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2024屆高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解高頻詞匯超詳細(xì)梳理(感情
類(lèi))講義
高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解高頻詞匯超詳細(xì)梳理(感情類(lèi))
單詞詳解
1.overcome(ovrkm)
詞性:動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:克服,戰(zhàn)勝
例句:Shefinallyovercameherfearofpublicspeaking.
(她最終克服了對(duì)公開(kāi)演講的恐懼。)
同義詞:conquer,defeat,surmount
反義詞:succumb,yield,surrender
搭配:overcomedifficulties/obstacles/challenges(克服
困難/障礙/挑戰(zhàn))
拓展詞組:beovercomewithemotion(被情緒淹沒(méi))
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與overlook(忽視)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
overcome:Iovercamemyshynessandtalkedtoher.(我克
服了我的害羞,和她說(shuō)話(huà)了。)
overlook:Ioverlookedafewmistakesinthereport.(我
忽略了報(bào)告中的一些錯(cuò)誤。)
串記例句:Withdetermination,wecanovercomeany
challenge.(只要有決心,我們就能克服任何挑戰(zhàn)。)
2.annoy(n)
詞性:動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:使煩惱,使生氣
例句:Theconstantnoisefromtheconstructionsite
annoyedtheneighbours.(建筑工地持續(xù)不斷的噪音惹惱了鄰居們。)
同義詞:irritate,bother,disturb
反義詞:please,delight,soothe
搭配:beannoyedby/withsomething/someone(被某事/某人
惹惱)
拓展詞組:toone'sannoyance(令人煩惱的是)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與annoyance(煩惱)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
annoy:Hisbadhabitsreallyannoyme.(他的壞習(xí)慣真的讓
我很煩惱。)
annoyance:Myannoyancegrewasthemeetingdraggedon.(隨
著會(huì)議的拖延,我的煩惱越來(lái)越大。)
串記例句:Trynottoletlittlethingsannoyyou.(盡量
不要讓小事惹惱你c)
3.despair(dsper)
詞性:名詞/動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:絕望,失望
例句:Hefeltasenseofdespairafterlosinghisjob.(失
去工作后,他感到絕望。)
同義詞:hopelessness,desperation
反義詞:hope,optimism
搭配:indespair(絕望地)
拓展詞組:acryofdespair(絕望的呼喊)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與desperate(絕望的)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
despair:Shewasfilledwithdespairaftertheaccident.
(事故發(fā)生后,她充滿(mǎn)了絕望。)
desperate:Hewasdesperatetofindacureforhisillness.
(他拼命想找到治療疾病的方法。)
串記例句:Nevergiveuphope,eveninthedarkestmoments
ofdespair.(即使在最黑暗的絕望時(shí)刻,也不要放棄希望。)
4.frustrate(frstret)
詞性:動(dòng)詞/形容詞
中文釋義:使沮喪,使灰心;令人沮喪的
例句:Theheavytrafficfrustratedherattemptstoarrive
ontime.(擁堵的交通使她準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)的嘗試受挫。)
同義詞:thwart,hinder,disappoint
反義詞:satisfy,fulfill,please
搭配:befrustratedby/withsomething/someone(被某事/
某人感到沮喪)
拓展詞組:afrustratingexperience(令人沮喪的經(jīng)歷)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與frustration(沮喪)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
frustrate:Thelanguagebarrierfrustratedour
communication.(語(yǔ)言障礙阻礙了我們的交流。)
frustration:Heexpressedhisfrustrationatthelackof
progress.(他對(duì)缺乏進(jìn)展表示沮喪。)
串記例句:Don*tletsetbacksfrustrateyou;learnfrom
themandkeepmovingforward.(不要讓挫折使你灰心;從中吸取
教訓(xùn),繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。)
5.embarrass(mbrs)
詞性:動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:使尷尬,使難堪
例句:Hewasembarrassedbyhismistakeinfrontofthe
wholeclass.(他在全班同學(xué)面前犯了錯(cuò)誤,感到很尷尬。)
同義詞:humiliate,mortify,shame
反義詞:flatter,compliment,please
搭配:beembarrassedabout/bysomething(對(duì)某事感到尷尬)
拓展詞組:anembarrassingsituation(尷尬的局面)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與embarrassment(尷尬)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
embarrass:Herquestionsembarrassedhim.(她的問(wèn)題讓他
感到尷尬。)
embarrassment:Heblushedwithembarrassment.(他羞愧得
臉紅了。)
串記例句:Everyonemakesmistakes;don*tletthem
embarrassyou.(每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò);不要讓它們讓你難堪。)
6.envy(nvi)
詞性:名詞/動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:嫉妒,羨慕
例句:Sheenviedherfriend*ssuccess.(她羨慕她朋友的
成功。)
同義詞:jealousy,covetousness
反義詞:admiration,contentment
搭配:envysomeoneforsomething(嫉妒某人擁有某物)
拓展詞組:greenwithenvy(非常嫉妒)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與jealousy(嫉妒)的細(xì)微差別:envy強(qiáng)調(diào)
對(duì)他人所擁有的東西的渴望,而jealousy更多地包含了害怕失去自
己所擁有的東西的成分。
例句辨析:
envy:Ienvyhertalentformusic.(我羨慕她的音樂(lè)天賦。)
jealousy:Hefeltapangofjealousywhenhesawherwith
anotherman.(當(dāng)他看到她和另一個(gè)男人在一起時(shí),他感到一陣嫉妒。)
串記例句:Envyisanegativeemotion;focusonyourown
strengthsandachievements.(嫉妒是一種負(fù)面情緒;專(zhuān)注于你自
己的優(yōu)勢(shì)和成就。)
7.neglect(nglkt)
詞性:名詞/動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:忽視,疏忽
例句:Thegardenwasovergrownduetoneglect.(由于疏
于管理,花園雜草叢生。)
同義詞:disregard,ignore,overlook
反義詞:care,attention,concern
搭配:neglectone'sduties/responsibilities(忽視自己的
職責(zé)/責(zé)任)
拓展詞組:aneglectedchild(被忽視的孩子)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與negligence(疏忽)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
neglect:Heneglectedhishealthandbecameill.(他忽視
了自己的健康,結(jié)果病倒了。)
negligence:Theaccidentwascausedbynegligence.(事故
是由于疏忽造成的c)
8.oppress(prs)
詞性:動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:壓迫,壓制
例句:Thegovernmentoppressedthepeoplewithstrictlaws.
(政府用嚴(yán)厲的法律壓迫人民。)
同義詞:suppress,tyrannize,persecute
反義詞:liberate,free,emancipate
搭配:oppressthepoor/weak/minorities(壓迫窮人/弱者/
少數(shù)民族)
拓展詞組:anoppressiveregime(壓迫政權(quán))
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與suppress(鎮(zhèn)壓)的區(qū)別:oppress強(qiáng)調(diào)持
續(xù)的、系統(tǒng)性的壓迫,而suppress強(qiáng)調(diào)壓制某種行為或思想。
例句辨析:
oppress:Thedictatoroppressedhispeopleformanyyears.
(獨(dú)裁者多年來(lái)一直壓迫人民。)
suppress:Thegovernmenttriedtcsuppresstheprotests.
(政府試圖鎮(zhèn)壓抗議活動(dòng)。)
串記例句:Wemustfightagainstoppressionandinjustice
whereverwefindit.(我們必須與壓迫和不公正作斗爭(zhēng),無(wú)論在哪
里發(fā)現(xiàn)它們。)
9.admire(dmar)
詞性:動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:欽佩,贊賞
例句:Iadmirehercourageanddetermination.(我欽佩她
的勇氣和決心。)
同義詞:respect,esteem,appreciate
反義詞:despise,scorn,loathe
搭配:admiresomeoneforsomething(因某事欽佩某人)
拓展詞組:befullofadmirationforsomeone(對(duì)某人充滿(mǎn)
欽佩)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與like(喜歡)的區(qū)別:admire強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)某人
品質(zhì)或成就的敬佩,而like更多地指對(duì)某人的好感。
例句辨析:
admire:Iadmirehisdedicationtohiswork.(我欽佩他對(duì)
工作的奉獻(xiàn)精神。)
like:Ilikespendingtimewithher.(我喜歡和她在一起。)
串記例句:Findpeopleyouadmireandlearnfromtheir
example.(找到你欽佩的人,并以他們?yōu)榘駱?。?/p>
10.restrain(rstren)
詞性:動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:抑制,控制
例句:Hehadtorestrainhimselffromlaughing.(他不得
不忍住不笑。)
同義詞:control,curb,restrict
反義詞:unleash,release,indulge
搭配:restrainone'sanger/emotions(控制自己的憤怒/情
緒)
拓展詞組:underrestraint(被控制)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與restrict(限制)的區(qū)別:restrain強(qiáng)調(diào)
控制或阻止某種行為或情感,而restrict強(qiáng)調(diào)限制范圍或數(shù)量。
例句辨析:
restrain:Thepolicehadtorestrainthesuspect.(警察
不得不控制住嫌疑犯。)
restrict:Thegovernmentrestrictedfreedomofspeech.(政
府限制了言論自由c)
串記例句:Sometimesitisnecessarytorestrainour
impulses.(有時(shí)我們需要控制我們的沖動(dòng)。)
11.relieve(rliv)
詞性:動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:減輕,緩解
例句:Themedicinerelievedherpain.(藥減輕了她的疼痛。)
同義詞:ease,alleviate,lessen
反義詞:worsen,aggravate,intensify
搭配:relievepain/stress/anxiety(減輕疼痛/壓力/焦慮)
拓展詞組:asighofrelief(如釋重負(fù)的嘆息)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與release(釋放)的區(qū)別:relieve強(qiáng)調(diào)減
輕負(fù)擔(dān)或痛苦,而release強(qiáng)調(diào)解除束縛或壓力。
例句辨析:
relieve:Thenewsrelievedherworries.(這個(gè)消息減輕了
她的擔(dān)憂(yōu)。)
release:Theprisonerwasreleasedafterservinghis
sentence.(囚犯服刑期滿(mǎn)后被釋放。)
串記例句:Exercisecanhelprelievestressandimprove
yourmood.(運(yùn)動(dòng)可以幫助緩解壓力,改善心情。)
12.complain(kmpien)
詞性:動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:抱怨,訴苦
例句:Shecomplainedaboutthenoisefromtheneighbours.
(她抱怨鄰居的噪音。)
同義詞:grumble,whine,protest
反義詞:praise,compliment,approve
搭配:complainaboutsomething/someone(抱怨某事/某人)
拓展詞組:aconstantcomplainer(總是抱怨的人)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與complaint(抱怨)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
complain:Hecomplainedabouttheserviceattherestaurant.
(他抱怨餐廳的服務(wù)。)
complaint:Themanagerlistenedtohercomplaint.(經(jīng)理
聽(tīng)取了她的抱怨。)
串記例句:Insteadofcomplaining,trytofindasolution
totheproblem.(與其抱怨,不如試著找到解決問(wèn)題的方法。)
13.insult(nsIt)
詞性:名詞/動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:侮辱,ocKop6jieHne
例句:Hiswordswereadeliberateinsulttoher.(他的
話(huà)是故意侮辱她。)
同義詞:offend,abuse,affront
反義詞:compliment,praise,flatter
搭配:insultsomeone'sintelligence/dignity(侮辱某人的
智力/尊嚴(yán))
拓展詞組:addinsulttoinjury(雪上加霜)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與insulting(侮辱性的)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
insult:Shefeltinsultedbyhisremarks.(她覺(jué)得他的話(huà)
是在侮辱她。)
insulting:Hemadesomeinsultingcommentsabouther
appearance.(他對(duì)她的外表發(fā)表了一些侮辱性的評(píng)論。)
串記例句:Itisneverrighttoinsultsomeone,evenifyou
areangry.(侮辱別人永遠(yuǎn)是不對(duì)的,即使你很生氣。)
14.conscious(kans)
詞性:形容詞
中文釋義:意識(shí)到的,清醒的
例句:Shewasconsciousofhispresenceintheroom.(她
意識(shí)到他在房間里c)
同義詞:aware,awake,alert
反義詞:unconscious,unaware,asleep
搭配:beconsciousofsomething/someone(意識(shí)到某事/某
人)
拓展詞組:consciouseffort(有意識(shí)的努力)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與conscience(良心)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
conscious:Hewasconsciousofthedanger.(他意識(shí)至U危險(xiǎn)。)
conscience:Herconsciencebotheredheraftershetolda
lie.(撒謊后,她的良心受到了譴責(zé)。)
串記例句:Weshouldbeconsciousofourimpactonthe
environment.(我們應(yīng)該意識(shí)到我們對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。)
15.subconscious(sbkans)
詞性:形容詞/名詞
中文釋義:潛意識(shí)的;潛意識(shí)
例句:Oursubconsciousmindscaninfluenceourthoughts
andbehavior.(我們的潛意識(shí)會(huì)影響我們的思想和行為。)
同義詞:unconscious
反義詞:conscious
搭配:subconsciousdesires/fears(潛意識(shí)的欲望/恐懼)
拓展詞組:tapintothesubconscious(挖掘潛意識(shí))
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與unconscious(無(wú)意識(shí)的)的區(qū)別:
subconscious指的是潛意識(shí),即未被意識(shí)到的心理活動(dòng);
unconscious則指沒(méi)有意識(shí),例如昏迷狀態(tài)。
例句辨析:
subconscious:Hissubconsciousmindwasstillprocessing
thetraumaticexperience.(他的潛意識(shí)仍在處理那段創(chuàng)傷經(jīng)歷。)
unconscious:Hewasknockedunconsciousbytheblowtohis
head.(他頭部遭到重?fù)艉蠡杳圆恍?。?/p>
串記例句:Dreamscanofferinsightsintooursubconscious
minds.(夢(mèng)境可以提供我們潛意識(shí)的洞察力。)
16.intense(ntns)
詞性:形容詞
中文釋義:強(qiáng)烈的,劇烈的
例句:Shefeltintensejoyatthebirthofherchild.(孩
子出生時(shí),她感到無(wú)比的喜悅。)
同義詞:strong,powerful,extreme
反義詞:mild,weak,moderate
搭配:intenseheat/pain/emotions(強(qiáng)烈的熱/疼痛/情緒)
拓展詞組:anintensestare(強(qiáng)烈的凝視)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與intensive(密集的)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
intense:Thecompetitionwasintense.(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈。)
intensive:Shetookanintensivelanguagecourse.(她參
加了密集的語(yǔ)言課程。)
串記例句:Hisintensepassionformusicwasevidentinhis
performance.(他對(duì)音樂(lè)的強(qiáng)烈熱情在他的表演中顯而易見(jiàn)。)
17.eager(igr)
詞性:形容詞
中文釋義:渴望的,熱切的
例句:Thechildrenwereeagertoopentheirpresents.(孩
子們迫不及待地想打開(kāi)他們的禮物。)
同義詞:keen,enthusiastic,avid
反義詞:reluctant,hesitant,apathetic
搭配:beeagertodosomething(渴望做某事)
拓展詞組:eageranticipation(熱切的期待)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與anxious(焦慮的)的區(qū)別:eager強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)
某事的積極期待,而anxious則包含了擔(dān)憂(yōu)和不安的情緒。
例句辨析:
eager:Hewaseagertolearnmoreaboutthesubject.(他
渴望了解更多關(guān)于這個(gè)主題的知識(shí)。)
anxious:Shewasanxiousabouttheupcomingexam.(她對(duì)
即將到來(lái)的考試感到焦慮。)
串記例句:Shewaseagertoembarkonanewadventure.(她
渴望開(kāi)始新的冒險(xiǎn)°)
18.optimistic(ptmstk)
詞性:形容詞
中文釋義:樂(lè)觀的,積極的
例句:Hewasoptimisticaboutthefuture.(他對(duì)未來(lái)充滿(mǎn)
樂(lè)觀。)
同義詞:hopeful,positive,cheerful
反義詞:pessimistic,negative,gloomy
搭配:beoptimisticaboutsomething(對(duì)某事感到樂(lè)觀)
拓展詞組:anoptimisticoutlook(樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與optimism(樂(lè)觀)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
optimistic:Sheremainedoptimisticdespitethechallenges.
(盡管面臨挑戰(zhàn),她仍然保持樂(lè)觀。)
optimism:Hisoptimismwascontagious.(他的樂(lè)觀情緒很有
感染力。)
串記例句:Itisimportanttostayoptimisticevenwhen
thingsaretough.(即使在困難的時(shí)候,保持樂(lè)觀也很重要。)
19.negative(ngtv)
詞性:形容詞/名詞
中文釋義:否定的,消極的;負(fù)面事物
例句:Hehadanegativeattitudetowardseverything.(他
對(duì)一切都持消極態(tài)度。)
同義詞:pessimistic,cynical,critical
反義詞:positive,optimistic,constructive
搭配:negativethoughts/emotions/feedback(消極的想法/
情緒/反饋)
拓展詞組:anegativeimpact(負(fù)面影響)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與negativity(消極)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
negative:Shegaveanegativeanswertohisproposal.(她
拒絕了他的提議。)
negativity:Hewassurroundedbynegativity.(他周?chē)际?/p>
負(fù)面情緒。)
串記例句:Trytoavoidnegativeself-talk.(盡量避免消
極的自我對(duì)話(huà)。)
20.panic(pnk)
詞性:名詞/動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:恐慌,驚慌
例句:Panicspreadthroughthecrowdwhenthefirealarm
sounded.(火災(zāi)警報(bào)響起時(shí),人群中彌漫著恐慌。)
同義詞:fear,terror,alarm
反義詞:calm,composure,tranquility
搭配:beinapanic(驚慌失措)
拓展詞組:apanicattack(驚恐發(fā)作)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與panic-stricken(驚慌失措的)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
panic:Donftpanic!Wecanfindasolution.(不要驚慌!
我們可以找到解決辦法。)
panic-stricken:Thepassengerswerepanic-strickenwhen
theplanehitturbulence.(飛機(jī)遇到氣流顛簸時(shí),乘客們驚慌失
措。)
串記例句:Itisimportanttostaycalminacrisisandavoid
panicking.(在危機(jī)時(shí)刻保持冷靜,避免恐慌很重要。)
21.jealous(d1s)
詞性:形容詞
中文釋義:妒忌的,猜忌的
例句:Hewasjealousofhisbrother*ssuccess.(他嫉妒
他哥哥的成功。)
同義詞:envious,possessive,suspicious
反義詞:trusting,secure,confident
搭配:bejealousofsomeone/something(嫉妒某人/某物)
拓展詞組:ajealousrage(嫉妒的憤怒)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與envy(嫉妒)的細(xì)微差別:jealousy更多
地包含了害怕失去自己所擁有的東西的成分,而envy強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)他人所
擁有的東西的渴望C
例句辨析:
jealous:Shewasjealousofherfriend1snewboyfriend.(她
嫉妒她朋友的新男友。)
envious:I'menviousofyourabilitytospeakmultiple
languages.(我羨慕你能說(shuō)多種語(yǔ)言。)
串,己例句:Jealousycanbedestructivetorelationships.
(嫉妒會(huì)破壞人際關(guān)系。)
22.upset(pst)
詞性:形容詞/動(dòng)詞/名詞
中文釋義:心煩的,不安的;使心煩,使不安;令人心煩的事
例句:Shewasupsetbythenewsofherfriend'sillness.
(她聽(tīng)到朋友生病的消息后感到不安。)
同義詞:(adj.)disturbed,troubled,distressed;(v.)
disturb,trouble,distress
反義詞:(adj.)calm,happy,content;(v.)calm,soothe,
please
搭配:beupsetaboutsomething/someone(因某事/某人感到
不安)
拓展詞組:anupsetstomach(胃部不適)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意upset的多樣詞性和含義。
例句辨析:
upset(adj.):Thechildrenwereupsetwhentheirdogran
away.(他們的狗跑丟了,孩子們很難過(guò)。)
upset(v.):Don*tupsetthevase!(別打翻花瓶!)
upset(n.):Theteamcausedamajorupsetbydefeatingthe
champions.(這支隊(duì)伍擊敗了冠軍,造成了很大的冷門(mén)。)
串記例句:Takeadeepbreathandtrytocalmdownwhenyou
feelupset.(當(dāng)你感到不安時(shí),深呼吸并試著冷靜下來(lái)。)
23.sympathetic(smp0tk)
詞性:形容詞
中文釋義:同情的,理解的
例句:Shewassympathetictohisplight.(她同情他的困
境。)
同義詞:compassionate,understanding,caring
反義詞:unsympathetic,indifferent,cold
搭配:besympathetictosomeone/something(同情某人/某
事)
拓展詞組:asympatheticear(愿意傾聽(tīng)的人)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與sympathy(同情)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
sympathetic:Theteacherwassympathetictothestudent*s
problems.(老師同情學(xué)生的困難。)
sympathy:Ioffermydeepestsympathyforyourloss.(我
對(duì)你失去親人表示最深切的同情。)
串記例句:Ttisimportanttobesympathetictothefeelings
ofothers.(同情他人的感受很重要。)
24.concern(knsrn)
詞性:名詞/動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:關(guān)心,擔(dān)憂(yōu);使擔(dān)憂(yōu)
例句:Sheexpressedherconcernabouthishealth.(她表
達(dá)了對(duì)他的健康的擔(dān)憂(yōu)。)
同義詞:(n.)worry,anxiety,care;(v.)worry,bother,
affect
反義詞:(n.)indifference,apathy;(v.)ignore,disregard
搭配:beconcernedaboutsomething/someone(擔(dān)某事/
某人)
拓展詞組:amatterofconcern(令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的事情)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意concern的多樣詞性和含義。
例句辨析:
concern(n.):Hismainconcernwashisfamily'ssafety.(他
主要關(guān)心的是家人的安全。)
concern(v.):Therisingcrimerateconcernseveryone.(犯
罪率上升讓每個(gè)人都感到擔(dān)憂(yōu)。)
串記例句:Itisnaturaltofeelconcernforlovedones.
(關(guān)心愛(ài)的人是很自然的。)
25.hatred(hetrd)
詞性:名詞
中文釋義:憎恨,仇恨
例句:Hewasfilledwithhatredforhisenemies.(他對(duì)
他的敵人充滿(mǎn)了仇恨。)
同義詞:loathing,detestation,animosity
反義詞:love,affection,fondness
搭配:hatredforsomeone/something(對(duì)某人/某物的憎恨)
拓展詞組:alookofhatred(仇恨的眼神)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與hate(恨)的區(qū)別:hatred是一種強(qiáng)烈而
持久的情緒,而hate則可以是短暫的或程度較輕的。
例句辨析:
hatred:Hishatredforherconsumedhim.(他對(duì)她的仇恨吞
噬了他。)
hate:Ihatedoingchores.(我討厭做家務(wù)。)
串記例句:Hatredonlybreedsmorehatred.(仇恨只會(huì)滋生
更多的仇恨。)
26.affection(fkn)
詞性:名詞
中文釋義:喜愛(ài),感情
例句:Sheshowedgreataffectionforherchildren.(她
對(duì)孩子們表現(xiàn)出極大的愛(ài)意。)
同義詞:love,fondness,care
反義詞:hatred,dislike,aversion
搭配:haveaffectionforsomeone/something(喜歡某人/
某物)
拓展詞組:agestureofaffection(表示愛(ài)意的舉動(dòng))
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與love(愛(ài))的區(qū)別:affection是一種溫暖
而親切的感情,而love則可以更加強(qiáng)烈和深刻。
例句辨析:
affection:Hehadadeepaffectionforhisolddog.(他
對(duì)他的老狗有著深厚的感情。)
love:Shefellinlovewithhimatfirstsight.(她對(duì)他
一見(jiàn)鐘情。)
串記例句:Asimplehugcanexpressalotofaffection.(一
個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的擁抱可以表達(dá)很多愛(ài)意。)
27.passion(pn)
詞性:名詞
中文釋義:激情,熱情
例句:Hespokewithpassionabouthisbeliefs.(他充滿(mǎn)
激情地談?wù)撍男叛觥#?/p>
同義詞:enthusiasm,fervor,zeal
反義詞:apathy,indifference,boredom
搭配:haveapassionforsomething(對(duì)某事充滿(mǎn)熱情)
拓展詞組:apassionatespeech(充滿(mǎn)激情的演講)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與emotion(情緒)的區(qū)別:passion是一種
強(qiáng)烈而持久的情緒,而emotion則可以是任何一種感覺(jué)或情緒“
例句辨析:
passion:Shehasapassionfordancing.(她對(duì)舞蹈充滿(mǎn)熱
情。)
emotion:liewasovercomewithemotionatthesightofhis
newborndaughter.(看到剛出生的女兒,他激動(dòng)不已。)
串記例句:Followyourpassionsandliveafulfillinglife.
(追隨你的激情,過(guò)上充實(shí)的生活。)
28.preference(prfrns)
詞性:名詞
中文釋義:偏愛(ài),偏好
例句:Shehasapreferenceforclassicalmusic.(她偏愛(ài)
古典音樂(lè)。)
同義詞:liking,favorite,choice
反義詞:dislike,aversion
搭配:haveapreferenceforsomething/someone(偏愛(ài)某事
/某人)
拓展詞組:expressone'spreference(表達(dá)自己的偏好)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與prefer(更喜歡)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
preference:Mypreferenceistostayathometonight.(我
更喜歡今晚呆在家里。)
prefer:Ipreferteatocoffee.(我更喜歡茶而不是咖啡。)
串記例句:Everyonehasdifferentpreferences.(每個(gè)人都
有不同的偏好。)
29.stress(strs)
詞性:名詞/動(dòng)詞
中文釋義:壓力,緊張;強(qiáng)調(diào),使緊張
例句:Shewasfeelingstressedabouttheupcomingdeadline.
(她對(duì)即將到來(lái)的截止日期感到壓力。)
同義詞:(n.)pressure,strain,tension;(v.)emphasize,
highlight
反義詞:(n.)relaxation,calmness;(v.)downplay,
minimize
搭配:beunderstress(處于壓力之下)
拓展詞組:astressfulsituation(緊張的局勢(shì))
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意stress的多樣詞性和含義。
例句辨析:
stress(n.):Thestressofthejobwasgettingtohim.(工
作壓力讓他喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)。)
stress(v.):Thespeakerstressedtheimportanceof
education.(演講者強(qiáng)調(diào)了教育的重要性。)
串t己例句:Therearemanywaystomanagestress,suckas
exerciseandmeditation.(有很多方法可以管理壓力,例如運(yùn)動(dòng)和
冥想。)
30.gratitude(grttud)
詞性:名詞
中文釋義:感激,感恩
例句:Sheexpressedhergratitudefortheirhelp.(她表
達(dá)了對(duì)他們幫助的感激之情。)
同義詞:thankfulness,appreciation
反義詞:ingratitude,ungratefulness
搭配:feel/expressgratitudeforsomething/someone(對(duì)
某事/某人感到/表達(dá)感激)
拓展詞組:aheartfullofgratitude(充滿(mǎn)感激的心)
易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:注意與grateful(感激的)區(qū)分。
例句辨析:
gratitude:Ihaveimmensegratitudeformyfamilyand
friends.(我對(duì)我的家人和朋友無(wú)比感激。)
grateful:1amgratefulforyoursupport.(我很感激你的
支持。)
串記例句:Practicinggratitudecanimproveyouroverall
well-being.(練習(xí)感恩可以改善你的整體福祉。)
練習(xí):
一、選擇填空(選擇最合適的單詞填空)
Theteamwas_____(frustrated/frustrating)bytheir
repeatedfailures.
She(envied/admired)herfriend'stalentfor
painting.
Hefeltasenseof(despair/embarrassment)after
losingthecompetition.
Thechild1s(neglect/abuse)byhisparentswas
heartbreaking.
Theteacherwas(sympathetic/optimistic)tothe
studentfsconcerns.
Despitethechallenges,sheremained
(negative/optimistic)aboutthefuture.
Hetriedto____(restrain/relieve)hisanger,butitwas
difficult.
Theconstantnoisefromtheconstructionsite____
(annoyed/concerned)theresidents.
She____(complained/insulted)aboutthepoorserviceat
therestaurant.
Hefeltapangof____(jealousy/gratitude)whenhesaw
hisex-girlfriendwithsomeonenew.
二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
Thechildrenwere(eager)awaitingthearrivalof
SantaClaus.
His—(intense)gazemadeherfeeluncomfortable.
Shewas(conscious)ofthestaresfromtheother
passengers.
Themovie*sendingwasvery(upset).
Ihaveastrong____(prefer)forcoffeeovertea.
Hetriedto____(overcome)hisfearofheights.
Thecharityeventaimedto(relieve)thesuffering
ofrefugees.
Shefeltasenseof____(gratitude)forherfamily1s
support.
Thegovernment1spolicieswere(oppress)andunjust.
He(neglect)hisdutiesasafather.
三、完成句子(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子)
盡管比賽輸了,但他們沒(méi)有(法棄希望).
她對(duì)他的成就感到(又羨慕又嫉妒).
他對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的成功持(樂(lè)觀)態(tài)度.
不要讓______(消極的想法)阻礙你前進(jìn).
她試圖(控制)住自己的情緒.
他們對(duì)失去親人的人表示(同情).
他對(duì)藝術(shù)充滿(mǎn)______(熱情).
我對(duì)她安全感到(擔(dān)憂(yōu)).
她對(duì)他的______(侮辱)感到憤怒.
我們應(yīng)該對(duì)所擁有的一切心懷(感激).
四、閱讀理解
(一)
ThePowerofEmpathy
Empathy,theabilitytounderstandandsharethefeelings
ofothers,isafundamentalhumancapacitythatplaysacrucial
roleinoursociallives.Itallowsustoconnectwithothers
onadeeperlevel,buildstrongrelationships,andcreateamore
compassionateandcaringsociety.
Studieshaveshownthatempathyisessentialforeffective
communication,conflictresolution,andprosocialbehavior.
Whenweempathizewithothers,wearebetterabletoseethings
fromtheirperspective,understandtheirneeds,andrespondin
awaythatishelpfulandsupportive.
However,empathyisnotalwayseasy.Itrequiresustobe
opentotheexperiencesofothers,evenwhentheyaredifferent
fromourown.Italsorequiresustobewillingtofeel
uncomfortableemotions,suchassadness,anger,orfear.
Despitethesechallenges,cultivatingempathyisworththe
effort.Bydevelopingourcapacityforempathy,wecanimprove
ourrelationships,contributetoamorejustandequitable
world,andlivemorefulfillinglives.
1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage
a)Empathyisarareandspecialability.
b)Empathyisessentialforhumansocialinteraction.
c)Empathyisonlypossiblebetweenpeoplewhoaresimilar.
d)Empathyisthesameassympathy.
2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomebenefitsof
empathy
a)Improvedcommunication,conflictresolution,and
prosocialbehavior.
b)Increasedwealth,power,andstatus.
c)Enhancedphysicalhealthandwell-being.
d)Greatercreativityandintelligence.
3.Whatisonechallengeofempathymentionedinthepassage
a)Itrequiresustobeopentodifferentexperiences.
b)Itmakesusweakandvulnerable.
c)Itleadstoemotionalburnout.
d)Itistime-consumingandimpractical.
4.Theword"cultivating"inthepassageisclosestin
meaningto:
a)ignoring
b)criticizing
c)developing
d)suppressing
5.Whatistheauthor*soverallattitudetowardsempathy
a)Indifferent
b)Skeptical
c)Positive
d)Negative
(二)
TheBurdenofGratitude
Whilegratitudeisoftenseenasapositiveemotion,itcan
alsobeasourceofstressandanxietyforsomepeople.When
wefeelindebtedtoothers,wemayexperienceasenseof
obligationtorepaythem,whichcanleadtofeelingsofguilt,
inadequacy,orevenresentment.
Thisburdenofgratitudecanbeparticularlyheavywhenthe
favororgiftwereceivedissignificantorwhenwefeelunable
toreciprocateinkind.Itcanalsobeamplifiedbycultural
expectationsandsocialnormsthatemphasizetheimportanceof
repayingdebtsandexpressinggratitude.
However,itisimportanttorememberthatgratitudeisnot
atransaction.Whensomeonedoessomethingkindforus,they
arenotexpectinganythinginreturn.Thetruevalueof
gratitudeliesinthepositiveemotionsitgenerates,suchas
joy,appreciation,andconnection.
Ifyoufindyourselfstrugglingwiththeburdenof
gratitude,trytofocusonthepositiveaspectsofthesituation.
Remindyourselfthatthepersonwhohelpedyoudidsooutof
kindnessandthatyouarenotobligatedtorepaythem.Allow
yourselftosimplyfeelgratefulandenjoythepositive
emotionsthatcomewithit.
1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage
a)Gratitudeisalwaysapositiveemotion.
b)Gratitudecanbeaburdenforsomepeople.
c)Gratitudeisaculturalconstruct.
d)Gratitudeisthesameasindebtedness.
2.Accordingtothepassage,whenmighttheburdenof
gratitudebeespeciallyheavy
a)Whenthefavorissmallandinsignificant.
b)Whenweareabletoeasilyreciprocate.
c)Whenweareindifferenttothepersonwhohelpedus.
d)Whenthefavorissignificantorwefeelunableto
reciprocate.
3.Theword"reciprocate"inthepassageisclosestin
meaningto:
a)reject
b)return
c)forget
d)criticize
4.Accordingtothepassage,wha;isthetruevalueof
gratitude
a)Thematerialbenefitsitbrings.
b)Thesenseofobligationitcreates.
c)Thepositiveemotionsitgenerates.
d)Thesocialstatusitconfers.
5.Whatadvicedoestheauthoroffertothosestruggling
withtheburdenofgratitude
a)Focusonrepayingthedebtassoonaspossible.
b)Avoidexpressinggratitudetoavoidfeelingobligated.
c)Focusonthepositiveaspectsofthesituationandallow
yourselftofeelgrateful.
d)Cutoffcontactwiththepersonwhohelpedyou.
(三)
TheComplexityofEnvy
Envyisacomplexemotionthatcanbebothdestructiveand
motivating.Itariseswhenweperceivethatsomeoneelsehas
somethingwedesire,whetheritbematerialpossessicns,
personalqualities,orachievements.
Whileenvycanleadtonegativebehaviors,suchas
resentment,gossip,orevensabotage,itcanalsoserveasa
powerfulmotivator.Whenweenvysomeone*ssuccess,itcan
inspireustoworkharderandstriveforsimilarachievements.
Thekeytoharnessingthepositivepotentialofenvylies
inunderstandingitsunderlyingcausesandtransformingitinto
asourceofinspirationratherthannegativity.Insteadof
focusingonwhatw
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