold,form,give,make,produce等。

c：不定式做狀語時，其邏輯主語一般為句子的主語，否則用for引導(dǎo)主語。Theystoodbytheroadsidetalkingabouttheplan．(伴隨)

Theystoodbytheroadsidetotalkabouttheplan．(目的)

Readingattentively，heforgotthetimeforlunch．(原因)

Readingcarefully，hefoundsomethinghehadnotknownbefore．(時間)

Readingcarefully，you'lllearnsomethingnew．(條件)

Hisfamilywastoopoortosupporthim．(結(jié)果)

Theboyisnottallenoughtoreachthebookshelf．(結(jié)果)

Wearegladtohearthenews．(原因)動名詞不作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞VS過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語與過去分詞做狀語的最主要區(qū)別在于兩者與所修飾的主語的主動與被動關(guān)系的區(qū)別。

1）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，現(xiàn)在分詞的動作就是句子主語的動作，它們之間的關(guān)系是主動關(guān)系。

2）過去分詞作狀語時，過去分詞表示的動作是句子主語承受的動作，它們之間的關(guān)系是被動關(guān)系。

Hewentout，shuttingthedoorbehindhim.

Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.

Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.

Facedwithdifficulties,wemusttrytoovercomethem.非謂語動詞考點(diǎn)小結(jié)二、動名詞?？急赜浺c(diǎn)歸納1.以下動詞和動詞短語后只能接動名詞：常用動詞：finish,mind,suggest,keep,enjoy,practice,consider,excuse,miss,escape,resist,allow,permit,imagine,risk,delay,forbid,appreciate,understand動詞短語：giveup,insiston,lookforwardto,itis(no)good(use,harm),objectto（反對），getdownto,devoteoneselfto,spend…doing,prevent…(from)…,waste…doing,have(no)difficulty(in)doing,stickto,keep…from,stop…from2.接不定式、動名詞意義不同的動詞和結(jié)構(gòu)：stoptodo/stopdoing停下來做……/停止做…….remembertodo/rememberdoing記住要去做……/記得曾做過……forgettodo/forgetdoing忘記去做……/忘記曾做過……trytodo/trydoing努力（盡力）做……/試著做……regrettodo/regretdoing遺憾地去做……/后悔做過……meantodo/meandoing打算做……/意味著做……wanttodo/wantdoing想做……/需要被做……goontodo/goondoing接著做另一件事/接著做未做完的同一事 liketodo/likedoing喜歡做……（非經(jīng)常性）/喜歡做（指習(xí)慣，愛好）.feellikedoing/wouldliketodo想做……/（要做……）setaboutdoing/setouttodo開始做……preferdoing/prefertodo喜歡做……prefer+doingto+doingwouldrather+dothan+do寧愿……而不愿preferto+doratherthan+dousedto+do過去經(jīng)常做……beusedto+do被用來做……be/getusedtodoing養(yǎng)成做……習(xí)慣can’thelp(to)+do不能幫助做……can’thelpdoing止不住地做……can’thelpbut+do不得不cannotchoosebut+do=cannotbutdo3.動名詞的兩個結(jié)構(gòu)（即否定結(jié)構(gòu)和復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)），否定結(jié)構(gòu)是not+動名詞；復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是：代詞賓格（形容詞性物主代詞）+動名詞名詞（名詞所有格）注：該結(jié)構(gòu)置于句首時（作主語），只能用括號中間的結(jié)構(gòu)。作賓語兩者均可。例：1)Theyfeltsorryfornotarrivingintime.（沒能及時到達(dá)，他們感到很抱歉。）2)Doyoumindmy/meopeningthewindow?（我打開窗你介意嗎？）Ourgoingthereisallowed.（我們獲準(zhǔn)去那里。）【注意在句首不能用us】4.動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)主動被動用法一般式doingbeingdone發(fā)生在謂語后等完成式havingdonehavingbeendone發(fā)生在謂語前動詞need、want、require后用動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義（=tobe+過去分詞）。例：Thebabywantswashing.(=tobewashed)6.在worth后用動名詞主動形式，在worthy后用動名詞被動形式。例：Thefilmisworthseeing.=Thefilmisworthyofbeingseen.=Thefilmisworthytobeseen.to后接動詞時，to是不定式符號，應(yīng)該接原形動詞，to是介詞應(yīng)要接動名詞。這一點(diǎn)一定要判斷清楚。在“getdownto開始做……；lookforwardto…盼望……；stickto…堅持做……；leadto…導(dǎo)致……；devoteoneselfto…獻(xiàn)身于……；tobedevotedto…獻(xiàn)身于……；payattentionto…注意……；objectto反對做……”中，to都是介詞，其后面應(yīng)該接動名詞。8.介詞后一般接動名詞。indoing…在做……過程中；ondoing…一……就……；beforedoing…在做……之前；afterdoing…在做……之后；withoutdoing沒做……不定式常考必記要點(diǎn)歸納下列動詞或動詞短語后接不定式：agree,seem,appear,offer,happen,wish,hope,pay,expect,long,plan,intend,promise,pretend,decide,afford,manage,choose,besaidto,wouldliketo等。不定式常用的句型：too…todo（太……而不能）,…enoughtodo…（夠……就能……）,soastodo/inordertodo（為了……），so…astodo/such…astodo（如此……結(jié)果……）。在這些常用句型中，注意soasto/inorderto，前一個不能用于句首，而inorderto既可放在句首，也可放在句尾。so…asto與such…asto的區(qū)別是：so后一般接形容詞或副詞、可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（so+adj.+a/an+n.）?！皊uch”后一般接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式（such+a/an+adj.+n.）。不定式的三個結(jié)構(gòu)：即否定結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和疑問結(jié)構(gòu)。否定結(jié)構(gòu)為“not(never)todo”；疑問結(jié)構(gòu)是特殊疑問詞“how(what,which,who,whether…)todo”；復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是“for/of+名詞（或代詞賓格）+todo”。4.不定式的三個時態(tài)形式和兩個被動語態(tài)形式（可記憶為三時兩語）主動式被動式一般時todotobedone進(jìn)行時tobedoing無完成時tohavedonetohavebeendonelet/make/have/see/hear/notice/observe/listento/lookat/watch/feel這些動詞帶不定式作賓補(bǔ)時，省掉to,若這些動詞以被動形式出現(xiàn)時，應(yīng)加上to。動詞help后面作賓補(bǔ)的不定式可省略to，也可加to。例：Isawhimgoupstairs.被動形式是:Hewasseentogoupstairs.6.當(dāng)前面是thefirst,thesecond,thelast,need,plan,time,chance,right,determination,ability,opportunity（機(jī)會），way時，一般用不定式作定語。例如：A)Itistimetogetup.（該起床了。）B)Hedidn'thaveachancetogotoschoolbeforeliberation.（解放前，他沒有機(jī)會去上學(xué)。）but/except+todo/do結(jié)構(gòu)，要根據(jù)謂語動詞來確定其后面的形式。當(dāng)謂語動詞是do,does,did時，but后用動詞原形；謂語動詞是其他動詞時，but后用“to+動詞原形”的形式。8.不定式的邏輯主語要與主語保持一致Tostudyaforeignlanguage,practiceisneeded.這個句子邏輯主語不一致，應(yīng)改為：Tostudyaforeignlanguage,oneneedspractice.學(xué)習(xí)外語需要操練。9.形容詞后一般用不定式（除busy,worth兩個外）例如：A)Youaresuretosucceed.（你一定能成功。）B)I’msorrytohavegivenyoualotoftrouble.（對不起，給你帶來那么多麻煩。）C)Heisbusypreparinghislessonsatpresent.（他現(xiàn)在正忙于預(yù)習(xí)功課。）10.不定式作定語和表語時，有時需要在后面放上一個適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。A)Thisisabenchtositon.（這是用來坐的凳子。）B)Thisroomiscomfortabletolivein.（這個房間住起來很舒適。）11.在“主語+系動詞+adj.+不定式”這個句型中，當(dāng)主語是不定式的邏輯賓語時，不定式不用被動，不能在動詞后再放賓語。例：Thequestioniseasytoanswer.（question是answer的賓語，不能說：Thequestioniseasytobeanswered.也不能說：Thequestioniseasytoanswerit.）12.不定式的動詞與前面的動詞一致時，可以省掉該動詞，但to不能省掉；其后如是be或have等詞時，一般不能省。分詞常考必記要點(diǎn)歸納1.現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法區(qū)別。它們的用法主要是根據(jù)動詞是及物還是不及物來確定，不及物動詞根據(jù)動作完成的程度，及物動詞根據(jù)語態(tài)來確定。列表如下：分分詞動詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞vi.表示動作進(jìn)行表示動作完成vt.表示主動表示被動2.分詞的兩個結(jié)構(gòu)否定結(jié)構(gòu)：not+分詞例如：Nothavingknownhisaddress,Ididn’twritetohim.復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）有兩種形式：（1）名詞（代詞主格）+分詞（只作狀語）（2）with+名詞（代詞賓格）+分詞（作狀語或定語）例：1)Theday’sworkdone,theywenthome.他們做完一天的工作就回家了。Hesattherewithhisfeetpointingtoothers.他坐在那兒把腳指向別人。3.現(xiàn)在分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)形式，以動詞do為例列表如下：語語態(tài)時態(tài)主動被動用法一般式doingbeingdone（正在被）同時/后發(fā)生完成式Havingdonehavingbeendone（已被）先發(fā)生注：①現(xiàn)在分詞完成時態(tài)的被動結(jié)構(gòu)有時等于一個過去分詞（即havingbeendone=done）。②現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時態(tài)不能作表語、定語和賓補(bǔ)，只放在狀語的位置上。③現(xiàn)在分詞一般時態(tài)的被動結(jié)構(gòu)（being+v.-ed）表示“正在被”之意，而在動名詞中只表示被動?！笆埂趺礃印敝惖膭釉~（amuse,astonish,excite,frighten,interest,move,relax,satisfy,shock,surprise,encourage,disappoint,puzzle,tire,please,inspire,terrify,worry），它們的ing形式表示主動，而過去分詞表示被動。一般情況下“人”用過去分詞，“物”用ing形式。5.分詞和不定式都作狀語，其區(qū)別是分詞作狀語表示時間、原因、條件、伴隨、方式和說明，而不定式表示目的和結(jié)果，關(guān)鍵是體會句意之間關(guān)系。例1.TheirgrandfatherlivedtheliberationofChina.(tosee/seeing)_inBeijing,Ivisitedmanyhistoricspots.(Tostay/Staying)6.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)放在句首不能誤當(dāng)成并列句，分詞作狀語放在句末不能誤當(dāng)成并列謂語。Therebeingnobuses,wehadtowalkhome.Thestudentsworkedinthefields,_____.(laughedandtalked,/laughingandtalking).為了使概念更明確，在分詞前可以用when,while,if,once,unless,asif,than,as這些連詞。例Iwillgoifinvited(=ifIaminvited).8.常用幾個動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)及意義Want+doing（表示被動）/wantsthtobedone（表示被動）wantsbtodo（表示主動）Makesthdone（表示被動）/makesb.do（表示主動）Havesth+todo（有……可做）+sb+do（叫某人做…）+sth+done（叫別人做…）+sb+doing（讓……一直做……）Getsbtodo（叫……馬上做……）sthdone叫（別人）做……=havesthdonesbtodo（叫某人做……）/doingCatch+賓語+doing（看見某人在做……）seat/dress這兩個動詞后如有賓語用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之用過去分詞。include/consider這兩個動詞如果放在名詞之前用現(xiàn)在分詞，名詞之后用過去分詞。missing/remaining作“丟失的”和“剩下的”講，只有現(xiàn)在分詞形式；left作“剩下的”講只能放名詞后或代詞后。例如：Wewentthere,includingourboss./Wewentthere,ourbossincluded.10.一些只用現(xiàn)在分詞形式的固定結(jié)構(gòu)：generally/seriouslyspeaking,judgingfrom(by)…但totellthetruth,tobesure,tobeexact要用不定式。spokenEnglish是“英語口語”，而English-speaking是“講英語的……”后面一般接名詞，它是個形容詞。12.open作形容詞用是“開著的”，而“關(guān)著的”是closed。形容詞close是指“距離”，不是“關(guān)著的”意思。Heusedtosleepwithallthewindowsopen.比較：Heusedtosleepwithallthewindowsclosed.13.幾組易錯的現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞lievi.laylainlying躺liev.liedliedlying撒謊layvi.laidlaidlaying放；下蛋foundvt.foundedfounded成立findvt.foundfound發(fā)現(xiàn)Windwoundwound盤旋蜿蜒Woundwoundedwounded受傷riseviroserisen上升raisevt.raisedraised上升fallvi.fellfallen落下feelvt.feltfelt摸；感覺hangvihunghung懸掛hangvt.hangedhanged絞死lightvt.lit（一般作謂語）lightlighted（作定語）燃著的burnvt./viburnt燒焦的，burning正在燃燒的（二）完型填空完形填空這種題型，目的在于測試學(xué)生利用已知信息恢復(fù)不完整語言材料的能力，進(jìn)而考查學(xué)生的語言能力：作為選拔性考試，它具有較高信度、效度和必要的區(qū)分度以及一定的難度。重點(diǎn)在于綜合考查考蘭主的詞匯和語法等基礎(chǔ)知識以及閱讀和寫作等語言運(yùn)用能力。題型特點(diǎn)： 1．選材多為具有一定故事情節(jié)的記敘文或是敘議結(jié)合、以敘為主、富有哲理的論說文。它選用真實世界中的語言材料，考查考生使用語言進(jìn)行信息獲取和社會交際的能力，對心理問題、校園生活、奇聞軼事等；熱點(diǎn)話題繼續(xù)關(guān)注。字?jǐn)?shù)上，完形填空短文詞數(shù)在240-320之間。2．所選短文一般無標(biāo)題，但首句通常不設(shè)奎，目的是讓學(xué)生熟悉語言環(huán)境，迅速進(jìn)入主題，對文章有宏觀和整體。勝的把握，建立正確的思維導(dǎo)：向。正文中通常挖去20個詞（組），通常不會出現(xiàn)兩個空格前后相連或同一句子挖空超過三個Ff勺情況。挖去的詞匯以實詞為主，虛詞為輔。解題方法：1．耐心精讀開頭首句，并圈劃一些帶著感。『青色彩的形容詞或副詞，理解語段的基調(diào)，比如：popular,warm-hearted,poor,homeless;2．結(jié)合自己的語感，語感可以分為句感和詞感。句感是通過梳理分析句子本身的不同成分以及成分之間的關(guān)系來慢慢提高；詞感是通過尋找并揣摩文章中各個句子之間相同詞性的單詞之間的聯(lián)系來慢慢提高；3．識別短語搭配，運(yùn)用語法理順上下文關(guān)系；4．通讀三遍，細(xì)心檢查，避免疏漏。（例題一）Myprevioushomehadastandofwoodsbehinditandmanyanimalsinthebackyard.Thatfirstyear,I1feedingpeanutstothebluejays,thenthesquirrels.Thesquirrelshadno2cominguprighttomeforthem.Asthemonthswentby,therabbitssawthatIwasno3anddidn’tescape.WhenIthrewcarrotslices(薄片),theyevencameforanibble(啃).Slowlytheycameto4me,andbytheendoftheyeartheywereeatingoutofmyhand.Thatsecondyear,therabbits5me,andonewouldevensitupforslices!WhileIwasfeedingthem,I6thatagroundhogwhousedtorunawaywasnowtakingan7interestinthisfoodsituation.Icarefullyextendedalong8,withakeeneyeonthoseteeth,and9,thereweretimesIwouldhavethegroundhogsittingnexttoarabbit,bothmunching(津津有味地咀嚼)oncarrots.Afewmonthslater,while10,shewouldeventurnherbacktome.11whenshewasfacingaway,Ireachedoutand12scratched(搔)herbackwithmyfinger.Shedidn'tmove.Byyearthree,therabbitsandthegroundhogwereback.Thegroundhog13didn'thaveaproblemwithmescratchingherback,andIgotanidea.I'dalways14,whileslicingupcarrots,thattheendlookedlikeacap.15oneday,justtoseewhatshewoulddo,Igently16oneontopofthegroundhog'shead.Again,nota17.Thenexttime,Ihadmycamerareadytorecordwhatyouseehere,oneofseveraldozensuchpictures.18shehadaslicetoeat,shenever19theoneonherhead.Itwasafair20-Igotapleasure,andshehadyetanothertastytreat.()1.A.avoidedB.startedC.canceledD.suggested()2.A.businessB.funC.problemD.privilege()3.A.helpB.cheatC.threatD.exception()4.A.trustB.missC.admireD.appreciate()5.A.fearedB.ignoredC.discoveredD.remembered()6.A.provedB.decidedC.noticedD.understood()7.A.extremeB.increasingC.additionalD.inspiring()8.A.squirrelB.rabbitC.peanutD.carrot()9.A.beforelongB.longagoC.overandoverD.alloveragain()10.A.eatingB.playingC.sittingD.sleeping()11.A.NextB.OnceC.SoonD.Lately()12.A.carefullyB.suddenlyC.violentlyD.patiently()13.A.alsoB.thusC.justD.still()14.A.thoughtB.doubtedC.admittedD.recognized()15.A.WhileB.OrC.SoD.For()16.A.fixedB.placedC.hungD.kept()17.A.trembleB.moveC.delayD.hesitation()18.A.EvenifB.EvensinceC.AsfarasD.Aslongas()19.A.welcomedB.requiredC.botheredD.expected()20.A.tradeB.competitionC.taskD.affair【例題精講】例1.【★★★】Findinghercarstolen,____A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelp B.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhere D.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp例2.【★★★】Thebell____theendoftheperiodrang,____ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interrupting B.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interrupted D.indicated;interrupted例3.【★★★】Though____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lacked B.lackingof C.lacking D.lackedin例4.【★★★】Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknown B.havingbeenknown C.tobeknown D.known例5.【★★】Itisbelievedthatifabookis____,itwillsurely____thereader.A.interested;interest B.interesting;beinterestedC.interested;beinteresting D.interesting;interest例6.★★★】Generallyspeaking,____accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentaking B.whentaken C.whentotake D.whentobetaken例7.【★★】AccordingtoarecentUSsurvey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek____TV.A.towatch B.towatching C.watching D.watch例8【★★】Theflowers____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmell B.smelling C.smelt D.tobesmelt例9.【★★★】Thedisc,digitally____inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recorded B.recording C.toberecorded D.havingrecorded例10.【★★★】Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,____.A.doctorscametotheirrescue B.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastaken D.warningsweregiventotourists例11.【★★★】____intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.A.Put B.Putting C.Havingput D.Beingput例12.【★★★】MoreandmorepeoplearesigningupforYogaclassesnowadays,____advantageofthehealthandrelaxationbenefits.A.taking B.taken C.havingtaken D.havingbeentaken例13【★★】RussandEarlwereautomechanics____thesamepay,butEarlhadmoreambition.A.toearn B.tohaveearned C.earning D.earned例14【★★★】____automatically,thee-mailwillbereceivedbyalltheclubmembers.A.Mailedout B.Mailingout C.Tobemailedout D.Havingmailedout例15.（）【★★】Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismother’svoice____him.A.calling B.called C.beingcalled D.tocall例16.★★★】TheTownHall____inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.A.tobecompleted B.havingbeencompletedC.completed D.beingcompleted例17.【★★★】In2010,itwasestimatedthatabout400villageshopsclosed,_____(urge)thelocalgovernmenttogivefinancialsupporttostrugglingshopsorset-upnewcommunitystores.考點(diǎn)要求：1.非謂語動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)；2.非謂語動詞的否定式；3.不定式符號的省略及疑問結(jié)構(gòu)；4.動詞不定式的各種形式及應(yīng)用；5.-ing結(jié)構(gòu)的各種形式及應(yīng)用；6.-ed結(jié)構(gòu)在句中的不同用法；7.非謂語動詞作賓語、定語、表語等的辨析；8.非謂語動詞的固定結(jié)構(gòu)或習(xí)慣用法等。沖刺四校自招5套精析版模擬卷（5）一、單選：1._____________,hewroteanovelwhichissetinShanghai_______________.Inhisthirty;in1930Inhisthirties;in1930sInhisthirties;inthe1930sInhisthirtieth;inthe1930’s2.Weneed_____tendaysandfive_______helperstofinishthetaskontime.A.other;more B.another;more C.more;other D.more;another3.____________thefishinthisriverhas__________dramaticallyduetotheseriouspollution.A.Thenumberof;decreased B.Anumberof;decreasedC.Thenumberof;increased D.Anamountof;increasd4.MustIgotothemedicalschoolandbeadoctorlikeyou,Dad?No,you________,son.You’refreetomakeyourowndecision.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t5._____totakepartinthisadventureactivitywillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.A.Braveenoughstudents B.Enoughbravestudents C.Studentsbraveenough D.Studentsenoughbrave6．_________hestayedinGermanyforhalfayearandhewillgotoGermany_________again.A.Beforelong;beforelongB.Longbefore;longbeforeC.Beforelong;longbeforeD.Longbefore;beforelong7．Nowhehas_________money,andcandoanythinghewantsto.A.agreatnumberof B．a(chǎn)greatmanyofC．a(chǎn)largeamountof D．a(chǎn)goodplentyof8．Shehasbeenworkingharddayandnight,whichofcourse,_______herpaleface.A.accountsfor B.standsfor C.goesfor D.answerfor9．Toour______,Frank’sillnessprovednottobeasseriousaswehadfeared.A.anxiety B.relief C.view D.judgement10．Althoughheisateenager,Fredcanresist______whattodoandwhatnottodo.A.telling B.beingtold C.totell D.tobetold二、Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.approachesB.shapeC.previouslyD.evidentE.secretsF.dateG.hardlyH.remainsI.irrelevantJ.potentialK.particularlySwedishArchaeologistsMakeNewDiscoveriesArchaeologistshavebegunexploringanunknownancientcityatavillagecalledVlochós,fivehoursnorthofAthens.Thearchaeological__1__arescatteredonandaroundtheStrongilovoúnihillonthegreatThessalianplainsandcanbetracedtoseveralhistoricalperiods.“Whatusedtobeconsideredremainsofsome__2__settlementcannowbeupgradedtoremainsofacityofhighersignificancethan__3__thought,”saysRobinR?nnlund,PhDstudentinClassicalArchaeologyandAncientHistoryattheUniversityofGothenburgandleaderofthefieldwork.“Wecameacrossthesitewhichhasneverbeenexploredbeforeinconnectionwithanotherprojectlastyearandrealizedthegreat__4__rightaway.”WorkingtogetherwiththeSwedishInstituteatAthensandthelocalarchaeologicalserviceinKarditsa,theVlochósArchaeologicalProject(VLAP)wasstartedwithanaimtoexploretheremains.Theproject’sresearchteamcompletedthefirstfieldseasonduringtwoweeksinSeptember2016.R?nnlundsaysthatthehillishidingmany__5__.Remainsoftowers,wallsandcitygatescanbefoundonthemountaintopandslopes,but__6__anythingisvisibleonthegroundbelow.Theambitionistoavoiddiggingandinsteaduse__7__suchasground-penetratingradar.Thiswillenabletheteamtoleavethesiteinthesame__8__asitwasinwhentheyarrived.Thesuccessofthismethodis__9__fromtheresultsofthefirstfieldseason:“Wefoundatownsquareandastreetnetworkthatindicatethatwearedealingwithquitealargecity.Theareainsidethecitywallmeasuresover40hectares.Wealsofoundancientpotteryandcoinsthatcanhelpto__10__thecity.Ouroldestfindsarefromaround500BC,butthecityseemstohaveflourishedmainlyfromthefourthtothethirdcenturyBCbeforeitwasabandonedforsomereason,maybeinconnectionwiththeRomanconquestofthearea.”R?nnlundbelievesthattheSwedish-GreekprojectcanprovideimportantcluesastowhathappenedduringthisviolentperiodinGreekhistory.三、Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.WhyCollegeIsNotHomeThecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy(自主性)andthedevelopmentofadultidentity.However,nowtheyarebecomingan__1__periodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday’sstudentsarenotshoulderedwithadult__2__.Inthepasttwodecades,continuedconnectionwithand__3__onfamily,thankstocellphones,emailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Someparentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomy,universitieshave__4__totheideathattheyshouldprovidethesameenvironmentasthatofthehome.Toprepareforincreasedautonomyandresponsibility,collegeneedstobeatimeof__5__andexperimentation.Thisprocessinvolves“tryingon”newwaysofthinkingaboutoneselfbothintellectuallyandpersonally.__6__weshouldprovide“safespaces”withincolleges,wemustalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsandchallengemajorityviews.__7__growthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebateandquestioning.Learningtodealwiththe__8__worldisequallyimportant.Becauseacollegecommunity(群體)differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseof__9__.Ifstudentsrelyonadministratorsto__10__theirsocialbehaviorandthinkingpattern,theyarenotfacingthechallengeoffindinganidentitywithinalargerandcomplexcommunity.__11__,thetendencyforuniversitiestomonitorand__12__studentbehaviorrunsupagainstanothercharacteristicofyoungadults:theresponsetobeingcontrolledbytheirelders.Ifacceptablesocialbehavioristoostrictlydefined(規(guī)定),theinsensitiveoraggressivebehaviorthatadministratorsareseekingtominimizemayactuallybe__13__.Itisnotsurprisingthatyoungpeoplearelikelytoburstout,particularlywhentherearereasonstodoso.Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodfirmattimesofnationalemergency.Whatislackingtodayisthe__14__betweenadolescents’desireforautonomyandtheirunderstandingofanunsafeworld.Therefore,thereisthedesirefortheirdormstobereplacementhomesandnotplacestoexperiencegrowth.ButEverycollegediscussionaboutcommunityvalues,socialclimateandbehaviorshouldinclude__15__ofthedevelopmentalimportanceofstudentautonomyandself-regulation.1.A.expandedB.educationalC.expected D.extended2.A.responsibilities B.abilities C.knowledge D.experience3.A.concentration B.dependence C.influence D.decision4.A.givenup B.givenaway C.givenin D.givenout5.A.instruction B.exploration C.reflection D.preparation6.A.When B.While C.Since D.If7.A.Intellectual B.Spiritual C.Logical D.Psychological8.A.adult B.virtual C.real D.social9.A.satisfactionB.duty C.belonging D.curiosity10.A.understandB.train C.protect D.regulate11.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Thus D.However12.A.change B.criticize C.shape D.motivate13.A.encouraged B.challenged C.agreed D.realized14.A.differenceB.tension C.balance D.conflict15.A.observationB.recognition C.determination D.judgment四、Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Ifyourin-boxiscurrentlyreportingunreadmessagesinthehundredsorthousands,youmighthaveahardtimebelievingthenews:e-mailisonthedecline. Atfirstthought,thatmightseemtobethecase.Theincominggeneration,afterall,doesn’tdoe-mail.Oh,theymighthaveanaccount.Theyuseitonlyaswewoulduseafaxmachine:asameanstocommunicatewithold-schoolfolksliketheirparentsortofulfillthesign-uprequirementsofWebsites.Theyrarelycheckit,though.Today’sinstantelectronicmemos—suchastextingandFacebookandTwittermessages—aremoredirect,moreconcentrated,moreefficient.Theygowithoutthesalutation(稱呼語)and