2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)課時(shí)分層作業(yè)4Unit2Improvingyourself含解析外研版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(四)Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Weallknowhowimportantsecurity(平安)istoyourenvironment.2．Asbabies，werely(依靠)entirelyonothersforfood.3．Manydivorcedfathersonlyhaveaccesstotheirchildrenatweekends.4．Heatthesauce，stirringconstantly．5．Wefirstbuildupadetailedprofile(概況)ofourcustomersandtheirrequirements.6．Ihadothermatterstooccupyme，duringthedayatleast.7．Theplanisdesignedtomotivate(激勵(lì))employeestoworkmoreefficiently.8．Doyouthinkshe'llnoticeifIswitch(轉(zhuǎn)換)myglasswithhers?Ⅱ.閱讀理解AFromaveryearlyage，somechildrenexhibitbetterself-controlthanothers.Now，anewstudythatbeganwithabout1，000childreninNewZealandhastrackedhowachild'slowself-controlcanpredictpoorhealth，moneytroublesandevenacriminalrecordintheiradultyears.Researchershavebeenstudyingthisgroupofchildrenfordecadesnow.Theyobservedthelevelofself-controltheyoungstersdisplayed.Parents，teachers，eventhekidsthemselves，scoredtheyoungstersonmeasureslike“actingbeforethinking”and“Persistenceinreachinggoals.”ThestudyledbyMoffittofDukeUniversityandcolleaguesfollowed1，000childrenfrombirthtoage32inDunedin，NewZealand.“Thechildrenwhohadthelowestself-controlwhentheywereagethreetoten，lateronhadthemosthealthproblemsintheir30s，”Moffittsaid，“andtheyhadtheworstfinancialsituation.Theyweremorelikelytohaveacriminalrecordandtoberaisingachildasasingleparentonaverylowincome.”Moffittexplainedthatself-controlproblemswerewidelyobserved，andweren'tjustafeatureofasmallgroupofmisbehavingkids.Moffittsaidit'sstillunclearwhysomechildrenhavebetterself-controlthanothers，thoughshesaidotherresearchershavefoundthatit'smostlyalearnedbehavior，withrelativelylittlegeneticinfluence.Butgoodself-controlcanbesettoruninfamiliesbecausechildrenwithgoodself-controlaremorelikelytogrowuptobehealthyandprosperousparents.Butthegoodnews，Moffittsaid，isthatself-controlcanbetaughtbyparents，andthroughschoolcurriculathathavebeenshowntobeeffective.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章主要講解并描述了自制力弱的孩子可能會(huì)健康狀況不佳，資金困難，甚至在成年后會(huì)有犯罪傾向。而孩子較強(qiáng)的自我限制實(shí)力能夠確定將來(lái)的勝利與健康。此外，良好的教養(yǎng)可以提高自我限制實(shí)力，遺傳因素對(duì)其影響較小。1．Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswelearnthat________．A．theresearchhasbeencarriedoutforfiveyearsB．self-controlinkidstendstodeterminetheirfutureC．self-controlwasassessedbychildren'sintelligenceD．children'sself-controlisalmostthesameatearlyageB[理解推斷題。依據(jù)前兩段的“achild'slowself-controlcanpredictpoorhealth，moneytroublesandevenacriminalrecordintheiradultyears.”可知自制力弱的孩子可能會(huì)健康狀況不佳，資金困難，甚至在成年后會(huì)有犯罪傾向。由此可知，自我限制強(qiáng)的孩子往往能確定自己的將來(lái)。故選B。]2．Childrenwithlowself-controlaremorelikelyto________．A．becomewealthyinlaterlifeB．getgoodschoolperformanceC．havebetterfinancialplanningD．a(chǎn)doptnegativebehaviorsD[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“achild'slowself-controlcanpredictpoorhealth，moneytroublesandevenacriminalrecordintheiradultyears.”可知自制力弱的孩子可能會(huì)健康狀況不佳，資金困難，甚至在成年后會(huì)有犯罪傾向。由此可知，自制力弱的孩子更有可能養(yǎng)成消極的行為。故選D。]3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Self-controlcannotbetaughtinschools.B．Thestudyisrestrictedwithinfewparticipants.C．It'snevertoolatetodealwithself-controlproblems.D．Goodparentingcanimproveself-controlandlifesuccess.D[推斷理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“thoughshesaidotherresearchershavefoundthatit'smostlyalearnedbehavior，withrelativelylittlegeneticinfluence.”可知自我限制實(shí)力是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)行為，遺傳因素對(duì)其影響較小。又“Moffittsaid，isthatself-controlcanbetaughtbyparents，andthroughschoolcurriculathathavebeenshowntobeeffective.”可知自我限制實(shí)力須要被父母教授。由此推知，良好的教養(yǎng)可以提高自我限制實(shí)力，更有可能收獲勝利。故選D。]4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Child'sSelf-controlPredictsFutureHealth，successB．KidsareEncouragedtoTakeRisksatanEarlyAgeC．Children'sDevelopmentCannotbeChangedbyTeachersD．HowtoTeachtheKidsaBitofSelf-controlinschools.A[標(biāo)題歸納題?？v觀全文，文章主要講解并描述了自制力弱的孩子可能會(huì)健康狀況不佳，資金困難，甚至在成年后會(huì)有犯罪傾向。而孩子的自我限制實(shí)力能夠確定將來(lái)的勝利與健康。故選A。]BWhenweareyoungwearetaughtthatit'swrongtolieandweshouldalwaystellthetruth.Unfortunately，mostchildrenlieevenifthey'retoldnotto.ResearchcarriedoutattheInstituteofChildStudyatTorontoUniversityhasshownthatthismightnotbesuchabadthing.Apparently(明顯地)，childrenwhotelllieswhenthey'retwoyearsoldhaveagoodchanceofbecomingsuccessfuladults(成年人)．Accordingtotheresearch，attheageoftwo，20percentofchildrenlie.Attheageofthree，50percentlie，andatfouralmost90percentlie.Bytheageoftwelvealmosteverychildtellslies.Lyingneedsmuchbrainwork，andthebetterthelieis，themoreworkthebrainhastodo.Bytrainingthebrainearly，researchersbelievechildrenwillbeabletothinkmoreclearlywhentheyareadults.Recentresearch，carriedoutbytheScienceMuseuminLondon，hasshownsomeinterestingfactsaboutthewaywelieasadults.Accordingtotheresearch，theaverageBritishmantellsthreelieseveryday；that'sover1，000liesayear.However，theaveragewomanapparentlyonlyliestwiceaday.Mostpeoplethinkwomenarebetterliars(說(shuō)謊者)thanmenalthoughinfacttheytellfewerlies.Popularwomen'sliesinclude‘Nothing'swrong，I'mfine'，‘Idon'tknowwhereitis，Ihaven'ttouchedit'，and‘Itwasn'tthatexpensive'.Somepeoplesayyoucanlieaslongasit'sawhitelie.Awhitelieisalietoldtoavoidhurtingsomeone'sfeelings.Oneofthemostcommonliesforbothmenandwomenis‘It'sjustwhatI'vealwayswanted'，saidafteropeningapresentfromtheirpartner.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章主要是有關(guān)謊言的調(diào)查探討。5．Whatwillhappentoyoungchildrenwholie?A．Theywillpossiblydowronglater.B．They'relikelytosucceedinthefuture.C．Theywillkeeplyingwhentheygrowup.D．Theymayhaveagoodchanceoflosingothers'trust.B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“childrenwhotelllieswhenthey'retwoyearsoldhaveagoodchanceofbecomingsuccessfuladults(成年人)．(兩歲時(shí)說(shuō)謊的孩子很有可能成為勝利的成年人)”可知，撒謊的小孩在以后很可能會(huì)取得勝利。故選B。]6．WhatdothenumbersinPara.2showaboutchildren?A．Olderchildrentellbiggerliesthanyoungerones.B．Astheygrowtheyoftenlieabouttheirage.C．Theoldertheyare，themorelikelytheylie.D．It'squitenaturalforthemtotelllies.C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的探討結(jié)果“Accordingtotheresearch，attheageoftwo，20percentofchildrenlie.Attheageofthree，50percentlie，andatfouralmost90percentlie.Bytheageoftwelvealmosteverychildtellslies.(依據(jù)這項(xiàng)探討，20%的兒童在兩歲時(shí)撒謊。三歲時(shí)，50%的孩子撒謊，四歲時(shí)，90%的孩子撒謊。到了12歲，幾乎每個(gè)孩子都會(huì)說(shuō)謊。)”可知，隨著孩子年齡的增長(zhǎng)，其說(shuō)謊的概率也在增長(zhǎng)。故選C。]7．WhatdidtheresearchbytheScienceMuseumfindout?A．Menliemorethanwomen.B．Womenarebetterliarsthanmen.C．Women'sliesareusuallynotserious.D．Mensometimeshavetolietowomen.A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Accordingtotheresearch，theaverageBritishmantellsthreelieseveryday；that'sover1，000liesayear.However，theaveragewomanapparentlyonlyliestwiceaday.(調(diào)查顯示，英國(guó)男性平均每天說(shuō)謊三次；一年就有超過(guò)1000個(gè)謊言。然而，女性平均每天只會(huì)說(shuō)謊兩次。)”可知，男性比女性說(shuō)的謊多。故選A。]8．What'sthetruefeelingbehindtheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraph?A．Youknowmesowell.B．Idon'tlikethepresent.C．Youaregoodatpickingpresents.D．Ihaven'treceivedapresentIreallylike.B[詞義揣測(cè)題。劃線部分是上文“Awhitelieisalietoldtoavoidhurtingsomeone'sfeelings.”說(shuō)明善意的謊言是一種避開(kāi)損害某人感情的謊言；下文“saidafteropeningapresentfromtheirpartner”說(shuō)明這句話是在收到來(lái)自伙伴的禮物后說(shuō)的話，由此可知，劃線部分是一句善意的謊言，其實(shí)說(shuō)話者并不喜愛(ài)這件禮物。故選B。]Ⅲ.閱讀七選五WhenIreceivedmyadmissiondecisionforMiddlebury，mymouthdroppedopeningenuine(真的)shock.1Feelingunprepared，Iwasconsideringtakingagapyear.However，inprocessingthis，Icouldonlythinkaboutthenegativepointsoftakingabreakbetweenhighschoolandcollege.Iwouldfallbehindmypeers.IwouldforgeteverythingIlearnedinhighschoolwithsevenmonthsofnolearning.2UponarrivingatMiddleburyfortheadmittedstudentdays，Iwasamazedatthebeautyofthetownandthecampus.WhilespeakingwithMiddkids(asstudentsarecalled)，theyallappearedhappyandgenerallystress-free.3InAugust，afewMiddkidsIhadmetandbefriendedduringtheadmittedstudentdayssuggestedgoingtoNewburyport，MAforaweek.Forthefirsttime，IwentonaroadtripwithsomeoneIhadonlyknownforafewmonths.Yet，thistripshowedmethefreedomofbeinganindependentadultinawayIhadnotfeltathome.4Mygapsemesterwasthebestbeginningtoadulthoodbecauseithelpedmebecomematureinanunexpectedandenrichingmanner，5Tostudentsreflectingonagapyear，bebraveanddothingsthatareoutsideyourcomfortzone.Talktopeople:theworldhassomuchtoteach.A．Ididn'tthinkIwasaworthyenoughcandidatetogetaccepted.B．Itwasmywayoflettinggoandstartinganewchapterofmylife.C．ButeventuallyIdecidedtoapplytoMiddleburyforafewreasons.D．Ialsoopenedmymindtothebenefitsoftalkingsometimeofffrommystudies.E．IfeltlikeagapyearwouldnarrowdownwhatIwantedtostudyanddoinmylife.F．MytripsprovidedmewithasenseoffreedomandindependenceIdidnotexperienceduringmyteens.G．OnceIrestartedmyacademicstudies，Iwouldactuallyperformbetterthanthosewhowentstraightfromhighschooltocollege.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章主要講解并描述了作者的間隔年旅行如何讓他成為一個(gè)自由獨(dú)立的成年人。1．A[依據(jù)上文中的“mymouthdroppedopeningenuine(真的)shock(我驚訝地張大嘴巴)”可以看出，被Middlebury錄用是意料之外的事情。因此可推想出在眾多申請(qǐng)者中他應(yīng)當(dāng)是很一般的。選項(xiàng)A“Ididn'tthinkIwasaworthyenoughcandida