2024屆福建省部分地市高中畢業(yè)班第一次質(zhì)檢英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

廈門(mén)市2024屆高中畢業(yè)班第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題本試卷共12頁(yè)，考試時(shí)間120分鐘，總分150分。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwasthefinalscore?A.3:2.B.3:3.C.3:4.2.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Tochangeanappointment.B.Toaskaboutwork.C.Toarrangeatrip.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthesciencetest?A.Demanding.B.Unexpected.C.Easy.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atanairport.B.Inahotel.C.Inadepartmentstore.5.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Afish.B.Adish.C.Aroommate.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whathappenedduringthewoman’sskiingtrip?A.Shehitatree.B.Shefellintothesnow.C.Shemadenoprogressinskiing.7.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardstheinstructor’sdecision?A.Disapproving.B.Supportive.C.Unconcerned.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthepiethewomanmadelookstrange?A.Shewantedtosurpriseherfather.B.Sheforgottoshapethepieproperly.C.Sheaddedagreatmanyingredients.9.Whatdoesthewomanplantodowiththepie?A.Putaneggonit.B.Changeitsshape.C.Beautifyitstop.10.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Brotherandsister.C.Customerandsalesgirl.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whattypeofphotographydidthewomanstartwith?A.Streetphotography.B.Fashionphotography.C.Naturephotography.12.Whydoesthewomanlikestreetphotography?A.It’schallenging.B.Ittellsherstory.C.Itdocumentsordinarylife.13.Whatwillthewomangivetheman?A.Aphoto.B.Astorybook.C.Amagazine.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Conductingasurvey.B.Askingfordirections.C.Planningatrip.15.Whatisthewomanhappywithaboutthetrain?A.Itsspace.B.ItsInternet.C.Itsspeed.16.Whatdoweknowaboutthetraintoday?A.Itwastoocrowded.B.Itbrokedownhalfway.C.Itranbehindschedule.17.Whatimprovementimpressedthewoman?A.Theinformationdisplayfacilities.B.Biggerboardsfortraintimes.C.Moreseatsontheplatforms.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatisthepurposeofNationalHuggingDay?A.Tocreateachanceforpeopletogetrefreshed.B.Toexpandthepositiveeffectsofhugging.C.Topromoteaneventrelatedtohugging.19.Howwilldailyhugsaffectachild?A.Hewillbesmarter.B.Hewillbemoresociable.C.Hewillbemoreopen-minded.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Animalshugmorethanpeopledo.B.Hugshappeninvarioussituations.C.Huggingrequiresimmediateactions.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAnimalvolunteeringabroadistheperfectopportunityforanimalloverswhowanttodosomethinggoodwhiletraveling.Hereareseveralprograms.LeatherbackTurtleAmbassadorOurmainmissionistoprotectendangeredseaturtlessuchastheleatherbackseaturtleandthegreenseaturtle.Byworkingwithlocalsandenvironmentaleducationprograms,wewillbeabletoeducatepeopleontheimportanceofprotectingthevaluableseaecosystem.Location:Limon,CostaRicaRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishFee:266€perweekWildlifeShelterCarerEveryyear,hundredsofthousandsofnativeanimalsareinjuredorbecomesick,oftenbecauseofinteractionwithpeopleorpets.Ourwildlifesheltershaverescuedsick,injurednativewildlifeandlovedthembacktohealthtobereturnedtothenaturalenvironment.Sincewereceivenofundingfromgovernments,thesheltersrelyonthedonationsofvolunteersandthepublic.Location:NewSouthWales,AustraliaRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:fluentEnglishFee:706€perweekThaiElephantSanctuaryOurprogramhelpsdomesticatedelephantsrescuedfromalifeofworkingonthestreetsorloggingandprovidescaretorescuedelephantpopulation.TheprogramhaswonnumerousawardsforitsethicalcontributiontotheassistanceofThaiElephants.Theteamhaverescueddozensofelephantsandgiventhemsheltersinbeautiful,openspaces.Location:Phetchaburiprovince,ThailandRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:fluentEnglishFee:647€perweekForce-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistantAreyoupassionateabouthorsesandeagertomakeapositiveimpactonhorsewelfare?JoinourincredibleForce-FreeHorseSanctuaryProgram,whereyou’llbecomepartofadevotedteamcaringforourbeautifulhorses.Throughpositivereinforcementandforce-freehorsemanshipskills,you’llhelpimprovethelivesofthesemagnificentanimals.Location:Atajate,SpainRequirements:Age:14-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishorbasicSpanishFee:392€perweek1.Whichprogramcostsleastperweek?A.LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador. B.WildlifeShelterCarer.C.ThaiElephantSanctuary. D.Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant.2.WhatcanyoudointheprogramofWildlifeShelterCarer?A.Advocateprotectingseaanimals.B.Attendtoanimalsinpoorcondition.C.Adoptendangeredanimalsasyourpets.D.Acquirecomplicatedhorsemanshipskills.3.Wherecanyouvolunteerifyouarea15-year-oldEnglishspeaker?A.Limon,CostaRica. B.NewSouthWales,Australia.C.Phetchaburiprovince,Thailand. D.Atajate,Spain.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹四個(gè)不同的動(dòng)物保護(hù)志愿者項(xiàng)目，每個(gè)項(xiàng)目都提供了詳細(xì)的描述，包括項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)、地點(diǎn)、要求和費(fèi)用。1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador下的“Fee:266€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周266歐元)”，WildlifeShelterCarer下的“Fee:706€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周706歐元)”，ThaiElephantSanctuary下的“Fee:647€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周647歐元)”以及Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant下的“Fee:392€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周392歐元)”可知，LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador是花費(fèi)最少的。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WildlifeShelterCarer下的“Everyyear,hundredsofthousandsofnativeanimalsareinjuredorbecomesick,oftenbecauseofinteractionwithpeopleorpets.Ourwildlifesheltershaverescuedsick,injurednativewildlifeandlovedthembacktohealthtobereturnedtothenaturalenvironment.Sincewereceivenofundingfromgovernments,thesheltersrelyonthedonationsofvolunteersandthepublic.(每年，成千上萬(wàn)的本土動(dòng)物受傷或生病，通常是因?yàn)榕c人或?qū)櫸锏幕?dòng)。我們的野生動(dòng)物收容所拯救了生病、受傷的本地野生動(dòng)物，并愛(ài)護(hù)它們，使它們恢復(fù)健康，回歸自然環(huán)境。由于我們沒(méi)有得到政府的資助，這些庇護(hù)所依靠志愿者和公眾的捐款)”可知，在WildlifeShelterCarer可以照料狀況不佳的動(dòng)物。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant下的“Requirements:Age:14-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishorbasicSpanish(要求：年齡14-50歲;語(yǔ)言能力:基本英語(yǔ)或基本西班牙語(yǔ))”可知，如果你是一個(gè)15歲的英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)者，你可以在Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant中作志愿者，地點(diǎn)在“Location:Atajate,Spain”。故選D項(xiàng)。BMyplantolearntoplaythecello(大提琴)wasahealthychoice.SoItookthenextinnocentstepofgoingtoashopthatsellsandrentsstringinstrumentsespeciallyviolins,violas,andcellos.Theplacewasahole-in-the-wall,upasteepflightofstairs.Instrumentsleftanarrowpathtothecounterwhereawomanwithgreyhairandwarmeyesgreetedme.SinceIcouldn’tformaquestionaboutwhatIwanted,Ijuststoodthereexploringthescene,whichfeltimmenselypleasurable.Irentedacello,abow,andacasetoholdthem.Whatattractedmetothecellowasitsenormoussizeanditssoft,smooth,andmemorablesounds.It’saninstrumentmadeofbeautifullypolishedwoodthatIcouldwrapmyarmsaroundandfeelitspowerfulvibrationswhenthestringswereplayed.Thatwasagoodstartingpointforme.TheonlyproblemwasthatIdidn’tknowhowtoplayit.There’sapopularbeliefthatthecelloisaparticularlydifficultinstrumenttolearn.Anotheristheadmonition,“Don’tbotherifyouareabeginneroverage10!”Well,Iwas70,andwhatothersthoughtnolongerinfluencedme.Andbesides,IthoughtofthewordsofDr.Cohen,whosuggestedthatlearningcausesphysicalchangesinthebrain.SoIfoundateacherwhohadrespectforolderadultbeginnersandIpracticeddiligently,dailyforyears,andsometimesdisheartened,butIkeptup.I’mhappytoreportthatnow,morethanadecadelater,Icanholdmyowninastringtrioandtwoquartets（twoviolins,aviola,andme,thefemalecello）andevenaseniorcommunityband.Ofcourse,I’llneversoundlikeYo-YoMabutyoucouldrecognizeaMozartpieceifyouheardmeplayit.And,moreimportantly,Idon’tneedtopleaseanyonebutmyself.Whetherit’sapleasurablepastimeoranewcareer,thestartingpointisthesame:wonder,curiosity,determination,andthedesiretokeepyourbrainsharp.4.Howdidthewriterfeelintheshop?A.Amusedbytheshopassistant.B.Anxiousforaliveperformance.C.Pleasedatthenicemusicatmosphere.D.Curiousaboutwheretofindateacher.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“admonition”inparagraph3mean?A.Approval. B.Criticism.C.Puzzlement. D.Warning.6.WhydoesthewritermentionDr.Coheninparagraph3?A.Torecommendareliabledoctor.B.Toprovideproofforcommonbelief.C.Toaddanotherreasonforherdecision.D.Tostressthecrucialfunctionofthebrain.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestconveythewriter’sidea?A.Artisman’ssecondnature.B.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.C.Educationisthekeytosuccess.D.Happinessisthebestformofhealth.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。它講述了一個(gè)人如何開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)大提琴的經(jīng)歷，從對(duì)樂(lè)器的吸引，到面臨困難和質(zhì)疑，再到堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)并取得一定的成果?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SinceIcouldn’tformaquestionaboutwhatIwanted,Ijuststoodthereexploringthescene,whichfeltimmenselypleasurable.(因?yàn)槲也恢牢蚁胍裁?，我只是站在那里探索?chǎng)景，這讓我感到非常愉快)”可以推知，作者對(duì)商店里的音樂(lè)氛圍感到滿(mǎn)意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“There’sapopularbeliefthatthecelloisaparticularlydifficultinstrumenttolearn.(人們普遍認(rèn)為大提琴是一種特別難學(xué)的樂(lè)器)”以及后文“Don’tbotherifyouareabeginneroverage10!(如果你是一個(gè)10歲以上的初學(xué)者，那就別費(fèi)心了！)”可知，這是在給出一種警告，因此推知“admonition”的意思是“警告”，和D項(xiàng)意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Well,Iwas70,andwhatothersthoughtnolongerinfluencedme.Andbesides,IthoughtofthewordsofDr.Cohen,whosuggestedthatlearningcausesphysicalchangesinthebrain.(好吧，我70歲了，別人的想法不再影響我。此外，我想起了科恩博士的話(huà)，他認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致大腦的生理變化)”可以推知，作者提到Dr.Cohen是為了為自己的決定再添加一個(gè)理由，即學(xué)習(xí)大提琴有益于大腦健康。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“There’sapopularbeliefthatthecelloisaparticularlydifficultinstrumenttolearn.Anotheristheadmonition,“Don’tbotherifyouareabeginneroverage10!”Well,Iwas70,andwhatothersthoughtnolongerinfluencedme.Andbesides,IthoughtofthewordsofDr.Cohen,whosuggestedthatlearningcausesphysicalchangesinthebrain.(有一種流行的觀(guān)點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，大提琴是一種特別難學(xué)的樂(lè)器。還有一種告誡是：“如果你是一個(gè)10歲以上的初學(xué)者，那就別費(fèi)心了！”不過(guò)，我當(dāng)時(shí)已經(jīng)70歲了，別人的想法再也無(wú)法影響我。而且，我想到了科恩博士的話(huà)，他提出學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)引起大腦的物理變化)”以及最后一段“Whetherit’sapleasurablepastimeoranewcareer,thestartingpointisthesame:wonder,curiosity,determination,andthedesiretokeepyourbrainsharp.(無(wú)論是一種愉快的消遣還是一份新的職業(yè)，出發(fā)點(diǎn)都是一樣的：驚奇、好奇、決心和保持大腦敏銳的愿望)”可知，作者的主要想法是：年齡并不是學(xué)習(xí)新事物的限制，只要有好奇心、決心和堅(jiān)持，人們可以在任何時(shí)候開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)新的技能并取得成就。這與“活到老，學(xué)到老”的諺語(yǔ)相呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了終身學(xué)習(xí)的重要性。故選B項(xiàng)。CImaginebeingabletouseenergyfromthesunallthetime,evenwhenit’snight.That’stheideathatscientistsatCaltech（CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology）areexploring.They’reworkingoncollectingsunlightinspaceandsendingitsenergytoEarth.Caltech’sscientistshavecreatedaspecialtoolforthisproject.TheycallitMAPLE.MAPLEandtwootherdevicesarepartofaprojectthatwassentintospaceinJanuary,2023.MAPLE’sjobistotesttheideaofsendingenergywirelesslyfromspacetoEarth.We’reusedtousingwirestomoveelectricalenergyfromoneplacetoanother.Butsendingenergywithoutwiresisalottrickier.ThemethodusedbyCaltech’sscientistsdependsonthewaywavesactwhentheymeet.Imaginetwowavescomingtogetherastheytravelinthesamedirection.Ifthetopsofthewaveslineup,theycombinetomakeabiggerwave.Butifthetopofonewavelinesupwiththelowpointoftheother,thewavescanceleachotherout.TheCaltechteamhasfoundawaytocontrolthetimingoflotsofmicrowavessothattheycancombinetheirpower,andfocustheenergyinonedirection.It’salittlelikeusingamagnifying（放大的）glasstofocussunlightintoasmall,hotpointoflight.Toprovethatthesystemcouldwork,MAPLEsentenergytotwodevicesjust30centimetersawayinspace.Thisenergywasthenturnedintoelectricity,whichmadetwosmalllightslightup.Next,MAPLEsentenergyallthewaydowntoalabatCaltech.Thescientistswereabletodetecttheenergy,provingthatit’spossibletosendsolarenergytoEarthfromspace.Dr.Hajimiri,oneoftheproject’sleaders,thinksthatoneday,thesystemcouldbeextremelyuseful,bringingenergytoplacesthatneedit,allovertheworld.Hebelievesthatinthefuture,we’llbeabletosendenergytoremoteregionsandareasdestroyedbywarornaturaldisaster.8WhatisthechallengeinCaltech’sprojectwithMAPLE?A.Solarenergydetection.B.Wirelessenergydelivery.C.Sendingdevicesintospace.D.Usingwirestomoveelectricity.9.HowdoestheCaltechteamconcentratesolarpower?A.Bychangingthewaymicrowavesact.B.Bymagnifyingwavescomingtogether.C.Bycontrollingthetimingofmicrowaves.D.Byliningupthewavesinoppositedirections.10.WhatpotentialbenefitcouldthesystembringinthefutureaccordingtoDr.Hajimiri?A.Warningpeopleofnaturaldisasters.B.Turningsolarenergyintoelectricity.C.Providingasolutiontoenergyshortages.D.Sendingenergytoregionsinurgentneed.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheUseofSolarEnergyinSpaceExplorationB.TheChallengesofGeneratingEnergyWithoutWiresC.TheDevelopmentofaNewToolforCollectingElectricityD.ThePossibilityofSendingEnergyWirelesslyfromSpacetoEarth【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了加州理工學(xué)院（Caltech）的科學(xué)家正在探索從太空中收集陽(yáng)光并將其能量發(fā)送回地球的想法，他們?yōu)榇藙?chuàng)造了一個(gè)特殊工具M(jìn)APLE，并解釋了MAPLE如何通過(guò)控制微波的時(shí)機(jī)來(lái)聚焦能量?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Caltech’sscientistshavecreatedaspecialtoolforthisproject.TheycallitMAPLE.MAPLEandtwootherdevicesarepartofaprojectthatwassentintospaceinJanuary,2023.MAPLE’sjobistotesttheideaofsendingenergywirelesslyfromspacetoEarth.We’reusedtousingwirestomoveelectricalenergyfromoneplacetoanother.Butsendingenergywithoutwiresisalottrickier.(加州理工學(xué)院的科學(xué)家們?yōu)檫@個(gè)項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)特殊的工具。他們稱(chēng)之為MAPLE。MAPLE和另外兩個(gè)設(shè)備是2023年1月送入太空的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的一部分。MAPLE的任務(wù)是測(cè)試從太空向地球無(wú)線(xiàn)發(fā)送能量的想法。我們習(xí)慣于用電線(xiàn)把電能從一個(gè)地方傳輸?shù)搅硪粋€(gè)地方。但是在沒(méi)有電線(xiàn)的情況下傳輸能量要棘手得多)”可知，MAPLE的挑戰(zhàn)是無(wú)線(xiàn)能量傳輸。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheCaltechteamhasfoundawaytocontrolthetimingoflotsofmicrowavessothattheycancombinetheirpower,andfocustheenergyinonedirection.It’salittlelikeusingamagnifying（放大的）glasstofocussunlightintoasmall,hotpointoflight.(加州理工學(xué)院的研究小組已經(jīng)找到了一種方法來(lái)控制大量微波的時(shí)間，這樣它們就可以結(jié)合它們的能量，并將能量集中在一個(gè)方向上。這有點(diǎn)像用放大鏡把太陽(yáng)光聚焦成一個(gè)小的熱點(diǎn))”可知，加州理工學(xué)院的團(tuán)隊(duì)通過(guò)控制微波的時(shí)間來(lái)集中太陽(yáng)能。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Dr.Hajimiri,oneoftheproject’sleaders,thinksthatoneday,thesystemcouldbeextremelyuseful,bringingenergytoplacesthatneedit,allovertheworld.Hebelievesthatinthefuture,we’llbeabletosendenergytoremoteregionsandareasdestroyedbywarornaturaldisaster.(Hajimiri博士是該項(xiàng)目的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者之一，他認(rèn)為有一天，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)會(huì)非常有用，把能源帶到世界各地需要它的地方。他相信，在未來(lái)，我們將能夠向偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)和被戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或自然災(zāi)害摧毀的地區(qū)輸送能源)”可知，根據(jù)Hajimiri博士的說(shuō)法，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)在未來(lái)會(huì)向急需能源的地區(qū)輸送能源。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Imaginebeingabletouseenergyfromthesunallthetime,evenwhenit’snight.That’stheideathatscientistsatCaltech（CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology）areexploring.They’reworkingoncollectingsunlightinspaceandsendingitsenergytoEarth.(想象一下，可以一直使用太陽(yáng)能，即使是在晚上。這就是加州理工學(xué)院(Caltech)的科學(xué)家們正在探索的想法。他們正致力于在太空中收集陽(yáng)光并將其能量發(fā)送到地球)”以及縱觀(guān)全文可知，主要討論了使用Caltech科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造的特殊工具M(jìn)APLE從太空向地球無(wú)線(xiàn)傳輸能源的可能性，所以D項(xiàng)“ThePossibilityofSendingEnergyWirelesslyfromSpacetoEarth(從太空向地球無(wú)線(xiàn)傳輸能量的可能性)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。DOnthestreetsofManhattanandWashington,D.C.,inneighborhoodsinSeoulandparksinParis,ginkgo(銀杏)treesarelosingtheirleavesinreactiontothefirstgustofcoldwinterair.Thisleafdrop,gradualatfirst,andthensudden,carpetsstreetswithgolden,fan-shapedleaves.Scientistsaredocumentingevidenceoftheeventhappeninglaterandlater,apossibleindicationofclimatechange.Butthestoryofginkgosisnotthefamiliaroneofhumancarelessnesswithnature.ThankstofossilsfoundinNorthDakota,scientistsfoundaginkgohasgeneticallysimilarancestorsdatingback170millionyearstotheJurassicPeriod.“Italmostwentextinct.Thenhumansrescueditandspreaditaroundtheworld.It’ssuchagreatevolutionary(進(jìn)化)andculturalstory,”saysPeterCrane,aginkgoexpert.Onetheoryforthedeclineoftheginkgospeciesbegan130millionyearsago,whenfloweringplantsbeganspreading.Theygrewfasterandattractedmorepollinators(傳粉者)thanginkgos.“It’spossiblethatginkgoswereelbowedoutoftheway,”saysCrane.Alreadycompetingtosurvive,ginkgosbegantodisappearduringatimeofglobalcoolingthatbeganaround66millionyearsago.Bythetimethelasticeageended11,000yearsago,theremainingsurvivorswerefoundinChina.Ginkgotreesaresmelly.“Myguessisthattheywereeatenbyanimalsthatlikedsmellythings.Theythenpassedthroughtheirbodyandgrew.”Cranesays.Thosesameseedsmayhavehelpedginkgofindfavorwithhumans1,000yearsago.Oncecleanedoftheirouterlayer,ginkgoseedsaresafetoeat.It’sthen,whenthetreeshadlongsincedisappearedelsewhere,thatpeopleinChinamayhavebegunplantingthemandeatingtheirseeds.Thengraduallyginkgosspreadacrosstheworld.Nowit’sseeminglynaturallyresistanttoinsectsandhighlevelsofairpollution.Craneisn’tworriedaboutitsfuture,though:Thepopularityofthespecieswillhelpitsurvive.“Thoughitsstatusinthewildmaybedifficulttoaccess,it’saplantthat’sunlikelytoevergoextinct,”hesays.12.Whatmayhavecausedthefurtherdelayofginkgo’sleafdrop?A.Thecolderweatherinwinter.B.Theprotectionfromcitycouncils.C.Theglobalwarmingphenomenon.D.Thecarelessinteractionwithhumans.13.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thereasonswhyginkgosalmostdiedout.B.Theadvantagesofginkgosoverotherplants.C.Thetheoriesofexpertsformultiplyingginkgos.D.Thecompetitionbetweenvariousfloweringplants.14.Whatmighthavecontributedtoginkgos’survival?A.Theireatableseeds. B.Theirunpleasantsmell.C.Thenaturalevolution. D.Thecarefulplanting.15.HowdoesCranefeelaboutginkgos’future?AWorried. B.Optimistic. C.Uncertain. D.Hopeless.【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了銀杏樹(shù)的歷史、特點(diǎn)、傳播以及現(xiàn)狀，通過(guò)科學(xué)家和專(zhuān)家的觀(guān)點(diǎn)和研究來(lái)闡述銀杏樹(shù)在自然界和人類(lèi)文化中的重要地位，同時(shí)也探討了銀杏樹(shù)面臨的一些挑戰(zhàn)和未來(lái)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistsaredocumentingevidenceoftheeventhappeninglaterandlater,apossibleindicationofclimatechange.(科學(xué)家們正在記錄這一事件發(fā)生得越來(lái)越晚的證據(jù)，這可能是氣候變化的一個(gè)跡象)”可推知，全球變暖現(xiàn)象可能是導(dǎo)致銀杏落葉時(shí)間進(jìn)一步推遲的原因。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Onetheoryforthedeclineoftheginkgospeciesbegan130millionyearsago,whenfloweringplantsbeganspreading.Theygrewfasterandattractedmorepollinators(傳粉者)thanginkgos.“It’spossiblethatginkgoswereelbowedoutoftheway,”saysCrane.Alreadycompetingtosurvive,ginkgosbegantodisappearduringatimeofglobalcoolingthatbeganaround66millionyearsago.Bythetimethelasticeageended11,000yearsago,theremainingsurvivorswerefoundinChina.(關(guān)于銀杏物種衰落的一種理論始于1.3億年前，當(dāng)時(shí)開(kāi)花植物開(kāi)始傳播。它們的生長(zhǎng)速度比銀杏快，吸引了更多的傳粉者。“有可能銀杏被擠出了生存的道路，”克雷恩說(shuō)。已經(jīng)在為生存而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的銀杏，在全球變冷時(shí)期開(kāi)始消失，這一時(shí)期大約始于6600萬(wàn)年前。到最后一個(gè)冰河時(shí)代結(jié)束前的11000年，剩下的幸存者在中國(guó)被發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，本段主要講述了銀杏樹(shù)幾乎滅絕的原因，包括與其他植物的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)以及全球變冷等因素。因此，本段的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于銀杏樹(shù)幾乎滅絕的原因。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thosesameseedsmayhavehelpedginkgofindfavorwithhumans1,000yearsago.Oncecleanedoftheirouterlayer,ginkgoseedsaresafetoeat.It’sthen,whenthetreeshadlongsincedisappearedelsewhere,thatpeopleinChinamayhavebegunplantingthemandeatingtheirseeds.Thengraduallyginkgosspreadacrosstheworld.Nowit’sseeminglynaturallyresistanttoinsectsandhighlevelsofairpollution.(同樣的種子可能在1000年前幫助銀杏贏得了人類(lèi)的青睞。一旦去掉外層，銀杏種子就可以安全食用。然后，當(dāng)這些樹(shù)在其他地方早已消失的時(shí)候，中國(guó)人可能已經(jīng)開(kāi)始種植它們并食用它們的種子。然后銀杏逐漸傳播到世界各地。現(xiàn)在它似乎對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)和高水平的空氣污染具有天然的抵抗力)”可知，銀杏樹(shù)能夠生存下來(lái)，部分原因是因?yàn)樗鼈兊姆N子可以被人類(lèi)食用。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Craneisn’tworriedaboutitsfuture,though:Thepopularityofthespecieswillhelpitsurvive.“Thoughitsstatusinthewildmaybedifficulttoaccess,it’saplantthat’sunlikelytoevergoextinct,”hesays.(不過(guò)，克雷恩并不擔(dān)心它的未來(lái)：這個(gè)物種的受歡迎程度將有助于它的生存?！氨M管它在野外的地位可能難以評(píng)估，但它是一種不太可能滅絕的植物，”他說(shuō))”可知，專(zhuān)家Crane對(duì)銀杏樹(shù)的未來(lái)并不擔(dān)心，認(rèn)為這個(gè)物種的受歡迎程度將有助于它的生存。由此推知，Crane對(duì)銀杏的未來(lái)是樂(lè)觀(guān)的。故選B想。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Readinganewstoryaloneisoftenagreatwaytorelax.However,sometimesyoujustwanttodiscusswhatyou’vereadwithanotherpersontobringthoseideasoffthepageandintotheworld.____16____First,findmembers.Whenyoubeginsearchingforyourbookclubmembers,lookintheplacesinyourlifethatfeelmostnaturaltoyou.____17____Then,maybeit’spostinganoticeonthebulletinboardofyourlocallibraryorbookstore.Ifyou’relookingto“getarangeofperspectives”fromyourclub,youmaywanttoconsiderlookingforadiverserangeofagesandgenders.Theycanbringtheirvariedworldviewstodiscussions.____18____Willyourtimetogetherbespentlargelyfocusingonthenovelathand,orwillrefreshmentsultimatelybethemostimportant?There’sthetypicalfriendsgatheringatsomeone’sapartmentandhavingcheeseandwineapproach.Butoftentimes,peoplewillbefrustratedbecausetheyjustturnintoasocialeventratherthanfocusingonthebook.Inordertomakesureyournewgroupisallonthesamepage,takethetimetodiscusswhatyouwanttogetoutofregularclubgatheringsbeforeyourfirstofficialmeeting.Pickingbooksmayseemlikethetrickiestpart.Booksthatworkreallywellareonesthatallowyoutoreflectonself.Theyhavealotofentrypointsforpeoplesotheyprobablyhaveagoodsetting.Thepacingissolid.There’sgreatcharacterdevelopmentandthelanguagedoesn’tgetinthewayofthestory.____19____Beforeyourmeetings,listsomediscussionquestions.Remembertocomeupwithquestionsdependingonyourbook’sgenre:romance,mystery,thrillerandsoon.____20____Forexample,youmayaskwhichscenehasstuckwiththemthemostorwhetherthereareanystandoutsentences.A.Itisnecessarytosetsomegroupguidelines.B.Here’salookoffourofourfavoritesbelow.C.Tostart,reachouttoyourfriendswholovetoread.D.Therearealsogeneralquestionsyoucanstartoutwith.E.Youcannevergowrongwiththebestsellerlisttogettheballrolling.F.Choosesomethingwiththatcriteriaandyoucanpleaseallkindsofreaders.G.Ifyou’veeverhadtheurgetostartabookclub,it’seasierthanyoumightthink.【答案】16.G17.C18.A19.F20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹如何創(chuàng)辦讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Readinganewstoryaloneisoftenagreatwaytorelax.However,sometimesyoujustwanttodiscusswhatyou’vereadwithanotherpersontobringthoseideasoffthepageandintotheworld.(獨(dú)自讀一個(gè)新故事通常是一種很好的放松方式。然而，有時(shí)候你只是想和另一個(gè)人討論一下你讀到的東西，把這些想法從書(shū)頁(yè)上帶到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中。)”以及下文“First,findmembers.Whenyoubeginsearchingforyourbookclubmembers,lookintheplacesinyourlifethatfeelmostnaturaltoyou.(首先，尋找成員。當(dāng)你開(kāi)始尋找你的讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部成員時(shí)，看看你生活中感覺(jué)最自然的地方。)”可推知設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是關(guān)于組建讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部和其他人分享想法，所以G選項(xiàng)“如果你曾經(jīng)有過(guò)創(chuàng)辦讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部的沖動(dòng)，這比你想象的要容易得多?！狈项}意，承上啟下，故選G。【17題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“First,findmembers.(首先，尋找成員。)”可知本段主要關(guān)于如何尋找成員的，再根據(jù)上文“Whenyoubeginsearchingforyourbookclubmembers,lookintheplacesinyourlifethatfeelmostnaturaltoyou.(當(dāng)你開(kāi)始尋找你的讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部成員時(shí)，看看你生活中感覺(jué)最自然的地方。)”可知尋找俱樂(lè)部成員可以從身邊入手，C選項(xiàng)“首先，和你喜歡閱讀的朋友們聯(lián)系?！狈媳径沃髦?，承接上文，故選C?！?8題詳解】設(shè)空處為本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Willyourtimetogetherbespentlargelyfocusingonthenovelathand,orwillrefreshmentsultimatelybethemostimportant?There’sthetypicalfriendsgatheringatsomeone’sapartmentandhavingcheeseandwineapproach.Butoftentimes,peoplewillbefrustratedbecausetheyjustturnintoasocialeventratherthanfocusingonthebook.Inordertomakesureyournewgroupisallonthesamepage,takethetimetodiscusswhatyouwanttogetoutofregularclubgatheringsbeforeyourfirstofficialmeeting.(你們?cè)谝黄鸬臅r(shí)間會(huì)主要集中在手頭的小說(shuō)上，還是茶點(diǎn)最終是最重要的?有一種典型的朋友聚會(huì)在某人的公寓，吃奶酪和葡萄酒的方式。但通常情況下，人們會(huì)感到沮喪，因?yàn)樗麄冎皇前炎⒁饬Ψ旁谏缃换顒?dòng)上，而不是集中在書(shū)上。為了確保你的新團(tuán)隊(duì)都在同一條線(xiàn)上，在你的第一次正式會(huì)議之前，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間討論一下你想從常規(guī)的俱樂(lè)部聚會(huì)中得到什么。)”可知本段主要講述要給團(tuán)隊(duì)制定計(jì)劃，A選項(xiàng)“有必要制定一些團(tuán)體指導(dǎo)方針?！狈媳径沃髦?，故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Pickingbooksmayseemlikethetrickiestpart.Booksthatworkreallywellareonesthatallowyoutoreflectonself.Theyhavealotofentrypointsforpeoplesotheyprobablyhaveagoodsetting.Thepacingissolid.There’sgreatcharacterdevelopmentandthelanguagedoesn’tgetinthewayofthestory.(選書(shū)似乎是最棘手的部分。真正有效的書(shū)是那些讓你反思自我的書(shū)。他們有很多入口，所以他們可能有一個(gè)很好的設(shè)置。節(jié)奏很穩(wěn)定。角色發(fā)展很好，語(yǔ)言也沒(méi)有妨礙故事的發(fā)展。)”可知本段講述了如何選書(shū)，所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)是對(duì)上文的總結(jié)，講述這樣選書(shū)的好處，選項(xiàng)F“選擇符合這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的東西，你可以取悅各種各樣的讀者?！狈项}意，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Beforeyourmeetings,listsomediscussionquestions.Remembertocomeupwithquestionsdependingonyourbook’sgenre:romance,mystery,thrillerandsoon.(在開(kāi)會(huì)之前，列出一些討論問(wèn)題。記得根據(jù)你的書(shū)的類(lèi)型提出問(wèn)題：浪漫、神秘、驚悚等等。)”可知是關(guān)于提出什么類(lèi)型的問(wèn)題的，D選項(xiàng)“你也可以從一些一般性的問(wèn)題開(kāi)始?！狈项}意，并且下文“Forexample,youmayaskwhichscenehasstuckwiththemthemostorwhetherthereareanystandoutsentences.(例如，你可能會(huì)問(wèn)哪個(gè)場(chǎng)景讓他們印象最深刻，或者是否有什么突出的句子。)”是對(duì)選項(xiàng)的舉例說(shuō)明，故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。DonPowellwaspullingtheenvelopesfromthemailboxoutsidehishomewhenhenoticedsomethingunusual—atinydollcouplewereinsidethemailbox.Asmallsticky____21____wasalsoinside.“We’vedecidedtolivehere,”themessageread.Itwas____22____fromMaryandShelley.Powell,72,sayshe____23____thoughtthatsomebodymusthaveleftthewoodendollsinsidehismailboxbymistake.“Iaskedthe____24____whetheranybodyhadleftdollsintheirmailboxes,andeveryonetoldmeno,”hesays.“SoIthought,thismustjustbea____25____,andwhoeverleftthemherewillcomebackto____26____them.Imovedthemtothebackofthemailboxtoseewhatwouldhappen.”Afewdayspassedandnobody____27____thedolls,Powellsays,notingthatheandhiswifesoondiscoveredthatthesmallcouplehad____28____atableandapillow.“Ialsohaveasenseof____29____,soIleftanoteofmyown,sayingthatwhatthe_____30_____reallyneededwasarefrigeratorstockedwithfood,”hesays.Thefridgenever_____31_____.Butoverthenextseveralmonths,additionalitemswerestrangely_____32_____.Everymonthortwo,particularlyaroundholidays,thePowellsfindsomething_____33___