2025屆全國高考英語專項訓(xùn)練：閱讀理解C篇（含答案）

2025屆全國高考真題模擬英語專項訓(xùn)練：閱讀理解C篇

一、閱讀理解

（2024?北京?高考真題試卷）Thenotionthatweliveinsomeoneelse飛videogameis

irresistibletomany.Searchingtheterm"'simulationhypothesis^^（模擬假說）returnsnumerous

resultsthatdebatewhethertheuniverseisacomputersimulation——aconceptthatsomescientists

actuallytakeseriously.Unfortunately,thisisnotascientificquestion.Wewillprobablyneverknow

whetherifstrue.Wecan,instead,usethisideatoadvancescientificknowledge.

The18th-centuryphilosopherKantarguedthattheuniverseultimatelyconsistsofthings-in-

themselvesthatareunknowable.Whileheheldthenotionthatobjectiverealityexists,hesaidour

mindplaysanecessaryroleinstructuringandshapingourperceptions.Modemscienceshave

revealedthatourperceptualexperienceoftheworldistheresultofmanystagesofprocessingby

sensorysystemsandcognitive（認矢口的）functionsinthebrain.Nooneknowsexactlywhathappens

withinthisblackbox.Ifempirical（實證的）experiencefailstorevealreality,reasoningwon'treveal

realityeithersinceitreliesonconceptsandwordsthatarecontingentonoursocial,culturaland

psychologicalhistories.Again,ablackbox.

So,ifweacceptthattheuniverseisunknowable,wealsoacceptwewillneverknowifwelive

inacomputersimulation.Andthen,wecanshiftourinquiryfrom“Istheuniverseacomputer

simulation?^^to“Canwemodeltheuniverseasacomputersimulation?”Modellingrealityiswhat

wedo.Tofacilitateourcomprehensionoftheworld,webuildmodelsbasedonconceptual

metaphors（隱喻）thatarefamiliartous.InNewton9sera,weimaginedtheuniverseasaclock.In

Einstein's,weuncoveredthestandardmodelofparticle（粒子）physics.

Nowthatweareintheinformationage,wehavenewconceptssuchasthecomputer,

informationprocessing,virtualreality,andsimulation.Unsurprisingly,thesenewconceptsinspireus

tobuildnewmodelsoftheuniverse.Modelsarenotthereality,however.Thereisnopointin

arguingiftheuniverseisaclock,asetofparticlesoranoutputofcomputation.Allthesemodelsare

toolstodealwiththeunknownandtomakediscoveries.Andthemoretoolswehave,themore

effectiveandinsightfulwecanbecome.

Itcanbeimaginedthatcomparabletotheprocessofbuildingpreviousscientificmodels,

developingthe"computersimulation^^metaphor-basedmodelwillalsobeahugelyrewarding

exercise.

1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodobychallengingahypothesis?

A.Makeanassumption.B.Illustrateanargument.

C.Giveasuggestion.D.Justifyacomparison.

2.Whatdoesthephrase"（contingenton^^underlinedinParagraph2probablymean?

A.Acceptedby.B.Determinedby.C.Awakenedby.D.Discoveredby.

3.AsforKant'sargument,theauthoris.

A.appreciativeB.doubtfulC.unconcernedD.disapproving

4.Itisimpliedinthispassagethatweshould.

A.comparethecurrentmodelswiththepreviousones

B.continueexploringtheclassicalmodelsinhistory

C.stoparguingwhethertheuniverseisasimulation

D.turnsimulationsoftheuniverseintorealitiesup.

（2024?全國?高考真題試卷）TheSaintLukastraindoesn'tacceptpassengers-itaccepts

onlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattravelto

remotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthat

timethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural（鄉(xiāng)村）populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-ray

scansandprescriptions.

“Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning,9,saysEmileDucke,a

GermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripin

Novemberthroughthevastregions（區(qū)域）ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.

Russia5spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.The

governmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthe

poorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor'sappointmentsbyvideochat

andexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthe

countrylikeKrasnoyarsk.

TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10

monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtothe

regionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock（補給）.Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Most

stationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.

Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain'sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups."I

wasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlecebutstill

stayingfocusedandveryconcerned,9,saysDucke."Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeople

togetthetreatmenttheywant.9,

5.HowistheSaintLukasdifferentfromothertrains?

A.Itrunsacrosscountries.B.Itreservesseatsfortheseniors.

C.Itfunctionsasahospital.D.Ittravelsalongariver.

6.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk?

A.Itisheavilypopulated.B.Itofferstrainingfordoctors.

C.Itisamodemcity.D.Itneedsmedicalaid.

7.HowlongcantheSaintLukasworkwithonesupply?

A.Aboutayear.B.Abouttenmonths.

C.Abouttwomonths.D.Abouttwoweeks.

8.WhatisDucke'sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas'services?

A.Appreciative.B.DoubtfulC.Ambiguous.D.Cautious.

（2024?全國?高考真題試卷）Weallknowfreshisbestwhenitcomestofood.However,

mostproduceatthestorewentthroughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbefore

reachingthetable.Whilefarmer'smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,BabylonMicro-

Farm（BMF）shortensitevenmore.

BMFisanindoorgardensystem.Itcanbesetupforafamily.Additionally,itcouldservea

largeraudiencesuchasahospital,restaurantorschool.Theinnovativedesignrequireslittleeffortto

achieveareliableweeklysupplyoffreshgreens.

Specifically,ifsafarmthatreliesonnewtechnology.ByconnectingthroughtheCloud,

BMFisremotelymonitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.

Becausethesystemisautomated,itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.

Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil,thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.After

harvest,userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewpre-seededpod（容器）togetthenextgrowth

cyclestarted.

Moreover,havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit'seatenmeanszeroemissions（抖F放）

fromtransportingplantsfromsoiltosalad.Inaddition,there5snoneedforpesticidesandother

chemicalsthatpollutetraditionalfarmsandthesurroundingenvironment.

BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkor

biketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbage

cansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.66Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicals

inourenvironment,saidaBMFemployee.

9.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBMFfromparagraph1?

A.Itguaranteesthevarietyoffood.B.Itrequiresday-to-daycare.

C.Itcutsthefarm-to-tabledistance.D.Itreliesonfarmer,smarkets.

10.Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer?

A.Real-timeweatherchanges.B.Currentconditionoftheplants.

C.Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil.D.Availabilityofpre-seededpods.

11.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?

A.Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports.

B.Theyaredevotedtocommunityservice.

C.Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences.

D.Theyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness.

12.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.BMF'smajorstrengths.B.BMF'sgeneralmanagement.

C.BMF'sglobalinfluence.D.BMF'stechnicalstandards.

（2024?全國?高考真題試卷）Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatext

onscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewritten

wordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstobothquestionsareoften"no”.Thereasons

relatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,anentertainmentmindset（心態(tài)）anda

tendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.

Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessful

whenifsonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsof

printreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks-like

identifyingthemainideainareadingpassage-toonesthatrequirementalabstraction-suchas

drawinginferencesfromatext.

Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper5sphysical

properties.Withpaper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisualgeographyof

distinctpages.Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryofwhatthey'vereadtohowfarintothebookitwas

orwhereitwasonthepage.

Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled

“shallowinghypothesis（假說）Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswitha

mindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthan

whentheyarereadingprint.

Audio（音頻）andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachers

increasinglyturntothesetechnologies一say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythe

sameperson.However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,they

remembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.

Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresources

notavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionare

calledfor,educatorsshouldn'tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidentical

words.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"shinethrough^^inparagraph2mean?

A.Seemunlikelytolast.B.Seemhardtoexplain.

C.Becomereadytouse.D.Becomeeasytonotice.

14.Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?

A.Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly.B.Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand.

C.Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly.D.Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia.

15.Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?

A.Theycanholdstudents1attention.B.Theyaremoreconvenienttoprepare.

C.Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills.D.Theyaremoreinformativethantext.

16.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?

A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.

B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.

C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.

D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.

（2024?浙江?高考真題試卷）OnSeptember7,1991,thecostliesthailstorm（雹暴）in

CanadianhistoryhitCalgary'ssouthernsuburbs.Asaresult,since1996agroupofinsurance

companieshavespentabout$2millionperyearontheAlbertaHailSuppressionProject.Airplanes

seedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycan

growintodangeroushailstones.Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta-downwindofthehailproject

flights-worrythatpreciousmoisture（水分）isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloud

seeding.

NormanStienwand,whofarmsinthatarea,hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthisissue

foryears."Basically,theprovincialgovernmentislettingtheinsurancecompaniesprotectthe

Calgary-Edmontonurbanareafromhail,^^Mr.Stienwandsays,“butthey5reincreasingdroughtrisk

asfareastasSaskatchewan.

TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerryKrauss,acloudphysicistwhoworksfor

WeatherModificationInc.ofFargo,NorthDakota.ctWeaffectonlyaverysmallpercentageofthe

totalmoistureintheair,sowecannotbecausingdrought.^^Dr.Krausssays.t6Infact,wemaybe

helpingincreasethemoisturedownwindbycreatingwetterground.

OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell,aresearchscientistwhojust

retiredfromtheUniversityofOklahoma.64In1999,1personallysawsignificanttornadoesformfrom

aseededstormcellinKansas,"Dr.Doswellsays."Doescloudseedingcreatekillerstormsorreduce

moisturedownwind?Noonereallyknows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.^^

Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,64Itwouldbewisetostopcloudseeding.^^

Inpractice,doubthashadtheoppositeeffect.Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheir

impacts,noonehassucceededinwinningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies.Hence,private

climateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety.

17.Whatdoestheprojectaimtodo?

A.Conservemoistureinthesoil.B.Forecastdisastroushailstorms.

C.Preventtheformationofhailstones.D.Investigatechemicaluseinfarming.

18.Whoareopposedtotheproject?

A.Managersofinsurancecompanies.B.Farmersineast-centralAlberta.

C.Provincialgovernmentofficials.D.ResidentsofCalgaryandEdmonton.

19.WhydoesDr.Doswellmentionthetornadoeshesawin1999?

A.Tocomparedifferentkindsofseedingmethods.B.Toillustratethedevelopmentofbig

hailstorms.

C.Toshowthelinkbetweenstormsandmoisture.D.Toindicateapossibledangerof

cloudseeding.

20.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.ScientificstudieshaveprovedStienwandright.B.Cloud-seedingcompanieswill

continuetoexist.

C.Thedoubtaboutcloudseedinghasdisappeared.D.Privateclimateengineeringisillegal

inCanada.

答案

1.C2.B3.A4.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了哲學(xué)家對于宇宙的認知和信息時代下的作者對

于宇宙爭論的看法。

1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Searchingtheterm'"simulationhypothesis^^（模擬假說）returns

numerousresultsthatdebatewhethertheuniverseisacomputersimulationaconceptthatsome

scientistsactuallytakeseriously.Unfortunately,thisisnotascientificquestion.Wewillprobably

neverknowwhetherifstrue.Wecan,instead,usethisideatoadvancescientificknowledge.（搜索

“模擬假說”這一術(shù)語會得到許多關(guān)于宇宙是否是計算機模擬的爭論結(jié)果——一些科學(xué)家實際

上認真對待這個概念。不幸的是，這不是一個科學(xué)問題。我們可能永遠都不知道這是不是真

的。相反，我們可以利用這個想法來推進科學(xué)知識）”可知，作者對于模擬假說提出質(zhì)疑，是

為了提出自己的建議，建議使用這一想法來推進科學(xué)知識。故選C項。

2.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifempirical（實證的）experiencefailstorevealreality,reasoning

won'trevealrealityeithersinceitreliesonconceptsandwordsthatarecontingentonoursocial,

culturalandpsychologicalhistories.Again,ablackbox.（如果經(jīng)驗不能揭示現(xiàn)實，推理也不會揭

示現(xiàn)實，因為它依賴于contingenton我們的社會、文化和心理歷史的概念和詞語）”可知，句

中that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，指代先行詞conceptsandwords,且結(jié)合常識，概念和詞語取決

于我們的社會、文化和心理歷史，推測劃線短語表示“取決于"，與determinedby意義相近。

故選B項。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“The18th-centuryphilosopherKantarguedthattheuniverse

ultimatelyconsistsofthings-in-themselvesthatareunknowable.Whileheheldthenotionthat

objectiverealityexists,hesaidourmindplaysanecessaryroleinstructuringandshapingour

perceptions.（18世紀的哲學(xué)家康德認為，宇宙最終由不可知的事物本身組成。雖然他認為客

觀現(xiàn)實是存在的，但他說，我們的大腦在構(gòu)建和塑造我們的感知方面發(fā)揮著必要的作用）”以

及第三段“So,ifweacceptthattheuniverseisunknowable,wealsoacceptwewillneverknowifwe

liveinacomputersimulation4因此，如果我們接受宇宙是不可知的，我們也接受我們永遠不會

知道我們是否生活在計算機模擬中）”可知，作者引用康德的觀點，并在客觀陳述后利用該觀

點來構(gòu)建自己的論述，由此可知，作者對康德的論點持欣賞的態(tài)度。故選A項。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thereisnopointinarguingiftheuniverseisaclock,asetof

particlesoranoutputofcomputation.Allthesemodelsaretoolstodealwiththeunknownandto

makediscoveries.Andthemoretoolswehave,themoreeffectiveandinsightfulwecanbecome.（爭

論宇宙是否是一個時鐘、一組粒子還是計算輸出的產(chǎn)物是沒有意義的。所有這些模型都是處

理未知事物和發(fā)現(xiàn)事物的工具。我們擁有的工具越多，我們就能變得越有效、越有洞察力）”

以及第五段“Itcanbeimaginedthatcomparabletotheprocessofbuildingpreviousscientific

models,developingthe'"computersimulation,,metaphor-basedmodelwillalsobeahugely

rewardingexercise.（可以想象，與之前構(gòu)建科學(xué)模型的過程相比，開發(fā)基于“計算機模擬''隱喻

的模型也將是一項非常有益的工作）”可知，作者認為爭論宇宙是否是虛擬的，這是沒有意義

的，我們應(yīng)該停止?fàn)幷撚钪媸欠駷槟M，而應(yīng)該著手于將其作為一個模型來探索和理解，這

樣會更有助于科學(xué)的進步。故選C項。

5.C6.D7.D8.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述政府贊助了五輛名為圣盧卡斯的醫(yī)療列車為俄羅斯中

部和東部偏遠地區(qū)每年提供為期10個月的巡回醫(yī)療服務(wù)，為鄉(xiāng)村居民提供基本醫(yī)療檢查和治

療，改善當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)療條件。

5.細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章第一段"TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedical

trainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwo

days,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural（鄉(xiāng)村）populationswithbasic

medicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.（圣盧卡斯號是五列政府資助的醫(yī)療列車之一，前往

俄羅斯中部和東部的偏遠城鎮(zhèn)。每一站平均停留兩天，在此期間，船上的醫(yī)生和護士為農(nóng)村

人口提供基本醫(yī)療服務(wù)、X光掃描和處方。廠可知，圣盧卡斯號與其他火車的不同之處在于

它是政府資助的醫(yī)療火車，充當(dāng)醫(yī)院。故選C。

6.推理判斷題，第三段提至『Russia飛publichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedof

modernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,

particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor's

appointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopractice

medicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.（俄羅斯的公共衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)迫切需要

現(xiàn)代化。政府一直在努力提出解決這一問題的措施，特別是在伏爾加河以東較貧窮的農(nóng)村地

區(qū)，包括通過視頻聊天安排醫(yī)生預(yù)約，擴大財政援助計劃，激勵醫(yī)生到克拉斯諾亞爾斯克等

偏遠地區(qū)行醫(yī)。）”可以推斷，Krasnoyarsk需要醫(yī)療援助，故選D。

7.細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第四段“For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsover

twoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock（補給）（每年有10個月，

火車在兩周內(nèi)?？看蠹s八個車站，然后返回地區(qū)首府進行補給和重新裝貨。）”可知，圣盧卡

斯號一份補給可以工作大約兩周，故選D。

8.推斷判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“力wasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistants

workingandlivinginsuchlittlecebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,9,saysDucke.

“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant."（"醫(yī)生和他們的

助手在這么小的空間里工作和生活，但仍然保持專注和非常關(guān)注，這給我留下了深刻的印象,

"Ducke說。這是許多農(nóng)村人獲得他們想要的治療的最好機會可知，Ducke對SaintLukas

的服務(wù)持贊賞的態(tài)度，故選A。

9.C10.B11.D12.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了巴比倫微農(nóng)場（BMF）的一些主要優(yōu)勢，包括

減少食物運輸距離、通過云技術(shù)遠程監(jiān)控、自動化系統(tǒng)節(jié)約水資源、減少化學(xué)污染、以及員

工的環(huán)保生活方式等。

9.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Whilefanner'smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,

BabylonMicro-Farm（BMF）shortensitevenmore.（雖然農(nóng)貿(mào)市場是減少旅程的可靠選擇，但巴

比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）甚至縮短了旅程）“可知，巴比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）進一步縮短了從農(nóng)

場到餐桌的距離。故選C。

10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainreal

time.（此外，還有一個便捷的應(yīng)用程序，可以實時提供增長數(shù)據(jù)）”可知，這個便捷的應(yīng)用程序

提供了植物生長的實時數(shù)據(jù)。故選B。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.

Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwaste

reductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.t4Wearepassionateabout

reducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,9,saidaBMFemployee.（BMF員工在日

常生活中追求可持續(xù)發(fā)展。大約一半的人步行或騎自行車上班。在辦公室里，他們通過限制

垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料來鼓勵回收和減少浪費。BMF的一名員工表示：“我們熱衷于減少

環(huán)境中的廢物、碳和化學(xué)品產(chǎn)）”可知，BMF員工具有強烈的環(huán)保意識。故選D。

12.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Whilefarmer^marketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,

BabylonMicro-Farm（BMF）shortensitevenmore.（雖然農(nóng)貿(mào)市場是減少旅程的可靠選擇，但巴

比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）甚至縮短了旅程廣、第三段“ByconnectingthroughtheCloud,BMFis

remotelymonitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.Because

thesystemisautomated,itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Rather

thanwateringrowsofsoil,thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.（通過云連接，

對BMF進行遠程監(jiān)控。此外，還有一個方便的應(yīng)用程序可以實時提供不斷增長的數(shù)據(jù)。由

于該系統(tǒng)是自動化的，因此減少了種植植物所需的水量。該系統(tǒng)不是給一排排土壤澆水，而

是為每株植物提供合適的水量）”以及最后一段“BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheir

everydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecycling

andwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic."6Wearepassionate

aboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,saidaBMFemployee.（BMF員工

在日常生活中追求可持續(xù)發(fā)展。大約一半的人步行或騎自行車上班。在辦公室里，他們通過

限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料來鼓勵回收和減少浪費。BMF的一名員工表示：“我們熱衷于

減少環(huán)境中的廢物、碳和化學(xué)品「'）”可知，文章主要介紹了巴比倫微農(nóng)場（BMF）的一些主

要優(yōu)勢，包括減少食物運輸距離、通過云技術(shù)遠程監(jiān)控、自動化系統(tǒng)節(jié)約水資源、減少化學(xué)

污染、以及員工的環(huán)保生活方式等。故選A。

13.D14.A15.A16.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。主要討論了紙質(zhì)閱讀與數(shù)字閱讀、音頻和視頻學(xué)習(xí)方式的差異和效

果。

13.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningis

generallymoresuccessfulwhenifsonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirms

thisfinding.（當(dāng)閱讀幾百字或更多的文本時，在紙上學(xué)習(xí)通常比在屏幕上學(xué)習(xí)更成功。大量的

研究證實了這一發(fā)現(xiàn)）“可知，在紙上學(xué)習(xí)更有成效，以及后文“whenexperimentersmovefrom

posingsimpletasks-likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage-toonesthatrequire

mentalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.（當(dāng)實驗人員從提出簡單的任務(wù)（如識

別閱讀文章的主旨）轉(zhuǎn)移到需要思維抽象的任務(wù)（如從文本中推斷）時）”推知，此處應(yīng)是表達“當(dāng)

實驗者從簡單的任務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)向需要精神抽象的任務(wù)時，紙質(zhì)閱讀的益處就變得顯而易見”之意，所

以shinethrough應(yīng)是“顯而易見”之意，和D項意思相近。故選D項。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchers

haveproposedatheorycalled"shallowinghypothesis《取說）Accordingtothistheory,people

approachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,whichareoftennotsoserious,and

devotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.（但同樣重要的是精神層面。閱讀研究

人員提出了一個名為“shallowinghypothesis”的理論。根據(jù)這一理論，人們以適合社交媒體的

心態(tài)接觸數(shù)字文本，這些文本通常不那么嚴肅，與閱讀印刷品時相比，投入的精神努力也更

少）”可知，shallowinghypothesis假設(shè)讀者在閱讀數(shù)字文本時會持有一種輕松的心態(tài)，不會像

閱讀紙質(zhì)書籍那樣投入太多的心理努力。故選A項。

15.細節(jié)理角軍題。根據(jù)第五段“Audio（音頻）andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andso

universityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies一say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadof

anarticlebythesameperson.（音頻和視頻可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大學(xué)教師越來越多地轉(zhuǎn)

向這些技術(shù)，例如分配在線講座而不是同一作者的文章）”可知，音頻和視頻比文本更能吸引

學(xué)生的注意力，所以大學(xué)教師越來越多地使用這些技術(shù)。故選A項。

16.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,

especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwhere

mentalfocusandreflectio