2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit1KnowingmeKnowingyou第2課時Usinglanguage學案含解析外研版必修第三冊

PAGEUnit1Knowingme,Knowingyou其次課時UsinglanguageⅠ.詞匯初探1．dutyn.職責；義務；責任2．accidentn.意外事務；偶然因素3．ensurev.確保；保證4．annoyedadj.頗為生氣的→annoyvt.使……不悅；惹惱→annoyingadj.使人苦惱的5．adjustvi.&vt.調整；(使)適應→adjustableadj.可調整的→adjustmentn.調整；適應6．complexityn.困難性；錯綜困難→complexadj.困難的→simpleadj.簡潔的→simply_adv.簡潔地；僅僅；只7．forgivevt.寬??；饒恕→forgave(過去式)→forgiven(過去分詞)→forgivenessn.寬恕8．criticisev.指責；指責→criticismn.指責9．embarrassmentn.窘迫；尷尬→embarrassingadj.令人尷尬的→embarrassedadj.尷尬的；陷入逆境的Ⅱ.短語互譯1．偶然；意外地by_accident2．看不起look_down_on3．領先take_the_lead4．適應adjust_to5．settledown安排下來6．getalongwith和……相處7．complainabout埋怨8．lookon看待Ⅲ.經典句式1．Don'tjudgesomeonetooquickly.Ittakestimeto_understandaperson.(P6)不要太快推斷一個人。了解一個人須要時間。2．It_is_believed_thatEQplaysanevenmoreimportantrolethanIQ(intelligencequotient)inpeople'slives.(P7)人們信任情商在人們的生活中比智商更重要。3．Being_able_to_say_nopolitelyisoneofthefeaturesofemotionalintelligence.(P7)能夠禮貌地說“不”是情商的特征之一。Ⅳ.語法初探——單句語法填空1．Ordinarysoap,used(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.2．Heated(heat),liquidscanbechangedintogases.3．Raised(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.4．Absorbed(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.5．Muchtimespent(spend)sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.1eq\a\vs4\al(annoyedadj.感到惱火的；覺得生氣的)[教材原句]PreventedfromplayingherroleinRiley'semotionaldevelopment,Sadnessfeelsannoyed.(P5)由于無法在萊利的心情發(fā)展中扮演她的角色，哀痛感到惱火。①HeglaredatJohnandwasannoyedbyhisrefusaltocooperate.他對約翰怒目而視，對他拒絕合作感到憤怒。[歸納拓展](1)annoyvt.使……不悅；惹惱annoysb.使某人不興奮；惹惱某人(2)annoyedadj.感到惱火的；覺得生氣的beannoyedwithsb.對某人生氣beannoyedat/aboutsth.因某事生氣(3)annoyingadj.使人不興奮的；惱人的；煩人的[即時鞏固]完成句子/單句語法填空②Hegotveryannoyed_withmeat/aboutmycarelessness.他因我的馬虎大意而對我很生氣。③Theannoyingthingabouttheschemeisthatit'sconfusing.這項支配可氣的地方是它讓人一頭霧水。④Iwasannoyedwithhimbecausehekeptinterruptingme.2eq\a\vs4\al(adjustv.適應，使適應；整理，整頓；支配；調整；校正)[教材原句]WhenRileymovestoanewcity，shehasahardtimeadjustingtohernewsurroundings.(P5)當萊利搬到一個新的城市時，她很難適應新的環(huán)境。①Ittookherawhiletoadjusttolivingalone.她過了一段時間才適應獨自生活。[歸納拓展](1)adjustto...適應……adjustoneselfto...使自己適應/適應于……adjuststh.tosth.為協(xié)作……而調整……(2)adjustmentn.調整；調整make(an)adjustmentto...對……進行調整(3)adjustableadj.可以調整的[即時鞏固]單句語法填空/完成句子②Youcanadjustthedesksandseatstotheheightofanychild.③Someschoolswillhavetomakeadjustments(adjust)inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.④Youshouldadjust_yourself_tothenewenvironmentassoonaspossible.你應當盡快使自己適應新環(huán)境。3eq\a\vs4\al(forgivevt.forgave，forgiven寬??；饒恕)[教材原句]Trytoforgivesomeonewhentheyapologise.(P6)當別人致歉時，盡力寬恕他們。①Toforgiveisavirtue,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.寬恕是一種品德，但是沒有人曾說寬恕是簡潔的。[歸納拓展](1)forgiveme請寬?。粚Σ黄餱orgiveone'sdoingsth.寬恕某人做了某事forgivesb.for(doing)sth.寬恕某人(做了)某事(2)forgiveandforget摒棄前嫌(3)forgivenessn．寬恕[即時鞏固]單句語法填空②Pleaseforgivemeforinterrupting，butIreallydon'tagreewiththat.③Heaskedforforgiveness(forgive)forwhathehaddonewrong.4eq\a\vs4\al(embarrassmentn.尷尬)[教材原句]It'snotagoodideatocriticisesomeoneinfrontofothers.Thiscancauseembarrassment.(P6)在別人面前指責某人不是個好辦法。這可能會造成尷尬。①Herfaceturnedredwithembarrassment.她窘得臉都紅了。[歸納拓展](1)embarrassvt.使不好意思；使局促擔憂embarrasssb.使某人尷尬(2)embarrassingadj.令人尷尬的；令人尷尬的embarrassedadj.尷尬的；尷尬的；窘況的beembarrassedabout對……難為情beembarrassedtodosth.因做某事感到難為情(3)embarrassmentn．尷尬toone'sembarrassment使某人感到尷尬的是[即時鞏固]單句語法填空/完成句子②Thestudentfeltembarrassedbymyembarrassingquestion,andhisembarrassmentmademerealizeIshouldn'thaveraisedsuchaquestion.(embarrass)③Sheisembarrassed_aboutherheight.她因自己的身高而窘況。5eq\a\vs4\al(lien.謊話；謊言vi.說謊lied，lied，lying；躺下；位于)[教材原句]It'simportanttotellthetruth.Don'tlie.(P6)說實話很重要。不要撒謊。①Thewholestoryisnothingbutapackoflies.整個敘述只不過是一連串的謊言。[歸納拓展](1)tellalie＝telllies撒謊；說謊awhitelie善意的謊言(2)lietosb.對某人撒謊liein位于；在于liedown躺下[名師點津](留意詞形改變)原形過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義詞性lieliedliedlying說謊vi.lielaylainlying躺；位于vi.laylaidlaidlaying放置；下蛋vt.[即時鞏固]單句語法填空/完成句子②Youcouldseefromhisexpressionthathewaslying(lie)tous.③Shetoldmethathappinessliesinhelpingothers.④Themomentthebellrang，helaid(lay)thebookonthetableandrushedoutoftheclassroom.⑤Themanlyingthereliedtousthathehadlaidthemoneyonthetable.躺在那里的那個人向我們撒謊說他把錢放在桌子上了。6eq\a\vs4\al(complainvi.埋怨；發(fā)牢騷；投訴)[教材原句]Don'talwayscomplainaboutpeople.(P6)不要總是埋怨別人。①Hedoesnothingbutcomplain.他除了埋怨什么事也沒有做。[歸納拓展](1)complain(tosb.)of/aboutsth./doingsth.(向某人)投訴/埋怨某事/做某事；(向某人)發(fā)牢騷complain(tosb.)that...(向某人)埋怨……(2)complaintn.埋怨；投訴；控告makeacomplaintabout/ofsth.埋怨/投訴某事makeacomplainttosb.向某人埋怨/投訴[即時鞏固]完成句子②I'mgoingtocomplain_tothemanageraboutthis.我要就這件事向經理投訴。③Theroadworkcausedmuchcomplaintamonglocalresidents.道路施工引起當?shù)鼐用竦暮芏嘣寡浴?eq\a\vs4\al(takethelead領先)[教材原句]BelievingthatsheisRiley'smostimportantemotion,Joyalwaystriestotakethelead.(P5)信任她是萊利最重要的情感，歡樂總是盡力帶頭。①Neartheendoftherace,hetookthelead.競賽快結束時，他領先了。[歸納拓展](1)leadsb.to＋n.帶領某人到……；使某人得出(觀點)leadsb.todosth.帶領某人做某事leada．..life過著……的生活leadto引起；導致leadtheway帶頭，先行(2)inthelead領先[即時鞏固]單句語法填空/完成句子②AsfarasIknow,itwasthecaraccidentduetodrunkdrivingthatledtohisbeingkilled.③Shewasin_the_leadduringtherace.她在賽跑中領先。④Ourjointeffortscanlead_toabetterenvironmentforourownexistence.我們共同的努力能夠為我們自己的生存帶來一個更好的環(huán)境。2eq\a\vs4\al(byaccident偶然；無意中；不當心)[教材原句]SadnesswantstodoherdutybutbyaccidentcausesthelossofRiley'shappycorememorieswithJoy.(P5)哀痛想要履行自己的職責，但卻意外地讓萊利失去了帶有歡樂的核心記憶。①Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritainbyaccident.事實上，我在英國上岸是偶然的。[歸納拓展]bychance偶然；意外byanychance萬一；碰巧bynomeans絕不bymeansof憑借；通過bymistake錯誤地bythehour按小時byweight按重量[即時鞏固]完成句子②Hegotonthewrongbusby_mistake.他上錯了車。③Themanwhowascaughtonthescenewastherepurelyby_accident.那個當場被抓的人完全是碰巧在那兒。3eq\a\vs4\al(settledown定居；安靜下來；用心于)[教材原句]AcceptingsadnessaspartoflifehelpsRileydealwiththeemotionalcomplexityofgrowingup,andsettledowninhernewlife.(P5)接受哀痛是生活的一部分，這有助于萊利處理成長過程中的困難心情，并在新生活中安定下來。①Hewantsmetosettledown,butnowIwanttofindanadventure.他想讓我安定下來，但是現(xiàn)在我想找點兒冒險的事做。[歸納拓展](1)settledownto(doing)sth.用心于(干)某事settlein/into適應(2)settlementn.解決；處理；協(xié)議；定居點；開拓reach/arriveatasettlement達成協(xié)議(3)settlern.移民；殖民者[即時鞏固]完成句子②I'mgladtolearnthatyou'vesettled_downinBeijing.得知你定居北京，我很興奮。③Youwillbeverypromisingaslongasyousettle_downtoyourwork.只要你安心工作，你會有前途的。1Don'tjudgesomeonetooquickly.Ittakestimetounderstandaperson.P6不要太快推斷一個人。了解一個人須要時間。[句式分析]Ittakes/took(sb.)sometime/moneytodosth.(某人)花費時間/金錢做某事。it在句中為形式主語，后面的不定式短語todosth.是句子的真正主語。此外，take還可表示“須要”之意，ittakes/tooksth.todosth.做某事須要……。①IttooksixyearstobuildandcostUS$20billion.它花費了6年的時間才建成，耗資200億美元。[歸納拓展](1)sth.take(sb.)time某物花費(某人)多少時間(2)sb.takesometimetodosth.某人花費多少時間做某事(3)sb.spendsometime/money(in)doing/onsth.某人花費多少時間/金錢做某事(4)(doing)sth.cost(sb.)sometime/money(做)某事花費(某人)多少時間/金錢(5)sb.paysomemoneyforsth.某人為某物花費多少金錢[即時鞏固]單句語法填空/完成句子②OnMondaymorningitusuallytakesmeanhourto_drive(drive)toworkalthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.③Asanewgraduate,hedoesn'tknowwhatittakesto_start(start)abusinesshere.④Shesaysthatshe'llneverforgetthetimewhichshehasspentworking(work)asasecretaryinourcompany.⑤Thewatchwasverygood,andhepaid20percentdownforit.⑥Believeitornot,ittakesgreatcourageto_tellthetruth.信不信由你，說實話須要志氣。2ItisbelievedthatEQplaysanevenmoreimportantrolethanIQintelligencequotientinpeople'slives.P7人們信任情商在人們的生活中比智商更重要。[句式分析]Itisbelievedthat...句型中，it是形式主語；that從句是真正的主語。由于主語從句放在句首，往往顯得頭重腳輕，因此，常把它移到句子后面，而把it放在句首，作形式主語。①Itisreportedthatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident.據(jù)報道，事故中沒有乘客受傷。[歸納拓展]類似用法還有：(1)It's＋形容詞(possible,important,strange,natural...)＋that從句/forsb.todosth.(2)It's＋過去分詞(said,known,thought,believed,supposed,reported...)＋that從句(3)It＋不及物動詞(seem,occur,happen...)＋that從句(4)It's＋名詞短語(apity,afact,awonder,anhonour,nowonder...)＋that從句[名師點津]在Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural/apity/essential＋that-clause中，從句的謂語動詞用“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。[即時鞏固]單句語法填空/完成句子②Itisreportedthatdonatingblooddoesgoodtohealth.③Itoccurredtomethatthenoodlesyoucookedtastedgood.④It'sashamethatwefailedtofulfilthetaskaheadoftime.⑤Itisnecessarythathe(should)_be_sent(send)thereatonce.⑥It_is_obvious_thatsmartphonesplayanimportantroleinourdailylife.自不待言，手機在我們的日常生活中起著重要的作用。3Beingabletosaynopolitelyisoneofthefeaturesofemotionalintelligence.P7能夠禮貌地說“不”是情商的特征之一。[句式分析]Beingabletosaynopolitely為動名詞短語，在句中作主語。①It'snoteasytolearnEnglishwell.Readingasmuchaspossibleisnecessary.學好英語不簡潔。盡可能多閱讀是必要的。[歸納拓展]動名詞(短語)作主語的用法：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(干脆放在句首作主語，謂語用單數(shù)形式,\a\vs4\al(用it作形式主語)\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(Itisnouse/nogood/fun/awasteof,time/...＋doing,Itisuseless/nice/interesting/,worthwhile/...＋doing)),可以用名詞全部格或形容詞性物主代詞作邏輯主語))[即時鞏固]完成句子②It'snousepretendingthatyoudidn'tknowtherules.你假裝不知道規(guī)則是沒有用的。③Itisniceplayingchessaftersupper.晚飯后下象棋太好了。④Rose's_comingwon'tbeofmuchhelp.羅絲的到來不會起到很大作用。過去分詞作狀語過去分詞(短語)作狀語，修飾謂語動詞，進一步說明動作發(fā)生的背景或狀況，在意義上相當于狀語從句，可以跟狀語從句轉換，表示時間、讓步、結果、方式等。其邏輯主語為句子的主語，兩者之間為動賓關系。一、過去分詞(短語)作狀語的幾種狀況1．時間狀語過去分詞作時間狀語，相當于一個時間狀語從句。也可在過去分詞前加上連詞“when，while，until”等，使其時間意義更明確。該狀語可置于句首，句尾或主語與謂語之間。Whenaskedbytheteacher，thelittleboykeptsilent.＝Whenhewasaskedbytheteacher，thelittleboykeptsilent.當被老師提問時，這個小男孩不出聲。(與謂語同時發(fā)生)Toldthathismotherwasseriouslyill，LiHuahurriedhomequickly.＝Afterhewastoldhismotherwasseriouslyill，LiHuahurriedhomequickly.被告知媽媽病得厲害之后，李華匆忙地回家了。(先于謂語動作發(fā)生)2．緣由狀語過去分詞(短語)作緣由狀語，相當于一個緣由狀語從句，多位于句首，間或也出現(xiàn)在句尾或句中。Movedbytheheroicdeeds，manypeoplecouldn'thelpcrying.＝As/Becausetheyweremovedbytheheroicdeeds,manypeoplecouldn'thelpcrying.被英雄事跡所感動，很多人禁不住哭了起來。Satisfiedwithwhathedid，theteacherpraisedhiminclass.＝Because/Ashewassatisfiedwithwhathedid，theteacherpraisedhiminclass.由于對他所做的事情感到滿足，老師在班上表揚了他。3．條件狀語可用在連詞if,unless,once之后，相當于一個條件狀語從句。Givenmoretime，wecoulddoitmuchbetter.＝Ifweweregivenmoretime，wecoulddoitmuchbetter.多給我們點時間，我們會做得更好。Finished，thepapershouldbehandedinatonce.＝Ifitisfinished，thepapershouldbehandedinatonce.假如完成，這篇論文要立即上交。4．讓步狀語過去分詞(短語)作讓步狀語，相當于一個讓步狀語從句，有時可用在although，though，evenif，eventhough，whether...or等連詞后。多位于句首，間或也出現(xiàn)在句尾。Thoughwarnedofthestorm，thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.＝Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm，thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.雖然農夫們已被警告將有風暴，但他們仍舊在地里干活。Beatenbytheoppositeteam，theplayerswerenotdiscouragedandpracticedevenharder.＝Thoughtheyhadbeenbeatenbytheoppositeteam，theplayerswerenotdiscouragedandpracticedevenharder.雖然被對方戰(zhàn)勝，隊員們沒有泄氣，而是更加刻苦訓練。5．方式或伴隨狀語過去分詞可用作方式或伴隨狀語，此時相當于一個由and連接的并列結構。該狀語可位于句首、句尾或句中。Sheacceptedthegift，deeplymoved.＝Sheacceptedthegift，andshewasdeeplymoved.她接受了禮物，深深地被感動了。Thewomanscientistenteredthelab,followedbyherassistants.＝Thewomanscientistenteredthelabandshewasfollowedbyherassistants.這個女科學家進入試驗室，后面跟著她的助手們。二、過去分詞作狀語的留意事項1．作狀語的過去分詞的邏輯主語通常就是句子的主語，且主語是過去分詞動作的承受者，即過去分詞表示的動作與主語之間是動賓關系。Givenanotherhour，hecanalsoworkoutthisproblem.再給一個小時，他也能解出這道題。(give和he之間是動賓關系)2．有些過去分詞及短語因來源于系表結構，作狀語時不強調被動而重在描述主語的狀態(tài)。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有：lost(迷路)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；lost/absorbedin(沉溺于)；dressedin(穿著)；tiredof(厭煩)。Lostinthought,hedidn'tnoticehismothercomein.由于陷入深思之中，他沒有留意到媽媽進來。3．過去分詞常跟when，while，after，if，unless，although/though，asif等連詞一起用，修飾謂語動詞。Metalsexpandwhenheated.金屬被加熱會膨脹。三、過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)分1．過去分詞作狀語時，通常與其邏輯主語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，即被動關系；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，通常與其邏輯主語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系，即主動關系。2．過去分詞(短語)作狀語時，分詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語要一樣。否則，須加上自己的邏輯主語，構成獨立主格結構。[即時鞏固]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Worn(wear)outafteralongwalk，Katecalledandsaidshecouldn'tcometotheparty.2．Dressed(dress)inawhiteuniform，helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.3．Devoted(devote)tohiswork，theprofessorcareslittleaboutanyotherthings.4．Caught(catch)inaheavyrain，hehadtowaitfortheraintostop.5．Whenheated(heat)，icewillbechangedintowater.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Once_seen,_thebeautyofthesceneryherewillleaveadeepimpressiononyou.只要望見，這里的漂亮風景就會給你留下深刻的印象。2．Watched_several_times,_theTVplayisworthwatchingagain.盡管被觀看了幾遍，這部電視劇值得再看一次。3．Deeply_moved_by_what_he_said,_theyallwereintears.由于被他的話深深打動，他們都淚流滿面。4．Seen_from_the_top_of_the_hill,_thecitylooksmorebeautiful.從山頂上看，城市顯得更漂亮。5．Given_more_attention,_thetreecangrowbetter.假如賜予更多的關注，這棵樹會長得更好。6．Theyoungmanwasbusypreparinghispaper,locked_in_his_father's_study_all_