甘肅省酒泉市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

酒泉市普通高中2024~2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末考試高一英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫(xiě)清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。4.本卷命題范圍：北師大版必修Book1~Book2Unit4。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C.￡9.18.答案是B。1.Whatcolordoesthemanlikebest?A.Blue.B.Green.C.Yellow.2.Whenwillthespeakersgoshopping?A.ThisSunday.B.NextSaturday.C.NextSunday.3.Whatisthetemperatureinthehouse?A.9℃.B.21℃.C.29℃.4.Whatisthewoman?A.Alibrarian.B.AmathteacherC.Auniversityprofessor.5.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Keepingfriendship.B.Talkingtofriends.C.Makingnewfriends.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheremightthespeakersbe?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inasupermarket.C.Atamovietheater.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonexttime?A.Sitinthebackseats.B.Bookticketsinadvance.C.Turntotheboy'sfatherforhelp.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.HowdidGeorgecontacttheman?A.Bymakingacall.B.Byhavingavideochat.C.Bysendinghimamessage.9.Whatisthemangoingtodothisevening?A.Hanguptheballoons.B.Makesomefood.C.Buyapresent.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydoesthemanfeelhappy?A.Itissaidthatthefinalexamwillbeeasy.B.Hehasbeenfullypreparedforthefinalexam.C.Heispleasedwiththeresultofthefinalexam.11.Whatdoestherecentexamfocuson?A.Listening,readingandspeaking.B.Speaking,translationandreading.C.Listeningtranslationandwriting.12.Whatisthecontentofthewoman'swordsattheendofthetalk?A.Offeringsomeadvice.BExpressingherappreciation.C.Askingforsomesuggestions.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowdoesthewomanfindDrBill'sservice?A.Wonderfulandcheap.B.Terribleandexpensive.C.Excellentbutexpensive.14.WhatwillthewomandoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Haveherteethexamined.B.Gotothecinemawiththeman.C.Haveanappointmentwithherfriend.15.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?AAtabookstore.B.Atthedoctor's.C.Atarestaurant.16.Whomighttakesomecake?A.David.B.Thewoman.C.Theman.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whydoesthespeakermakethespeech?A.Totellpeoplehowtotrainfortherace.B.Toinvitepeopletotakepartinarace.C.Tointroducethehistoryoftherace.18.Whencanpeoplecheckinandgettheirracenumber?A.At9:30.B.At10:15C.At10:30.19.Whoneedstopay$5torunintherace?A.Anadult.B.Achild.C.Afamily.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeoplebring?A.Somethingtoeat.B.Somethingtodrink.C.Somethingtoblockthesun.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATorontohousesover100ethnic(民族的)groupsthatspeakover140languages.Here’resomethingsaboutvisitingToronto.BestMonthstoVisitThebesttimestovisitTorontoarefromlateApriltoMayandfromSeptembertoOctober.Thebusiesttimeisinsummer.Butasitgetswarmer,pricesalsogoup.Ifyouwanttosavemoneyonhotels,bringawarmcoatandvisitinwinter.Ifyouwantgoodpricesandniceweather,springorfallcanbethebestchoice.CultureandCustomsThoughEnglishandFrenchareCanada’stwoofficiallanguages,you’llalsolikelytohearSpanish,Russian,Polish,Chinese(includingMandarinandCantonese)andsoon.ThisisallthankstoToronto’sever-increasingimmigrant(移民)population.Thereareavarietyofculturesandcustomshere.WhattoEatAsoneoftheworld’smostmulticulturalcities,notonlydoesTorontohaveaLittleItaly,butthere’salsoChinatown,andGreektown.Therearesomanyfoodsworthexploringherethatyoumayhavetoplananothertriportwo.GettingAroundTorontoThebestwaytogetaroundTorontoisbyusingpublictransportation.TheTorontoTransitCommission(TTC)hasthreetypesoftransport:subway,streetcar,andbus.Theserunthroughoutthecityandsuburbs.Ifyoudon’twanttousepublictransportation,youcanwalkorbikeinstead.TogettotheTorontoPearsonInternationalAirport,youcanusethesubwayortakeataxi.Takingataxiwillcostmuch,butthesubwayismuchcheaper.1.WhenmaypricesofproductsriseinToronto?A.Inspring. B.Insummer. C.Infall. D.Inwinter.2.WhichistheofficiallanguageinToronto?A.French. B.Spanish. C.Russian. D.Mandarin.3.HowmanywaysofgettingaroundTorontodoestheauthormention?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要說(shuō)明到加拿大多倫多旅游的有關(guān)事項(xiàng)，涉及最佳時(shí)間、語(yǔ)言、飲食和交通情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BestMonthstoVisit部分中的“Thebusiesttimeisinsummer.Butasitgetswarmer,pricesalsogoup.(最忙的時(shí)候是在夏天。但隨著天氣變暖，價(jià)格也會(huì)上漲。)”可知，夏季隨著天氣變暖，價(jià)格會(huì)上漲，由此可知，多倫多的商品價(jià)格會(huì)在夏季上漲。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CultureandCustoms部分中的“ThoughEnglishandFrenchareCanada’stwoofficiallanguages,you’llalsolikelytohearSpanish,Russian,Polish,Chinese(includingMandarinandCantonese)andsoon.(雖然英語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)是加拿大的兩種官方語(yǔ)言，但你也可能聽(tīng)到西班牙語(yǔ)、俄語(yǔ)、波蘭語(yǔ)、漢語(yǔ)（包括普通話和廣東話）等等。)”可知，英語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)是加拿大的兩種官方語(yǔ)言。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GettingAroundToronto部分中的“TheTorontoTransitCommission(TTC)hasthreetypesoftransport:subway,streetcar,andbus.Theserunthroughoutthecityandsuburbs.Ifyoudon’twanttousepublictransportation,youcanwalkorbikeinstead.(多倫多交通委員會(huì)（TTC）有三種交通工具：地鐵、有軌電車(chē)和公共汽車(chē)。它們遍布城市和郊區(qū)。如果你不想乘坐公共交通工具，你可以步行或騎自行車(chē)。)”以及“Takingataxiwillcostmuch,butthesubwayismuchcheaper.(乘出租車(chē)要花很多錢(qián)，但乘地鐵要便宜得多。)”可知，文中提到了六種交通方式：地鐵、有軌電車(chē)、公交車(chē)、步行、騎自行車(chē)和出租車(chē)。故選D項(xiàng)。B“WhenIwasyoung,IhadsomuchenergyandIlovedbuildingthings.IfIhadanidea,IhadtobuildsomethingrightnowusingwhatIcouldfindaroundme,”saysDanishartistThomasDambo.WhenDambowassevenyearsold,heboughtamountainofcushions(墊子)fromanearbymarkettobuildagameroominhisparents’house.Asateenager,hebuilta“crazy”castleinhisbackyard.Yearslater,42-year-oldDamboisproudlyshowinghislatestwork:agiant(巨人)calledLittleLui.Fivemeterstall,LittleLuiisoneofthesixgiantsplacedinthecornersofPeelRegionofWesternAustralia,whichwillbeonshowforatleastayear.ThisworkmakesDambo’sgiantsupto99aroundtheworld.Hisgentlegiantshavefoundhomesinmanydifferentcountries,asfarastheUnitedStates,Belgium,China,Denmark,SouthKoreaandnowinAustralia.“Forme,giantsrepresentthevoiceofnature,”Dambosays.ThisdeeprespectfornatureisthefocusofDambo’sbuildingworks.Dambo’sgiantsaremadealmostfromlocalrecycledwood:theirfacesfromsecond-handfurnitureandtheirhairfromtreebranchesandleaves.Ittookabout750hourstocompleteagiant.Eachgiantwasbuiltoutinnature.“Ihopebyvisitingthegiants,peoplewillthinkofrubbishasaresource.Ithinkit’sreallyimportantthatnextgenerationsareconnectedtonature,”Dambosays.“That’swhyItriedtobuildthegiantstoattractyoungpeople.Iwantpeopletobeinspiredandtorealizetheydon’tneedalottocreatesomethingbigandbeautiful.”4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeyoungDambo?A.Shy. B.Creative. C.Self-focused. D.Weak.5.WhatcanweknowaboutLittleLui?A.Itwillbeshowntothepublic. B.It’sDambo’sfirstgiant.C.Itiskeptunderground. D.ItwasbuiltinDenmark.6.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thecostofthegiants.B.Theappearanceofthegiants.C.Whatthegiantsstandfor.D.Whatpeoplethinkofthegiants.7.WhatdoesDamboplantodowithhisgiants?A.Inspiremorepeopletotakerisks.B.HelppeoplespendlesstimeplayinggamesC.Encouragetheyoungtogetclosetonature.D.Callontheyoungtokeepourenvironmentclean.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.C【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文。文章主要敘述藝術(shù)家ThomasDambo從小就喜歡搭建，現(xiàn)在通過(guò)利用回收的家具和樹(shù)枝樹(shù)葉搭建巨人造型，吸引年輕人接近自然，創(chuàng)造美好事物?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“WhenDambowassevenyearsold,heboughtamountainofcushions(墊子)fromanearbymarkettobuildagameroominhisparents’house.Asateenager,hebuilta“crazy”castleinhisbackyard.(當(dāng)Dambo七歲的時(shí)候，他從附近的市場(chǎng)買(mǎi)了一堆墊子，在父母家里建了一個(gè)游戲室。十幾歲的時(shí)候，他在后院建了一座“瘋狂”的城堡。)”可知，Dambo小時(shí)候用墊子在父母家建游戲室，他還在后院建“瘋狂”城堡，由此可推斷，Dambo很有創(chuàng)造力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Fivemeterstall,LittleLuiisoneofthesixgiantsplacedinthecornersofPeelRegionofWesternAustralia,whichwillbeonshowforatleastayear.(5米高的“LittleLui”是放置在西澳大利亞皮爾地區(qū)角落里的六個(gè)巨人之一，它將展出至少一年。)”可知，LittleLui將在西澳大利亞皮爾地區(qū)角落展出至少一年，由此可知，LittleLui將向公眾展出。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中““Forme,giantsrepresentthevoiceofnature,”Dambosays.ThisdeeprespectfornatureisthefocusofDambo’sbuildingworks.“對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，巨人代表著大自然的聲音，”Dambo說(shuō)。這種對(duì)自然的深切尊重是Dambo建筑作品的重點(diǎn)。)”可知，該段主要講述了巨人所代表的意義，即代表自然的聲音，體現(xiàn)對(duì)自然的尊重。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Dambo的話“Ithinkit’sreallyimportantthatnextgenerationsareconnectedtonature.(我認(rèn)為讓下一代與自然保持聯(lián)系非常重要。)”和“That’swhyItriedtobuildthegiantstoattractyoungpeople.(這就是為什么我試圖建造巨人來(lái)吸引年輕人。)”可知，Dambo認(rèn)為讓下一代與自然保持聯(lián)系很重要，所以他建造巨人吸引年輕人，由此可知，Dambo想利用他的巨人造型鼓勵(lì)年輕人接近大自然。故選C項(xiàng)。CAnewtrendcalled“praisegroups”or“in-need-of-praise”chatgroupshasbecomepopularonChinesesocialmedia.InChineseculture,wheremodesty(謙遜)isvalued,openlyseekingandgivingpraiseisuncommon.Thesechatgroupsprovideaplatformforpeopletoreceivecompliments(贊揚(yáng))andencouragement,whichareoftenlackingintheirdailylives.Tojoinapraisegroup,userscanpayafeeone-commercesites,startingat50yuanforfiveminutesofcompliments.Thegroupmemberswillthenshowthepersonwithpraisesandkindwords.Thecomplimentscanbedesignedforafriendorlovedoneaswell.Participantshavefoundthatbeingpraisedbystrangerscanhelplifttheirspiritsandimprovetheirself-confidence.Forexample,MengZha,astudentatShanghai’sTongjiUniversity,triedtheserviceandfounditamusingandhelpful.Shereceivedcomplimentsonherappearanceandevensomecontentfrompopularsongs.MsMengcouldn’thelpbutlaughatthecomplimentsandexpressedherdesiretopostsuchhigh-qualitypraisesinthefuture.PraisegroupshaveappearedasawayforpeopleinChinatoseekandreceivecomplimentsandencouragementthatmaybelackingintheirdailylives.Itprovidesapositiveandupliftingexperienceforparticipants,improvingasenseofhappinessandself-worth.Thosewhosupportthegroups,seethemasamethodofdealingwithextremelybadmoods(情緒)whichareoftenrelatedtothingshappeningontheInternet.“Atfirst,thepurposeofthisgroupistomakeuslearntopraiseothersandacceptothers’praisesconfidently.Herewecandropeverything,anduseourhearttopraiseandsupportothers,”onemembersaid.“Butthelifejourneyislongandtherearesomeunexpectedsituationsthatwecanonlydependonourselvestofacewhenthereisnooneouttheretoofferhelp.”8.Whatisthepurposeofpraisegroups?A.Tomakeordinarypeoplepopular. B.Tosolvepeople’sproblems.C.Tosharecommoninterests. D.Tomakeothershappyandconfident.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutMengZhafromparagraph3?A.Shewasnotstrongenough. B.Shewassatisfiedwiththeservice.C.Shewasunderworkingstress D.Shewasagiftedsingerinherarea.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uplifting”inthefourthparagraphmean?A.Surprisingandrare. B.Excitingandcheerful.C.Sadandunforgettable. D.Worryinganduncomfortable.11.Howdoesthegrouppraiseothersinthelastparagraphaccordingthemember?A.Honestly. B.Easily. C.Slightly. D.Informally.【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要簡(jiǎn)述了夸夸群的含義以及給人們帶來(lái)的好處。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thesechatgroupsprovideaplatformforpeopletoreceivecompliments(贊揚(yáng))andencouragement,whichareoftenlackingintheirdailylives.(這些聊天群為人們提供了一個(gè)接受贊美和鼓勵(lì)的平臺(tái)，而這些在日常生活中往往是缺乏的)”和第四段中“PraisegroupshaveappearedasawayforpeopleinChinatolookforandreceivecomplimentsandencouragementthatmaybelackingintheirdailylives.(夸夸群的出現(xiàn)，是中國(guó)人尋求和接受日常生活中可能缺乏的贊美和鼓勵(lì)的一種方式)”可知，這些群聊為人們提供了一個(gè)接受贊美和鼓勵(lì)的平臺(tái)，是人們尋求和接受日常生活中可能缺乏的贊美和鼓勵(lì)的一種方式。由此推知，夸夸群的目的是給人們帶來(lái)希望和幸福。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“MsMengcouldn’thelpbutlaughatthecomplimentsandexpressedherdesiretopostsuchhigh-qualitypraisesinthefuture.(孟女士忍不住笑了起來(lái)，并表示希望以后也能發(fā)表這樣高質(zhì)量的贊揚(yáng))”可知，孟女士希望也能發(fā)表這樣高質(zhì)量的贊揚(yáng)。由此可知，孟女士對(duì)夸夸群的服務(wù)是很滿意的。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Itprovidesapositive(它提供了積極樂(lè)觀的)”以及后文“improvingasenseofhappinessandself-worth.(提高幸福感和自我價(jià)值感)”可知，此處表示“它為參與者提供了積極的體驗(yàn)，提高了幸福感和自我價(jià)值感”，劃線單詞與positive為并列關(guān)系，由此可知，劃線單詞的意思應(yīng)與Excitingandcheerful(令人興奮和愉快)的意義相近。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的““Atfirst,thepurposeofthisgroupistomakeuslearntopraiseothersandacceptothers’praisesconfidently.Herewecandropeverything,anduseourhearttopraiseandsupportothers,”onemembersaid.(“起初，這個(gè)群的目的是讓我們學(xué)會(huì)贊美別人，并自信地接受別人的贊美。在這里，我們可以放下一切，用我們的心去贊美和支持別人，”一位成員說(shuō))”可知，其中一個(gè)成員認(rèn)為，在群里可以放下一切，用心去贊美和支持別人。由此可知，小組成員認(rèn)為這類群真誠(chéng)地贊美別人。故選A項(xiàng)。DArecentstudycarriedoutbyusing28yearsofdatahasprovedtheoldsaying:There’snosuchthingasafreelunch.Inthestudy,scientistsfoundthatdolphinmothersthatinteract(互動(dòng))withboaters(乘船游樂(lè)者)havenearlytwiceasmanybabiesasfemaledolphinsthatstayaway.Butthosebabiesareninetimesmorelikelytodiebeforereachingadulthood.ThenumberonecauseoftheirdeathinSarasotaBayisrelatedtosportfishing.Thathighdeathratebringsaboutaproblemforthepopulationasawhole.IntheUnitedStates,feedingdolphinsisillegalundertheMarineMammalProtectionActof1972,butitstillhappensoften.Eventhoughwemightnotmeantofeedthem,withjustourpresence,theseanimalsareusedtobeingaroundhumansmore.Thatclosenessincreasesadolphin’sriskofbeingstruckbyaboat,trappedinafishingline,orcaughtbyafishinghook.Dolphinsaresmartandsocialanimalsandtheirbegginghasmotivations.Gettingfishfrompeopleinsteadofhuntingcouldallowfemaledolphinstosavetimeandenergythattheycaninsteadputtowardreproduction(繁殖).Itmakessensethatthedolphinseatingupbait(誘餌),gettingfishfromafisher’sline,andapproachingboatsforfoodcanhavemorebabies.However,studiesofotherspeciesaroundtheworld,suchasgreenseaturtlesintheBahamas,showthatanimalsthatbecomedependentonhumanhandoutsstophuntingforfood.ThisistrueofSarasotaBay’sdolphins,andit’sapreferencethattheypasson.Dolphinsfromonefamilyhavebeenapproachingboatsforfourgenerations.Thatbehaviorisevenmoredangerousfortheyoungsters—littledolphinscanbekilledbyboatsorfishingequipmentastheytrytostayclosetotheirmoms.Forthesedolphinmothers,losingbabiesonebyonelikelycausesemotionalsuffering.Overtime,thisstressonfemaledolphinsandthedeathsofsomanybabiescouldcausepopulationnumberstofall.Wecan’tstopthedolphinsfrominteractingwithhumans.Butwecanteachpeopletoenjoywildanimalsfromasafedistance.Andfordolphins’owngood,stopgivingthemfood.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutfemaledolphinsinteractingwithhumans?A.Theycanhelpincreasethenumberofdolphins.B.Theymaysufferlessfromsportfishing.C.Theymaylookforfoodmoveactively.D.Theycanhavemorebabydolphins.13.Whydodolphinslikebeingaroundpeople?A.Togetfoodlikefishfromthem.B.Tohuntmorefishontheirown.C.Toplaywithfishinglinesorhooks.D.Toteachtheirbabiestoswimfaster.14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestionpeopledo?A.Stopdolphinsfromfollowingboats.B.Stopraisingyoungdolphins.C.Stopfeedingdolphins.D.Stopsportfishing.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Dolphins’populationB.EnjoywildanimalscloserC.Dolphins’interactionwithboatersD.Keepasafedistancefromdolphins【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹的是一項(xiàng)研究表明，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)與乘船游樂(lè)者互動(dòng)的海豚媽媽是遠(yuǎn)離的雌性海豚生育孩子的兩倍，但也隨之帶來(lái)許多嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Inthestudy,scientistsfoundthatdolphinmothersthatinteract(互動(dòng))withboaters(乘船游樂(lè)者)havenearlytwiceasmanybabiesasfemaledolphinsthatstayaway.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與乘船游樂(lè)者互動(dòng)的海豚母親所生的幼崽數(shù)量幾乎是那些遠(yuǎn)離人類的雌性海豚的兩倍。)”可知，與乘船游樂(lè)者互動(dòng)的海豚母親生更多的海豚寶寶。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Gettingfishfrompeopleinsteadofhuntingcouldallowfemaledolphinstosavetimeandenergythattheycaninsteadputtowardreproduction(繁殖).(從人類那里得到魚(yú)而不是自己捕獵可以讓雌性海豚節(jié)省時(shí)間和能量，轉(zhuǎn)而投入更多的精力到繁殖上。)”可知，從人類哪里得到魚(yú)而不是自己捕獵可以讓雌性海豚節(jié)省時(shí)間和能量，由此可知，海豚喜歡和人在一起是因?yàn)榭梢詮娜四抢锏玫绞澄?。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段的“Wecan’tstopthedolphinsfrominteractingwithhumans.Butwecanteachpeopletoenjoywildanimalsfromasafedistance.Andfordolphins’owngood,stopgivingthemfood.(我們無(wú)法阻止海豚與人類的互動(dòng)。但是我們可以教人們?cè)诎踩木嚯x外欣賞野生動(dòng)物。為了海豚好，不要再喂它們食物了。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為，為了海豚自身的利益，停止給它們喂食，由此可知，作者建議人們停止給海豚喂食。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Inthestudy,scientistsfoundthatdolphinmothersthatinteract(互動(dòng))withboaters(乘船游樂(lè)者)havenearlytwiceasmanybabiesasfemaledolphinsthatstayaway.Butthosebabiesareninetimesmorelikelytodiebeforereachingadulthood.(在這項(xiàng)研究中，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，與乘船游樂(lè)者互動(dòng)的海豚媽媽的寶寶數(shù)量幾乎是遠(yuǎn)離乘船游樂(lè)者的雌性海豚的兩倍。但這些海豚寶寶在成年前死亡的可能性要高出9倍。)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)與乘船游樂(lè)者互動(dòng)的海豚媽媽產(chǎn)更多的海豚寶寶，但這些海豚寶寶的活到成年的可能性較低，結(jié)合尾段的“Wecan’tstopthedolphinsfrominteractingwithhumans.Butwecanteachpeopletoenjoywildanimalsfromasafedistance.Andfordolphins’owngood,stopgivingthemfood.(我們無(wú)法阻止海豚與人類的互動(dòng)。但是我們可以教人們?cè)诎踩木嚯x外欣賞野生動(dòng)物。為了海豚好，不要再喂它們食物了。)”可知，文章主要討論了海豚與人類互動(dòng)所帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響，特別是對(duì)幼年海豚的高死亡率，并建議人們應(yīng)該保持安全距離并停止喂食海豚，所以題目“與海豚保持安全距離”符合文章主題，適合為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplelikegoingontripsduringtheholidays.____16____.Doyoustillwanttogetawaythissummerbutspendlessmoney?Ifso,here’sanidea:Camping.Ifyou’reinterestedinbeingoutinnature,anddon’tminddirtyshoesandwettents(帳篷),itmightbetheholidayforyou.____17____.Luckily,there’slotsofadviceonlineforthefirst-timecampers.DosomeplanningfirstIfit’syourfirsttime,youdon’tneedtobuyeverypieceofcampingequipment—youmaynevergoagain!Butdogettheimportantthings.Mostexpertssayit’sworthwhilespendingmoneyonagoodtent.MountainWarehouseisanoutdoorequipmentcompany.____18____.Forexample,iftherearetwoofyougoingcamping,getathree-orfour-persontenttohavespaceforyourbagsandotheritems.Checkyourtentandotherthingsbeforeyoutravel____19____,orevenplaceitinsideyourroom,toseewhatit’slikeandhowitworks.Therearelotsofwebsitesthatgiveyoulistsofotherthingsyou’llneed.Butdon’tforgetafirst-aidpacketandsome“just-in-case”things.Theyincludeextraclothes,foodandcoats.____20____Checkthefacilities(設(shè)施)ithas,andperhapschooseoneclosetosomehouses!Butfinally,themostimportantthingthatyoushouldcareaboutistobesafe!A.However,you’llneedtobepreparedB.YoucanputthetentupinyourgardenC.Thinkabouttheplacewhereyou’reheadingD.ButflightsandhotelsareoftentooexpensiveE.YoucanhaveachatordootheramusingthingsinyourtentF.ThenyoucanpackupyourthingsandcleanuptheplacearoundyourtentG.Itsuggestsgettingonethat’sasizeortwobiggerthanthenumberofpeopleusingit【答案】16.D17.A18.G19.B20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要給初次去野外露營(yíng)的人提出幾點(diǎn)建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前的“Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplelikegoingontripsduringtheholidays.(現(xiàn)在，越來(lái)越多的人喜歡在假期去旅行)”可知，很多人喜歡假期去度假，結(jié)合空后的“Doyoustillwanttogetawaythissummerbutspendlessmoney?Ifso,here’sanidea:Camping.(今年夏天你還想出去玩，但要少花錢(qián)嗎？如果是這樣，我有個(gè)主意：露營(yíng))”可知，想要去度假，又希望花錢(qián)少，可以選擇去露營(yíng)，由此可推斷，此空涉及到度假的費(fèi)用問(wèn)題，D選項(xiàng)“Butflightsandhotelsareoftentooexpensive(但機(jī)票和酒店往往太貴了)”與空前為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且提供了一個(gè)選擇露營(yíng)的原因，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前的“Ifyou’reinterestedinbeingoutinnature,anddon’tminddirtyshoesandwettents(帳篷),itmightbetheholidayforyou.(如果你對(duì)大自然感興趣，并且不介意臟鞋子和濕帳篷，它可能適合你的假期)”可知，此處介紹了選擇露營(yíng)度假的特點(diǎn)，結(jié)合空后的“Luckily,there’slotsofadviceonlineforthefirst-timecampers.(幸運(yùn)的是，網(wǎng)上有很多針對(duì)初次露營(yíng)者的建議)”可知，初次露營(yíng)需要一些建議，由此可推斷，即使不介意露營(yíng)存在的臟鞋子和濕帳篷的問(wèn)題，也應(yīng)該為此做一些準(zhǔn)備，A選項(xiàng)“However,you’llneedtobeprepared(然而，你需要做好準(zhǔn)備)”與空前為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合邏輯，且引出空后講述的內(nèi)容，從而引出下文要講述的露營(yíng)需要做的一些準(zhǔn)備，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“Forexample,iftherearetwoofyougoingcamping,getathree-orfour-persontenttohavespaceforyourbagsandotheritems.(例如，如果你們有兩個(gè)人去露營(yíng)，買(mǎi)一個(gè)三人或四人的帳篷，這樣就有空間放你的包和其他物品)”可知，通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明露營(yíng)如何選擇帳篷，G選項(xiàng)“Itsuggestsgettingonethat’sasizeortwobiggerthanthenumberofpeopleusingit(它建議買(mǎi)一個(gè)比使用它的人數(shù)大一兩碼的)”講述的內(nèi)容與空后所列舉的例子內(nèi)容吻合，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段主題句“Checkyourtentandotherthingsbeforeyoutravel(旅行前檢查你的帳篷和其他東西)”可知，本段建議旅行前檢查一下帳篷，空后的“orevenplaceitinsideyourroom,toseewhatit’slikeandhowitworks.(甚至可以把它放在房間里，看看感覺(jué)如何以及它是如何工作的)”可知，此處講述的是將帳篷放置某地檢查一下帳篷，確保帳篷的功能正常，B選項(xiàng)“Youcanputthetentupinyourgarden(你可以把帳篷搭在你的花園里)”講述的內(nèi)容與空后的“orevenplaceitinsideyourroom”內(nèi)容一致，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】此處為本段的主題句，與其他段落的主題句結(jié)構(gòu)一致，應(yīng)為祈使句，結(jié)合空后的“Checkthefacilities(設(shè)施)ithas,andperhapschooseoneclosetosomehouses!Butfinally,themostimportantthingthatyoushouldcareaboutistobesafe!(檢查那里有什么設(shè)施，并且可以選擇靠近房屋的地方！但最重要的是要注意安全！)”可知，此處講述的是考慮露營(yíng)地點(diǎn)的選擇，包括檢查設(shè)施，并建議選擇靠近房屋的地方以增加安全性，C選項(xiàng)“Thinkabouttheplacewhereyou’reheading(考慮您的目的地)”為祈使句，且講述的內(nèi)容概括了本段的主題，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Mymotheronlyhasafifth-gradeeducation.Lifeishardforherto____21____measasinglemotherinaforeigncountry.Overtheyears,shehasbeena(n)____22____.Whensheworked,sheusedtospenduptoninehoursineachclient’s(客戶)home.Butfewofherclientseverstoppedtoreallyspeaktoher,orto____23____thiswomanwhospentyearscleaningeverycorneroftheirhomes.Iknewthe____24____ofmymom,soIstudied____25____togetasmuchknowledgeasIcould.Once,Ipublishedastoryinabook.Whensheshowedmyfrontstorytooneclient,shefeltthatsomeonebegantocareabout____26____innearlyfortyyearsinthiscountry____27____whatshehelpedme____28____withrags(抹布)andsoap.Theywereawareofher____29____.Now,eachtimeIreacha_____30_____,I’llbereally_____31_____toshareitwithher.Thefirsttimeshesetfootonmycollegecampus,shebroughtavideocamera.Shewalkedaroundmycampusforhours,_____32_____everybuildingandtreehappily.Yearslater,whenshereturnedformy_____33_____,shebroughtanoldwhiterag,justliketheonessheusedtocleanhouses.Ifeltabit_____34_____.Butwhentheceremonywasover,Iunderstoodeverything.Shewassotouchedthatsheusedtheragtowipeher_____35_____.21.A.raise B.seek C.favor D.contact22.A.editor B.cleaner C.athlete D.designer23.A.fallbehind B.crashinto C.applyto D.learnabout24.A.hardship B.relief C.image D.shift25.A.frankly B.seriously C.officially D.fluently26.A.him B.her C.another D.each27.A.becauseof B.insteadof C.inchargeof D.inplaceof28.A.organize B.deliver C.summarize D.achieve29.A.schedule B.system C.strength D.selection30.A.button B.basis C.reality D.goal31.A.confused B.afraid C.eager D.amazed32.A.filming B.decorating C.marking D.drawing33.A.discussion B.birthday C.wedding D.graduation34.A.comfortable B.strange C.joyful D.stressed35.A.chair B.glass C.tears D.hands【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.B26.B27.A28.D29.C30.D31.C32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為記敘文。主要講述了作者在單親媽媽的辛勤勞作中成長(zhǎng)為大學(xué)生的故事。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)單身母親，在異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)撫養(yǎng)我對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)是很困難的。A.raise撫養(yǎng)；B.seek尋找；C.favor偏愛(ài)；D.contact聯(lián)系。根據(jù)常識(shí)和下文“asasinglemotherinaforeigncountry.”可知，此處應(yīng)表示作為一個(gè)單身母親，在異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)把作者養(yǎng)大是很困難的。故選A項(xiàng)。22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來(lái)，她一直是一名清潔工。A.editor編輯；B.cleaner清潔工；C.athlete運(yùn)動(dòng)員；D.designer設(shè)計(jì)師。根據(jù)下文“thiswomanwhospentyearscleaningeverycorneroftheirhomes.”可知，此處應(yīng)表示母親一直是個(gè)清潔工。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：但她的客戶很少停下來(lái)和她真正交談，或者了解這個(gè)花了幾年時(shí)間打掃他們家每個(gè)角落的女人。A.fallbehind落后；B.crashinto撞上；C.applyto申請(qǐng)；適用于；D.learnabout了解。根據(jù)上文“Butfewofherclientseverstoppedtoreallyspeaktoher”提到她的客戶很少停下來(lái)和她真正交談，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他們也很少了解這個(gè)花了幾年時(shí)間打掃他們家每個(gè)角落的女人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我媽媽的辛苦，所以我認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，以獲得盡可能多的知識(shí)。A.hardship困難；B.relief減輕；安慰；C.image形象；D.shift轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)上文“Lifeishardforherto____1____measasinglemotherinaforeigncountry.”可知，作為一個(gè)單身母親，在異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)把作者養(yǎng)大是很困難的，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示作者知道母親的辛苦。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我媽媽的辛苦，所以我認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，以獲得盡可能多的知識(shí)。A.frankly坦率地；B.seriously認(rèn)真地；C.officially正式地；D.fluently流利地。根據(jù)上文的“Iknewthe____4____ofmymom,so…”以及下文的“togetasmuchknowledgeasIcould.”可知，作者知道母親的辛苦，所以認(rèn)真地探索知識(shí)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她把我在頭版的故事給一位客戶看時(shí)，這是她在這個(gè)國(guó)家近四十年來(lái)為數(shù)不多的幾次感到自己被重視，因?yàn)檫@是她用抹布和肥皂幫助我取得了成就。A.him他；B.her她；C.another另一個(gè)；D.each每個(gè)。根據(jù)上文的“Butfewofherclientseverstoppedtoreallyspeaktoher,”可知，以前幾乎沒(méi)有客戶真正的在意她，此處以上文的內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)，所以應(yīng)指的是“她”自己被重視。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)她把我在頭版的故事給一位客戶看時(shí)，這是她在這個(gè)國(guó)家近四十年來(lái)為數(shù)不多的幾次感到自己被重視，因?yàn)檫@是她用抹布和肥皂幫助我取得了成就。A.becauseof因?yàn)?；B.insteadof代替；C.inchargeof負(fù)責(zé)；D.inplaceof代替。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和上下文的句意可知，上下文之間為因果關(guān)系，表示“因?yàn)椤弊髡叩某删褪撬媚ú己头试韼椭髡呷〉玫?，從而引起客戶的注意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她把我在頭版的故事給一位客戶看時(shí)，這是她在這個(gè)國(guó)家近四十年來(lái)為數(shù)不多的幾次感到自己被重視，因?yàn)檫@是她用抹布和肥皂幫助我取得了成就。A.organize組織；B.deliver遞送；C.summarize總結(jié)；D.achieve取得，實(shí)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“Whensheshowedmyfrontstorytooneclient”以及“becauseofwhatshehelpedme”和下文“withragsandsoap”可知，作者上了頭版，有了成就，由此可推斷，此處應(yīng)表示因?yàn)檫@是她用抹布和肥皂幫助作者取得了成就。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們意識(shí)到她的力量。A.schedule時(shí)間表；B.system系統(tǒng)；C.strength力量；D.selection選擇。根據(jù)上文的“shefeltthatsomeonebegantocareabout____6____innearlyfortyyearsinthiscountry____7____whatshehelpedme____8____withrags(抹布)andsoap.”可知，作者取得的成就是靠她用抹布和肥皂幫助而取得的，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他們意識(shí)到了她的力量。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，每次我達(dá)到一個(gè)目標(biāo)，我都會(huì)非?？释c她分享。A.button按鈕；B.basis基礎(chǔ)；C.reality現(xiàn)實(shí)；D.goal目標(biāo)。根據(jù)上文的“Once,Ipublishedastoryinabook.”可知，作者因此而上了頭版出了名，母親就展示給自己的客戶看，為此而感受到別人的重視和自豪，由此可推斷，現(xiàn)在作者應(yīng)是每實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)“目標(biāo)”，就會(huì)與母親分享，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，每次我達(dá)到一個(gè)目標(biāo)，我都會(huì)非?？释c她分享。A.confused困惑的；B.afraid害怕的；C.eager渴望的；D.amazed驚訝的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境以及上文的“Now,eachtimeIreacha____10____”可知，作者能感受到母親見(jiàn)到自己取得成就后的自豪感，所以每次實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)后“渴望”與母親分享，以此讓母親感到高興。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她在我的校園里走了幾個(gè)小時(shí)，開(kāi)心地拍攝每一棟建筑和每一棵樹(shù)。A.filming拍攝；B.decorating裝飾；C.marking標(biāo)記；D.drawing繪畫(huà)。根據(jù)上文的“Thefirsttimeshesetfootonmycollegecampus,shebroughtavideocamera.”可知，母親第一次進(jìn)入作者的大學(xué)校園時(shí)帶著一個(gè)攝像機(jī)，由此可知推斷，此處應(yīng)表示母親開(kāi)心地拍攝每一棟建筑和每一棵樹(shù)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多年以后，當(dāng)她回來(lái)參加我的畢業(yè)典禮時(shí)，她帶來(lái)了一塊舊的白色抹布，就像她用來(lái)打掃房子的那種。A.discussion討論；B.birthday生日；C.wedding婚禮；D.graduation畢業(yè)。根據(jù)上文的“Yearslater”以及下文“Butwhentheceremonywasover,Iunderstoodeverything.”可知，作者在典禮結(jié)束時(shí)明白了一切，由此可推斷，此處應(yīng)表示母親回來(lái)參加作者的畢業(yè)典禮。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)奇怪。A.comfortable舒適的；B.strange奇怪的；C.joyful快樂(lè)的；D.stressed緊張的。根據(jù)上文的“Yearslater,whenshereturnedformy____13____,shebroughtanoldwhiterag,justliketheonessheusedtocleanhouses.”可知，參加作者畢業(yè)典禮那天，母親帶來(lái)了一塊舊的白色抹布，結(jié)