國際經(jīng)濟學(xué)（雙語）（山東聯(lián)盟）知到智慧樹章節(jié)測試課后答案2024年秋山東工商學(xué)院

國際經(jīng)濟學(xué)（雙語）（山東聯(lián)盟）知到智慧樹章節(jié)測試課后答案2024年秋山東工商學(xué)院緒論單元測試

全世界對于經(jīng)濟全球化的看法是一致的。

A:錯B:對

答案:錯發(fā)達國家在同一陣營，彼此之間沒有利益沖突。

A:對B:錯

答案:錯經(jīng)濟全球化程度隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)水平的提高而日益加深。

A:對B:錯

答案:對

第一章單元測試

Sovereignnations:

A:AresubjecttolawspassedbytheUnitedNations.B:Oftenignoretheinterestsofforeigners.C:MustcoordinatetheirmonetarypolicywiththeWorldBank.D:Mustbeconcernedwiththeinterestsofforeignerswhendevelopingeconomicpolicy

答案:Oftenignoretheinterestsofforeigners.Politiciansdonoterectbarrierstotradewithothercountriesbecausetheyarealsoconcernedwiththewell-beingofforeigners.

A:對B:錯

答案:錯Labormaybeinternationallymobile,butcapitalandlanddonotmigratefromonecountrytoanother.

A:對B:錯

答案:錯國家的貿(mào)易政策是國家利益的體現(xiàn)，而國家利益是一國內(nèi)部利益集團公共選擇的結(jié)果。

A:錯B:對

答案:對資源在世界范圍內(nèi)的配置由大國的力量決定，大國可以凌駕于小國之上。

A:錯B:對

答案:錯一國的貿(mào)易政策是動態(tài)變化的，國家與國家間的經(jīng)濟關(guān)系也是動態(tài)變化的。

A:錯B:對

答案:對

第二章單元測試

Anincreaseindemandwillleadto:

A:Adecreaseinproducersurplus.B:Anincreaseinprice.C:AfallinquantityD:Anincreaseinsupply

答案:Anincreaseinprice.Allofthefollowingcanleadtoanincreaseinthedemandforicecream,anormalgood,EXCEPT:

A:Adecreaseinincome.B:A10%increaseinpopulation.C:Anewscientificstudythatfindseatingicecreamdoesnotcauseweightgain.D:Anincreaseinthepriceofpopsicles.

答案:Adecreaseinincome.生產(chǎn)可能性邊界的形狀取決于該國的技術(shù)水平、資源稟賦以及兩種商品之間的邊際轉(zhuǎn)換率。

A:對B:錯

答案:對機會成本可以用邊際轉(zhuǎn)換率表示，機會成本有三種狀況，不變、遞增、遞減，分別對應(yīng)不同形狀的生產(chǎn)可能性邊界。

A:錯B:對

答案:對機會成本是用Y表示的生產(chǎn)X的邊際成本，相對價格是用Y表示的出售X的邊際收益。

A:錯B:對

答案:對機會成本與相對價格之間的關(guān)系，如果機會成本小于相對價格，該國會擴大X的生產(chǎn)；如果機會成本大于相對價格，X的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模會縮小；兩者相等時，是生產(chǎn)均衡點。

A:對B:錯

答案:對消費者的需要與需求不同。

A:錯B:對

答案:對消費者均衡實現(xiàn)取決于消費者的偏好組合與消費者的收入，消費均衡點相對價格不等于兩種商品的邊際替代率。

A:對B:錯

答案:錯國際均衡價格處于兩國封閉條件相對價格之間，超出這個范圍，總有一個國家或者一種商品無法參與國際貿(mào)易。

A:錯B:對

答案:對貿(mào)易發(fā)生后，會（）

A:生產(chǎn)會調(diào)整B:消費會調(diào)整C:世界上只有一個價格：國際均衡價格

D:生產(chǎn)均衡點與消費均衡點不重合

答案:生產(chǎn)會調(diào)整；消費會調(diào)整；世界上只有一個價格：國際均衡價格

；生產(chǎn)均衡點與消費均衡點不重合

第三章單元測試

Mercantilistsbelievedthatanationwouldbenefitfromachieving

A:apositiveorfavorabletradebalance

B:aneventradebalance

C:Asmuchself-sufficiencyaspossibleD:Atradedeficit,fundedbyloansfromothernations.

答案:apositiveorfavorabletradebalance

The

comparativeadvantagepriciplewasdevelopedby

A:OhlinB:KrugmanC:DavidRicardo.D:Samuelson

答案:DavidRicardo.AdamSmithagreedwiththemercantiliststhatifonenationgainedbenefitsfromtradeitstradingpartnerwouldlose.

A:對B:錯

答案:錯DavidRicardodevelopedtheprincipleofcomparativeadvantageshowingthat

A:

inatwo-countryexample,onlyonenationcanhaveacomparativeadvantage.

B:

nonationcouldhaveanabsoluteadvantageinallgoods.

C:anationmustbetheleast-costproducerofagoodinordertoexportthatitem.

D:evenanationthathaslowerproductivityinallgoodscanbenefitbyexportingtheiteminwhichitisrelativelylessinefficient.

答案:evenanationthathaslowerproductivityinallgoodscanbenefitbyexportingtheiteminwhichitisrelativelylessinefficient.

IfeachworkerintheUnitedStatescanproducereither40bottlesofwineor40yardsofclothingperhourandeachworkerintheUnitedKingdomcanproduceeither20bottlesofwineor10yardsofclothingperhour

A:

theUnitedStateshasacomparativeadvantageinwineproduction.

B:theUnitedKingdomhastheabsoluteadvantageinbothproducts.C:

theUnitedKingdomhasacomparativeadvantageinwineproduction.D:Neithercountrycanbenefitbytradingwiththeother.

答案:

theUnitedKingdomhasacomparativeadvantageinwineproduction.Itispossibleforonenationtohaveacomparativeadvantageineverythingandtheothernationtohaveacomparativeadvantageinnothing.

A:對B:錯

答案:錯Anindifferencecurve

A:showsthatmostpeoplereallyareindifferentaboutinternationaltrade.B:reflectstherelativecostsofproductionwithinanation.

C:

indicateshowmuchlaboracountryhas.D:showsthedemandpreferencesofconsumers.

答案:showsthedemandpreferencesofconsumers.

Anationmaximizessatisfactionbyreachingthehighestpossibleindifferencecurve,andintheabsenceoftradewillproducewhereitsproductionpossibilitiesscheduleistangenttoanindifferencecurve.

A:對B:錯

答案:對TheRicardiantheoryofcomparativeadvantagefocusesonlyonsupplyorcostconditions,andignorestheroleofdemandinexplainingtradepatterns.

A:錯B:對

答案:對Iftwonationsofveryunequalsizetradewitheachother,thetheoryofreciprocaldemanddemonstratesthatmostofthegainsfromtrade(afavorabletermsoftraderatio)willgotothelargernation.

A:錯B:對

答案:錯IntheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,anation'scomparativeadvantageisbasedon

A:thenation'srelativeendowmentsofproductiveresourcessuchaslaborandcapital.B:tradebarrierssuchastariffsandquotas.

C:distancefromthenation'smostimportanttradingpartners.D:consumerpreferences.

答案:thenation'srelativeendowmentsofproductiveresourcessuchaslaborandcapital.Thefactorendowmentsmodelpredictsthatinternationaltradewilltendtoequalizethepricesoftradeablegoodsamongnations,buttoincreasethewagegapbetweencapital-abundantandlabor-abundantnations.

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Leontief's1954studyofU.S.tradepatterns,resultingintheLeontiefparadox,foundthat

A:theUnitedStateswasexportingmostlycapital-intensiveproducts.B:U.S.exportswerelabor-intensivecomparedwithU.S.

imports,eventhoughtheUnitedStateswaswidelyregardedasarelativelycapital-abundantnation.

C:U.S.tradevolumedeclinedeventhoughU.S.GDPhadbeenrising.D:

theUnitedStateswastradingmorewithdistantthanwithnearnations.

答案:U.S.exportswerelabor-intensivecomparedwithU.S.

imports,eventhoughtheUnitedStateswaswidelyregardedasarelativelycapital-abundantnation.

Intra-industrytradetheory

A:

ignoresseasonalconsiderations.

B:assumesthattransportationcostsdonotexist.

C:explainswhycountriesexportandalsoimportdifferentiatedversionsofthesameproduct,suchasdifferenttypesofautos.D:explainswhytheUnitedStatesmightexportautosandimportclothing.

答案:explainswhycountriesexportandalsoimportdifferentiatedversionsofthesameproduct,suchasdifferenttypesofautos.Industriesinwhicheconomiesoflarge-scaleproductionareimportant

A:provideadditionalcostincentivesforspecializationandtrade.

B:reducethepotentialgainsfromtrade.

C:tendtonotparticipateininternationaltrade.

D:encourageeachnationtoproduceafullrangeofproductswithinsuchindustries.

答案:provideadditionalcostincentivesforspecializationandtrade.

第四章單元測試

對每件襯衣征收兩美元的關(guān)稅屬于

A:混合關(guān)稅B:從價關(guān)稅C:出口關(guān)稅D:從量關(guān)稅

答案:從量關(guān)稅Animporttariffis

A:aquantitativerestrictiononimports.

B:agovernmentprohibitionagainstimportsofcertainsensitiveproducts.

C:ascheduleofapprovedratesorpricesforimports.D:ataxleviedonanimportedproduct.

答案:ataxleviedonanimportedproduct.

Ataxof10percentonimportsofshoeswouldbeanexampleofaspecifictariff.

A:對B:錯

答案:對

Ifacountryplacesa10percenttariffonimportsofshoesanda5percenttariffonimportsofallmaterialsrequiredformakingshoes,theeffectiverateofprotectionprovidedfortheshoemakingindustrywillbe

A:

higherthan10percent.B:5percent.

C:between10percentand5percent,dependingontheimportanceofimportedmaterials.D:10percent.

答案:

higherthan10percent.Thesmallnationmodelforestimatingwelfareeffectsoftariffsappliesto

A:nationswithpercapitaincomelevelsbelow$500peryear.B:nationsthatarepricetakers,toosmalltoaffectthroughtheirownsupplyordemandthetradingpriceoftheparticularproductinquestion.

C:nationsthataresmallerthantheirmajortradingpartners.D:nationsthatpopulationsbelowtenmillionpeople.

答案:nationsthatarepricetakers,toosmalltoaffectthroughtheirownsupplyordemandthetradingpriceoftheparticularproductinquestion.

Ifanationfittingthecriteriaforthesmallnationmodelimposesa10percenttariffonimportsofautos

A:thepriceofautoswillnotrisebecauseofinternalcompetition.

B:

thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillriseby10percent.

C:thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillrisebymorethan10percent,becauseofhigheffectiveprotection.D:thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillrise,butbylessthan10percentbecauseitisasmallnation.

答案:

thepriceofautoswithinthenationwillriseby10percent.

Theredistributiveeffectofatariffrefersto

A:thefundstransferredtodomesticproducerstocompensatefortheirrelativeinefficiency,comparedwithforeignproducers.

B:thehigherprofitsreceivedbydomesticproducersattheexpenseofconsumers.

C:redistributionofprofitsfromforeignproducerstodomesticproducers.

D:thetariffrevenuegoingtothedomesticgovernment.

答案:thehigherprofitsreceivedbydomesticproducersattheexpenseofconsumers.

Anationthatcreatesatariffhighenoughtopreservethedomesticmarketentirelyfordomesticproducerswillalsobenefitfromsignificanttariffrevenue.

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Ifa

largenation

imposesanimporttariff

A:theeffectsonthenation'stradingpartnersprobablywillbetoosmallforthemtonotice.B:

thedomesticpriceoftheproductwillincreasebymorethanthetariffitself.C:thewelfarelosstothenationwillbelargerthaninthesmallcountrymodel.

D:thenationwillgainstaticwelfareifthebenefitfromforcingforeignproducerstoreducetheirexportpriceexceedstheprotectiveeffectplusthedeadweightlossfromthetariff.

答案:thewelfarelosstothenationwillbelargerthaninthesmallcountrymodel.

Animportquotaisanontarifftradebarrierthat

A:rewardsfirmsformeetingorexceedingtheirsalesquotas.B:placesapercentagetaxoncertainimports.C:placesalimitonthequantityofgoodsthatmaybeimported.

D:placesaspecificdollaramountoftaxoncertainimports.

答案:placesalimitonthequantityofgoodsthatmaybeimported.

Toavoidtheuncertaintyaboutwhichforeignnationswillbeallowedtoexporttoanationusingquotarestrictions,thatnationislikelytoimplementa

aselectivequota.

A:對B:錯

答案:對Animportquotawillnotraisethedomesticpriceoftheproductaswouldatariff,becauseitisnotataxonimports.

A:對B:錯

答案:錯Healthandsafetystandardsestablishedbynationalgovernmentscannotbeconsiderednontarifftradebarriers.

A:對B:錯

答案:錯

第五章單元測試

Ina“first-best”world:

A:

Freetradeharmseveryone.B:

Freetradeiseconomicallyefficient.C:Freetradeisnotoptimal.D:

Freetradebenefitseveryone.

答案:

Freetradeiseconomicallyefficient.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?I.Ifyoungfirmsarestrugglingtoobtainfundingfromunderdevelopedfinancialmarkets,themostefficientpolicysolutionwouldbeaproductionsubsidy.II.Ifyoungfirmsarestrugglingtoretaintheirtrainedworkers,thengovernmentshouldofferasubsidytooffsetthecostsoftrainingworkers.III.Infantindustrytariffsarelesslikelytoberemovedthaninfantindustrysubsidies.

A:

IIandIIIB:IonlyC:

IIonlyD:

IandII

答案:

IIandIIIWhichofthefollowingargumentsforprotectionstatesthatimport-competingfirmsthatarestrugglingtostayinbusinessshouldbeprovidedprotectioninordertomaintainjobsandcontinuedomesticproduction?

A:Thedevelopinggovernmentargument.

B:Theinfantindustryargument.C:Thedyingindustryargument.D:Thenationaldefenseargument.

答案:Theinfantindustryargument.Afree-tradearearemovestradebarriersbetweenmembercountries,butallowsthemembercountriestomaintaintheirowntradebarriersagainsttradewithnonmembercountries.

A:對B:錯

答案:對Intheabsenceofanyotherdistortion,atariffwillcreateadistortion,butagovernmentsubsidywillnotcreateadistortion.

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Themostfavorednation(MFN)principlestatesthatanytradeconcessiongiventoanyforeigncountrymustbegiventoallothercountrieshavingthesameMFNstatus.

A:對B:錯

答案:對Tradecreationisthevolumeoftradethatisredirectedfromlow-costexporterstohigher-costtradeblocmembercountries.

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Theinfant-industryargumentforprotection

A:dvocatespermanenttariffprotectionfornewindustries.B:advocatesthateachnationprovidetariffprotectionforthedomesticmanufacturingofproductsusedbyinfants,tohelpeachnationpreserveitsownuniqueculturalidentity.

C:advocatestheshieldingofnewindustriesfromimportsuntiltheyhavegrownstrongandefficientenoughtowithstandthecompetitionfromforeignproducers.

D:showsthattariffsprovidetheonlyeffectivemeansofsupportingnewindustries.

答案:advocatestheshieldingofnewindustriesfromimportsuntiltheyhavegrownstrongandefficientenoughtowithstandthecompetitionfromforeignproducers.

第六章單元測試

自2018年開始的本輪中美貿(mào)易爭端，主要原因是：

A:

中國實際上已超越美國B:

中國實際上已超越美國中國對美國企業(yè)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護不足C:

中國對美國貨物貿(mào)易長期存在較大順差D:

中國部分市場（如金融、電信、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等）未充分開放

答案:

中國實際上已超越美國中國對美國企業(yè)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護不足；

中國對美國貨物貿(mào)易長期存在較大順差；

中國部分市場（如金融、電信、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等）未充分開放后發(fā)國家的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)略主要包括：

A:

進口替代B:

出口導(dǎo)向C:

戰(zhàn)略性貿(mào)易政策D:公平貿(mào)易政策

答案:

進口替代；

出口導(dǎo)向進口替代戰(zhàn)略所依據(jù)的一個重要理論是“幼稚產(chǎn)業(yè)理論”。

A:對B:錯

答案:對關(guān)于進口替代戰(zhàn)略的不足之處，下列說法正確的是：

A:因為在受保護工業(yè)中使用的資源本來可以用于其他地方;保護與進口競爭的生產(chǎn)者會自動歧視所有其他行業(yè)，包括潛在的出口行業(yè)。B:進口替代還容易滋生腐敗。C:由于許多發(fā)展中國家的國內(nèi)市場規(guī)模較小，制造商無法利用規(guī)模經(jīng)濟，因此單位成本較高。D:一旦投資只因為關(guān)稅和配額而有利可圖的活動，任何取消這些限制的企圖一般都受到強烈抵制。E:國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)由于受到貿(mào)易限制的保護而免受國際競爭，因此它們沒有提高效率的動機。

答案:因為在受保護工業(yè)中使用的資源本來可以用于其他地方;保護與進口競爭的生產(chǎn)者會自動歧視所有其他行業(yè)，包括潛在的出口行業(yè)。；進口替代還容易滋生腐敗。；由于許多發(fā)展中國家的國內(nèi)市場規(guī)模較小，制造商無法利用規(guī)模經(jīng)濟，因此單位成本較高。；一旦投資只因為關(guān)稅和配額而有利可圖的活動，任何取消這些限制的企圖一般都受到強烈抵制。；國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)由于受到貿(mào)易限制的保護而免受國際競爭，因此它們沒有提高效率的動機。多數(shù)經(jīng)驗研究表明，采取進口替代戰(zhàn)略的國家比采取出口導(dǎo)向戰(zhàn)略的國家有更持久的經(jīng)濟增長和更高的增長率。

A:對B:錯

答案:錯出口導(dǎo)向戰(zhàn)略的優(yōu)點包括：

A:它鼓勵發(fā)展中國家可能具有比較優(yōu)勢的產(chǎn)業(yè)，如勞動密集型制成品B:通過保持對進口商品的低限制，它們對國內(nèi)企業(yè)施加了競爭壓力，迫使它們提高效率C:通過提供更大的（面向國際的）銷售市場，它們使國內(nèi)制造商有更大的空間來利用規(guī)模經(jīng)濟

答案:它鼓勵發(fā)展中國家可能具有比較優(yōu)勢的產(chǎn)業(yè)，如勞動密集型制成品；通過保持對進口商品的低限制，它們對國內(nèi)企業(yè)施加了競爭壓力，迫使它們提高效率；通過提供更大的（面向國際的）銷售市場，它們使國內(nèi)制