2024秋高中英語(yǔ)Module1MyFirstDayatSeniorHighSectionⅡGrammar-復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在時(shí)；以-ed和-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞學(xué)案含解析外研版必修1

PAGE4-Module1MyFirstDayatSeniorHighSectionⅡGrammar——復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在時(shí)；以-ed和-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞[語(yǔ)法圖解][課文原句感知]①TodayismyfirstdayatSeniorHighschoolandI'mwritingdownmythoughtsaboutit.②We'reusinganewtextbook.③Theteacherswriteonthecomputer,andtheirwordsappearonthescreenbehindthem.④Everyroomhasacomputerwithaspecialscreen,almostasbigasacinemascreen.⑤TheEnglishclassisreallyinteresting.⑥Somestudentswereembarrassedatfirst.[語(yǔ)法領(lǐng)悟](1)句①②運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；其構(gòu)成為be＋現(xiàn)在分詞，其中be動(dòng)詞有人稱和數(shù)的改變。(2)句③④運(yùn)用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用動(dòng)詞原形或第三人稱單數(shù)形式。(3)句⑤⑥運(yùn)用了以-ing和-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞；其中以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞，常表示“令人……的”，以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞，常表示_“感到……的”。一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)表示現(xiàn)在常?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday,onceaweek等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Ioftenreadbooksinmysparetime.業(yè)余時(shí)間我常常看書。Wegotoschoolat6everyday.我們每天六點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。(2)表示主語(yǔ)的特征、性格、實(shí)力等。Maryisgoodatmusic.瑪麗擅長(zhǎng)音樂。HeknowsalotofEnglish.他英語(yǔ)懂得許多。(3)表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。Knowledgeispower.學(xué)問就是力氣。Pridegoesbeforeafall.驕者必?cái)　?4)在時(shí)間、讓步和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。Weshallnotbeginthediscussionuntilhearrives.等他來(lái)了，我們?cè)倨鹣忍接?。You'llmakegreatprogressifyouworkhard!你假如努力學(xué)習(xí)，就會(huì)取得很大進(jìn)步。(5)表示按規(guī)定、安排或時(shí)辰表將要發(fā)生的事，通常限于表示“位置轉(zhuǎn)移”的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(詞組)，如go,come,leave,start,begin,open,close,arrive,takeoff等，其后常跟有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Thetrainleavesat7：25thisevening.火車今晚7：25開。OursummervacationbeginsinearlyJuly.我們的暑假七月初起先。(6)用于小說(shuō)、故事、文學(xué)作品等的情節(jié)介紹、評(píng)論等。HarryPotterissetinthemodernworld.《哈利·波特》以現(xiàn)代世界為背景。[即學(xué)即練1](1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Theshopopens(open)atnineeveryday.②I'llfollowhimwhereverhegoes(go)．③Tomcalls(call)hisparentsonceaweek.④Thesunrises(rise)intheeastandsets(set)inthewest.(2)完成句子⑤飛機(jī)將于下午4點(diǎn)起飛。Theplanetakesoffat4pm.2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與now,atpresent,atthismoment,thesedays,thisweek/month等連用。Alltheclassmatesarereviewingthelessonintheclassroomnow.同學(xué)們正在教室里復(fù)習(xí)功課。Thesedayswearehelpingthefarmersworkonthefarm.這些天我們始終在農(nóng)場(chǎng)幫農(nóng)夫們干活。(2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常與always,continually,constantly,forever等表示頻度的副詞連用，表示常常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常含有厭煩、生氣、埋怨、贊揚(yáng)等情感。Sheisalwaysthinkingofothersinsteadofherself.她總是想著別人而不是她自己。(贊揚(yáng))Theboyisconstantlyaskingsuchsillyquestions.那個(gè)男孩老是提這類愚蠢的問題。(不耐煩)[名師點(diǎn)津]現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的這一用法與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的區(qū)分在于，后者只是說(shuō)明事實(shí)，不含感情色調(diào)。Heisconstantlydoinggoodworkatschool.他在學(xué)校總是成果優(yōu)秀。(表?yè)P(yáng))Hedoesgoodworkatschool.他在學(xué)校成果優(yōu)秀。(事實(shí))(3)在口語(yǔ)中，表示主語(yǔ)按安排將要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與come(來(lái)),go(去),leave(離開),depart(離開),arrive(到達(dá)),start/begin(起先),takeoff(起飛)等動(dòng)詞(詞組)連用。Mr.SmithisleavingforNanjingtonight.史密斯先生今晚去南京。[即學(xué)即練2](1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Theschoolbusis_waiting(wait)forus!②Anewcinemais_being_built(build)here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.(2)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成句子③Themothersnowarealwayssendingtheirchildren(總是送她們的孩子)toallkindsofclassesafterschool.④Heispreparing(正在打算)fortheexam.二、以-ing和-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞，主要用于說(shuō)明事物，表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征，通常譯為“令人……的”；以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞，通常用于說(shuō)明句中主語(yǔ)(人)的心情改變，常譯為“感到……的”。此類形容詞常見的有：amazing令人驚異的?amazed感到驚異的astonishing令人驚呆的?astonished驚呆的boring令人厭煩的?bored感到厭煩的disappointing令人悲觀的?disappointed悲觀的embarrassing令人尷尬的?embarrassed尷尬的encouraging令人鼓舞的?encouraged受到鼓舞的exciting令人興奮的?excited感到激烈的frightening令人膽怯 的?frightened膽怯 的interesting好玩的?interested感愛好的surprising令人驚異的?surprised感到驚異的tiring令人厭倦的?tired感到厭煩的[名師點(diǎn)津]以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞，也可修飾事物，被修飾詞多為look(表情)，smile(微笑)，appearance(外貌)，cry(哭聲)，voice(聲音)，mood(心情)等顯示人的情感狀況的名詞。此時(shí)需留意其修飾事物時(shí)與以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞修飾事物時(shí)意義的不同。asurprisinglook令人驚訝的表情(表情讓別人驚訝)asurprisedlook驚異的表情(自己驚訝)anamazingface令人驚異的面孔anamazedface驚異的面孔[即學(xué)即練3]用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Thefatherwasdisappointedatthedisappointingnewsthathissonfailedtheexam.(disappoint)②Therewasasurprisedlookonhisfacewhenheheardthesurprisingnews.(surprise)③Thechildrenwereencouragedwhentheysawtheencouragingfilm.(encourage)④Thequestionsthereportersaskedsometimeswereembarrassingandtheymademeembarrassed.(embarrass)鏈接高考——單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2024·天津)Mywashingmachineis_being_repaired(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.2．(2024·北京)Peoplehave(have)betteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto,andthey'relivinglongerasaresult.3．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Whensummercomes(come),theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthefreshvegetables!4．(2024·江蘇)He'sbeeninformedthathedoesn't_qualify(notqualify)forthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.5．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)We'rebringingyouanexciting(excite)eveningofliverockandpopmusicfromthebestlocalbands.6．(2024·湖南)Wheneveryoubuy(buy)apresent,youshouldthinkaboutitfromthereceiver'spointofview.7．(2024·湖南)WhatimpressedmemostwasthatIfailedinanEnglishexam,feelingextremelyupsetanddisappointed(disappoint)．8．(2024·重慶)You'dbetterwritedownherphonenumberbeforeyouforget(forget)it.