四川省綿陽市鹽亭縣鹽亭中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題

鹽亭中學(xué)2023級2024年秋第二次月考英語試題(考試時間:120分鐘滿分:150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwillthemansendafaxtothewoman?A.Atabout1:30. B.Atabout2:30. C.Atabout3:30.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,thisisUltimateputers.Wewouldliketofaxsomeinformationaboutaftersalesservicetoyou.Couldyougetitnow?W:I’msorry,thefaxwon’tbeworkinguntil2:30.It’s1:30.Couldyoutrysendingitanhourlater?M:Allright.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthemanwanttomove?A.Tobenearhispany. B.Togotoagoodschool. C.Toliveinabighouse.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:We’regoingtomoveoutofourapartment,althoughit’snearmypanyandtheschool.W:Isee,withthreekidsgrowingup,thatapartmentistoosmall.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthemandotomorrowevening?A.Plantheschedule. B.Haveameeting. C.MeetMr.Cooper.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whatistheschedulefortomorrow?W:Letmesee.You’llhaveameetingwithBillSmithatteninthemorning,thenyou’llhaveanappointmentwithMr.Cooperatsevenintheevening.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Christmasgifts. B.Acoincollection. C.Familymembers.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:DoyouhaveyourChristmasshoppingdoneyet?M:Almost.Igotatrainmodelformyson,butIcan’tseemtofindanythingformywife.Shewouldlikeabookoracaseforhercoincollection.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ihavetogotothetoiletquitefrequently.W:Well,itsoundsasifyou’vepickedupastomachinfection.Letmecheckyourtemperatureandbloodpressure.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題15分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whattimewillthespeakersarriveatthehall?A.At10:00. B.At10:30. C.At10:35.7.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Nervous. B.Bored. C.Confident.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Honey,yourdresslooksbeautiful.Whendidyoubuyit?W:Idesigneditmyself.Areyouready?It’steno’clocknow.Weonlyhavehalfanhourtogettothehall.M:Don’tworry.Yourwatchisfiveminutesfast.Helpmewithmytime.I’mscaredtodeath.ThiswillbethefirsttimeI’vemadeaspeechinpublic.W:Don’tworry.I’llcheeryouonbyyourside.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhatseemstobotherPaul?A.Helosthiscarkeys.B.Heforgottopickuphisaunt.C.Hecan’tdrivehiscarnow.9.Wherewillthespeakersgonext?A.Thehospital. B.Theairport. C.Paul’shouse.【答案】8.C9.C【解析】【原文】W:Youlookupset.What’sthematter,Paul?M:Ilockedmykeysinthecar,butIhavetogototheairporttopickupmyaunt.W:Sowhatareyougoingtodo?M:Idon’tknow.CouldIborrowyourcarforafewhours?W:I’msorry,butIneedtodriveittothehospitalthisafternoon.Doyouhavesparekeysathome?Icoulddriveyouhomenow.M:Yes,thatwillbegreat.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatisthewoman?A.Anactress. B.Areporter. C.Ahostess.11.Whatshouldtheinterviewerdofirstinthetelephoneinterview?A.Writedownthequestions.B.Makeaselfintroductiontotheinterviewee.C.Telltheintervieweethepurposeoftheinterview.12.Whatisimportanttotheinterviewerwhilelistening?A.Takingnotescarefully. B.Sharingopinions. C.Stoppingtalking.【答案】10C11.B12.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,everyone.TodaywearegladtoinviteMr.Huntertoourshow.Hehasbeenajournalistsincetwentyyearsold.He’sgoingtosharesomethingaboutthetelephoneinterviewwithus.M:Hi,toconductatelephoneinterview,firstyouneedtogeteverythingreadybeforetheinterview.Writedownthequestionsyouwanttoaskandmakesureyouwon’tmissanythingimportantW:Okay,whatelseshallwedo?M:Well,whenyoudotheinterview,thefirstthingtodoistellthemyournameandworkplace.W:Butwhatiftheyaretoobusywiththeirwork?M:That’saverygoodquestion.Youcantellthemthepurposeoftheinterviewbeforetheyhangup.W:ThenIcanstarttheinterviewiftheyagreetogiveit,right?M:Yes,butbesuretotakenotescarefullyandquicklywhilelistening.W:Okay.Thankyouverymuch,Mr.Hunter.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.HowmanyCanadiancitiesarelargerthanQuebec?A.7. B.8. C.9.14.WhichseasonisthemostbeautifulinQuebecaccordingtoNancy?A.Spring. B.Fall. C.Winter.15.WhatlanguagedomostpeoplespeakinQuebec?A.French. B.English. C.Spanish.16.WhatisNancy’sfavoritecity?A.Paris. B.Quebec. C.NewYork.【答案】13.B14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:MissNancy,I’veheardthatyouworkedinQuebecforaboutfouryearsbeforeyoucametoParis.CanyoutellmesomethingaboutQuebec?W:Well,ofcourse.ThecityofQuebecisthecapitalofQuebecprovince.ItliesinthenorthernandpartofCanada.It’stheninthbiggestcityinthecountry.M:Isee.What’stheclimatelikethere?W:Oh,it’sveryfortable.It’sfairlywarminspringandinsummerit’smostlybrightandsunny.Fallisthemostbeautifulseason.It’sthetimetoseeredmapleleaves.WinterinQuebecisabitlong,usuallylastingaboutsixmonths.Inwinteryoucanseesnoweverywhereandthewholeworldturnswhite.M:Icanimaginethat.Nowpleasetellmesomethingaboutthepeoplethere.W:ThepeopleinthecityaremostlyFrenchCanadiansandaboutninetyfivepercentofthemonlyspeakFrench.Theyenjoyabetterlifeandlivelongerthemostpeopleinotherpartsoftheworld.M:Wow,it’ssuchagoodplace.YoumustMissitverymuch,don’tyou?W:Yes,butnotveryoften.IwasborninNewYorkandwasalsobroughtupthere,soIthinkit’sthebestplacetoliveandwork.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhatisthegreatnewsaboutAliceGreen?A.She’sgotapromotion.B.She’smovedtoabigcity.C.She’sjustfoundawellpaidjob.18.WhatdidAliceGreendoforthepanylastyear?A.Shesetupanewdepartment.B.Shehelpedincreasethesales.C.Shedevelopedanewproduct.19.Whatdopeopleinthespeaker’spanycareaboutmost?A.Hightechnologies. B.Salesfigures. C.Publicpraise.20.WhatwillAliceGreenprobablydonext?A.Giveaspeech. B.Changeheroffice. C.Meetsomecustomers.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,everyone.Ihavegreatnewstoreport.RecentlyAliceGreenwasgivenahigherpositioninourpanywithhigherpay.Congratulationstoher.Asherboss,I’veseenherworkforourpanyforanumberofyearsandthingshavegonequitewell.First,shehelpedoursalesdepartmentincreasesalesbytwohundredpercentlastyear.Beforethatweonlyearnedonemillionfivehundredthousanddollarsayear.WehaveadvertisedandpromotedourproductsattradeshowsonTVandinthenewspaper,andcustomersreallyenjoyedourproductsandtheyweresatisfiedwithourservice,too.Ourpanyhasbeebetterknown,notonlyinourareabutalsoinothercities.Allofusknowthatwhatpeoplesayaboutourbusinesstotheirfamilyandfriendsismostimportanttoourpany.Anyhightechnologiescan’tparewithit.Besidesincreasedsales,Alicehasestablishedagoodworkingrelationshipwithhercolleagues.Sherecognizesothers’abilitiesandrespectsothers’opinions.Ibelieveshehastheabilitiestoleavethesalesdepartmentintherightdirection.Therefore,shedeservesthepromotionandpayraise.Okay,let’sweleAlicegreentospeaktous.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ANotreadyforsummertoend?Wedon’tblameyou.Butyoudon’thavetokissthebackyardbarbecues,longerdays,andboostofVitaminDgoodbyejustyet.WeletoSydney,aheavenfortruesummerenthusiasts,wheretravelerscanextendthewarmweatherforafewmoresunsoakedmonths.Whetheryou’reafterarelaxedbeachgetawayoraculturedcityescape,thereareplentyofplacestogothatwillhelpstaveoffthewinterchilljustabitlonger.WhentogoBookyourtripforAustralia’ssummer,betweenNovemberandFebruary.It’sespeciallyfuntovisitovertheholidayseason,whensweatingSantaswalkthebeachesnearBondiandfireworkscrackleoverSydneyHarbouronNewYear’sEve.Ifyou’relookingtoavoidthecrowdsandskyhighprices,bookatripinNovemberorFebruarywhenlocalkidsarebackinschool.WheretoembracetheheatTheBonditoCoogeeWalkisamustdo3.7milewalkalongthecity’scraggycliffs.BesuretowearaswimsuitsoyoucanstopatcovessuchasClovellyBeachandBronteBeachalongthewayandtakeadip.HopaboardtheferryfromtheharbortoWatsonsBayforincredibleviews.Andifyou’refeelingadventurous,takeinthecityfromaboveasyouclimbtheSydneyHarbourBridge.WheretoeatSydneyhasnoshortageofwatersiderestaurants.Arguablyoneofthemosticonicinthecity,IcebergsDiningRoomhasamenufulloffreshlycaughtfishandviewsofitsfamousrockpool.Forsomethinglesstouristfilled,tryCatalinainRoseBay.Ithasviewsoftheharborandsomeofthecity’sfinestrockoysters,beingthemostlikedleisurelyrestaurantinthecity.WheretostayThenewCapellaSydneyisarguablythecity’smostfabulousstay,thankstoitsstrikingindigenousartanduseofAustralianmadeproducts.Ifyou’replanningtoseeasmanycitysightsaspossible,theAceHotelSydneyisagreatcentrallylocatedspot—anddon’tmissitsrooftopbarwhereyoucanfullybaskinasummerbreeze.21.WhichisthetouristpeakseasonofSydney?A.January. B.February. C.August. D.November.22.Wherecantouristsgetabird’seyeviewofthecity?A.BonditoCoogeeWalk. B.ClovellyBeach.C.WatsonsBay. D.SydneyHarbourBridge.23.WhatisspecialaboutCatalinainRoseBay?A.Thefreshlycookedfish. B.Theviewsofrockpool.C.Thereviewsofthetourists. D.Therelaxingatmosphere.【答案】21.A22.D23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了前往悉尼游玩的相關(guān)信息，包括何時前往、去哪兒玩、去哪里吃飯以及住在哪里等旅游相關(guān)的信息和建議，旨在幫助讀者規(guī)劃一次愉快的悉尼之旅。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Whentogo部分中的“BookyourtripforAustralia’ssummer,betweenNovemberandFebruary.It’sespeciallyfuntovisitovertheholidayseason,whensweatingSantaswalkthebeachesnearBondiandfireworkscrackleoverSydneyHarbouronNewYear’sEve.(請在澳大利亞的夏季，即11月至2月期間規(guī)劃你的行程。在節(jié)假日期間前往尤其有趣，那時你會看到滿身大汗的圣誕老人漫步在邦迪海灘附近，而新年夜時悉尼港上空則會煙花綻放。)”可知，節(jié)假日期間去悉尼會尤為有趣。這里提到的“節(jié)假日”和“新年夜”通常指的是12月底到1月初的時間段，尤其是1月，因為這是澳大利亞的主要假期和新年的時間。雖然2月也是夏季的一部分，但1月通常是更受歡迎的旅游月份，因為新年慶?；顒雍推渌?jié)日活動都集中在這個時間段。故選A。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Wheretoembracetheheat部分中的“Andifyou’refeelingadventurous,takeinthecityfromaboveasyouclimbtheSydneyHarbourBridge.(如果你喜歡冒險，可以在爬上悉尼海港大橋時從上方俯瞰這座城市。)”可知，游客可以在悉尼海港大橋上方俯瞰城市全景。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Wheretoeat部分中的“Forsomethinglesstouristfilled,tryCatalinainRoseBay.Ithasviewsoftheharborandsomeofthecity’sfinestrockoysters,beingthemostlikedleisurelyrestaurantinthecity.(如果你想找個不那么游客眾多的地方，可以去玫瑰灣的Catalina餐廳。這里有海港美景和該市最美味的巖生蠔，是城市里最受喜愛的休閑餐廳。)”可知，Catalina餐廳不那么游客眾多，由此可知，該餐廳具有放松的氛圍，也暗示了這家餐廳有一個相對寧靜和放松的環(huán)境。故選D。BIhelpedafriendmovehouse18monthsago.We’veknowneachotherformorethanadecadeandhelpedeachotheroutonnumerousoccasions.Iwasprobablyhelpingfor10hours.Shehadalotofpicturesandarttomove.SoIloadedalotofthemintomycar.Unfortunately,oneofthepictureswasdamagedintransit.Latershetoldmethatshegotaquotetorepairthecanvas(畫布)andthatwecouldsplitit,paying$1,200each.Iaskedherwhatthecanvaswasworthandshetoldmeitwasbesidethepointthiscanvasbelongstoherson,wholivesinGermany,andit’sveryspecialtohim.Tome,itseemsthatifyougetfreeunprofessionalhelp,thenthere’snoinsurance.Ifeelquiteshocked,andfeelitiscausetoendthefriendship.Similarthingsmayhappentimetotimeinyourlife.Whatshouldyoudotogetoutofthisawkwardsituation?Itisuniversallyconsideredimmoraltotreatfriendslikeacontractor(承包商),byaskingtopensate(彌補)forthelossestheycause.Friendshipisruledbywhatyoucandoforsomeoneelse,whilebusinessrelationshipbywhatyouhavetodo.That’swhybringingfinancialrestorationintofriendshipscanchangeeverything.Thereisanotherway.Youmaypayforit,buttellyourfriend:“I’mhappytohelprepairit,orpayalesseramount.ButIdon’tthinkItookonthatdegreeoffinancialresponsibilitywhenIagreedtohelp.”Howshereactswillbethemeasureofthefriendship.Itmightstarttofeelasthoughyou’reenemies.Inthatcase,thismaybeanaturalendingpoint.Ifyoudowanttosavethefriendship,itmightbeworthaskingyourfriendwhatelsethisisaboutandseehowshewouldreact.Didshefeelyouwerecarelesswithherthings?Didshewishyou’dseemmoreupsetwhenthishappened,nevermindwhosefaultitwas?Wasthisjustoutofangerbecauseshereallymissedherson?Theremightbeallkindsofthingshereyoucouldhelpherfeel“pensatedfor”withouthavingtopaythecash.24.Whatdidtheauthortakeforgrantedbeforeshehelpedherfriendmovehouse?A.Friendsshouldhelpeachothersavemoney.B.Thecostshouldbeontheownerifdamagesoccurred.COnemustgetpaymentiftheworkloadwastooheavy.D.Expensiveobjectsmustbemovedbyprofessionals.25.Accordingtoparagraph3,whichismonsenseaboutfriendship?A.Friendshipandbusinessaresimilarinnature.B.Peoplecanrarelyfindrealfriendship.C.Friendsshouldsignacontractbeforedoingafavor.D.Askingforfinancialpensationmayruinfriendship.26.Whichwaymaysavethefriendshipwithoutpayingmoney?A.Remindingheryourfriendshipmightbreakup.B.Tellingheryoufeelevenmoreupset.C.Denyingthatitwasyourfault.D.Arguingwithherabouttheresponsibility.27.Wherecanweprobablyfindthetext?A.Anacademicjournal. B.Anentertainmentmagazine.C.Alifecolumn. D.Aninterviewrecord.【答案】24.B25.D26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章講述了一個朋友在幫助另一個朋友搬家過程中，不慎損壞了一幅畫，而后者希望兩人平分1200美元的修復(fù)費用。由此提出了兩種處理方法：一是堅持認(rèn)為在提供幫助時并未承擔(dān)如此的經(jīng)濟責(zé)任；二是深入了解朋友的真正想法和感受，尋找不用金錢賠償?shù)钠渌麖浹a方式。作者認(rèn)為，如何處理這一尷尬局面，將是對友誼的考驗?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Tome,itseemsthatifyougetfreeunprofessionalhelp,thenthere’snoinsurance.(在我看來，如果你接受了免費的非專業(yè)幫助，那就沒有保險可言了。)”可知，作者之前認(rèn)為如果是免費幫助，發(fā)生損壞就不需要承擔(dān)責(zé)任，即費用應(yīng)由物主承擔(dān)。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itisuniversallyconsideredimmoraltotreatfriendslikeacontractor(承包商),byaskingtopensate(彌補)forthelossestheycause.Friendshipisruledbywhatyoucandoforsomeoneelse,whilebusinessrelationshipbywhatyouhavetodo.

(普遍認(rèn)為，像對待承包商一樣要求朋友賠償他們造成的損失是不道德的。友誼取決于你能為別人做什么，而商業(yè)關(guān)系取決于你必須做什么。)”可知，就作者看來要求金錢賠償可能會破壞友誼即要求金錢賠償可能會破壞友誼是常識。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifyoudowanttosavethefriendship,itmightbeworthaskingyourfriendwhatelsethisisaboutandseehowshewouldreact.Didshefeelyouwerecarelesswithherthings?Didshewishyou’dseemmoreupsetwhenthishappened,nevermindwhosefaultitwas?Wasthisjustoutofangerbecauseshereallymissedherson?Theremightbeallkindsofthingshereyoucouldhelpherfeel“pensatedfor”withouthavingtopaythecash.(如果你真的想挽救這段友誼，不妨問問你的朋友這件事背后是否還有其他原因，并觀察她的反應(yīng)。她是否覺得你對她的東西不夠小心？她是否希望你當(dāng)時能表現(xiàn)出更難過的樣子，而不管是誰的錯？這只是因為她非常想念兒子而生氣嗎？這里可能有很多種情況，你可以在不支付現(xiàn)金的情況下，幫助她感到“得到了補償”。)”可以推斷，有時候朋友可能更看重你的態(tài)度和反應(yīng)，而不是你是否承認(rèn)錯誤或付錢。因此，告訴她你感到更加難過，可能會在不付錢的情況下挽救友誼。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，章講述了一個朋友在幫助另一個朋友搬家過程中，不慎損壞了一幅畫，而后者希望兩人平分1200美元的修復(fù)費用。由此提出了兩種處理方法：一是堅持認(rèn)為在提供幫助時并未承擔(dān)如此的經(jīng)濟責(zé)任；二是深入了解朋友的真正想法和感受，尋找不用金錢賠償?shù)钠渌麖浹a方式。作者認(rèn)為，如何處理這一尷尬局面，將是對友誼的考驗。文章主要討論了如何處理因幫助朋友而產(chǎn)生的尷尬情況和如何挽回友誼，這些內(nèi)容更貼近日常生活和人際關(guān)系，因此更可能出現(xiàn)在一個生活專欄中。故選C。CIt’sabalmysummerdayatthebeach—you’relyinginthesun,enjoyingthewaterandhangingoutwithfriends.Butsuddenly,youstarttofeelafamiliarpainbehindyourtemples(太陽穴),andyouwonder:whydoyoualwaysgetheadacheswhenit’shotout?Someresearchdoessuggestthatpeople’sratesofheadachesrisewhentemperaturesgoup.However,expertslikeDr.NolanPearson,aneurologyfellowwhospecializesinheadacheatCedarsSinaiMedicalCenterinLosAngeles,saidit’simportanttolookbeyondheattofindthereasonforsummertimeheadaches.“Weatherisverymoninthetopfivetriggers(誘因)thatpeopledoreport.But,Iwouldspeculatethatitmightbeactuallyduetothingsthatgoalongwithhotweatherratherthantheheatitself.”Mostresearchonheatandheadachesonlyshowsaconnectionbetweenthetwo.Forexample,astudymightlookathospitaladmissionratesforheadachesduringdifferentmonthsoftheyearandfindheadachesaremoremoninsummer.Butthatdoesn’tprovethatheatdirectlycausedthoseheadaches.Therecouldbeotherenvironmentalandlifestylechangesthathappenduringthesummer—likeairquality,lightexposureoractivitylevels.Therefore,Pearsonremendsthateachpersonwithheadacheshoneinonthesepossibletriggers,sincethesehavemoreresearchbehindthemandmaybeeasiertohandlethantheheatitself.Poorairqualityisawellknownheadachetrigger,andonemoneffectofheatwavesisthattheytendtomakeairqualityworse.Heatcancausesomechemicalelementsintheairtotransformintoozone(臭氧)andotherharmfulsubstances.Inaddition,windandairpressuresystemsdrivenbyhotweathercanmakepollutantslingerovercities,ratherthanfloataway.WarmermonthsalsoealongwithlongerdaysandgreaterUV(紫外線)exposure.Lightexposureandheadacheshaveaplicatedrelationship,though.Whilesomeresearchsuggeststhatbrightlightisn’taheadachetrigger,peoplewithmigraines(偏頭痛)areoftensensitivetobrightlightsduringanattack.Soitmightbethatablazingsummersuncanmakeexistingheadachesworse.Ontopofallofthat,heatcandestroyaperson’ssleepschedule.“Good,restfulsleephappensmosteffectivelyinacolderenvironment,”Pearsonsaid.Whenanightofsleepisdisturbed—bybeingoverheated,forinstance—peoplearesignificantlymorelikelytoexperiencemigrainesandotherheadaches.28.Whatmaybethecauseofsummertimeheadaches?A.Thedirecteffectofheat. B.Changesoflivinghabits.C.Restfulsleepincooldays. D.Chemicalelementsintheair.29.Whatdoesthephrase“honeinon”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Takeadvantageof. B.Putupwith.C.Headtowards. D.Concentrateon.30.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Hospitaladmissionratesforheadachesarelowerinsummerthaninwinter.B.Poorairqualityistheleadingreasonthattriggerspeople’sheadaches.C.Pollutantsintheaircan’tfloatawayduetothedestructionofthewindsystem.D.Exposuretothesuncausesworseconditionforpeoplewithmigraines.31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?AEffectivemeasuresinsummertime.B.Majorlimitationsinpresentresearch.C.Detailedanalysisofpeople’slifestyles.D.Explanationsofexperimentalmethods.【答案】28.B29.D30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章探討了夏季頭痛的原因，指出高溫并非唯一誘因，還涉及空氣質(zhì)量、紫外線暴露和睡眠干擾等因素?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“However,expertslikeDr.NolanPearson,aneurologyfellowwhospecializesinheadacheatCedarsSinaiMedicalCenterinLosAngeles,saidit’simportanttolookbeyondheattofindthereasonforsummertimeheadaches.(然而，洛杉磯西奈山醫(yī)學(xué)中心專門研究頭痛的神經(jīng)病學(xué)研究員諾蘭·皮爾遜博士等專家表示，要找出夏季頭痛的原因，重要的是要超越熱量本身。)”和第三段“Butthatdoesn’tprovethatheatdirectlycausedthoseheadaches.Therecouldbeotherenvironmentalandlifestylechangesthathappenduringthesummer—likeairquality,lightexposureoractivitylevels.(但這并不能證明熱量直接導(dǎo)致了這些頭痛。夏季可能會有其他環(huán)境和生活方式的變化——比如空氣質(zhì)量、光照或活動水平。)”可知，夏季頭痛的原因可能是生活習(xí)慣的改變，而不是直接由熱引起的。故選B項?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Therecouldbeotherenvironmentalandlifestylechangesthathappenduringthesummer—likeairquality,lightexposureoractivitylevels.(夏季可能會有其他環(huán)境和生活方式的變化——比如空氣質(zhì)量、光照或活動水平。)”和第三段中的“sincethesehavemoreresearchbehindthemandmaybeeasiertohandlethantheheatitself.(因為這些背后有更多的研究，而且可能比熱量本身更容易處理。)”可知，皮爾遜建議每個頭痛的人都要集中精力在這些可能的誘因上，由此可推測“honeinon”意為“集中于”。故選D項。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“WarmermonthsalsoealongwithlongerdaysandgreaterUV(紫外線)exposure.Lightexposureandheadacheshaveaplicatedrelationship,though.Whilesomeresearchsuggeststhatbrightlightisn’taheadachetrigger,peoplewithmigraines(偏頭痛)areoftensensitivetobrightlightsduringanattack.Soitmightbethatablazingsummersuncanmakeexistingheadachesworse.(溫暖的月份也伴隨著更長的白天和更大的紫外線暴露。然而，光照和頭痛有著復(fù)雜的關(guān)系。雖然一些研究表明強光不是頭痛的誘因，但偏頭痛患者在發(fā)作期間通常對強光敏感。因此，炎熱的夏日陽光可能會使現(xiàn)有的頭痛更加嚴(yán)重。)”可知，陽光照射會使偏頭痛患者的情況惡化。故選D項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Someresearchdoessuggestthatpeople’sratesofheadachesrisewhentemperaturesgoup.(一些研究確實表明，當(dāng)氣溫升高時，人們的頭痛率會上升。)”和第三段“Therecouldbeotherenvironmentalandlifestylechangesthathappenduringthesummer—likeairquality,lightexposureoractivitylevels.(夏季可能會發(fā)生其他環(huán)境和生活方式的變化，如空氣質(zhì)量、光照或活動水平。)”和第五段“Soitmightbethatablazingsummersuncanmakeexistingheadachesworse.(因此，炎熱的夏日陽光可能會使現(xiàn)有的頭痛更加嚴(yán)重。)”可知，文章主要討論了夏季頭痛的可能原因，包括高溫、空氣質(zhì)量、紫外線暴露等。再結(jié)合文章最后一段“Ontopofallofthat,heatcandestroyaperson’ssleepschedule. “Good,restfulsleephappensmosteffectivelyinacolderenvironment,”Pearsonsaid.(最重要的是，高溫會破壞一個人的睡眠時間表。皮爾遜說：“良好、寧靜的睡眠在較冷的環(huán)境中最有效?！?。)”，文章指出了良好睡眠的條件。因此，作者接下來可能會討論如何在夏季采取有效的措施來改善睡眠，從而減輕或避免夏季頭痛。故選A項。DTurnonalightoutsideatnightanditwon’tbelongbeforelotsofinsectsstartgatheringaroundit.Thisbehaviorhasledtoapopularparisonforattraction,“l(fā)ikeamothtoaflame.”However,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalNaturemunications,itturnsoutthatinsectsaren’t“attracted”toartificiallights,butratherconfusedbyit.Thenewfindingisbasedonatheoryaboutinsectorientation(定位).Duetotheirsmallandlightweightbodies,insectsexperiencelessairresistance,allowingthemtoachievehigheraccelerations(加速度),whichinturnmakesitchallengingforthemtosenseupanddownduringflight.So,theytypicallyrelyonstablelightsourceslikethemoonandstarstoorientthemselvesatnight,keepingtheskyattheirbackstostayupright.However,theintroductionofartificiallightsconfusestheirnaturalsenseofdirection.Theinsectsyouseecirclingstreetlights,inotherwords,areprobablylost.Toreachtheseconclusions,scientistsusedhighresolutioncamerastofilminsectsflyingaroundartificiallightsinCostaRica.Theyalsoattachedtinysensorstoinsectsandfilmedmotioncapturevideosoftheminflight.Inthisway,researcherscanslowdowntheinsectspaceandstudytheirmovementsingreaterdetail.Thevideosshowedinsectsturningtheirbackstowardsourcesofartificiallight—evenatthepriceofflippingoverorcrashing.Thiscanbedangerousforinsects,ascirclingaroundartificiallightscanputthematriskfromenemies,exhaustion,andstarvation,causingmanytodiebeforemorning.Nightartificiallightisamajorcauseofinsectpopulationloss,whichcouldseverelyimpactcroppollinationandfoodsuppliesforlargeranimals,includinghumans.“Insectshavebeenflyingaroundfor370millionyears,andit’sjustinthelast150yearsthatit’sreallygonewrongforthem,”saysentomologistSamuelFabianofImperialCollegeLondon.“Ifwedon’twanttoinfluencelargeamountsofinsectpopulations,weshouldnothavelightsshiningupintothesky.”32.Whathavescientistsfoundoutaboutinsects?A.Artificiallightscandisturbtheirsenseofdirection.B.Theirpopulationsareindecline.C.Theyoftenflyquicklyduringthenight.D.Theireyesightiswelladaptedtolightchanges.33.Howdidthescientistsconducttheexperiment?A.Bydetectingthelivingenvironmentofinsects.B.Bymonitoringtheinsects’brainactivityduringflight.C.Bymakingvideostostudyinsects’movements.D.Bybuildingmodelstoanalyzeinsects’motionpatterns.34.WhydoestheauthormentionFabian’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Tostresstheimportanceofinsectstofoodsupplies.B.Toappealtopeopletoreducelightpollution.C.Toshowthereasonsforinsectsflyingaroundlights.D.Toexplaintheeffectsofinsects’deathonhumanlife.35.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowArtificialLightsImpacttheEcosystemB.WhatLeadstotheLossofInsectPopulationsC.HowInsectsOrientThemselvesintheFlightD.WhyInsectsareAttractedtoLightsatNight【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。詳細(xì)解釋了昆蟲為何會被夜間的燈光所吸引，揭示了背后的科學(xué)原因，并指出了這種現(xiàn)象對昆蟲以及生態(tài)環(huán)境可能產(chǎn)生的影響。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thenewfindingisbasedonatheoryaboutinsectorientation(定位).Duetotheirsmallandlightweightbodies,insectsexperiencelessairresistance,allowingthemtoachievehigheraccelerations(加速度),whichinturnmakesitchallengingforthemtosenseupanddownduringflight.So,theytypicallyrelyonstablelightsourceslikethemoonandstarstoorientthemselvesatnight,keepingtheskyattheirbackstostayupright.However,theintroductionofartificiallightsconfusestheirnaturalsenseofdirection.Theinsectsyouseecirclingstreetlights,inotherwords,areprobablylost.(這一新發(fā)現(xiàn)是基于昆蟲定位的理論。由于昆蟲體積小、重量輕，所受到的空氣阻力較小，使它們能夠獲得更高的加速度，而這反過來又使它們在飛行中很難感知上下方向。因此，它們通常依靠穩(wěn)定的光源，如月亮和星星，在夜間進行定位，保持天空在它們的背后，以保持身體直立。然而，人造光的引入擾亂了它們的自然方向感。換句話說，你看到在路燈周圍盤旋的昆蟲，可能迷失了方向。)”可知，關(guān)于昆蟲，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)人造光會干擾它們的方向感。故選A項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Toreachtheseconclusions,scientistsusedhighresolutioncamerastofilminsectsflyingaroundartificiallightsinCostaRica.Theyalsoattachedtinysensorstoinsectsandfilmedmotioncapturevideosoftheminflight.Inthisway,researcherscanslowdowntheinsectspaceandstudytheirmovementsingreaterdetail.Thevideosshowedinsectsturningtheirbackstowardsourcesofartificiallight—evenatthepriceofflippingoverorcrashing.(為了得出這些結(jié)論，科學(xué)家們使用高分辨率攝像機拍攝了哥斯達黎加昆蟲在人造光周圍飛行的視頻。他們還在昆蟲身上附著了微型傳感器，并拍攝了它們在飛行中的動作捕捉視頻。通過這種方式，研究人員可以放慢昆蟲的速度，更詳細(xì)地研究它們的運動。視頻顯示，昆蟲會背對人造光源，甚至不惜以翻身或墜落的代價。)”可知，科學(xué)家們通過制作視頻來研究昆蟲的運動進行實驗的。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Insectshavebeenflyingaroundfor370millionyears,andit’sjustinthelast150yearsthatit’sreallygonewrongforthem,”saysentomologistSamuelFabianofImperialCollegeLondon.“Ifwedon’twanttoinfluencelargeamountsofinsectpopulations,weshouldnothavelightsshiningupintothesky.”(倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院的昆蟲學(xué)家塞繆爾·法比安說：“昆蟲已經(jīng)飛行了3.7億年，只是在過去的150年里，它們才真正出現(xiàn)了問題?！薄叭绻覀儾幌胗绊懘罅康睦ハx種群，我們就不應(yīng)該讓燈光照亮天空。”)”可知，此處法比安說如果我們不想影響大量的昆蟲種群，我們就不應(yīng)該讓燈光照亮天空，所以是在呼吁人們減少光污染。故選B項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Tunonalightoutsideatnight,anditwon’tbelongbeforelotsofinsectsstartgatheringaroundit.Thisbehaviorhasledtoapopularparisonforattraction,“l(fā)ikeamothtoaflame.”However,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalNaturemunications,itturnsoutthatinsec