福建省部分地市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)（期末）英語試題（解析版）

福建省部分地市2024屆高中畢業(yè)班第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題2024.1本試卷共12頁，考試時(shí)間120分鐘，總分150分。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwasthefinalscore?A.3:2. B.3:3. C.3:4.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Max.Howwasyoursoccermatch?M:Well,itwasatiegameatthestart,3-3.Unfortunately,ourgoalkeepercouldn’tmakethatcrucialsaveattheend.W:Ohdear.I’msorrytohearthat.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Tochangeanappointment.B.Toaskaboutwork.C.Toarrangeatrip.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Mary?I’monthetrainforabusinesstrip.Iwon’tbeabletomeetyouintownthisafternoon.I’mafraidIhavetoworklate.Reallysorry.W:That’sOK,Mike.Let’sarrangesomethingfornextweek.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthesciencetest?A.Demanding. B.Unexpected. C.Easy.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:HiJamie.Howdidyoursciencetestgo?W:Isailedthroughit.M:I’mpleasedtohearthat.Amyjustsaiditwashardasexpected.W:Shebarelystudiedforthetest!4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Atanairport. B.Inahotel. C.Inadepartmentstore.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Weshouldgotothedeparturegatenow.Whatareyoulookingfor?M:Hangon,IthinkI’velost...?W:What?Yourbagisinyourhand.M:No,it’snotthat.Oh!Sillyme.Icheckeditin.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Afish. B.Adish. C.Aroommate.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whatisthat?!Itsmellslikespoiledfish!M:Myroommatetaughtmetomakeit.It’sreallygood.Wantabite?第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whathappenedduringthewoman’sskiingtrip?A.Shehitatree. B.Shefellintothesnow. C.Shemadenoprogressinskiing.7.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardstheinstructor’sdecision?A.Disapproving. B.Supportive. C.Unconcerned.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:So,howwasyourskiingtrip?W:Well,I’dneverdonethisbefore,soIwasn’ttakentotheskirunimmediately.Butourinstructorwasbrilliant—Iimprovedquickly.M:Great.W:Anyway,hefinallytookusdownarunforadvancedskiers.Iwasprettyconfidentandmanagingtokeepcontrol,butthenIstartedheadingforatree...M:Oh,no.W:Iknow.TheonlywayIcouldstopwastofalloverinthesnow.M:Youcould’vebeenbadlyhurtdoingthat.Imean,it’shardtobelievethattheinstructorwould’veletyoulooselikethat,knowingyou’donlyjuststartedtolearntoski.Inyourposition,I’dhaverefusedtoeventryit.W:Yeah,well...聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whydoesthepiethewomanmadelookstrange?A.Shewantedtosurpriseherfather.B.Sheforgottoshapethepieproperly.C.Sheaddedagreatmanyingredients.9.Whatdoesthewomanplantodowiththepie?A.Putaneggonit. B.Changeitsshape. C.Beautifyitstop.10.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Brotherandsister. C.Customerandsalesgirl.【答案】8.C9.C10.B【解析】【原文】M:Whatareyoumaking,Rebecca?W:Oh,apieforsupper—it’sDad’sfavorite.Iwantedtosurprisehim.M:Hmm...areyousureit’ssupposedtolooklikethat?It’sanoddshape.W:Oh,don’tworry—it’smerelyduetomygenerousadditionofmeatandvegetables.Therewouldn’thavebeenenoughforallofusotherwise.M:Right.Maybeyoucoulddosomethingtomakeitlooknicer?W:Yeah,I’vealreadymadesomeshapestoputon.Look.IthinkI’llbrushthetopwithsomeeggmixture,too—thenit’llbeniceandgoldenonceit’sbaked!M:Soundsgood!IthinkDadwilllikethem.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Whattypeofphotographydidthewomanstartwith?A.Streetphotography. B.Fashionphotography. C.Naturephotography.12.Whydoesthewomanlikestreetphotography?A.It’schallenging. B.Ittellsherstory. C.Itdocumentsordinarylife.13.Whatwillthewomangivetheman?A.Aphoto. B.Astorybook. C.Amagazine.【答案】11.C12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Mia,how’syourlatesthobby?W:Thephotographyclassesaregreat.Ican’tgetenoughofthem!I’vebeenpracticingwitheverychanceIget!M:Fascinating.What’syourfocusbeen?W:Iwasinitiallyattractedbylandscapes,flowersandsunsets.ButnowI’mintostreetphotography.Shootingtheordinaryaspectsofpeopleandthingsholdsauniqueappeal.M:Igetit.It’slikerecordinglife,right?W:Exactly!Everyshottellsastory.It’schallengingsometimesbutit’sagreatwaytoexplorethecityandseethedifferentarchitectureandfashion.M:I’dlovetoseeyourwork.MaybeIcouldlearnsomething.W:Actually,Ihavesomethingforyou.Itookitlastweekendwhenweweretogether.M:Wow,Mia...thisisincredible.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Conductingasurvey. B.Askingfordirections. C.Planningatrip.15.Whatisthewomanhappywithaboutthetrain?A.Itsspace. B.ItsInternet. C.Itsspeed.16.Whatdoweknowaboutthetraintoday?A.Itwastoocrowded. B.Itbrokedownhalfway. C.Itranbehindschedule.17.Whatimprovementimpressedthewoman?A.Theinformationdisplayfacilities.B.Biggerboardsfortraintimes.C.Moreseatsontheplatforms.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:OK.Thankyou.NowIwouldliketoknowyourfeelingsaboutyourjourney.Sowhatreallyfloatedyourboattoday?W:Well,theWi-Fihasimprovedalot.Itmakesiteasierformetoworkeveniftheroomisn’tbigenough.M:That’sthefirsttimetodayanyone’smentionedthatIt’sgoodtogetsomepositivefeedbackonthat.W:Mmm.M:And,isthereanythingyouweren’tsatisfiedwith?W:Well,normally,thetrainsrunontimeandareprettyreliablebuttodayitwas15minuteslate.M:OK.I’llputthatdown.NowI’dalsoliketoaskaboutthefacilitiesatthisstation.You’veprobablynoticedthat.Canyousaysomething?W:Ithinkthebestthingisthatthey’veimprovedtheamountofinformationabouttraintimesthat’sgiventopassengers—beforetherewasonlyoneboard.Butnowthereisanelectronicdisplaypanel.EverytimeIwalktotheplatform,Icanclearlyandquicklyknowwhenmytrainwillcome.M:That’sgood.Anythingelse?W:Let’ssee...Onethingisthattherearen’tenoughplacestositdown,especiallyontheplatforms.M:OK—soI’llput‘seating’down.Thanksforyourtime.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】18.WhatisthepurposeofNationalHuggingDay?A.Tocreateachanceforpeopletogetrefreshed.B.Toexpandthepositiveeffectsofhugging.C.Topromoteaneventrelatedtohugging.19.Howwilldailyhugsaffectachild?A.Hewillbesmarter.B.Hewillbemoresociale.C.Hewillbemoreopen-minded.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Animalshugmorethanpeopledo.B.Hugshappeninvarioussituations.C.Huggingrequiresimmediateactions.【答案】18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】W:NationalHuggingDaystartedonJanuary21,1986.TheReverendKevinZaborneyfromtheUSAcreatedtheeventtopromotetheemotionalbenefitsofhugging.InAmerica,NationalHuggingDayisbiginschools,nursinghomesandhospitals.Itisawonderfulwayoflettingpeopleknowhowyoufeelaboutthemandofshowingyourcare.Awordofadvice—askbeforeyouhug!Thereisalotofresearchthatshowshuggingisgoodforus.Dr.JayGordonwroteabookcalled‘BrighterBaby’,whichsaidhuggingachildeverydaymayenhanceachild’sintellectualdevelopment.Unlikekissing,huggingisacceptableinmostsocieties.Itcanbeaformofgreetingbetweenfriends,awayofcelebratingavictory,orawayofshowingyoursupportforsomeone.Huggingalsotakesplaceintheanimalworld.Monkeysareveryfondofahugtoshowtheirfriendship.WeevenseetheTeletubbiesTVcharactersshowingofftheirhuggingskillsastheygiveeachothera“bighug”.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAnimalvolunteeringabroadistheperfectopportunityforanimalloverswhowanttodosomethinggoodwhiletraveling.Hereareseveralprograms.LeatherbackTurtleAmbassadorOurmainmissionistoprotectendangeredseaturtlessuchastheleatherbackseaturtleandthegreenseaturtle.Byworkingwithlocalsandenvironmentaleducationprograms,wewillbeabletoeducatepeopleontheimportanceofprotectingthevaluableseaecosystem.Location:Limon,CostaRicaRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishFee:266€perweekWildlifeShelterCarerEveryyear,hundredsofthousandsofnativeanimalsareinjuredorbecomesick,oftenbecauseofinteractionwithpeopleorpets.Ourwildlifesheltershaverescuedsick,injurednativewildlifeandlovedthembacktohealthtobereturnedtothenaturalenvironment.Sincewereceivenofundingfromgovernments,thesheltersrelyonthedonationsofvolunteersandthepublic.Location:NewSouthWales,AustraliaRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:fluentEnglishFee:706€perweekThaiElephantSanctuaryOurprogramhelpsdomesticatedelephantsrescuedfromalifeofworkingonthestreetsorloggingandprovidescaretorescuedelephantpopulation.TheprogramhaswonnumerousawardsforitsethicalcontributiontotheassistanceofThaiElephants.Theteamhaverescueddozensofelephantsandgiventhemsheltersinbeautiful,openspaces.Location:Phetchaburiprovince,ThailandRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:fluentEnglishFee:647€perweekForce-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistantAreyoupassionateabouthorsesandeagertomakeapositiveimpactonhorsewelfare?JoinourincredibleForce-FreeHorseSanctuaryProgram,whereyou’llbecomepartofadevotedteamcaringforourbeautifulhorses.Throughpositivereinforcementandforce-freehorsemanshipskills,you’llhelpimprovethelivesofthesemagnificentanimals.Location:Atajate,SpainRequirements:Age:14-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishorbasicSpanishFee:392€perweek21.Whichprogramcostsleastperweek?A.LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador. B.WildlifeShelterCarer.C.ThaiElephantSanctuary. D.Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant.22.WhatcanyoudointheprogramofWildlifeShelterCarer?A.Advocateprotectingseaanimals.B.Attendtoanimalsinpoorcondition.C.Adoptendangeredanimalsasyourpets.D.Acquirecomplicatedhorsemanshipskills.23.Wherecanyouvolunteerifyouarea15-year-oldEnglishspeaker?A.Limon,CostaRica. B.NewSouthWales,Australia.C.Phetchaburiprovince,Thailand. D.Atajate,Spain.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹四個(gè)不同的動(dòng)物保護(hù)志愿者項(xiàng)目，每個(gè)項(xiàng)目都提供了詳細(xì)的描述，包括項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)、地點(diǎn)、要求和費(fèi)用。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador下的“Fee:266€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周266歐元)”，WildlifeShelterCarer下的“Fee:706€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周706歐元)”，ThaiElephantSanctuary下的“Fee:647€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周647歐元)”以及Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant下的“Fee:392€perweek(費(fèi)用：每周392歐元)”可知，LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador是花費(fèi)最少的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WildlifeShelterCarer下的“Everyyear,hundredsofthousandsofnativeanimalsareinjuredorbecomesick,oftenbecauseofinteractionwithpeopleorpets.Ourwildlifesheltershaverescuedsick,injurednativewildlifeandlovedthembacktohealthtobereturnedtothenaturalenvironment.Sincewereceivenofundingfromgovernments,thesheltersrelyonthedonationsofvolunteersandthepublic.(每年，成千上萬的本土動(dòng)物受傷或生病，通常是因?yàn)榕c人或?qū)櫸锏幕?dòng)。我們的野生動(dòng)物收容所拯救了生病、受傷的本地野生動(dòng)物，并愛護(hù)它們，使它們恢復(fù)健康，回歸自然環(huán)境。由于我們沒有得到政府的資助，這些庇護(hù)所依靠志愿者和公眾的捐款)”可知，在WildlifeShelterCarer可以照料狀況不佳的動(dòng)物。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant下的“Requirements:Age:14-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishorbasicSpanish(要求：年齡14-50歲;語言能力:基本英語或基本西班牙語)”可知，如果你是一個(gè)15歲的英語母語者，你可以在Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant中作志愿者，地點(diǎn)在“Location:Atajate,Spain”。故選D項(xiàng)。BMyplantolearntoplaythecello(大提琴)wasahealthychoice.SoItookthenextinnocentstepofgoingtoashopthatsellsandrentsstringinstruments,especiallyviolins,violas,andcellos.Theplacewasahole-in-the-wall,upasteepflightofstairs.Instrumentsleftanarrowpathtothecounterwhereawomanwithgreyhairandwarmeyesgreetedme.SinceIcouldn’tformaquestionaboutwhatIwanted,Ijuststoodthereexploringthescene,whichfeltimmenselypleasurable.Irentedacello,abow,andacasetoholdthem.Whatattractedmetothecellowasitsenormoussizeanditssoft,smooth,andmemorablesounds.It’saninstrumentmadeofbeautifullypolishedwoodthatIcouldwrapmyarmsaroundandfeelitspowerfulvibrationswhenthestringswereplayed.Thatwasagoodstartingpointforme.TheonlyproblemwasthatIdidn’tknowhowtoplayit.There’sapopularbeliefthatthecelloisaparticularlydifficultinstrumenttolearn.Anotheristheadmonition,“Don’tbotherifyouareabeginneroverage10!”Well,Iwas70,andwhatothersthoughtnolongerinfluencedme.Andbesides,IthoughtofthewordsofDr.Cohen,whosuggestedthatlearningcausesphysicalchangesinthebrain.SoIfoundateacherwhohadrespectforolderadultbeginnersandIpracticeddiligently,dailyforyears,andsometimesdisheartened,butIkeptup.I’mhappytoreportthatnow,morethanadecadelater,Icanholdmyowninastringtrioandtwoquartets（twoviolins,aviola,andme,thefemalecello）andevenaseniorcommunityband.Ofcourse,I’llneversoundlikeYo-YoMabutyoucouldrecognizeaMozartpieceifyouheardmeplayit.And,moreimportantly,Idon’tneedtopleaseanyonebutmyself.Whetherit’sapleasurablepastimeoranewcareer,thestartingpointisthesame:wonder,curiosity,determination,andthedesiretokeepyourbrainsharp.24.Howdidthewriterfeelintheshop?A.Amusedbytheshopassistant.B.Anxiousforaliveperformance.C.Pleasedatthenicemusicatmosphere.D.Curiousaboutwheretofindateacher.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“admonition”inparagraph3mean?A.Approval. B.Criticism.C.Puzzlement. D.Warning.26.WhydoesthewritermentionDr.Coheninparagraph3?A.Torecommendareliabledoctor.B.Toprovideproofforcommonbelief.C.Toaddanotherreasonforherdecision.D.Tostressthecrucialfunctionofthebrain.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbestconveythewriter’sidea?A.Artisman’ssecondnature.B.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.C.Educationisthekeytosuccess.D.Happinessisthebestformofhealth.【答案】24.C25.D26.C27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。它講述了一個(gè)人如何開始學(xué)習(xí)大提琴的經(jīng)歷，從對(duì)樂器的吸引，到面臨困難和質(zhì)疑，再到堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)并取得一定的成果?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SinceIcouldn’tformaquestionaboutwhatIwanted,Ijuststoodthereexploringthescene,whichfeltimmenselypleasurable.(因?yàn)槲也恢牢蚁胍裁?，我只是站在那里探索場景，這讓我感到非常愉快)”可以推知，作者對(duì)商店里的音樂氛圍感到滿意。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“There’sapopularbeliefthatthecelloisaparticularlydifficultinstrumenttolearn.(人們普遍認(rèn)為大提琴是一種特別難學(xué)的樂器)”以及后文“Don’tbotherifyouareabeginneroverage10!(如果你是一個(gè)10歲以上的初學(xué)者，那就別費(fèi)心了！)”可知，這是在給出一種警告，因此推知“admonition”的意思是“警告”，和D項(xiàng)意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Well,Iwas70,andwhatothersthoughtnolongerinfluencedme.Andbesides,IthoughtofthewordsofDr.Cohen,whosuggestedthatlearningcausesphysicalchangesinthebrain.(好吧，我70歲了，別人的想法不再影響我。此外，我想起了科恩博士的話，他認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致大腦的生理變化)”可以推知，作者提到Dr.Cohen是為了為自己的決定再添加一個(gè)理由，即學(xué)習(xí)大提琴有益于大腦健康。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“There’sapopularbeliefthatthecelloisaparticularlydifficultinstrumenttolearn.Anotheristheadmonition,“Don’tbotherifyouareabeginneroverage10!”Well,Iwas70,andwhatothersthoughtnolongerinfluencedme.Andbesides,IthoughtofthewordsofDr.Cohen,whosuggestedthatlearningcausesphysicalchangesinthebrain.(有一種流行的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，大提琴是一種特別難學(xué)的樂器。還有一種告誡是：“如果你是一個(gè)10歲以上的初學(xué)者，那就別費(fèi)心了！”不過，我當(dāng)時(shí)已經(jīng)70歲了，別人的想法再也無法影響我。而且，我想到了科恩博士的話，他提出學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)引起大腦的物理變化)”以及最后一段“Whetherit’sapleasurablepastimeoranewcareer,thestartingpointisthesame:wonder,curiosity,determination,andthedesiretokeepyourbrainsharp.(無論是一種愉快的消遣還是一份新的職業(yè)，出發(fā)點(diǎn)都是一樣的：驚奇、好奇、決心和保持大腦敏銳的愿望)”可知，作者的主要想法是：年齡并不是學(xué)習(xí)新事物的限制，只要有好奇心、決心和堅(jiān)持，人們可以在任何時(shí)候開始學(xué)習(xí)新的技能并取得成就。這與“活到老，學(xué)到老”的諺語相呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了終身學(xué)習(xí)的重要性。故選B項(xiàng)。CImaginebeingabletouseenergyfromthesunallthetime,evenwhenit’snight.That’stheideathatscientistsatCaltech（CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology）areexploring.They’reworkingoncollectingsunlightinspaceandsendingitsenergytoEarth.Caltech’sscientistshavecreatedaspecialtoolforthisproject.TheycallitMAPLE.MAPLEandtwootherdevicesarepartofaprojectthatwassentintospaceinJanuary,2023.MAPLE’sjobistotesttheideaofsendingenergywirelesslyfromspacetoEarth.We’reusedtousingwirestomoveelectricalenergyfromoneplacetoanother.Butsendingenergywithoutwiresisalottrickier.ThemethodusedbyCaltech’sscientistsdependsonthewaywavesactwhentheymeet.Imaginetwowavescomingtogetherastheytravelinthesamedirection.Ifthetopsofthewaveslineup,theycombinetomakeabiggerwave.Butifthetopofonewavelinesupwiththelowpointoftheother,thewavescanceleachotherout.TheCaltechteamhasfoundawaytocontrolthetimingoflotsofmicrowavessothattheycancombinetheirpower,andfocustheenergyinonedirection.It’salittlelikeusingamagnifying（放大的）glasstofocussunlightintoasmall,hotpointoflight.Toprovethatthesystemcouldwork,MAPLEsentenergytotwodevicesjust30centimetersawayinspace.Thisenergywasthenturnedintoelectricity,whichmadetwosmalllightslightup.Next,MAPLEsentenergyallthewaydowntoalabatCaltech.Thescientistswereabletodetecttheenergy,provingthatit’spossibletosendsolarenergytoEarthfromspace.Dr.Hajimiri,oneoftheproject’sleaders,thinksthatoneday,thesystemcouldbeextremelyuseful,bringingenergytoplacesthatneedit,allovertheworld.Hebelievesthatinthefuture,we’llbeabletosendenergytoremoteregionsandareasdestroyedbywarornaturaldisaster.28.WhatisthechallengeinCaltech’sprojectwithMAPLE?A.Solarenergydetection.B.Wirelessenergydelivery.C.Sendingdevicesintospace.D.Usingwirestomoveelectricity.29.HowdoestheCaltechteamconcentratesolarpower?ABychangingthewaymicrowavesact.B.Bymagnifyingwavescomingtogether.C.Bycontrollingthetimingofmicrowaves.D.Byliningupthewavesinoppositedirections.30.WhatpotentialbenefitcouldthesystembringinthefutureaccordingtoDr.Hajimiri?A.Warningpeopleofnaturaldisasters.B.Turningsolarenergyintoelectricity.C.Providingasolutiontoenergyshortages.D.Sendingenergytoregionsinurgentneed.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheUseofSolarEnergyinSpaceExplorationB.TheChallengesofGeneratingEnergyWithoutWiresC.TheDevelopmentofaNewToolforCollectingElectricityD.ThePossibilityofSendingEnergyWirelesslyfromSpacetoEarth【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了加州理工學(xué)院（Caltech）的科學(xué)家正在探索從太空中收集陽光并將其能量發(fā)送回地球的想法，他們?yōu)榇藙?chuàng)造了一個(gè)特殊工具M(jìn)APLE，并解釋了MAPLE如何通過控制微波的時(shí)機(jī)來聚焦能量?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Caltech’sscientistshavecreatedaspecialtoolforthisproject.TheycallitMAPLE.MAPLEandtwootherdevicesarepartofaprojectthatwassentintospaceinJanuary,2023.MAPLE’sjobistotesttheideaofsendingenergywirelesslyfromspacetoEarth.We’reusedtousingwirestomoveelectricalenergyfromoneplacetoanother.Butsendingenergywithoutwiresisalottrickier.(加州理工學(xué)院的科學(xué)家們?yōu)檫@個(gè)項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)特殊的工具。他們稱之為MAPLE。MAPLE和另外兩個(gè)設(shè)備是2023年1月送入太空的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的一部分。MAPLE的任務(wù)是測(cè)試從太空向地球無線發(fā)送能量的想法。我們習(xí)慣于用電線把電能從一個(gè)地方傳輸?shù)搅硪粋€(gè)地方。但是在沒有電線的情況下傳輸能量要棘手得多)”可知，MAPLE的挑戰(zhàn)是無線能量傳輸。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheCaltechteamhasfoundawaytocontrolthetimingoflotsofmicrowavessothattheycancombinetheirpower,andfocustheenergyinonedirection.It’salittlelikeusingamagnifying（放大的）glasstofocussunlightintoasmall,hotpointoflight.(加州理工學(xué)院的研究小組已經(jīng)找到了一種方法來控制大量微波的時(shí)間，這樣它們就可以結(jié)合它們的能量，并將能量集中在一個(gè)方向上。這有點(diǎn)像用放大鏡把太陽光聚焦成一個(gè)小的熱點(diǎn))”可知，加州理工學(xué)院的團(tuán)隊(duì)通過控制微波的時(shí)間來集中太陽能。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Dr.Hajimiri,oneoftheproject’sleaders,thinksthatoneday,thesystemcouldbeextremelyuseful,bringingenergytoplacesthatneedit,allovertheworld.Hebelievesthatinthefuture,we’llbeabletosendenergytoremoteregionsandareasdestroyedbywarornaturaldisaster.(Hajimiri博士是該項(xiàng)目的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者之一，他認(rèn)為有一天，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)會(huì)非常有用，把能源帶到世界各地需要它的地方。他相信，在未來，我們將能夠向偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)和被戰(zhàn)爭或自然災(zāi)害摧毀的地區(qū)輸送能源)”可知，根據(jù)Hajimiri博士的說法，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)在未來會(huì)向急需能源的地區(qū)輸送能源。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Imaginebeingabletouseenergyfromthesunallthetime,evenwhenit’snight.That’stheideathatscientistsatCaltech（CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology）areexploring.They’reworkingoncollectingsunlightinspaceandsendingitsenergytoEarth.(想象一下，可以一直使用太陽能，即使是在晚上。這就是加州理工學(xué)院(Caltech)的科學(xué)家們正在探索的想法。他們正致力于在太空中收集陽光并將其能量發(fā)送到地球)”以及縱觀全文可知，主要討論了使用Caltech科學(xué)家創(chuàng)造的特殊工具M(jìn)APLE從太空向地球無線傳輸能源的可能性，所以D項(xiàng)“ThePossibilityofSendingEnergyWirelesslyfromSpacetoEarth(從太空向地球無線傳輸能量的可能性)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。DOnthestreetsofManhattanandWashington,D.C.,inneighborhoodsinSeoulandparksinParis,ginkgo(銀杏)treesarelosingtheirleavesinreactiontothefirstgustofcoldwinterair.Thisleafdrop,gradualatfirst,andthensudden,carpetsstreetswithgolden,fan-shapedleaves.Scientistsaredocumentingevidenceoftheeventhappeninglaterandlater,apossibleindicationofclimatechange.Butthestoryofginkgosisnotthefamiliaroneofhumancarelessnesswithnature.ThankstofossilsfoundinNorthDakota,scientistsfoundaginkgohasgeneticallysimilarancestorsdatingback170millionyearstotheJurassicPeriod.“Italmostwentextinct.Thenhumansrescueditandspreaditaroundtheworld.It’ssuchagreatevolutionary(進(jìn)化)andculturalstory,”saysPeterCrane,aginkgoexpert.Onetheoryforthedeclineoftheginkgospeciesbegan130millionyearsago,whenfloweringplantsbeganspreading.Theygrewfasterandattractedmorepollinators(傳粉者)thanginkgos.“It’spossiblethatginkgoswereelbowedoutoftheway,”saysCrane.Alreadycompetingtosurvive,ginkgosbegantodisappearduringatimeofglobalcoolingthatbeganaround66millionyearsago.Bythetimethelasticeageended11,000yearsago,theremainingsurvivorswerefoundinChina.Ginkgotreesaresmelly.“Myguessisthattheywereeatenbyanimalsthatlikedsmellythings.Theythenpassedthroughtheirbodyandgrew.”Cranesays.Thosesameseedsmayhavehelpedginkgofindfavorwithhumans1,000yearsago.Oncecleanedoftheirouterlayer,ginkgoseedsaresafetoeat.It’sthen,whenthetreeshadlongsincedisappearedelsewhere,thatpeopleinChinamayhavebegunplantingthemandeatingtheirseeds.Thengraduallyginkgosspreadacrosstheworld.Nowit’sseeminglynaturallyresistanttoinsectsandhighlevelsofairpollution.Craneisn’tworriedaboutitsfuture,though:Thepopularityofthespecieswillhelpitsurvive.“Thoughitsstatusinthewildmaybedifficulttoaccess,it’saplantthat’sunlikelytoevergoextinct,”hesays.32.Whatmayhavecausedthefurtherdelayofginkgo’sleafdrop?A.Thecolderweatherinwinter.B.Theprotectionfromcitycouncils.C.Theglobalwarmingphenomenon.D.Thecarelessinteractionwithhumans.33.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thereasonswhyginkgosalmostdiedout.B.Theadvantagesofginkgosoverotherplants.C.Thetheoriesofexpertsformultiplyingginkgos.D.Thecompetitionbetweenvariousfloweringplants.34.Whatmighthavecontributedtoginkgos’survival?A.Theireatableseeds. B.Theirunpleasantsmell.C.Thenaturalevolution. D.Thecarefulplanting.35.HowdoesCranefeelaboutginkgos’future?A.Worried. B.Optimistic. C.Uncertain. D.Hopeless.【答案】32.C33.A34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了銀杏樹的歷史、特點(diǎn)、傳播以及現(xiàn)狀，通過科學(xué)家和專家的觀點(diǎn)和研究來闡述銀杏樹在自然界和人類文化中的重要地位，同時(shí)也探討了銀杏樹面臨的一些挑戰(zhàn)和未來發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistsaredocumentingevidenceoftheeventhappeninglaterandlater,apossibleindicationofclimatechange.(科學(xué)家們正在記錄這一事件發(fā)生得越來越晚的證據(jù)，這可能是氣候變化的一個(gè)跡象)”可推知，全球變暖現(xiàn)象可能是導(dǎo)致銀杏落葉時(shí)間進(jìn)一步推遲的原因。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Onetheoryforthedeclineoftheginkgospeciesbegan130millionyearsago,whenfloweringplantsbeganspreading.Theygrewfasterandattractedmorepollinators(傳粉者)thanginkgos.“It’spossiblethatginkgoswereelbowedoutoftheway,”saysCrane.Alreadycompetingtosurvive,ginkgosbegantodisappearduringatimeofglobalcoolingthatbeganaround66millionyearsago.Bythetimethelasticeageended11,000yearsago,theremainingsurvivorswerefoundinChina.(關(guān)于銀杏物種衰落的一種理論始于1.3億年前，當(dāng)時(shí)開花植物開始傳播。它們的生長速度比銀杏快，吸引了更多的傳粉者。“有可能銀杏被擠出了生存的道路，”克雷恩說。已經(jīng)在為生存而競爭的銀杏，在全球變冷時(shí)期開始消失，這一時(shí)期大約始于6600萬年前。到最后一個(gè)冰河時(shí)代結(jié)束前的11000年，剩下的幸存者在中國被發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，本段主要講述了銀杏樹幾乎滅絕的原因，包括與其他植物的競爭以及全球變冷等因素。因此，本段的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于銀杏樹幾乎滅絕的原因。故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thosesameseedsmayhavehelpedginkgofindfavorwithhumans1,000yearsago.Oncecleanedoftheirouterlayer,ginkgoseedsaresafetoeat.It’sthen,whenthetreeshadlongsincedisappearedelsewhere,thatpeopleinChinamayhavebegunplantingthemandeatingtheirseeds.Thengraduallyginkgosspreadacrosstheworld.Nowit’sseeminglynaturallyresistanttoinsectsandhighlevelsofairpollution.(同樣的種子可能在1000年前幫助銀杏贏得了人類的青睞。一旦去掉外層，銀杏種子就可以安全食用。然后，當(dāng)這些樹在其他地方早已消失的時(shí)候，中國人可能已經(jīng)開始種植它們并食用它們的種子。然后銀杏逐漸傳播到世界各地?，F(xiàn)在它似乎對(duì)昆蟲和高水平的空氣污染具有天然的抵抗力)”可知，銀杏樹能夠生存下來，部分原因是因?yàn)樗鼈兊姆N子可以被人類食用。故選A項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Craneisn’tworriedaboutitsfuture,though:Thepopularityofthespecieswillhelpitsurvive.“Thoughitsstatusinthewildmaybedifficulttoaccess,it’saplantthat’sunlikelytoevergoextinct,”hesays.(不過，克雷恩并不擔(dān)心它的未來：這個(gè)物種的受歡迎程度將有助于它的生存。“盡管它在野外的地位可能難以評(píng)估，但它是一種不太可能滅絕的植物，”他說)”可知，專家Crane對(duì)銀杏樹的未來并不擔(dān)心，認(rèn)為這個(gè)物種的受歡迎程度將有助于它的生存。由此推知，Crane對(duì)銀杏的未來是樂觀的。故選B想。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Readinganewstoryaloneisoftenagreatwaytorelax.However,sometimesyoujustwanttodiscusswhatyou’vereadwithanotherpersontobringthoseideasoffthepageandintotheworld.____36____First,findmembers.Whenyoubeginsearchingforyourbookclubmembers,lookintheplacesinyourlifethatfeelmostnaturaltoyou.____37____Then,maybeit’spostinganoticeonthebulletinboardofyourlocallibraryorbookstore.Ifyou’relookingto“getarangeofperspectives”fromyourclub,youmaywanttoconsiderlookingforadiverserangeofagesandgenders.Theycanbringtheirvariedworldviewstodiscussions.____38____Willyourtimetogetherbespentlargelyfocusingonthenovelathand,orwillrefreshmentsultimatelybethemostimportant?