高中英語《必修第三冊》課后習題第四單元測評

第四單元測評(時間:120分鐘滿分:150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。W:So,howdidyourdriver’stestgo?Didyougetyourlicense?M:Thiswasn’ttheactualdriver’stest.Todaywasawrittentest.IfIpass,thenIcantakethedriver’stest.1.Whatdidthemandotoday?A.Hetookawrittentest.B.Hepassedthedriver’stest.C.Hereceivedhisdriver’slicense.答案AM:Honey,thebeeftastessodifferenttoday.Howdidyoucookit?W:Well,Icookeditwithsomebeer.Ilearneditfromacookerybook.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inabar.C.Inarestaurant.答案AW:Oh!IhavetowalkhomenowbecauseIjustmissedthebus.M:That’stoobad.Youwouldhavecaughtitifyousetoutabitearlier.3.Howwillthewomanprobablygohome?A.Bycar. B.Bybus. C.Onfoot.答案CM:Whathappenedtoyou?W:Iwenttothebeachthisweekend,andIgotsunburnt.Iforgottobringmyhatandsunglasses.M:Oh,I’msorrytohearthat.4.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shelostherhat.B.Shegotsunburnt.C.Shebrokehersunglasses.答案BW:Idon’tbelieveawordyouaresaying.Stoptryingtobenice,andjusttellmethetruth.M:I’mbeinghonestwithyou!WhydoyoualwaysthinkI’mlying?W:Becauseyoualwaystouchyournosewhenyoulie!5.Whydoesthewomanthinkthemanislying?A.Heisadishonestperson.B.Hisbodylanguagetellsit.C.Shehasalreadyknownthetruth.答案B第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。M:Soyouarenewhere?W:Yes,I’dliketobeyoursecretary.M:Whatworkhaveyoudonebefore?W:Iusedtobeanurseforsixyears.ThenIworkedinabank.BeforeIcamehere,Iwasamanagerinalargehotel.NowI’masecretary.Youknow,havingbeenasecretaryfornearlyoneyearandahalf,IthinkI’mnowrichinexperience.M:Oneandahalfyears?InWashington?W:No,IhadworkedinNewYorkfornearlythreeyearsbeforeIcameherefivemonthsago.6.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Havingaclass.B.Havinganinterview.C.Havingameeting.答案B7.HowlonghasthewomanbeeninWashington?A.For2years.B.For1.5years.C.For5months.答案C聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。W:Hey,can’tyoubeabitfaster?You’remakingthewholegroupwaitforyou.M:Howcanyoublameitonme?I’mhavingtroubleoperatingthismachine.Itisdesignedforyou,right-handers.W:Youalwayscomplainaboutthesemachines.Butyouarenottheonlyoneusingthelefthand.Totellyouthetruth,I’malsoleft-handed.M:Youare?W:Yeah.Youshouldspendsometimegettingusedtoitinadvance.Thenyoucandoitquickly.M:OK,Iwilltry.8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Usingthelefthand.B.Operatingmachines.C.Designingmachines.答案B9.Whoisthemachinedesignedfor?A.Right-handers.B.Left-handers.C.Newcomers.答案A10.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Left-handerscan’trunthemachines.B.Thewomanonlyusesherrighthand.C.Thewomanismoreskillfulthantheman.答案C聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。M:Goodevening,madam.MayIhelpyou?W:Yes,please.I’dliketohaveabiggerroom.Youknow,youdidn’thavebiggeroneswhenIcheckedinbecauseLondonExportCommoditiesFairwasbeingheld,soI’vebeenstayinginasmallonethesedays.M:Isee.Thefairwasoveryesterday.Nowwedohavevacantbiggerrooms.Whendoyouwanttochangeyourroom?W:Tomorrowevening.M:I’dliketoletyouknowthatthecheck-outtimeis12:00inthemiddleoftheday.W:Isee.What’stherateforabiggerroom?M:￡40pernight.Bytheway,wouldyoulikearoomfacingtheThamesRiveroraroomfacingtheBigBen?W:I’dpreferaroomfacingtheThamesRiver.11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Bookaroom.B.Changerooms.C.Checkout.答案B12.Whenisthecheck-outtime?A.12:00atnoon.B.10:00inthemorning.C.2:00intheafternoon.答案A13.Whatkindofroomdoesthewomanlike?A.OnefacingtheBigBen.B.OnefacingtheThamesRiver.C.OnefacingtheLondonBridge.答案B聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。M:Hey,Ivanna!How’sitgoing?W:Good!Ihaven’tseenyouforawhile,Frank.Wherehaveyoubeen?M:Ijoinedanewclub.W:Really?Likeahealthclub?M:No,aclubforpeoplewhohavethesamehobby.Inmycase,it’ssoccer!Andit’sfun.W:Well,atleastyou’rehavingfun.Studyingforfinalsistakingupallmytime.AndIhaveajobnow,too.M:Oh,great!Whereareyouworking?W:Atalittlecafédowntown.Myparentstoldmetostopaskingthemformoney,soI’mworkingoverthesummer.IopenedmyownbankaccountsoIcandepositwhateverIdon’tspend.M:Wow!You’resomature.Myparentscouldhangasignovermydoortellingmethesamething,andI’dwalkrightpastiteveryday.W:Everyoneisdifferent.Youstayingreatshape.M:Yeah,butyoualwaysturnyourhomeworkinontime.Ineverplanahead.Iforgetaboutituntilthenightbefore.W:Well,Ialwaysdoalittlebitatatime,soIdon’tgetstressedout.Maybeyoushouldtrythat.14.WhatdidFrankjustjoin?A.Ahealthclub.B.Asoccerclub.C.Astudygroup.答案B15.Whydidthewomangetapart-timejob?A.Tohelpherparentswithexpenses.B.Tosaveupforanapartment.C.Tobemoreindependent.答案C16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Dohishomeworklittlebylittle.B.Helpherwithherhomework.C.Listentohisparentsmore.答案A17.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Sheisabankclerk.B.Sheisastudent.C.Sheisawaitress.答案B聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。Goodmorning!Beforetheexambegins,I’dliketogooversomeinformationwithyou.Firstofall,thisistheAcademicTestofEnglishforInternationalStudents,andthisisRoom405.IfyouareherefortheSAT,pleasegotoRoom204.IfyouareherefortheGRE,gotoRoom307.Okay,then,therestofyouareherefortheEnglishtest.So,tobeginwith,youshallnottakeanythingwithyouintothetestingrooms.Thatmeansmobilephones,iPads,pens,paper,pencils,etc..Youwilleachbegivenalockerandakey.Youshouldputallofyourbelongingsinthelockers.Whileyouarewaitingtobecalledforyourspeakingtest,youshallaskoneofthemonitorsforpermissiontousetherestroom.Onlyonefemaleandonemalecandidatewillbeallowedtousethefacilitiesseparatelyatatime.Also,onceyournameandnumberhavebeencalled,youmustgodirectlytoyourtestingroom.18.WhichroomisfortheAcademicTestofEnglish?A.Room204. B.Room307. C.Room405.答案C19.Whereshouldthestudentsputalltheirbelongings?A.Inthelockerswithkeys.B.Onthechairsoutsidethetestingrooms.C.Inthefrontofthetestingroom.答案A20.Whatmustthestudentsdoiftheywanttousetherestroom?A.Gowithamonitor.B.Waittobecalled.C.Askforpermission.答案C第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATimeOutNewYork—yourultimateguidetolifeinthecity,helpsyoudiscoverthebesteventsandthingstodoinMarch.Mar3-5:NewYorkInternationalLiteraryFestivalTheliteraryeventchampionofNewYorkisback!Manybest-sellingauthorsaresettoappearatthisyearsfestival,includingtheaward-winningwriterAmyTan(TheJoyLuckClub—thefilmversionofthenovelstarringMichelleYeoh),InternetbusinessexpertwriterDuncanClark(Alibaba:TheHouseThatJackMaBuilt),theAnthillfounderAlecAsh(WishLanterns)andmanymore.Staytunedforourfullfestivalpreviewandauthorfeatures.Mar3-15,varioustimes,20dollarsor35dollars(forliterarylunches).Glam.UntilMar16:VivienneWestwood—GetaLifeThewell-knownfashiondesigneristhesubjectofthiscrossoverexhibitionofAmericancontemporaryartandeco-friendlyfashioninspiredbyWestwood’sstrongattitudetowardsaclimaterevolution.ParticipatingartistsalsoincludeAdamLawryandJillSmith.UntilMarch16,freeentry.ChiK/lArtMuseum.Mar17:DogDaySaturdaysOnthethirdSaturdayofthemonth,TheRooster(13thStreet)throwsabackyardPartywheredogsarewelcome.Therewillbefreehotdogs.5dollarsFlyingDogBeersanddogtreatsforthelittlebuddiesDonationswillalsobecollectedforlocalanimalrescuegroup—BestFriendsAmerica.Mar17,3-5pm,15dollars.TheRooster(13thStreet).Mar28-29:MomtoMomSaleSellorstockuponclothes,toys,books,strollersandotherfamilygoodsatthistwice-a-yearmarketorganizedbyNewYorkmotherSellerswillcontribute15percentofalltheirprofittoHearttoHeart.Comeandpickupsomeusefulstuffforyourfamily.Mar.28-29,2-6p.m.(Tues.),10a.m.-2p.m.(Wed.)freeentry.NewYorkRacquerClub-clubhouse.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了作為城市生活的終極指南的紐約時代雜志,它幫助讀者發(fā)現(xiàn)三月份發(fā)生的重要活動,及提供各活動的相關信息。21.WhowillpossiblyturnupatGlamonMarch10th?A.MichelleYeoh. B.JackMa.C.AlecAsh. D.AdamLawry.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mar3-5.NewYorkInternationalLiteraryFestival中的“TheliteraryeventchampionofNewYorkisback!Manybest-sellingauthorsaresettoappearatthisyearsfestival,including...theAnthillfounderAlecAsh”可知,許多暢銷書的作者都將在今年的藝術節(jié)上亮相,包括AlecAsh,故選C項。22.Whicheventmightinterestthosewhocareabouttheenvironment?A.NewYorkInternationalLiteraryFestival.B.VivienneWestwood—GetaLife.C.DogDaySaturdays.D.MomtoMomSale.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)UntilMar16:VivienneWestwood—GetaLife中的“eco-friendly”“aclimaterevolution”等關鍵詞可知,這個活動和環(huán)境有關。所以那些關心環(huán)境的人會對VivienneWestwood—GetaLife感興趣,故選B項。23.WhatdotheeventsDogDaySaturdaysandMomtoMomSalehaveincommon?A.Participantscansupportcharitywork.B.Participantsareadmittedfreeofcharge.C.TheyareorganizedannuallyinNewYork.D.Theytakeplaceatthesametime.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mar17:DogDaySaturdays中的“5dollarsFlyingDogBeersanddogtreatsforthelittlebuddiesDonationswillalsobecollectedforlocalanimalrescuegroup”以及MomtoMomSale中的“...willcontribute15percentofalltheirprofittoHearttoHeart”可知,兩個活動的共同點是都可以為慈善事業(yè)做貢獻,故選A項。B(2020·山東師范大學附中高一月考)Aftertravelingtenyearsandhundredsofmillionsofkilometers,asmallprobe(探測器)calledPhilaehasforthefirsttimelandedonthesurfaceofacomet,asolarsystemobjectmadeoficeandrock.PhilaewassentfromtheEuropeanSpaceAgency’smainRosettaspaceshipearlyWednesday,November12,2014.Originally,themissionofthespaceshipwastotargetComet46PbutwhenthelaunchwasdelayedduetoproblemswiththeAriane5launchvehicle,themissionwasredirectedtoComet67P,tostudytheappearanceandmaterialsthatmakeupComet67P.ThePhilaeresearchprobeleftitsmothershipRosettaandthenbeganatriptowardthecometandlandedonitssurfacehourslater.Theefforttolandonthecometwasconsidereddangerousbecausejustbeforetheplannedlanding,scientistsidentifiedproblemsinPhilae’sactivedescentsystemthruster(推進器)usedtolandtheprobe.RosettahasbeenorbitingComet67PsinceAugust2014.However,itwassentupintospaceinMarchof2004.Thespaceshipcircledthesununtilitwasinpositiontomeetwiththecomet.Cometsarethemostprimitive(原始的)objectsinthesolarsystem.Scientiststhinkthattheyhavekeptarecordofthephysicalandchemicalprocessesthatoccurredduringtheearlyperiodwhenplanetswereformed.BystudyingComet67P’smake-upandhistory,scientistswishtounlockthesecretofthesolarsystemandeventheoriginofhumanlives.ThePhilaeprobedidaseriesofscientificexperiments.Philaeexaminedthematerialsthatmakeupthecometlookingfororganic,orcarbon-basedmaterials,andinorganicmaterials.ItlasteduntilMarch2015,whenthecometwastooclosetothesunandthesurfacetemperaturewastoohighforPhilaetooperate.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了一個名為Philae航天器歷史性地著陸彗星。24.WhatwasRosettalaunchedtodo?A.TosendPhilaetoComet67Psafely.B.TostudytheappearanceofComet46P.C.TocollectinformationaboutComet67P.D.Toresearchonthemake-upofthesolarsystem.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“themissionwasredirectedtoComet67P,tostudytheappearanceandmaterialsthatmakeupComet67P.”可知,此項任務改為降落到67P號彗星,研究67P號彗星的外觀和物質構成。由此判斷出發(fā)射Rosetta是為了收集彗星67P的信息。故選C項。25.WhywasithardforPhilaetolandonComet67P?A.Duetotechnologicalissues.B.Asaresultofpowerfailure.C.Becauseoflackofexperience.D.Duetoproblemsinradiosystems.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theefforttolandonthecometwasconsidereddangerousbecausejustbeforetheplannedlanding,scientistsidentifiedproblemsinPhilae’sactivedescentsystemthruster(推進器)usedtolandtheprobe.”可知,登陸彗星的努力被認為是危險的,因為就在計劃的著陸之前,科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了Philae用于著陸探測器的主動下降系統(tǒng)推進器存在問題。由此可知,Philae很難在67P彗星上著陸是由于技術問題。故選A項。26.Whatdoscientiststhinkoftheresearchoncomets?A.Challenging. B.Satisfying.C.Meaningful. D.Impractical.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“BystudyingComet67P’smake-upandhistory,scientistswishtounlockthesecretofthesolarsystemandeventheoriginofhumanlives.”通過研究67P彗星的組成和歷史,科學家們希望解開太陽系的秘密,甚至人類生命的起源。以及最后一段“ThePhilaeprobedidaseriesofscientificexperiments.Philaeexaminedthematerialsthatmakeupthecometlookingfororganic,orcarbon-basedmaterials,andinorganicmaterials.”Philae探測器做了一系列科學實驗。Philae檢查了構成彗星的材料,尋找有機或碳基材料和無機材料。由此判斷出,科學家認為對彗星的研究是有意義的。故選C項。27.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.PhilaeLandingonComet67PB.AnotherCometFoundinSpaceC.OneStepFurtherinGeographyResearchD.GreatImprovementinSpaceshipDesign答案A解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Aftertravelingtenyearsandhundredsofmillionsofkilometers,asmallprobecalledPhilaehasforthefirsttimelandedonthesurfaceofacomet,asolarsystemobjectmadeoficeandrock.”以及第二段“themissionwasredirectedtoComet67P,tostudytheappearanceandmaterialsthatmakeupComet67P.”此項任務改為降落到67P號彗星,研究67P號彗星的外觀和物質構成。由此可知,短文的最佳標題為“Philae著陸在彗星67P上”。故選A項。CBacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.Themicroorganisms(微生物)fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfacesoftheInternationalSpaceStation,soastronautsspendhourscleaningthemupeachweek.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?It’sturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.Butnotjustanykids.ItdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclass,liketheonescienceteachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadatFairportHighSchoolinFairport,NewYork.HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.Forthepasttwoyears,Gordon’sstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriainzerogravity,andtheythinkthey’reclosetoasolution.“Wedon’tgivethestudentsanybreaks.TheyhavetodoitjustlikeNASAengineers,”saysFlorenceGold,aprojectmanager.“Therearenotests,”Gordonsays.“Thereisnogradedhomework.Therealmostarenogrades,otherthan‘Areyouworkingtowardsyourgoal?’Basically,it’s‘I’vegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheendofyear,presentittoNASA.’Engineerscomeandreallydoanin-personreview,and...it’snotaverynicethingattime.It’sahardbusinessreviewofyourproduct.”GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpact(影響)oncollegeadmissionsandpracticallifeskills.“ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.Idon’tteach.”Andthatannoyingbacteria?GordonsayshisstudentsareemailingdailywithNASAengineersabouttheproblem,readyingaworkablesolutiontotestinspace.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了美國一所中學與NASA合作的科研項目HUNCH,鼓勵學生開發(fā)創(chuàng)新思維,培養(yǎng)實際生活技能。28.WhatdoweknowaboutthebacteriaintheInternationalSpaceStation?A.Theyarehardtogetridof.B.Theyleadtoairpollution.C.Theyappeardifferentforms.D.Theydamagetheinstruments.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Themicroorganismsfromourbodiesgrow...eachweek.”可知,在國際空間站,很難除掉細菌,故選A項。29.WhatisthepurposeoftheHUNCHprogram?A.Tostrengthenteacher-studentrelationships.B.Tosharpenstudents’communicationskills.C.Toallowstudentstoexperiencezerogravity.D.Tolinkspacetechnologywithschooleducation.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.”可知,D項與該意思一致,故選D項。30.WhatdotheNASAengineersdoforthestudentsintheprogram?A.Checktheirproduct.B.GuideprojectdesignsC.Adjustworkschedules.D.Gradetheirhomework.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“‘I’vegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheendoftheyear,presentittoNASA.’Engineerscomeandreallydoanin-personreview...”可知,NASA的工程師們要親自檢查他們的成果,故選A項。31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NASA:TheHomeofAstronautsB.Space:TheFinalHomeworkFrontierC.Nature:AnOutdoorClassroomD.HUNCH:ACollegeAdmissionReform答案B解析主旨大意題。通讀全文并結合文章的最后一句“Gordonsayshisstudentsareemailingdaily...testinspace.”可知,B項“太空:最后的作業(yè)前沿”作為文章的標題最合適,故選B項。DStepintoMovingtoMars,anexhibitionofMarsmissionandcolonydesignatLondon’sDesignMuseum,andimmediatelyyouhavegoodreasonsnottomovethere.Frighteningglowingwall-textsannouncethatMarswasn’tmadeforyou;thatthereisnolifeandpreciouslittlewater;that,dressedinaspacesuit,youwillnevertouch,tasteorsmelltheplanetyounowcall“home”.AsLisaGrossmanwroteforNewScientistacoupleofyearsago,“What’sdifferentaboutMarsisthatthereisnothingtodothereexcepttrynottodie”.Itisanoddbeginningforsuchacelebratoryexhibition,butitprovidesavaluable,darkbackgroundagainstwhichtherestoftheshowcansparkle(閃耀)—ashowthatis,asitschiefmanagerJustinremarks,“notaboutMars,thisisanexhibitionaboutpeople”.Movingalong,thereisaquickyetclearflashthroughwhatthescience-fictionwriterRobinsoncalls“thehistoryofMarsinthehumanmind”.ABabylonianclaytabletandaGreekvasespeaktoearlyideasabouttheplanet.AposterfortheoriginalTotalRecallfilmremindsusofMars’spsychologicalthreat.ThemainpartoftheshowisourcurrentplansfortheRedPlanet.Therearerealspacesuitsandmodelsof3D-printedMartiansettlementsandsuitableclothingandfurniture.Missionarchitecturesandengineeringsketcheslinethewalls.RealhammersmeantfortheInternationalSpaceStationarewall-mountedbesidealow-gravitytablethathasyettoleave,andmayindeedneverleave,Earth.This,ofcourse,isthegreatstrengthofapproachingsciencethroughdesign:realityandassumptioncanbegivenequalvisualweight,drawingusintoaninformedconversationaboutwhatitisthatweactuallywantfromafutureonMars.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要說明了倫敦設計博物館的火星任務和移民地設計展覽“搬到火星”的基本情況。32.Whatisthetextmainlyintendedtotellus?A.HowtomovetoMars.B.HowtosurviveonMars.C.WhatpreparationswemadeforMars.D.WhattheexhibitionofMarstrulytellsus.答案D解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“StepintoMovingtoMars,anexhibitionofMarsmissionandcolonydesignatLondon’sDesignMuseum,andimmediatelyyouhavegoodreasonsnottomovethere.”以及文章內(nèi)容可知,本文主要講述了倫敦設計博物館的火星任務和移民地設計展覽“搬到火星”的基本情況,故選D項。33.WhatcanwelearnfromLisaGrossman?A.It’simpossibletoliveonMars.B.It’snogoodsettlingonMars.C.YouhavenothingtodolivingonMars.D.YoucanliveonMarsinspacesuit.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AsLisaGrossmanwroteforNewScientistacoupleofyearsago,‘What’sdifferentaboutMarsisthatthereisnothingtodothereexcepttrynottodie’.”可知,從LisaGrossman的話中我們能了解到在火星上生活是不可能的,故選A項。34.Whatdoestheexhibitionfocuson?A.ThecurrentplansforMars.B.TheadvantagesoflivingonMars.C.TheearlyideasaboutMars.D.ThehistoryofMarsinthehumanmind.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“ThemainpartoftheshowisourcurrentplansfortheRedPlanet.”可知,展覽的重點是關于火星目前的計劃,故選A項。35.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Anexperience. B.Anopinion.C.Afantasy. D.Asolution.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“realityandassumptioncanbegivenequalvisualweight,drawingusintoaninformedconversationaboutwhatitisthatweactuallywantfromafutureonMars.”可知,作者在最后一段想告訴我們一個觀點,故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Overthenext50years,wearegoingtosendmoreandbetterrobotstoMars.36Thereisalimittowhatrobotscantellus,though,soeventuallywewillhavetosendpeopletostudytheplanet.

BeforepeoplecanvisitMars,weneedtoinventaspaceshipthatcantakeusthere.37DependingonwhereMarsandEarthareintheirorbitsaroundthesun,itcouldtakebetweensixmonthstoayeartogetthere.

Themoonismuchcloser,andweweretheremorethan40yearsago.Overthenext10years,wearegoingtoworkonbuildinganewspacecraft.38

Oncewereturntothemoon,wearegoingtobuildastationsothatpeoplecanliveandworkonthemoonformonthsatatime.ThisisimportantsothatwehaveaplacetostartfromwhenwewanttovisitMars.39

Bythetimeyouareoldenoughtobeanastronaut,wewillhavepeoplespendingmonthsonthemoon.Bythetimeyouareoldenoughtobeacommanderofaspacemission,wewillbetakingtripstoMars.Bythetimeyourkidsareoldenoughtobeastronauts,wemayhavepeoplelivingonMars.Wouldn’titbecooltogetapostcardfromsomeonewhowasbuildingahouseonMars?40

A.Marsisveryfaraway.B.PeoplewillgotoliveonMarsoneday.C.Wouldn’titbecoolerifitwasyouwhosentthepostcard?D.Usingthiscraft,wewillpracticetheskillsweneedtogotoMars.E.Thoserobotswillsendbackbetterpictures,maps,andweatherreports.F.ItwouldbepossibleforustogotoMarsinaspacecraftinthenearfuture.G.However,itisalsoimportantbecauseitgivesuspracticewithlivingawayfromEarth.答案與解析【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。在探索火星的過程中,由于機器人本身所限,它們無法告訴人們想知道的一切,因此最終將會有人類登上火星并對它進行研究。36.E根據(jù)文章第一句話“wearegoingtosendmoreandbetterrobotstoMars.”可知,選項E中提到“Thoserobots”,與上文意思自然銜接。37.A根據(jù)第二段“itcouldtakebetweensixmonthstoayeartogetthere.”可知,這里談的是地球到火星的距離,所以A項符合。38.D根據(jù)上文的“wearegoingtoworkonbuildinganewspacecraft”可知,D項中的“Usingthiscraft,...”與此語意相符。39.G上文提到“Thisisimportant...”,G項中的“However,itisalsoimportant...”與上文形成排比關系。40.C解答該題的關鍵詞是postcard,C項“如果發(fā)賀卡的人是你那不是更酷嗎?”語境相符。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Spaceisadangerousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteors(流星)butalsobecauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.Theatmosphereagainacts41ourprotectiveblanketonthe42.Lightgetsthrough,andthisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichwe43.Heat,too,makesourenvironmentstolerableandsomeultraviolet(紫外線的)rayspenetratethe44.Cosmic(宇宙的)raysofvariouskindscome45theairfromouterspace,but46quantitiesofradiationfromthesunarescreenedoff.Assoonasmenleavetheatmosphere,theyare47tothisradiation,48theirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraft,iftheyareinside,49preventalotofradiationdamage.

Radiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersin50.Dosesofradiationaremeasuredin51called“rems(雷姆)”.Weall52radiationhereonearthfromthesun,fromcosmicraysandfromradioactiveminerals.The“53”doseofradiationthatwereceiveeachyearisabouttwomillirems.It54accordingtowhereyoulive,andthisisaveryroughestimate.Scientistshavethereasontothinkthatamancan55farmoreradiationthan0.1remwithoutbeingdamaged.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。太陽和其他星體的輻射對人類既有利又有弊,大氣層對削弱輻射起到了重要作用。41.A.for B.withC.on D.as答案D解析此處表述大氣層起到地球保護層的作用。設空處表示“擔當,充當”的意思。actas意為“充當,起……作用”。故選D項。42.A.stars B.sunC.earth D.space答案C解析根據(jù)上下文語境可知,大氣層起到保護層的作用,保護的應該是地球。故選C項。43.A.use B.liveC.eat D.get答案C解析根據(jù)語境及設空前的“food”可知,植物依靠陽光來制造我們吃的食物。故選C項。44.A.environment B.spaceC.atmosphere D.earth答案C解析根據(jù)上文可知,大氣層像毯子一樣覆蓋著地球,對其起到保護作用,故紫外線所穿透的就是大氣層(atmosphere)。故選C項。45.A.across B.toC.from D.through答案D解析根據(jù)語境可知,宇宙的光線從外層空間穿過空氣。comethrough“穿透”。故選D項。46.A.valid B.enormousC.various D.proper答案B解析句意:大量的輻射已被屏蔽。故選B項。47.A.shown B.exposedC.faced D.covered答案B解析句意:人們一離開大氣層,就暴露于輻射中。beexposedto“暴露于”,符合語境。故選B項。48.A.but B.becauseC.so D.sothat答案A解析根據(jù)上文“人們一離開大氣層就會受到輻射”,以及下文“他們的太空服和太空船的外壁會屏蔽掉大量的輻射傷害”。因而判斷前后句之間是轉折關系。故選A項。49.A.get B.makeC.have D.do答案D解析“do+動詞原形”結構用來強調謂語動詞。故選D項。50.A.earth B.atmosphereC.space D.environment答案C解析根據(jù)文章第一句可知,輻射是探索者在太空遇見的最大危險。故選C項。51.A.pieces B.unitsC.parts D.systems答案B解析根據(jù)該句的關鍵信息“Doses”“measured”以及所給的專有單位名稱可推測,此處是指測量單位。故選B項。52.A.receive B.acceptC.bring D.catch答案A解析receive表示客觀收到或接到;accept表示主觀接受。我們是受到輻射而非主觀接受。故選A項。53.A.conventional B.commonC.general D.normal答案D解析句意:每年受到輻射的正常劑量大約為2毫雷姆。故選D項。54.A.puzzles B.floatsC.combines D.changes答案D解析根據(jù)常識可知,所處地點不同,所受輻射量也不一樣。故選D項。55.A.putupwith B.keepupwithC.comeupwith D.catchupwith答案A解析根據(jù)下文中的“withoutbeingdamaged”可知,此處指的是能夠承受的輻射。putupwith意為“忍受”,符合語境。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2021·河南焦作第一中學高一期中)ChinaandtheUnitedArabEmirates(UAE)sent56(they)firstspacecrafttoMarsthisweek.AChinesespacecraftwentintoorbit(軌道)aroundMarsonWednesday.ItfollowedaUAE’sspacecraftthat57(successful)enteredorbitonTuesday.China’sTianwen-1spacecraftspentsevenmonthsonthetriptoMars58travelednearly475millionkilometers.Tianwen,thenameof59ancientpoem,means“QuestforHeavenlyTruth”.TheUAE’sspacecraftiscalledAmal.AmalistheArabicwordforHope.

ThetripstoMarscomeatatimewhenbothcountrieshavemadequickprogressinspaceprograms.China’sspaceprogrambroughtmoonrocksbacktoEarthinDecember.Thatisthefirsttimethataspacecraft60(return)toEarthwithmoonrockssincethe1970s.Chinawasalsothefirstcountrytomanage61(land)aspacecraftonthelittle-exploredfarsideofthemoonin2019.

China’sspacecraftwillsendavehicle,calledarover,tolandontheMariansurface.Thegoalistosearchfor62(sign)oflifeintheareanamedUtopiaPlanitia,63theU.S.Viking2landerlandedin1976.AlongwithTianwen-1,Amalwilljoinsixotherspacecraftalready64(operate)aroundMars.Amongthem,three65(be)fromtheUnitedStates.

答案與解析【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本周,中國和阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國向火星發(fā)射了第一艘宇宙飛船。文章主要介紹了這艘宇宙飛船的一些情況和這一行動的影響。56.their考查代詞。修飾后文名詞spacecraft應用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。57.successfully考查副詞。修飾后文動詞enter應用副詞successfully,作狀語。故填successfully。58.and考查連詞。此處“天問一號飛船在飛往火星的路程上花費了7個月”與“飛行了近4.75億公里”為并列關系,應用連詞and。故填and。59.an考查冠詞。poem為可數(shù)名詞,此處表泛指應用不定冠詞,且ancient是發(fā)音以元音音素開頭的單詞,應用an。故填an。60.hasreturned考查動詞時態(tài)。此處為句型“thatisthefirsttimethat+現(xiàn)在完成時”,從句主語為aspacecraft,助動詞用has。故填hasreturned。61.toland考查非謂語動詞。此處為短語managetodosth表示“設法做成某事”。故填toland。62.signs考查名詞的數(shù)。sign表示“跡象”為可數(shù)名詞,此處前文沒有冠詞,應用復數(shù)形式。故填signs。63.where考查定語從句。此處為非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞UtopiaPlanitia,先行詞在從句中作地點狀語,故應用關系副詞where引導。故填where。64.operating考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知operate在句中應用非謂語動詞形式,與邏輯主語spacecraft構成主動關系,故應用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填operating。65.are考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句子陳述客觀事實用一般現(xiàn)在時,主語為three,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。故填are。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)你和朋友李明就太空探索是否值得進行了辯論。李明認為不值得,他認為太空探索浪費很多錢,這些錢可用來解決一些其他問題。你的看法與他相反。請你據(jù)此寫一篇短文。詞數(shù)80個左右。

參考范文MyfriendLiMingandIhaveanargumentonwhetherspaceisworthexploring.LiMingthinksspaceexplorationwastesalotofmoney,whichcanbeusedtosolveotherproblems,suchasstarvationandpollution