Unit-4-單元話題閱讀理解練習(xí)(牛津譯林版2020)

Unit4單元話題閱讀理解練習(xí)(名校最新真題)（2022·江蘇南京·高二開學(xué)考試）WhenSpaceX’s20thmissionliftedofftotheInternationalSpaceStation,beatingheartcellswerealongfortheride.After22days,theheartcellswerereturnedtoEarth-andtheywerestillbeating.ThisexperimentmarksasignificantsteptowardhelpingheartpatientsonEarthinthefuture.Thebeatingheartcells,calledcardiomyocytes(心肌細(xì)胞),weregrownfromstemcells.“They’relikemagiccellsbecausetheycanturnintoalmostallkindsofcellsinourbody,includingbeatingheartcells.Theheartcellshavethepotentialtotreatheartdiseaseforkidsandadults.Buttorepairadamagedheart,wewillneedalotmorecardiomyocytes.Andsometimesit’sreallyhardtogetthatmanycellstogrow,”

saidChunhuiXu,researcherandassociateprofessorofpediatricsatEmoryUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Whenherexperimentusingsimulatedzero-gravityonEarthshowedpromisingstepstowardquicklyandsafelyproducingcardiomyocytes,Xusawspaceastheprovingground.Her?experiment

waschosentoflyonthespacestationinordertodeterminehowtheabsenceofgravityimpactsstemcellsthatareessentiallyturnedintoheartcells.Theheartcellswerefrozen,andthenthawed(解凍)oncetheyreachedthestation.Thisallowedthecellstogrowinspacefor21days.NASAastronautJessicaMeiroversawtheexperiment.“Thisone-of-a-kindplaceiswhatmakesdoingresearchontheInternationalSpaceStationsoincrediblyspecial.Wecantestthingsthatwecan’tdoanywhereonEarth,”Meirsaid.WhentheselivecellsreturnedtoEarth,Xuandhercolleaguesdiscoveredthatthestemcellsgrowfasterinzerogravity.Thisrapidabilitytogrowcardiomyocytescouldgeneratealargenumberofhealthyheartcellsforchildrenandadultswithvariousheartdiseases.Withthesenewfindings,theresearchcouldleadamoreefficientandcost-effectivewaytodeveloptheheartcellsonEarthforpatientsinneed.Thecellshavegreatpotentialtotreatchildrenandadults.Andthecellscouldalsobeusedtotestnewtherapiesandspeedupthedevelopmentofsafedrugs,Xusaid.1．WhatcanweknowabouttheexperimentconductedintheInternationalSpaceStation?A．Itlasted20daysinspace. B．Itfoundacureforheartattacks.C．ItwaswatchedoverbyChunhuiXu. D．Itmeansalottoheartpatientsonearth.2．WhydidChunhuiXusendherexperimenttospace?A．Totryhearttransplantinspace.B．Totestawaytospeedupstemcellgrowth.C．Tounderstandhowhumanheartschangeinspace.D．Tostudytheeffectsofmicrogravityonbraincells.3．WhatdidXuandhercolleaguesfind?A．It’sreallyhardtogetstemcellstogrowonthespacestation.B．Theheartcellswereeasytofrozeandthawonthespacestation.C．Zerogravityisidealforstemcellstogrow.D．Itiscostlytogrowstemcells.4．Whatcanthenewfindingscontributeto?A．Testnoveltreatments B．EliminatedrugtradeC．Cureallheartdiseases D．developtheheatcellsinasaferway（2022·江蘇徐州第一中學(xué)高二階段練習(xí)）Readingonthego*FReaderAstandardreadingappforeBooksandaudiobooks,FReadersupportsavarietyofformats.Theprogramisverypleasanttotheeyeandisadjustabletovariousspectrums(光譜).Apartfrombeingareadingapp,FReaderhasanintegratedtranslatorforfivelanguages(English,Russian,German,French,andUkrainian),makingtheappattractivetopeopleacrosstheworld.Youcanalsoselectasectionofthepageyouarereadingandshareitviasocialnetworks,Bluetooth,SMSandothermethods.*AlReaderAlthoughitcanreadeverytypeofbook,AlReaderisspeciallydesignedforSci-Filovers.Theappdoesn’tsupportiOSbutyoucanopenmanybookformatsonyourAndroidphone.Thisapphasenhancedgraphical(圖解的)featuresandawiderangeofcustomizationoptionsthatfocusonprovidingthebestqualityforfictionalbookreading.*NookNookisstronglyintegratedwiththeonlinestoreBanes&Noble,whereyoucanfindoveramillionfreebooksontheirwebsiteorpurchasenewtitlesforthepriceofaslowas$0.99.YoucanalsobuyyoueBooksanywhereandtheywillautomaticallyappearintheNooklibrary.TheappsupportsmosteBookformats.*ScribdScribdhascomealongwayfromthedocument-readingappitwasinitially.Today,itisoneofthemostfamousprogramswithoveramilliontitlesinitslibrary.Uponregistration,yougeta30-daydemoaccountthatletsyoureadallthebooksyouwantforfree!Apartfrombooks,Scribdprovidescomicbooks,audiobooksarticles,scientificstudies,courtcasesanduncommongenresthatnootherappoffers.Youcanevenpublishyourownbookonthisplatform.5．WhyisFReaderattractivetointernationalreaders?A．Itdoesn’tharmyoureyes.B．Ithasmanycustomizationoptions.C．Ithasapowerfulintegratedtranslator.D．Userscansharewhattheyreadviasocialnetworks.6．WhatcanyoudowithAlReader?A．BuySci-Fibooks. B．Enjoygreatgraphics.C．ReadonaniOSdevice. D．Publishyourownwriting.7．WherecanyoureadbooksfromBanes&Nobleforfree?A．FRcader. B．AlReader.C．Nook. D．Scribd.（2022·江蘇·高二階段練習(xí)）Housingrankshighamongthenumerouschallengesthatstillneedtobeovercomebeforehumanscancolonize(征服)Mars.Thebravepioneersthatmakethesix-monthvoyagetotheRedPlanetwillneedaplacetoliveinassoonastheyland.Whilethebestsolutionwouldbetohavethestructuresreadybeforetheygetthere,ithassofarbeenachallengegiventhatmostconstructionrobotshavenevermadeitoutofthelaboratory.Now,theremaybeabitofhopethankstoMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology’snewlyrevealedDigitalConstructionPlatform(DCP).TheDCPcomprisesadoublearmsystemthatisfittedonatrackedvehicle.Asthelargerarmmoves,thesmaller,precisionmotorroboticarmbuildsthestructurebyshootingoutthenecessaryconstructionmaterial,rangingfrominsulationfoam(絕緣泡沫)toconcrete.TheteamofresearchersledbyPh.D．StevenKeatingsaythatunlikeother3-Dprintersthatarelimitedtobuildingobjectsthatfitwithintheiroverallenclosure,DCP’sfreemovingsystemscanbeusedtoconstructstructuresofanysize.TheteamrecentlydemonstratedtheDCP’sbuildingskillsonanemptyfieldinMountainView,CA．Therobotbeganbycreatingamoldwithexpandingfoamthathardenswhendry.Itthenconstructedthebuilding,layerbylayer,usingsensorstoraiseitselfhigherasitprogressed.Thefinalproductwasasturdy“home”thathad50-footdiameterwallsanda12-foothighroofwithroomforessentialslikeelectricitywiresandwaterpipestobeinsertedinside.Evenmoreimpressive?Ittookamere14hoursto“print”!Theresearchers’nextplanistomaketheDCPsmartenoughtoanalyzetheenvironmentwherethestructureisgoingtobebuiltanddeterminethematerialdensitiesbestsuitedforthearea.However,that’snoteventhebestpart.FutureDCPmodelsaregoingtobesolar-powered,autonomous,and,mostimportantly,capableofsourcingconstructioncomponentsfromitssurroundings.Thismeanstherobotcanbesenttoremote,disaster-strickenareas,andperhapseventoMars,tobuildsheltersusingwhatevermaterialisavailable.8．Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A．HousingpioneersonMarsisareality.B．ColonizingMarsisoutofthequestion.C．BuildingstructuresonMarsisinthetestingphases.D．FindingaliveableplaceonMarsisatoppriority.9．HowdoestheDCPdifferfromother3-Dprinters?A．Itconsumeslesstime.B．Itcomesinmoredifferentsizes.C．Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.D．Itcanbuildmorediversestructures.10．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThesuccessfulcaseoftheDCP. B．TheworkingprincipleoftheDCP.C．TheinstructionsofusingtheDCP. D．ThelimitationoftheDCP’sfunction.11．WhatmightbethebiggesthighlightoffutureDCP?A．Beingpoweredbysolar.B．Buildingsheltersanywhere.C．Collectingbuildingmaterialsonsite.D．Analyzingbuildingmaterialdensities.（2022·全國(guó)·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）Chancesareyouhaveacellphonewithininchesofyou.Cellphonesuseradiofrequency(RF)radiationtosendsignals.Radiofrequencyenergyisaformofelectromagneticradiation,whichcanbeeitherionizing(離子化的)ornon-ionizing.IonizingradiationincludesX-rays,whichhavebeenproventobeharmful,buttheevidenceisstilliffyaboutnon-ionizingrays.CNN’sDrSanjayGupta,aneurosurgeon,haslongbeenoutspokeninhisuseofaheadsetforhiscellphone.“Non-ionizingradiationwon’tdamageDNA．It’smorelikeverylowpowermicrowaves,”hesays.“Intheshortterm,theyarelikelyharmless.Butinthelongterm,itcouldbeadifferentstory.Anyway,wholikestheideaofamicrowave,evenalow-poweredone,nexttotheirheadallday?”Earlierthisyear,researchersattheUSNationalToxicologyProgram(NTP)exposedratstoRFforaboutninehoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Thestudyfoundthattheratsweremorelikelytodevelopbrainandheartcancers.Incontrast,thecontrolratswerenotexposedtoRF,andnoneofthemdevelopedanycancers.ItshouldbenotedthatthelevelsofradiationthattheratswereexposedtoweremuchhigherthanthelimitssetbytheFederalCommunicationsCommission(FCC).“Thelevelsandtimeofexposuretoradiofrequencyradiationweremuchgreaterthanwhatpeopleexperiencewitheventhehighestlevelofcellphoneuse,”theNTPsaid.ResearchersatDrexelUniversitymaybeontosomething.Theteamhascreatedananomaterial(納米材料)madeoutofathinlayerofMXenes,whichwillprotectadevicefromelectromagneticpollution.“WebelieveMXenesaregoingtobethenextgenerationofprotectivematerialsforportable,flexibleandwearableelectronics,”saidleadauthorYuryGogotsi,Ph.D．Researcherswonderifthenextstepcanbeprotectinghumansinthesameway,butthatwillrequiremoreresearch.Inthemeantime,ifyou’reconcernedaboutradiation,theCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionrecommendsthatyouuseaspeakerphoneorwiredheadsetasmuchaspossible.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“iffy”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A．Considerable. B．Informal. C．Clear. D．Uncertain.13．Accordingtothetext,DrSanjayGuptabelievesthat_________.A．ionizingradiationisharmless B．a(chǎn)headsetisamustforsmartphoneusersC．microwavesbelongtoionizingradiation D．constantexposuretoradiationisharmful14．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A．Theresearchresultmaynotapplytohumans.B．Ratscanstandhigherlevelsofradiationthanhumans.C．Theradiationfromphonespeopleusecanbeignored.D．FCCshouldadjustthelimitonionizingradiationexposure.15．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A．Apotentialsolutiontoradiation. B．Apredictionoffutureelectronics.C．TheroleofMXenesinremovingradiation. D．Theconcernoverelectromagneticradiation.（2022·全國(guó)·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）ArtificialIntelligence(AI)isalreadypartofmanyproductsusedonadailybasis,farmorethantheaverageconsumermightimagine.Whenyouplayavideoorlookforasongononeofthemanystreamingplatforms,AIcomesintoplaythankstorecommendationalgorithms(算法)thatoffercontentinlinewiththeusers’preferences,givingthemanevenbetteruserexperience.Thesamegoesforsearchengines,boththoseusedinbrowsers(瀏覽器)andthosefoundone-commercesites.Withoutrealisingit,andonceagainthankstothealgorithms,it’spossibletoviewresultsinlinewithprevioussearchesorpurchases.Upsellingandcross-sellingpracticesenablemarketingfunctionstosignificantlyincreasesales,asdemonstratedbytherecentresearch.It’sverylikelythatafteraconsumerbuysgardeningproductsforhislawn,hewillthenbeginseeingrecommendationsforpurchasingarobotlawnmower(割草機(jī)).Throughthisrobot,whichworksinmuchthesamewayasrobotsthatvacuumandmopthefloor,AIhasfounditswayintothehomewithouttheconsumerevenrealisingit.Theearlymodelsfoundonthemarketwerenotasadvancedasthoseavailabletoday.Forexample,theydidn’trecogniseobstaclesandtheyweren’tabletomapoutthehouseorgarden.Today,however,AIhasmadesignificantimprovementstotheproducts.Notonlyaretheyabletocompletelymapoutalltheroomsinthehouse,remembertheirsizeandfeatures,andemptythebagwhenit’sfull,buttheycanalsoidentifyareasthatgetdirtyfasterandthereforerequirecleaningmoreregularlyandwithgreatercare.AtechnologythatcombinesAIwiththeabilitytounderstandthesurroundingenvironment,suchasrecognisingthepresenceofobjects,makestheserobotsevenmoreintelligent.Productsequippedwiththistechnologyareabletoautomaticallydetectobstacleslikeshoes,stairs,clothesandfurniture.Theresultisthatthehouseiscleanedbetter.16．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“comesintoplay”inParagraph1mean?A．Works. B．Appears. C．Updates. D．Succeeds.17．Howdoestheauthordevelopthefourthparagraph?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Byanalysingdata.C．Bymakingcomparisons. D．Bylistingfacts.18．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsproductswithAI?A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Curious. D．Unconcerned.19．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．AIOffersPeopleGoodExperience B．AIHelpsPeopleDoChoresC．AIHasChangedOurLife D．AIIsEnteringOurHouses（2022·全國(guó)·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）SouthKoreanresearcherssaytheyhavedevelopedaskin-likematerialthatbehavesliketheskinofachameleon(變色龍).Itcanchangecolourstolooklikeitssurroundings.TheteamledbyKoSeung-hwan,amechanicalengineeringprofessoratSeoulNationalUniversitycreatedtheskinwithaspecialliquidthatturnscoloursindifferenttemperatures.Thesechangesarecontrolledbyflexibleheatersmadeofverysmallwires.Ifyouareinadesert,andyouwearforest-colouredclothing,youcaneasilybeseen.Changingcoloursandformsactivelywiththetemperatureiscentraltothetechnology,Kosaid.Thetechnologyusessomethingcalledthermochromicliquidcrystal(水晶)andsilvernanowireheaters.Thermochromicmeansheatcausesthecolourstochange.Nanowiresarejustlikenormalelectricalwires,buttheyareextremelysmall.Koandtheteamdemonstratedthistechnologyusingachameleon-shapedrobotwithcolour-seekingsensors.Theskintriedtocopywhatevercoloursthesensors“saw”aroundit.Inavideo,therobotwalkedonred,blueandgreenfloors.Itimmediatelychangedcolourtolooklikeitssurroundings.Koexplainedwhenthesensorsfindcolourinformation,theymovethatinformationtoaverysmallprocessor.Then,theinformationgoestosilvernanowireheaters.Whentheheatersreachaspecified(規(guī)定的)temperature,thethermochromicliquidcrystalchangesitscolour.Thoughtheskinismadeofmanylayers,itstotalthicknessislessthanahundredmicrometers.Inotherwords,itisthinnerthanahumanhair.Byaddingmoresilvernanowirelayersinsimpleshapeslikelinesorsquares,theskincancreatecomplexdesigns.“Theflexibleskincanbedevelopedasawearabledeviceandusedforfashion,”Kosaid.Itcanalsobeusedinmilitary(軍事的)clothingandtocreatedesignsontheoutsideofcarsandbuildings.20．Inwhichconditiondoestheskin-likematerialchangeitscolours?A．Inthecoldclimate. B．Inthehotweather.C．Indifferenttemperatures. D．Indifferentsurroundings.21．Whatplaysthekeyroleinthetechnology?A．Achameleon-shapedrobot.B．Asensorfindingcolourinformation.C．Forest-colouredclothesworninthedesert.D．Thermochromicliquidcrystalwithsilvernanowireheaters.22．Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlyfocuson?A．HowKodidtheresearch. B．Howthematerialworks.C．Howtherobotchangesitscolour. D．Howtherobot“saw”thenearbycolours.23．Whatcanweinferabouttheskinfromthelastparagraph?A．Itcanbemadeintocars. B．Itcanbeappliedtomanyfields.C．Itisalittlethickerthanahumanhair. D．Itispopularinthefashionworld.（2022·全國(guó)·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）Themediaprovidesuswiththeobservationsandexperiencefromwhichwebuildupourpersonalunderstandingoftheworldandhowitworks.Muchofourviewofrealityisbasedonmediamessages.Themedia,toagreatextent,givesusoursenseofreality.Freedomofthemediacarrieswithitcertainresponsibilitiesofhonesty,fairness,accuracyandaccountability.Thepowerofthemediatocreateanddestroyhumanvaluescomeswithgreatresponsibility.Themediaispowerfulinthepoliticalsystem,havingagreatinfluenceonpoliticsandonformingsocialchange.Thepoweristodecidewhowillcommunicatewhattowhom.Televisioncangreatlyinfluencetheelectionofanationalleaderonthebasisofhisorherimage.Professionaljournalistsdohaveacodeofethics(道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)).Journalistsmakeajudgementaboutwhat’ssafeandappropriatetoreport,whichofteninvolvesdifficultchoices.GermansociologistMaxWeberdistinguishesbetween“ethicsofconviction”and“ethicsofresponsibility”.Accordingtothelatter(ethicsofresponsibility),journalistsmusttakeintoaccounttheforeseeableconsequencesoftheirreporting,andtheimpactitwillhaveonsociety.Theformer,ontheotherhand,asksjournaliststotellthetruth,regardlessoftheconsequences.AccordingtoWeber,bothideasofethicsshouldbeconsidered.Withoutdoubt,informationispower,andthebigownersofthemassmediaareverypowerfulpeople.Televisionandradiostations,newspapers,magazines,andwebsitesare,largely,ownedandcontrolledbyprofit-makingbusinesses.Itisnotstrangethattheirideaswillgetpromotedattimes.Itismyviewthatsuchpowerandresponsibilityshouldneverbeleftinthehandsofafew.Ibelieveitisourresponsibilityasconcernedcitizenstomakesurewearenotmerelypassiveviewers,readersorlisteners.Togetherwecanhaveahugeinfluenceonthemediabymakingourviewsknown.24．What’sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Responsibilitiesofthemedia. B．Influenceofthemedia.C．Historyofthemedia. D．Problemsofthemedia.25．Wecanlearnfromthethirdparagraphthat__________.A．themediaismoreinterestedinpoliticsthanotherfieldsB．formingsocialchangeisthemaindutyofthemediaC．thegreatpowerofthemediaiscontrolledbypoliticalfiguresD．themediacanaffectpoliticsbyformingpoliticalfigures’images26．Inthewriter’sopinion,citizensshould_________.A．trustthemassmedia B．becomeaninfluenceonthemediaC．knowhowthemediaworks D．trytoreportnewsthemselves（2022·遼寧·遼師大附中高二開學(xué)考試）Havingamicrochipimplantedinaman’sbrainmaybecommoninsci-fimovieplots,butitmaysoonbecomeanactualpossibility.Elonmusk,founderofSpaceXandco-founderofelectriccarmakerTesla—hasbeenworkingonthistechnology.OnAug28,Muskgavedisplayofthechip,whichwasimplantedintotheheadofapignamedGertrude.Thechip,developedbyMusk’scompany,isthesizeofacoin.Butdon’tletitssizefoolyou.Thetinychiphasover3,000electrodesattachedtoflexiblethreads,whichcanmonitorabout1,000neurons(神經(jīng)元).Itcollectsneuralsignalsfromanareaofthebrain,andthentransmitsthosesignalswirelesslytonearbycomputers.Inthedisplay,Gertrudecouldbeseenwalkingaroundherpensniffingthegroundwhileamonitorshowedherbrainactivity.Thoughthetechnologyisstillinitsearlystage,itisencouragingforhumans.Thistechnologywouldsolvealotofbraininjuries,whichwillallowthehumanbraintocombinewithanartificialintelligence.Whenthedevicecanbeappliedtohumans,itsmaingoalwillbetohelpthosewhohavemobilityissues.Muskhopesthistechnologycanalsobeusedtohelpthosewithhearingandeyesightissuesandonedayleadtoacureforepilepsy(癲癇).Althoughsuchadevicecould,inprinciple,repairthoseproblems,puttingitintopracticeisbynomeansapieceofcake.Currently,thedevicecantransmitsignalsfromabout500neuronsinthepig’sbrain.Comparedto80billionneuronsinahumanbrain,thisnumberistiny.Andtocoverthewholehumanbrainalsomeanstheelectrodeshavetobemuchsmaller.Also,implantingthechipintothebrainposesapotentialdanger.Thereisariskoftheimmunesystemattackingthisforeignbody.Rightnow,thehopeofcontrollingthebrainviacontrollingafewneuronsseemsoverlyoptimistic.“TherearemanytechnologicalchallengestoovercomebeforeNeuralinkcanputitsdevicestothepurposes,”YuanLanfeng,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,toldChinaDaily.27．WhatdoweknowaboutElonMusk’smicrochipaccordingtothefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Itwasinspiredbysci-fimovieplots B．Itisabletocollectwirelesssignals.C．Itistinyinsizebutpowerfulinfunction. D．Ithasbeenimplantedintoahuman’sbrain.28．Whatdoparagraphs6-7mainlytalkabout?A．Potentialproblemsinapplyingthechiptohuman.B．Keydifferencesbetweenpigs’andhumans’brains.C．Theamountoftimeandmoneyimplantingthechipcouldcost.D．Howtheimmunesystemisthemajorobstacletotheimplant.29．Whatisthemajortargetofthemicrochipinhumanapplication?A．Tomonitoranimals’brainactivity. B．Tohelppeoplewithdifficultyinmovingfreely.C．Todevelopacureforepilepsy. D．TocontributetotheresearchonAltechnologies.30．HowdoesYuanLanfengfeelaboutimplantingthechipintothehumanbrain?A．Worried. B．Excited. C．Optimistic. D．Cautious.參考答案：1．D

2．B

3．C

4．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了SpaceX的第20次任務(wù)升空到國(guó)際空間站所進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)，并對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的背景和所具有的重大意義進(jìn)行了介紹。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenSpaceX’s20thmissionliftedofftotheInternationalSpaceStation,beatingheartcellswerealongfortheride.After22days,theheartcellswerereturnedtoEarth-andtheywerestillbeating.ThisexperimentmarksasignificantsteptowardhelpingheartpatientsonEarthinthefuture.(當(dāng)SpaceX的第20次任務(wù)升空到國(guó)際空間站時(shí)，跳動(dòng)的心臟細(xì)胞隨之而來。22天后，心臟細(xì)胞被送回地球，它們?nèi)匀辉谔鴦?dòng)。這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)標(biāo)志著在未來幫助地球上的心臟病患者邁出了重要的一步)”可知這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)標(biāo)志著在未來幫助地球上的心臟病患者邁出了重要的一步，即對(duì)地球上的心臟病患者意義重大；故選D項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Whenherexperimentusingsimulatedzero-gravityonEarthshowedpromisingstepstowardquicklyandsafelyproducingcardiomyocytes,Xusawspaceastheprovingground.Her?experimentwaschosentoflyonthespacestationinordertodeterminehowtheabsenceofgravityimpactsstemcellsthatareessentiallyturnedintoheartcells.(當(dāng)她在地球上使用模擬零重力進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示出快速安全地生產(chǎn)心肌細(xì)胞的有希望的步驟時(shí)，Xu將太空視為試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)。她的實(shí)驗(yàn)被選中在空間站上飛行，以確定沒有重力如何影響干細(xì)胞，這些干細(xì)胞基本上變成了心臟細(xì)胞)”可知Xu把她的實(shí)驗(yàn)送上太空的原因是為了測(cè)試在無(wú)重力的情況如何影響干細(xì)胞使其加速變成心臟細(xì)胞，即測(cè)試一種加速干細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)的方法；故選B項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WhentheselivecellsreturnedtoEarth,Xuandhercolleaguesdiscoveredthatthestemcellsgrowfasterinzerogravity.(當(dāng)這些活細(xì)胞返回地球時(shí)，Xu和她的同事發(fā)現(xiàn)干細(xì)胞在失重狀態(tài)下生長(zhǎng)得更快)”可知在失重狀態(tài)下，干細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)的更快，即失重狀態(tài)對(duì)干細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)是理想的；故選C項(xiàng)。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thisrapidabilitytogrowcardiomyocytescouldgeneratealargenumberofhealthyheartcellsforchildrenandadultswithvariousheartdiseases.Withthesenewfindings,theresearchcouldleadamoreefficientandcost-effectivewaytodeveloptheheartcellsonEarthforpatientsinneed.Thecellshavegreatpotentialtotreatchildrenandadults.(這種快速生長(zhǎng)心肌細(xì)胞的能力可以為患有各種心臟病的兒童和成人產(chǎn)生大量健康的心臟細(xì)胞。有了這些新發(fā)現(xiàn)，這項(xiàng)研究可以引導(dǎo)一種更有效和更具成本效益的方式來為有需要的患者產(chǎn)生地球上的心臟細(xì)胞。這些細(xì)胞具有治療兒童和成人的巨大潛力)”可知這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)的這種快速生長(zhǎng)心肌細(xì)胞可以為各種心臟病兒童和成人產(chǎn)生健康心細(xì)胞，這項(xiàng)研究可以引導(dǎo)一種更有效和更具成本效益的方式來產(chǎn)生需要的心臟細(xì)胞，所謂更有效和更具成本效益的方式即一種新的治療方法。故這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的貢獻(xiàn)就是為這些心臟病患者測(cè)試出了心的治療方法；故選A項(xiàng)。5．C

6．B

7．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要講述了四種讀書軟件的用途和好處。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章FReader部分的“Apartfrombeingareadingapp,FReaderhasanintegratedtranslatorforfivelanguages(English,Russian,German,French,andUkrainian),makingtheappattractivetopeopleacrosstheworld.(FReader除了是一款閱讀應(yīng)用外，還集成了五種語(yǔ)言（英語(yǔ)、俄語(yǔ)、德語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)和烏克蘭語(yǔ)）的翻譯器，使該應(yīng)用程序?qū)κ澜绺鞯氐娜藗兌季哂形Α?可知FReader對(duì)國(guó)際讀者很有吸引力，因?yàn)樗幸粋€(gè)強(qiáng)大的集成翻譯器。故選C。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章AIReader部分的“Thisapphasenhancedgraphical(圖解的)featuresandawiderangeofcustomizationoptionsthatfocusonprovidingthebestqualityforfictionalbookreading.(此應(yīng)用程序具有增強(qiáng)的圖形功能和廣泛的自定義選項(xiàng)，專注于為虛構(gòu)書籍閱讀提供最佳質(zhì)量。)”可推知使用AIReader，我們可以欣賞出色的圖形。故選B。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Nook部分的“Businessmodel:Freeapp.WiththepartnershipwithBanes&Noble,youcanfindoveramillionfreebooksontheirwebsiteorpurchasenewtitlesforthepriceofaslowass0.99.(商業(yè)模式：免費(fèi)應(yīng)用程序。通過與Barnes&Noble的合作，您可以在他們的網(wǎng)站上找到超過一百萬(wàn)本免費(fèi)書籍或以低至0.99美元的價(jià)格購(gòu)買新書。)”可知您可以在Nook上免費(fèi)閱讀Barnes&Noble的書籍。故選C。8．C

9．D

10．A

11．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院(MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology)最新公布的數(shù)字建設(shè)平臺(tái)(DCP)將如何解決在火星上建房子的問題的。8．推理判斷題。第一段的“Whilethebestsolutionwouldbetohavethestructuresreadybeforetheygetthere,ithassofarbeenachallengegiventhatmostconstructionrobotshavenevermadeitoutofthelaboratory.(雖然最好的解決方案是在結(jié)構(gòu)物到達(dá)之前做好準(zhǔn)備，但鑒于大多數(shù)建筑機(jī)器人從未走出實(shí)驗(yàn)室，這一直是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn))”推知，在火星上建造建筑物正處于測(cè)試階段。故選C項(xiàng)。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“...unlikeother3—Dprintersthatarelimitedtobuildingobjectsthatfitwithintheiroverallenclosure,DCP’sfreemovingsystemcanbeusedtoconstructstructuresofanysize.(……與其他僅限于構(gòu)建適合其整體外殼的物體的3D打印機(jī)不同，DCP的自由移動(dòng)系統(tǒng)可用于構(gòu)建任何尺寸的結(jié)構(gòu))”可知，與其他3D打印不同，它可以建造更多樣化的房屋。故選D項(xiàng)。10．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的“TheteamrecentlydemonstratedtheDCP’sbuildingskillsonanemptyfieldinMountainView,CA.(該團(tuán)隊(duì)最近在加利福尼亞州山景城的一塊空地上展示了DCP的建筑技能)”可知，本段主要介紹了DCP的成功案例。故選A項(xiàng)。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“mostimportantly,capableofsourcingconstructioncomponentsfromitssurroundings.Thismeanstherobotcanbesenttoremote,disaster-strickenareas,andperhapseventoMars,tobuildsheltersusingwhatevermaterialisavailable.(最重要的是，能夠從周邊采購(gòu)建筑構(gòu)件。這意味著機(jī)器人可以被送到偏遠(yuǎn)的災(zāi)區(qū)，甚至火星，用任何可用的材料建造居所)”可知，未來DCP的最大亮點(diǎn)是可以現(xiàn)場(chǎng)收集建筑材料。故選C項(xiàng)。12．D

13．D

14．A

15．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文?，F(xiàn)如今，很多人都離不開手機(jī)。我們應(yīng)該擔(dān)心手機(jī)輻射嗎?12．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“IonizingradiationincludesX-rays,whichhavebeenproventobeharmful,buttheevidenceisstilliffyaboutnon-ionizingrays.（電離輻射包括X射線，這些射線已被證明是有害的，但關(guān)于非電離射線的證據(jù)仍然很薄弱。）”可知，畫線詞前后進(jìn)行對(duì)比，非離子化輻射是否有害的證據(jù)還不明確，故畫線詞的意思是“不確定的”。故選D項(xiàng)。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Intheshortterm,theyarelikelyharmless.Butinthelongterm,itcouldbeadifferentstory.Anyway,wholikestheideaofamicrowave,evenalow-poweredone,nexttotheirheadallday?（在短期內(nèi)，它們可能是無(wú)害的。但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看，這可能是一個(gè)不同的故事。不管怎么說，誰(shuí)會(huì)喜歡整天挨著腦袋的微波爐，哪怕是低功率的微波爐呢？）”可知，DrSanjayGupta認(rèn)為持續(xù)地接觸輻射是有害的。故選D項(xiàng)。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的第一二句“ItshouldbenotedthatthelevelsofradiationthattheratswereexposedtoweremuchhigherthanthelimitssetbytheFederalCommunicationsCommission(FCC).“Thelevelsandtimeofexposuretoradiofrequencyradiationweremuchgreaterthanwhatpeopleexperiencewitheventhehighestlevelofcellphoneuse,”theNTPsaid.（應(yīng)該指出的是，老鼠暴露的輻射水平遠(yuǎn)高于聯(lián)邦通信委員會(huì)設(shè)定的限制。“暴露于射頻輻射的水平和時(shí)間遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于人們?cè)谧罡咚降氖謾C(jī)使用中所經(jīng)歷的，”NTP說。）”可知，研究中，老鼠受到的輻射強(qiáng)度要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于手機(jī)所帶來的輻射，所以研究得出的結(jié)論可能不適用于人類。故選A項(xiàng)。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段的一二句“ResearchersatDrexelUniversitymaybeontosomething.TheteamhascreatedananomaterialmadeoutofathinlayerofMXenes,whichwillprotectadevicefromelectromagneticpollution.（德雷塞爾大學(xué)的研究人員可能會(huì)做一些事情。該團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)造了一種由MXenes薄層制成的納米材料，可以保護(hù)設(shè)備免