2021-2022學(xué)年遼寧省遼東南協(xié)作體高一（上）第一次月考英語(yǔ)試卷（附答案詳解）

202L2022學(xué)年遼寧省遼東南協(xié)作體高一（上）第一次月

考英語(yǔ)試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

Provincetovvn,CapeCodRestaurants

Afteradayonihesandsorexploringourcharmingtown,enjoylocalealsj'romfreshseafood

andlobstertoauthenticItalian.You'llfindmanywonderfulProvincetown,CapeCod

restaurantsandcafesjuststepsaway.

Fanizzi'sRestaurant

RightnextdoortoourhotcLthisaward-winninglocalcatcryisoneofthefinestCapeCod

restaurants.Themenuhighlightsseafood,Italian,steaks,burgers,andfreshsalads.Enjoythe

FridayFishFry,EarlyBirdSpecials,andSundayBrunch,availablefrom10：00a.m.to2：()0

p.m.allyearlong.

539CommercialStreet|508-487-1964

Napi'sRestaurant

Napi'sservesdinnerallyearroundandlunchfromApriltoOctober.Acozyplacelocatedjust

offCommercialStreetandoverflowingwithlocalart,thisCapeCod,Massachusettsclassic

specializesineverythingfromfreshlycaughtseafoodtoPortugueseandBraziliandishesto

vegetarianitems.

7FreemanStreet|800-571-6274

MewsRestaurant

EnjoyviewsofProvincetownHarboratthiswaterfrontrestaurantjuststepsfromSurfside

Hotel&Suites.Intercontinentaldishesarcservedinthebcach-levcldiningroom,whileupstairs

you'llfindacasualAmericanbistro.Summcrmonthsbringonabrunchmcnu,anddinneris

servedyear-round.

429CommercialStreet508-487-1500

TheRedInn

Afavoriteamongourguests,TheRedInnislocatedonProvincetown'spicturesquewaterfront

whichprovidesdinerswiththemostgorgeousharborviewsandspectacularsunscts.ThcRed

Innprovideshistoricoldworldcharmwithnewworldplcasurc.Thcirmenufeaturesthefinest

localseafood.

15CommercialStreet508487-7334

I.Whichrestaurantoffersaspecialbreakfastforearlyrisers?

A.Fanizzi'sRestaurant.B.Napi'sRestaurant.

C.MewsRestaurant.D.TheRedInn.

2.Whatis{specialaboutTheRedInn?

A.Itexhibitsthegoodlocalart.

B.Ilisthefinestlocalrestaurant.

C.Itoffersthebestlocalseafood.

D.Itservesbrunchallyearround.

3.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.Accommodation.B.Lifestyles.

C.Sightseeing.D.Dining.

B

JulesVernewasbornon8February1828intheFrenchcityofNantes.Fromanearlyage,hehad

afascinationwithexplorationanddiscovery.Whenhewassix,histeacher,Madame

Sambin,toklhimstoriesaboutherhusband,whodisappearedwhiletravelingtheworldonaship

30yearsbefore.ShetoldherclassthathewaslikeRobinsonCrusoe,afictionalcastawaywho

livedonadesertisland.Vernewouldlaterwritestoriesaboutsimilarcharacters.

In1847,VemewassentbyhisfamilytostudylawalauniversityinParis,buthepreferredto

writenovels,poemsandplays.Aftergraduating,herealizedhewantedtowriteadventurestories

basedonscienceandtechnology.Thishadneverbeendonebefbre,butVernewassurethatit

wouldbeasuccess.Hisfirststory,FiveWeeksinaBalloon,\vaspublishedinSeptember

1862.Hiscareerlastedformorethan40years,duringwhichtimehewrotemorethan60

grippingstories.

Tobeginwith.Vernewrotepositiveandoptimisticbooks.Manyoftheseweretobehismost

popularcrcations.Althoughsomeincludedfantasticalclcmcnts,thcywereusuallybasedin

scientificfact,makingthembelievable.Thesehappystoriesweren'ttolast.Ashegot

older,Vernebecamelessconfidentintheideathatscienceandtechnologywerealwaysgood

fortheplanet.Hisbooksstartedloincludemorescientistswhousedtechnologyfortheir

own-sometimesevil-purposes.Vernediedon24March1905,butnewbookscontinuedtobe

publisheduntil1919.ThesestorieswerebasedonideasVernehadwrittenaboutwhilehewas

第2頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

stillalive,bulfeaturednewcharactersandplotscreatedbyhisson,Michel.

Inthe20thcenlury.hisbooksweretranslatedintomorethan140languagesandseveral

successfulfilmversionswerereleased.Hiscreationshavebeenrecognizedasaninspirationfbr

manyscientistsandinventors.Manyofthefuturisticideasfromhismostpopularbookshave

sincecometrue.

4.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?

A.ToshowVerne'sdiscovery.

B.ToofferthebackgroundinformationofVerne.

C.TotelloftheadventureofSambin'shusband.

D.ToexplainhowVemebeganhiswritingcareer.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"refertoinParagraph2?

A.Writingnovels,poemsandplays.

B.Studyinglaw.

C.Graduatingfromuniversity.

D.Wringadventurestories.

6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutVerne'slateworks?

A.Theycoveredhappyelements.

B.Theywereunbelievablestories.

C.TheyrevealedVerne'sdoubtonscience.

D.TheywerepartlywrittenbyBerne'sson.

7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesVerne?

A.Talentedandproductive.B.Popularandcaring.

C.Optimisticandgenerous.D.Friendlyandhonest.

c

Parentsandmathteachersregularlyaskedbytheirschool-agedchargeswhethermathmatters

inreallifenowhaveananswer.

InastudypublishedbytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearchthisweek,Harvard

KennedySchoolPolicyProfessorJoshuaGoodmantookalookatwhathappenedtostudents

whosehighschoolswererequiredinthe1980stoincreasetheminimumlevelofcoursework

requiredtograduate.Whalhe(bundis(hatthestudentsweremorelikelytoincreasethenumber

ofmathcoursestheytookasaresultofthechangeinstandardsandthattranslatedintohigher

earningsdowntheline.

Putsimply：About15yearsaftertheygraduated,thehighschoolgraduateswhowenttoschool

whenthesechangestookeffectsaw(heiraverageearningsincreaseabout10%foreveryextra

yearofmathcoursework.Thefindingsmayaddfueltothesteadydrumofeducation

experts,policymakersandotherscallingforanincreasedfocusonscienceandmatheducation.

Theincreaseinrequiredmathcoursesdidn'tnecessarilyproducerocketscientists,Goodman

notcs,bccausctheextracourseworkwasn'tataparticularlyhighlevel.Butbecomingfamiliar

withandpracticingrelativelybasicmathskillsallowedhighschoolgraduatestopursueand

excela(jobs(hatrequiredsomelevelofcomputationalknowledge,hesaid.

Goodmanacknowledgedthattheearningsboostforthestudentsconnectedwiththeuptick(I:

升)inmatheducationmaybedependentonthestateoftheeconomy.WhenGoodmanchecked

in(helate1990sandearly2000son(heearningsofthestudentswhograduatedinthelate1985,

hefoundthattheirearningsincreasedsignificantlyiftheytookmoremath.

8.WhatdoesJoshuaGoodman'sstudyfind?

A.Highschoolgraduatesearnmore.

B.Highschoolstudentsprefermath.

C.Mathmattersalotinone'sincome.

D.Mathisacompulsorycourseinschool.

9.Whyisincreaseinrequiredmathcoursesuseful?

A.Itproducedrocketscientists.

B.Itmakeshighschoolstudentssmarter.

C.Itmeetstherequirementsofthegovernment.

D.Itenableshighschoolgraduatestogetbetterjobs.

10.Whatmightbetheauthor'spurposeinwriting(hetext?

A.Togiveawarningtopolicymakers.

B.Toseekhelpforhighschoolstudents'problems.

C.Toshowthegreatimportanceoflearningmath.

D.Totellastrugglinghistoryofhighschoolstudents.

11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Effortsmattermost

B.Mathmakesmoney

C.Earningsofdifferentgraduates

D.Changesofhighschoolcourses

第4頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

Braincellsworktoactivelyforgetmemoriesduringaspecificperiodofsleep.Whenwesleep

ourbrainsclearout(hememorieswe'vemadewhilewe'reawake,decidingwhattokeepand

whattogetridof.Forgettingisanactiveprocess,explainedtheauthorsofthestudypublishedin

thejournalScience.Butlessisknownaboutthisprocessduringthedifferentperiodsofsleep.

Theyfound(hatduringtherapideyemovement(REM)sleepperiod——oractivesleepwhenwe

arethoughttodream-specialnervecellsappeartoactivelycontributetoforgetting.Whatare

knownasmelanin-concentratinghormone-producing(MCH)neurons(神經(jīng)元)sitinthe

hypothalamus(下丘腦)：apartofthebrainwhichhelpswitharangeoffunctionssuchas

sleep,appetiteandemotions.PastresearchhassuggestedthesecellshelptocontrolREMsleep

patterns：activatingtheMCHneuronsincreasingtimespentinthisperiod,whilepreventing

themreducingchangesintothisperiod.

ThescientistslookedatMCHcellsinmice,andfound52.8percentwcrcactiveduringREM

sleep,comparedwith35percentwhenthemicewcrcawakc.Studyco-authorThomas

Kilduff,directoroftheCenterforNeuroscienceatSRIInternational,toldNewsweektheteam

wassurprisedtofindthatmiceperformedbetteronlearningandmemorytaskswhentheMCH

cellswereprevented."Thisresultsuggeststhatactivationof(heMCHneuronsmayaffect

memory-thatis,MCHneuronsmayfacilitateforgetting,"Kilduffexplained.

Whenaskedwhatmotivatedthestudy,Kilduffsaid/'Wehopetheworkcoulddeepenour

understandingofAlzheimer'sdisease.Understandingtheneuralbasisoflearningandmemcry

isahugeareaofncuroscicnccresearchbecauseofitseffectsonoureverydaylives,aswellas

diseasessuchasAlzheimer'sdisease.Priortothiswork,noonesuspectedthatMCHneurons

hadanythingtodowithforgetting,"saidKilduff.

12.WhatcanweinferfromparagraphI?

A.Forgettingisapassiveprocess.

B.Theforgettingprocessisknowntous.

C.Somememoriesarcforgottenwhilewcarcawake.

D.Certainmemoriesareremovedwhileweareasleep.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inparagraph2referto?

A.REMsleeppatterns.B.Pastresearches.

C.MCHneurons.D.Arangeoffunctions.

14.WhydidKilduffsteamconducttheresearch?

A.Topublishthestudyin(hejournalScience.

B.ToknowmoreaboutAlzheimersdisease.

C.Tocontributetohuman'sforgetting.

D.Toexploreoureverydaylives.

15.WhatcanweknowaboutMCH?

A.MCHcellstakescontrolofREMsleeppatterns.

B.MCHneuronsmaydisturbmemoryconsolidation.

C.MCHneuronshavenothingtodowithforgetting.

D.MCHcellshelpmiceperformingbetteronlearning.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

WillCovid-19KilltheHandshake?Thehandshakemightdatebacktothe14thcentury.when

knightsandsoldierswouldextendtheirunclenched(松開(kāi)的)righthandstowardeachotherin

greetingtoshowthattheywerecarryingnoweapons.

(1)Orrather,itstendencyforpickingupandholdingontogerms(細(xì)菌)frompolluted

surfaces,orfromourowneyesornoseswhenwehavecertainillnesses.Thosegermscanthen

betransferredintothehandsofthepeoplewegreet,whilewecanpickuptheirgerms.Wethen

willprobablytouchourowneyesornosesormouths,potentiallysickeningourselvesand

restartingthecycle.

Nowthatanovelcoronavirusisspreadingfast,ourhandsarebeingcastinanew,doubtfullight.

(2)Andlately,(heInternethasbeenfullofsuggestionsforsociallyacceptablewaystogreet

eachotherthatdon'tinvolvepassinggermsalongunintentionallyfromonepersontothenext.

(3)Infact.thetraditionofshakinghandsisn'ttheonlygreetingtotakeafreshlook.AMaori

tribeinNewZealandputthebrakesonhongi,thctraditionalnose-to-nosehello.(4)Maybe

peoplewillstopmakingfunoftheHollywoodairkiss,thoughit'snotahugeimprovement

health-wise.

COVID-19isarealthreat,andweshouldn'ttakethewarninglightly.Wemay,indeed,needto

keepourhandstoourselvesforthetimebeing.Butwe'renotreadytosendhandshakeintoihe

dustbinofhistory.Humanslongformakingaphysicalconnectionwithfriends.For

now,perhaps,aregretfulsmileandnodmightworkasasharedacknowledgment.(5)

A.Couldwehugeachotherornod?

第6頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

B.Couldthisbetheendofthehandshake?

C.Asweallknow,shakinghandshasbecomeahabit.

D.Afterall.ourfriendlyintentionswerenottoinfectorbeinfectedbyothers.

E.Thesedays,itwouldseem.thepotentialweaponisn'taknife,butthehanditself.

F.Wc'rcbeingdrilledinhandwashingtechniquesasifwcwereallsccond-gradcrs.

G.TheFrenchhavebeenadvisedtoabandonthefamiliarkissonthecheckgreeting.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

Myparentswentbankrupt(破產(chǎn))whenIwassevenyearsold.Iwentfromakidwhogot

everythingheaskedfortoonc(21)havingnowheretostay.Thischangewasas(22)formy

parentsasitwasforme.ButIwasn'tusedtohearing"no"soI(23)asking.

WhenaskedwhalIwantedfbrmybirthday,!saidIwantedavideogamingsystem.Ididn't

knowitwas(24).AllIknewwasthatmyfriends(25)themand(hatIwantedonetoo.

OnmybirthdayJ(26)startedopeningmypresent,believingIwouldgetwhat1(27).ButI

didn't.Mymomcouldtellmy(28)andshestartedcrying.!gavehera(29)thatwasbiggerthan

ever.Hertears(30)methatshewasworkingsohardandthatshecouldn't(31)togiveme

anythingIdidn'tneed.

FromthenonIlearnedto(32)thethingsIhad.WhenIwantedanewiPodJhadtoworktobuy

it.Igota(33)jobandafterworkingforamontheverydayafterschool.

Isavedupenough(34)tobuyit.Thefeelingofhaving(35)somethingisoneofthebestfeelings

intheworld.

21.A.stillB.hardlyC.evenD.merely

22.A.minorB.dramaticC.effectiveD.exciting

23.A.stoppedB.admiuedC.forgotD.kept

24.A.expensiveB.complicatedC.unnecessaryD.advanced

25.A.likedB.ownedC.wonD.chose

26.A.cheerfullyB.curiouslyC.impatientlyD.violently

27.A.workedonB.agreedonC.longedfbrD.struggledfor

28.A.hesitationB.innocence

C.determinationD.disappointment

29.A.surpriseB.hugC.taskD.gift

30.A.remindedB.promisedC.persuadedD.warned

31.A.expectB.fightC.affordD.remember

32.A.selectB.abandonC.compareD.appreciate

33.A.dead-endB.part-timeC.demandingD.regular

34.A.energyB.timeC.wagesD.fees

35.A.earnedB.createdC.beatenD.caught

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.Oneday,abouttenyearsago,whileworkingatthecashregister(收銀機(jī))in(hegift

shopa(myUniversityMuseumofNaturalHistory,Isaw(1)elderlycouplecomeinwith

alittlegirlinawheelchair.AsIlooked(2)(close)atthisgirl,Ifoundthatshewas

fixedonherchair.1thenrealizedshehadnoarmsorlegs,justahead,aneckandupper

body,⑶(dress)inalittlewhiteskirt.Asthecouplewheeledheruptome,Iturned

myheadtowardthegirl.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback(4)

thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.Allofa

sudden,herhandicap(障礙)wasgoneandallIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,(5)smile

justmeltedme(6)almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseof(7)lifeisall

about.Shetookmefromapoor,unhappycollegestudentand⑻(.bring)meintoher

world；aworldofsmiles,loveand⑼(warm).I'masuccessfulbusinessmannow

andwheneverIthinkaboutthetroublesoftheworld,Ithinkaboutthatlittlegirlandthe

remarkable(非凡的)lessonaboutlifethatshetaught(10).

五、書(shū)面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.假定你是李華，你的城市為迎接2022冬奧會(huì)開(kāi)展了“冰雪運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)校園”的活動(dòng)，清

你以電子郵件的形式向你的網(wǎng)友Jack介紹活動(dòng)的情況，并邀請(qǐng)他一起參加。內(nèi)容

包括：

第8頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

1.活動(dòng)的目的；

2.活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容；

3.活動(dòng)的意義。

注意:

1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

AyoungandsuccessfulmanagerhadanewJaguar（捷豹汽車(chē)），whosesidedoorwas

dented（凹陷的）.Thedamagewasverynoticeable,butthemanagerneverbotheredto

repairit.Hekeptthedenttheretoremindhimofoneafternoonaswellasthismessage：

Don'tgothroughlifesofastthatsomeonehastothrowabrickatyoutogetyourattention!

Themanagerwastravelingdownaneighborhoodstrcct,goingabittoofastinhis

new.Jaguar.Hcwaswatchingforkidsrushingoutfrombetweenparkedcarsandslowed

downwhenhethoughthesawsomething.Ashiscarpassed,nochildrenappeared.Instead,a

brickcrashedinto（heJag'ssidedoor!Hebrakedsharplyanddrove（heJagbackwardtothe

spotwherethebrickhadbeenthrown.Theangrydriverthenjumpedoutofthecangrabbed

thenearestkidandpushedhimupagainstaparkedcar,shouting,"Whatwasthatallabout

andwhoareyou?"

Theyoungboyapologized."Pleasemister-??pleaseJ'msorry-1didn'tknowwhatelseto

do,"hebegged.

"Ithrewthebrickbecausenooneelsewouldstop-*-"Withtearscoiningdownhisfaccjhe

littleboypointedtoaspotjustaroundaparkedcar.

"MyelderbrotherfelloutofhiswheelchairandIcan'tlifthimup."hesaid.

Stillcrying,theboyaskedtheastonishedmanager,"Wouldyoupleasehelpmegethim

backintohiswheelchair?He'shurtandhe'stooheavyforme.”

Movedbeyondworcs,hehurriedtothespotwiththeboy.Anothcrboywaslyingon

the,groundbleeding.Hetookouthiscleanhandkerchiefand（ouchedlightlyatthefresh

scrapes（擦傷）andcuts.Aquicklooktoldhimthatthewoundwasserious,thedisabled

mustbetakentothehospitalalonce.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Luckily,hehadafirst-aidkit（急救箱）inthecar.—

Infifteenminutes,（heyarrivedatthenearesthospital.

笫10頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】A【小題2】C【小題3】D

【解析】(1)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中"EnjoytheFridayFishFry,EarlyBirdSpecials,and

SundayBiunch,availablefiom10：00a.m.to2：00p.m.allyeailong.(全年從上午10：00

到下午2：00,享受周五魚(yú)苗、早起的鳥(niǎo)兒特價(jià)和周日早午餐。)”的“EarlyBirdSpecials”

可知，該餐館為早起的旅客提供特別的早餐。故選A。

(2)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的最后一句"Theirmenufeaturesthefinestlocalseafood.

(他們的菜單上有當(dāng)?shù)刈詈玫暮ｕr。)”可知TheRedInn的特別之處在于它提供當(dāng)?shù)刈?/p>

好的海鮮，故選C。

(3)D.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Afteradayonihesandsorexploringourcharming

town,enjoylocaleats,fromfreshseafoodandlobstertoauthenticItalian.You'llfindmany

wonderfulProvincetown.CapeCodrestaurantsandcafesjuststepsaway.(在沙灘上度過(guò)一

天，或者探索我們迷人的小鎮(zhèn)，享受當(dāng)?shù)氐拿朗?，從新鮮的海鮮和龍蝦到正宗的意大利

菜。你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)許多美妙的普羅溫斯敦，科德角餐廳和咖啡館就在幾步之遙。)”可知，

本文主要介紹的是就餐。A.Accommodation.住宿；B.Lifestyles.生活方式；C.Sightseeing.

觀光；D.Dining.就餐。故選D。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了美國(guó)Provincetown四個(gè)就餐的地方。

1.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原

文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言

表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題

是指這類(lèi)題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合運(yùn)來(lái)分析?，而不能斷章取義。

4.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】D【小題3】C【小題4】A

【解析】（1）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容和關(guān)鍵句"Shetoldherclassthathewaslike

RobinsonCrusoe,afictional（虛構(gòu)的）castawaywholivedonadesenisland.Vcrncwould

laterwritestoriesaboutsimilarcharacters."（她告訴全班司學(xué)，他就像魯濱遜?克魯索，?

個(gè)生活在荒島上的虛構(gòu)的流浪漢。后來(lái)凡爾納也會(huì)寫(xiě)類(lèi)似人物的故事。）可知，老師給

全班同學(xué)講述了自己丈夫失蹤的事情，形容丈夫就像魯濱遜?克魯索一樣，這件事對(duì)凡

爾納產(chǎn)生了影響，他后來(lái)的作品中也會(huì)寫(xiě)類(lèi)似人物的故事，由此可推斷出，第1段的目

的是提供凡爾納的背景信息。故選B項(xiàng)。

（2）D.代詞指代題o根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前句"Aftergraduating,hsrealizedhewantedtowritescience

adventurestories/,（畢業(yè)后，他意識(shí)到自己想寫(xiě)科學(xué)冒險(xiǎn)故事。）可知，凡爾納想寫(xiě)科

學(xué)冒險(xiǎn)故事，由此可推斷出，This代指的是上文提到的"wrilescienceadventurestories",

也就是說(shuō)，寫(xiě)科學(xué)冒險(xiǎn)故事以前從未做過(guò)，但凡爾納確信這會(huì)成功。所以this指代的是

寫(xiě)科學(xué)冒險(xiǎn)故事。故選D項(xiàng)。

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句"Ashegotolder.Vernebecamelessconfidentinthe

ideathatscienceandtechnologywerealwaysgoodfor（heplanet.Hisbooksstartedtoinclude

morescientistswhoused:echnologyfortheirown-sometimesevil-purposes."（隨著年齡的增

長(zhǎng)，凡爾納越來(lái)越不相信科學(xué)技術(shù)對(duì)地球總是有好處的。他的書(shū)開(kāi)始包括更多的科學(xué)家，

他們將技術(shù)用于自己的目的，有時(shí)甚至是邪惡的目的。）可知，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，凡爾

納對(duì)科學(xué)技術(shù)開(kāi)始持懷疑態(tài)度，作品中也開(kāi)始包括一些有著邪惡目的的科學(xué)家，由此可

知，凡爾納后期的作品顯示出他對(duì)科學(xué)的懷疑。故選C項(xiàng)。

（4）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句"Hiscareerlastedformorethan40years,during

whichtimehewrotemorethan60gripping（扣人心弦的）stories."（他的職業(yè)生涯持續(xù)

了40多年，其間他寫(xiě)了60多篇扣人心弦的故事。）可知，凡爾納的職業(yè)生涯很長(zhǎng)并且

寫(xiě)出了60多篇故事，由此可推斷出，他是一個(gè)有才華的作家，并且是一個(gè)多產(chǎn)的作家，

"Talentedandproductive"意為”有才華的和多產(chǎn)的”，符合對(duì)凡爾納的描述。A.Talentedand

productive才華橫溢，富有成效的：B.Popularandcaring受歡迎和關(guān)心的：

C.Optimisticandgenerous樂(lè)觀大方的；D.Friendlyandhonest友好誠(chéng)實(shí)的。故選

A項(xiàng)。

這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了法國(guó)小說(shuō)家、劇作家及詩(shī)人儒勒?凡爾納，介紹了他的寫(xiě)

作經(jīng)歷以及不同時(shí)期的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格。

I.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目;

2.間接信息題：

笫12頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原

文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換;

3.綜合信息題:

綜合信息題是指這類(lèi)題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析，而不能斷章

取義。

8.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】D【小題3】C【小題4】B

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"About15yearsaftertheygraduated,thehighschool

graduateswhowenttoschoolwhenthesechangestookeffectsawtheiraverageearnings

increaseabout10%foreveryextrayearofmathcoursework."（大約在他們畢業(yè)后15年，

當(dāng)這些改變生效時(shí)去上學(xué)的高中畢業(yè)生他們的工資每多上一年數(shù)學(xué)課，平均增加10%左

右。）可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)學(xué)對(duì)一個(gè)人的收入很重要,與選項(xiàng)可'Mathmattersalotinone's

income."（數(shù)學(xué)對(duì)一個(gè)人的收入很重要。）符合。故選C。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句"Buibecomingfamiliarwithandpracticing

relativelybasicmathskillsallowedhighschoolgraduatestopursueandexcelatjobsthat

requiredsomelevelofcomputationalknowledge.hesaid."（但是通過(guò)熟悉和練習(xí)相對(duì)基本

的數(shù)學(xué)技能，高中生畢業(yè)后可以從事需要一定計(jì)算機(jī)知識(shí)的工作，并取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)C）

可知，增加數(shù)學(xué)必修課程是有用的，因?yàn)榭梢允垢咧猩业礁玫墓ぷ?，與選項(xiàng)D”【t

enableshighschoolgraduaiestogetbetterjobs."（它使高中生找到更好的工作。）符合，

故選D。

（3）C.推理判斷題。文章第?段提出父母?直詢(xún)問(wèn)學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)是否有用的問(wèn)題有了答案；

第二和第三段介紹了一項(xiàng)研究表明數(shù)學(xué)對(duì)一個(gè)人的收入很重要；第四段講了增加數(shù)學(xué)必

修課程對(duì)高中生是有好處的，能幫助他們找到更好的工作；最后一段Goodman發(fā)現(xiàn)參

加數(shù)學(xué)課的人們收入增加很多。所以全文旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)可以提高收入，獲得更好的

工作，這是強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)學(xué)的重要性，與選項(xiàng)C"Toshowthegreatimportanceoflearningmath."

（為了表明學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)的重要性。）符合，故選C。

（4）B.標(biāo)題歸納題。義章第一段提出父母一直詢(xún)問(wèn)學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)是否有用的問(wèn)題有了答案；

第二和第三段介紹了一項(xiàng)研究表明數(shù)學(xué)對(duì)一個(gè)人的收入很重要；第四段講了增加數(shù)學(xué)必

修課程對(duì)高中生是有好處的，能幫助他們找到更好的工作；最后一段Goodman發(fā)現(xiàn)參

加數(shù)學(xué)課的人們收入增加很多。所以文章主要講述了數(shù)學(xué)可以提高收入，與選項(xiàng)B-Math

makesmoney"(數(shù)學(xué)賺錢(qián))符合，故選B。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)研究表明，學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)可■以幫助找到更好工作，可以

提高收入。

1.宜接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目;

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原

文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換；

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類(lèi)題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析，而不能斷章

取義。

12.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】B【小題4】B

［解析］(1)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中"Whenwcsleepourbrainsclearoutthememories

we'vemadewhilewe'reawake,decidingwhattokeepandv/hattogetridof.(當(dāng)我們睡覺(jué)時(shí),

我們的大腦會(huì)清除我們清醒時(shí)留下的記憶，并決定保留什么，擺脫什么)”可知，我們

在睡覺(jué)時(shí)一些記憶會(huì)被移除，故選擇D項(xiàng)。

(2)C.代詞指代題。根據(jù)第二段中t^f'activatingtheMCHneuronsincreasingtimespent

inthisperiod(激活褪黑素聚集激素神經(jīng)元增加這?階表的時(shí)間)”可知，them指代上文

中的MCH,故選擇C項(xiàng)。

(3)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Whenaskedwhatmotivatedthestudy,Kilduffsaid,We

hopetheworkcoulddeepenourunderstandingofAlzheimer'sdisease.(當(dāng)被問(wèn)及是什么推

動(dòng)了這項(xiàng)研究，基爾達(dá)夫說(shuō)：我們希望這項(xiàng)工作能夠加深我們對(duì)老年癡呆疾病的理解)

”可知，做這項(xiàng)研究主要是為了更好的了解老年癡呆癥，故選擇B項(xiàng)。

(4)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句""Thisresultsuggests(hatactivationof(heMCH

neuronsmayaffectmemory-thatis,MCHneuronsmayfacilitateforgetting,"Kilduff

笫14頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

explained.（“這一結(jié)果表明MCH神經(jīng)元的激活可以影響記憶-也就是說(shuō)MCH神經(jīng)元可

能會(huì)促進(jìn)遺忘，”基爾達(dá)夫解釋說(shuō)）”可知，MCH神經(jīng)元可能會(huì)影響記憶的鞏固，故選

擇8項(xiàng)。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了人在睡眠的過(guò)程中受褪黑素聚集激素神經(jīng)元的影響會(huì)遺

忘一些事情，通過(guò)這項(xiàng)研究人們能更好的了解老年癡呆這種疾病。

1.宜接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息、，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目;

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原

文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換：

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類(lèi)題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析，而不能斷章

取義。

16.【答案】

【小題1]E【小題2】F【小題3】B【小題4】G【小題5】D

【解析】（1）E.推理判斷題。前文"theywerecarryingnoweapons"（他們沒(méi)有攜帶武器）

對(duì)應(yīng)E選項(xiàng)中的"thepotentialweapon"o根據(jù)后文"Thosegermscanthenbetransferredinto

（hehandsofthepeoplewegreet.whilewecanpickup（heirgerms.Wethenwillprobablytouch

ourowneyesornosesormouths,potentiallysickeningourselvesandrestartingthecycle."（這

些細(xì)菌隨后會(huì)傳到我們?cè)X候的人的手中，而我們也會(huì)沾染他們的細(xì)菌。然后我們可能會(huì)

摸自己的眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴，有可能讓自己生病，重新開(kāi)始這個(gè)循環(huán)。）可知，此處是

指手就是威脅我們健康的武器，所以選項(xiàng)E”現(xiàn)在看來(lái)，潛在的武器不是刀，而是手本

身。"切合文意。故選E。

（2）F.推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文"Nowthatanovelcoronavirusisspreadingfast,ourhandsarc

beingcastinancw,doubtfullight.**（現(xiàn)在一種新型冠狀病毒正在迅速傳播，我們的雙手正

被投上新的、懷疑的目光。）可知，此處是指人們懷疑新型冠狀病毒會(huì)通過(guò)手傳播，所

以要洗手，根據(jù)后義"Andlaiely.theInternethasbeenfullofsuggestionsforsocially

acceptablewaystogreeteachotherthatdon'tinvolvepassinggermsalongunintentionallyfrom

onepersontothenext."（最近，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上到處都是關(guān)于社會(huì)上可以接受的互相問(wèn)候方式

的建議，這些方式不會(huì)無(wú)意中把病菌從一個(gè)人傳給另一個(gè)人。）可知，此處是講因?yàn)樾?/p>

型冠狀病毒會(huì)通過(guò)手傳播，所以人們提出了一些防護(hù)措施，選項(xiàng)F，我們被訓(xùn)練洗手技