浙江省杭州市學(xué)軍中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題

杭州學(xué)軍中學(xué)2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考試高二英語試卷考生須知：1.本卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘；2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)；3.所有答案必須寫在答題卷上，寫在試卷上無效；4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題卷。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題部分）第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodoforhim?A.Askforsickleave.B.Takehimtothehospital.C.Staywithhimathome.2.WhyhasthemanetoSeville?A.Toattendameeting.B.Tovisitsomeexhibitions.C.Tofindaplaceforaconference.3.Whatisthemandoing?A.Writinganemail.B.Makinganappointment.C.Invitingthewomanforcoffee.4.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.OnJanuary30th.B.OnJanuary31st.C.OnFebruary1st.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inapostoffice.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthewomansaysorrytotheman?A.Shedeletedoneoftheman’sfiles.B.Shemadetheman’sputerbroken.C.Shereadtheman’semailwithoutpermission.7.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsthewoman?A.Impatient.B.Friendly.C.Critical.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Learningmethods.B.LanguageCDs.C.Newvocabulary.9.Whatdoesthewomandoeverynight?A.Shewatchesfilms.B.Shelistenstomusic.C.Shereviewsnewwords.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題10.WhydoesLindawanttomoveoutofherpresentapartment?A.Shethinksittooexpensive.B.Herofficeisfarfromtheapartment.C.Shewasaskedtolivewithherparents.11.Howdoesthewomangotoworknow?A.Onfoot.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.12.Whatwillthewomendonext?A.Workonareport.B.Meetthemanager.C.Makeaphonecall.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdothecustomersthinkofthegymequipmentinthehotels?A.Satisfying.B.Disappointing.C.Uptodate.14.Howmanyhotelsdoesthewomanmention?A.Three.B.Eight.C.Eleven.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.SheisinSwitzerland.B.She’llgotoFlorencenextmonth.C.Shehasaclearbudget.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?ABudgetthecost.B.Fixatimeforameeting.C.Lookaroundthehotel’sgym.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whereistheparents’sitandwatchstandinRideZone?A.BehindthePayStation.B.Ontherighthandsideofthezoo.C.Attheentrancetotheinnercircle.18.WhatanimalcanpeopleseethisweekonlyinRideZone?A.Acow.B.Ahorse.C.Agoat.19.Howlongisatourofthefarm?AHalfanhour.B.Onehour.C.Threehours.20.WhatcanpeopledoinZoneThree?A.Seefarmanimals.B.Playtheroleofaclown.C.Enjoyperformances.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共11個(gè)小題；每小題2.5分，滿分27.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWhenthephonefinallystoppedringingandthehouselaystillwithgrief,Ifilledmyhomewiththesweetsmellofpeachpietomaskthescentofworrythatstilllingered.TheweekendafterDad’sdiagnosis(診斷),Momhadsentthesametexttoeachconcernedrelativeandfriend:JaywasdiagnosedwithPick’sdisease.Wearegoingbacktothedoctorformoreinformation.ThenMomputdownthephone,rubbedherforehead,andsuggestedthatwegoforadrive.Ontheinterstate,wepassedaboardwithclearredletters:“Fredericksburgpeaches,thebestfruityoucanfindinCentralTexas.”Momwenttonegotiatewiththestandowner.Nowinourkitchen,thesweetsmellofpeachjuicedriftedintothelivingroomandpulledDadawayfromthefootballgameonTV.“Oh!Yougotpeaches?”Heeyedthefruitwithchildishglee(歡快).“Here,”Ihandedhimaknife.“We’remakingpeachpie.”Ishowedhimhowtopeeltheskinoff.AsImadepiedough,heaskedquestions:Howlongdoesittaketobake?Areyouaddingsugar?Howmanypeaches?WhatshouldIdowiththeseeds?Showinghimhowtosliceandmeasureandmixinacalm,firmvoice,Isuddenlyfeltgrownup.Thesummerhadreversedourroles;now,Iwastheadult.Istayedhomeallsummerandcookedhisdinner,washedhisTshirtsandhelpedhimmakephonecalls.Istayeduplatethinkingabouthimandmonitoredhimlikeananxiouscaretaker.Thesameday,beforetheafternoondriveandpeachpie,IhadheldmytearsasIreadthediagnosisforPick’sdisease:fourtotenyears,dependingonhowfastthedamagedproteinsoverpowerDad’sbrain.IdecidedthenthatIwouldbegratefulforjustfourmoreyearswithDad,enoughforhimtoseemebeeanadultforreal.1.WhydidMomproposearide?A.Topurchasefruits. B.Toenjoyatrip.C.Toreleasesorrow. D.Toconsultthedoctor.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefamilyfromthepassage?A.IttakesyearsforDadtorecover.B.TheauthorenjoysthetimewithDad.C.Dadshowslittleinterestinfootballgames.D.TheauthorgetsannoyedbyDad’squestions.3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthissummerfortheauthor?A.Toughandconfusing. B.Boringbutrewarding.C.Annoyingandstruggling. D.Painstakingbutmeaningful.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.PeachPie B.DiagnosisforDadC.FatherAndDaughter D.APlainSummerDay【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的父親被診斷出患有匹克氏病，家人都沉浸在悲傷之中時(shí)，作者用桃子餡餅的甜味填滿了她的家，以掩蓋仍然揮之不去的憂慮的味道。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二自然段“TheweekendafterDad’sdiagnosis(診斷),Momhadsentthesametexttoeachconcernedrelativeandfriend:JaywasdiagnosedwithPick’sdisease.Wearegoingbacktothedoctorformoreinformation.ThenMomputdownthephone,rubbedherforehead,andsuggestedthatwegoforadrive.(爸爸確診后的那個(gè)周末，媽媽給每個(gè)關(guān)心的親戚朋友發(fā)了同樣的短信：周被診斷出患有匹克氏病。我們將回到醫(yī)生那里了解更多信息。然后媽媽放下，揉了揉前額，建議我們開車去兜風(fēng))”可知，在得知作者的父親被診斷出患病后，家人都很悲傷，媽媽提議開車是為了釋放悲傷情緒。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段中“Showinghimhowtosliceandmeasureandmixinacalm,firmvoice,Isuddenlyfeltgrownup.(我向他展示了如何用平靜、堅(jiān)定的聲音切分、測(cè)量和混合，我突然覺得自己長(zhǎng)大了)”和最后一段中“IdecidedthenthatIwouldbegratefulforjustfourmoreyearswithDad,enoughforhimtoseemebeeanadultforreal.(我當(dāng)時(shí)決定，我將感謝與父親再相處四年，足夠他看到我真正成為一個(gè)成年人)”可知，作者很享受和父親在一起的時(shí)光。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whenthephonefinallystoppedringingandthehouselaystillwithgrief,Ifilledmyhomewiththesweetsmellofpeachpietomaskthescentofworrythatstilllingered.(當(dāng)鈴終于停了，整個(gè)房子都沉浸在悲傷之中時(shí)，我用桃子餡餅的甜味填滿了我的家，以掩蓋仍然揮之不去的憂慮的味道)”可知，作者這個(gè)夏天因父親的患病心情沉重，感到痛苦。但是通過向父親展示了如何制作桃子餡餅，我突然覺得自己長(zhǎng)大了，這又是很有意義的。D項(xiàng)“Painstakingbutmeaningful(痛苦但有意義的)”符合題意。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要講述了作者的父親被診斷出患有匹克氏病，家人都沉浸在悲傷之中時(shí)，作者用桃子餡餅的甜味填滿了她的家，以掩蓋仍然揮之不去的憂慮的味道。A項(xiàng)“PeachPie(桃子餡餅)”最能概括文章主旨。故選A。BTheMoonisattractingmuchattentionthesedaysasNASAisreadyforitsArtemisIlaunchandpreparingformoretofollow.Themissionobjectivesareclear:developasustainablepresenceonitssurfaceandpavethewaytogotoMars.Andthenwhat?What’sthenextgreatleapinhumans’questforthesecretsoftheuniverse?Whenitestothenearfuturescientificexploration,thereareafewareasofthesolarsystemthatwillbereceivingsomespecialattention.Firstoffthere’sVenus,aplanetwhichwasarelativeparadise(天堂),withoceansandapleasantatmosphere.Somethingwentterriblywrongthereafewbillionyearsago,andNASAhasscheduledaseriesofmissionstoexplorewhatexactlyisgoingonthere.Attheotherendarethegasgiants.SeveralofthesatellitesofJupiterandSaturnarecoveredinthicksheetsoficeandunderneaththaticesitoceansofliquidwater.NASAhasmissionsplannedtoinvestigatethosemysteriousworlds,huntingforanysignsofpossiblelifehiddendeepwithin.Asforushumans,Marsiscertainlythegrandprizeintheingdecades.Ifwehavetheadequatedriveandfunds,wecanestablishasemipermanentpresenceontheredplanet,keepingcrewsworkingandstudyinginpersonontheMartiansurface.Theotherplanetsofoursolarsystemarenotsosuitableforpeopletosettleon.MercuryistooclosetotheSunforfortandtoofarawayfromtheEarth.Overtheingdecadeshumansexpecttoseeariseof“spacehotels”,setupforvisitingtouristsandscientificexplorations.Naturally,turningthespacerockintoahabitatforhumansisnotverypracticalconsideringourcurrentleveloftechnologicalmaturity,butinmybestestimation,it’sthenexteasiestthingtoacplish...aftertheMoonandMars,ofcourse.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quest”probablymeaninthesecondparagraph?A.Question. B.Explanation. C.Request. D.Search.6.Whichistheleastlikelytobeexploredinthenextdecadesaccordingtothepassage?A.Mars. B.Mercury. C.Venus. D.Gasgiants.7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthe“spacehotels”?A.Ambiguous. B.Critical. C.Hopeful. D.Indifferent.8.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThelaunchofArtemisI. B.Thesecretsofthesolarsystem.C.ThemissionsofNASA. D.Theareasofthefutureuniverseexploration.【答案】5.D6.B7.C8.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。隨著美國(guó)宇航局準(zhǔn)備發(fā)射阿爾忒彌斯一號(hào)，并為接下來的發(fā)射做準(zhǔn)備，月球備受關(guān)注，任務(wù)目標(biāo)是在月球表面建立可持續(xù)的存在，并為前往火星鋪平道路。對(duì)于不久的將來的科學(xué)探索領(lǐng)域時(shí)，文章進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。【5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Whenitestothenearfuturescientificexploration,thereareafewareasofthesolarsystemthatwillbereceivingsomespecialattention.(說到不久的將來的科學(xué)探索，太陽系有幾個(gè)領(lǐng)域受到特別關(guān)注。)”可知，此處是指對(duì)宇宙奧秘的探索，所以quest意為“尋求，探求”的意思。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒第二段最后一句“MercuryistooclosetotheSunforfortandtoofarawayfromtheEarth.(水星離太陽太近，不會(huì)舒適，離地球太遠(yuǎn)。)”可知，水星是未來幾十年最不可能被探測(cè)的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Naturally,turningthespacerockintoahabitatforhumansisnotverypracticalconsideringourcurrentleveloftechnologicalmaturity,butinmybestestimation,it’sthenexteasiestthingtoacplish...aftertheMoonandMars,ofcourse.(當(dāng)然，考慮到我們目前的技術(shù)成熟度，將太空巖石變成人類的棲息地并不十分實(shí)際，但據(jù)我估計(jì)，這是下一個(gè)最容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情...當(dāng)然，在月球和火星之后。)”可知，作者對(duì)“太空旅館”的態(tài)度是充滿希望的。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Andthenwhat?What’sthenextgreatleapinhumans’questforthesecretsoftheuniverse?Whenitestothenearfuturescientificexploration,thereareafewareasofthesolarsystemthatwillbereceivingsomespecialattention.(然后呢？人類探索宇宙秘密的下一個(gè)重大飛躍是什么？當(dāng)談到不久的將來的科學(xué)探索時(shí)，太陽系的一些區(qū)域?qū)⑹艿揭恍┨貏e的關(guān)注。)”以及下文的對(duì)未來要探索的星球的描述可知，文章主要講未來宇宙探索的領(lǐng)域。故選D項(xiàng)。CAnunlikelyscandal(丑聞)affectedtheBritishgovernmentgreatly.AfterCovid19forcedthegovernmenttocancelthe“Alevel”examsthathelpdetermineuniversityadmission,theBritisheducationregulatorusedanalgorithm(算法)topredictwhatscoreeachstudentwouldhavereceivedontheirexam.Thealgorithmreliedinpartonhowtheschool’sstudentshadhistoricallybeenmoresuccessfulontheexam.Schoolswithricherchildrentendedtohavebettertrackrecords,sothealgorithmgavewealthystudentseventhoseontrackforthesamegradesaspoorstudentsmuchhigherpredictedscores.Highachieving,lowinepupilswhoseschoolshadnotpreviouslyperformedwellwerehitparticularlyhard.Afterthreatsoflegalactionandwidespreaddemonstrations,thegovernmentbackeddownandcanceledthealgorithmicgradingprocessentirely.Thiswasn’tanisolatedincident:IntheUnitedStatessimilarissuestroubledtheInternationalBaccalaureateexam,whichusedanopaque(不透明)artificialintelligencesystemtosetstudents’scores,promptingprotestsfromthousandsofstudentsandparents.Theseepisodeshighlightsomeofthetrapsofalgorithmicdecisionmaking.Astechnologyadvances,panies,governments,andotherorganizationsareincreasinglyrelyingonalgorithmstopredictimportantsocialoutes,usingthemtodistributejobs,forecastcrime,andeventrytopreventchildabuse.Thesetechnologiespromisetoincreaseefficiency,enablemoretargetedpolicyinterventions,andremovehumanimperfectionsfromdecisionmakingprocesses.Butcriticsworrythatopaquemachinelearningsystemswillinfactreflectandfurtherkeepshortingsinhoworganizationstypicallyfunctionincludingbyestablishingtheracial,class,andgenderprejudicesofthesocietiesthatdevelopthesesystems.Butthereisanevenmorebasicconcernaboutalgorithmicdecisionmaking.Evenintheabsenceofsystematicclassorracialprejudice,whatifalgorithmsstruggletomakeevenremotelyaccuratepredictionsaboutthetrackofindividuals’lives?9.WhydidtheauthormentionAlevelexamsinthefirstparagraph?A.Toshareascandal.B.Topresentanexample.C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Toarousepublicconcern.10.Whoareprobablyinfavorofthealgorithmicgradingsystem?A.Averagestudentsfromtopschools.B.StraightAstudentsfromtopschools.C.Averagestudentsfromaveragefamilies.D.StraightAstudentswithdisadvantagedbackground.11.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Thealgorithmicgradingsystemresultedinlegalaction.B.Algorithmicdecisionmakingisnotnecessarilyreliable.C.AlgorithmicdecisionmakingdevelopssystematicprejudicesD.TheBritishgovernmentapprovesofthealgorithmicgradingsystem.【答案】9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一種算法被用來預(yù)測(cè)學(xué)生在考試中可能獲得的分?jǐn)?shù)。盡管該算法在社會(huì)很多方面中正運(yùn)用著，但是該算法對(duì)學(xué)生并不公平，所以人們反對(duì)它在教育上的應(yīng)用?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AfterCovid19forcedthegovernmenttocancelthe‘Alevel’examsthathelpdetermineuniversityadmission,theBritisheducationregulatorusedanalgorithm(算法)topredictwhatscoreeachstudentwouldhavereceivedontheirexam.(在新冠肺炎迫使政府取消幫助決定大學(xué)錄取的‘Alevel’考試后，英國(guó)教育監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)使用一種算法來預(yù)測(cè)每個(gè)學(xué)生在考試中會(huì)獲得的分?jǐn)?shù)。)”可推知，作者在第一段中提到Alevel考試是為了引出話題。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thealgorithmreliedinpartonhowtheschool’sstudentshadhistoricallybeenmoresuccessfulontheexam.Schoolswithricherchildrentendedtohavebettertrackrecords,sothealgorithmgavewealthystudentseventhoseontrackforthesamegradesaspoorstudentsmuchhigherpredictedscores.Highachieving,lowinepupilswhoseschoolshadnotpreviouslyperformedwellwerehitparticularlyhard.(該算法在一定程度上取決于該校學(xué)生以往的考試成績(jī)。有富裕孩子的學(xué)校往往有更好的成績(jī)記錄，所以算法給富裕學(xué)生——即使是那些與貧困學(xué)生成績(jī)相同的學(xué)生——更高的預(yù)測(cè)分?jǐn)?shù)。成績(jī)優(yōu)異、低收入、在學(xué)校之前表現(xiàn)不佳的學(xué)生受到的打擊尤其嚴(yán)重。)”可推知，頂尖學(xué)校的普通學(xué)生可能會(huì)支持算法評(píng)分系統(tǒng)。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Butcriticsworrythatopaquemachinelearningsystemswillinfactreflectandfurtherkeepshortingsinhoworganizationstypicallyfunctionincludingbyestablishingtheracial,class,andgenderprejudicesofthesocietiesthatdevelopthesesystems.(但批評(píng)人士擔(dān)心，不透明的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)實(shí)際上會(huì)反映并進(jìn)一步保留組織正常運(yùn)作方式的缺陷——包括建立開發(fā)這些系統(tǒng)的社會(huì)的種族、階級(jí)和性別偏見。)”可推知，算法決策不一定是可靠的。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5個(gè)小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Havingagoodsenseofhumormakesyoumoreenjoyabletobearound.____12____.Here’showyoucandevelopyoursenseofhumor.●SurroundYourselfwithHumorYoulearnmoreeffectivelywhenyoufullyexposeyourselftoasubject.Similarly,youcanimproveyoursenseofhumorbysurroundingyourselfwithhumor.Watchstandupedians.Listentoprogramsthatamuseyou.Readhumorousbooks.____13____.●LearnWhatAmusesYou____14____.Weamuseourfriendsbypraisingachangetheymade.However,whenitestobeingfunny,don’tchangeyoursenseofhumortoamuseotherpeople.Instead,startwithwhatamusesyou.Then,ifyouthinktheotherpersonwillalsobeamusedwithit,shareitwiththem.●ThinkAboutTimingandAudienceYoudon’thavetobefunnyallthetime,sodon’texpectthatofyourself.Whenyoucatchyourselftryingtobefunny,slowdown.Simplyspeakslowersoyou’renotaslikelytostopandrepeatyourself.Tryspeakingat6070%ofyourusualrate.____15____.●____16____Youdon’tneedtoseizeeverysingleopportunitytobefunny.Ifyou’reinthemiddleofabadjoke,justendit.“Youknowwhat,nowthatI’mtellingit,it’snotasfunnyasitsoundedinmyhead,”canbeabitofanawkwardendandhurtyourpridealittlebit,butitsaveseveryonetimeandpatience.Inthelongrun,they’llrespectyourtaste.A.BeCreative,NotSillyB.PauseinbetweensentencesC.There’salotoffunoutthereD.YoumightalsodobetteratworkE.KnowWhentoPullthePlugonYourselfF.YoucanalsotryyourhandintherealworldG.Alotoftimes,wesaythingspurelytopleaseothers【答案】12.D13.C14.G15.B16.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何培養(yǎng)幽默感?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Havingagoodsenseofhumormakesyoumoreenjoyabletobearound.(擁有良好的幽默感會(huì)讓你在身邊更愉快)”可知，上文介紹有幽默感的好處。根據(jù)下文“Here’showyoucandevelopyoursenseofhumor.(以下是如何培養(yǎng)你的幽默感)”可知，下文引出如何培養(yǎng)幽默感。故空格處應(yīng)承接上文，繼續(xù)補(bǔ)充幽默感的好處。D項(xiàng)“Youmightalsodobetteratwork(你也可能在工作中做得更好)”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Watchstandupedians.Listentoprogramsthatamuseyou.Readhumorousbooks.(觀看單口相聲演員。聽有趣的節(jié)目，讀幽默的書)”可知，上文這些做法都可以幫助培養(yǎng)幽默感。C項(xiàng)“There’salotoffunoutthere(那里有很多樂趣)”說明這些做法可以獲得樂趣，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Weamuseourfriendsbypraisingachangetheymade.However,whenitestobeingfunny,don’tchangeyoursenseofhumortoamuseotherpeople.(我們通過贊揚(yáng)朋友所做的改變來取悅他們。然而，當(dāng)談到有趣時(shí)，不要為了取悅他人而改變你的幽默感)”可知，下文講到我們通過贊揚(yáng)朋友所做的改變來取悅他們。但However后又說我們不要為了取悅他人而改變自己幽默感。由此推知，空格處應(yīng)圍繞“取悅他人”。G項(xiàng)“Alotoftimes,wesaythingspurelytopleaseothers(很多時(shí)候，我們說話純粹是為了取悅他人)”符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“ThinkAboutTimingandAudience(思考時(shí)機(jī)和受眾)”可知，本段主要圍繞時(shí)機(jī)和受眾給出建議。B項(xiàng)“Pauseinbetweensentences(在句子之間停頓)”符合本段主旨。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】空格處是本段小標(biāo)題。從前面幾個(gè)小標(biāo)題的句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填入祈使句。根據(jù)下文“Youdon’tneedtoseizeeverysingleopportunitytobefunny.Ifyou’reinthemiddleofabadjoke,justendit.(你不需要抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)來搞笑。如果你正在講一個(gè)糟糕的笑話，就把它結(jié)束吧)”可知，本段主要建議人們要學(xué)會(huì)適可而止。E項(xiàng)“KnowWhentoPullthePlugonYourself(知道什么時(shí)候該拔掉自己的插頭)”最能概括本段主旨。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15個(gè)小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Whenshewas86,Mommovedtoourcity.Myhusband,Kevin,andIfoundalovelyapartmentforher.Iwashappytohelptakecareofher____17____shearrived.Thedayaftershemovedin,shecalledmeto____18____aboutthefoodnearby.“Thepizzawaslikerubber.Icouldn’t____19____it.”“Mom,you’replainingtome.Wouldn’titmakemoresensetotellsomeonewhocan____20____theproblem?”Wehungup.Thiswasonlyherseconddayhere!Andweekafterweek,Momfoundmoretoplainabout.WhenwithmyfriendBeth,Ispent20minutessharinghowMom’sattitude____21____me.“Sheseems____22____.AftereverythingKevinandIdoforher,allweheariswhatshedoesn’tlike.”Asthewordsspilledfrommylips,IrealizedthatI’ddevelopedthesame____23____ofplainingthatannoyedmesomuchinMom.Idecidedtokeepabetterwatchonmy____24____.Thingswentfineforafewweeks.ButsoonIfeltpowerlessto____25____bymyselfandcouldn’thelpplainingtoBethaboutMom’s_____26_____again.Afewdayslater,IreceivedajournalfrommyfriendTorry.Onthefirstpage,hehadwritten,“Jeanette,Iusesuchajournaleverydayto_____27_____thingsI’mthankfulfor.”IwrotethreethingsIwasgratefulfor.WhenIlookedatthem,_____28_____filledmyheart.Maybethiswasit.Itwasajoyousreplacementthathelpedmeoveretheplaining—_____29_____.Overthenextfewmonths,asIcontinued,InoticedlittlethingsI’d_____30_____.Lifewashandingoutgiftaftergift,includingMom,plaintsandall.Icouldn’tchangeher;Icouldonly_____31_____her.17.A.until B.after C.unless D.if18.A.worry B.argue C.inquire D.plain19.A.order B.eat C.keep D.refuse20.A.fix B.analyze C.raise D.discuss21.A.tired B.confused C.annoyed D.scared22.A.independent B.inactive C.uncaring D.ungrateful23.A.custom B.habit C.routine D.idea24.A.teeth B.tongue C.head D.eyes25.A.question B.municate C.change D.reflect26.A.calls B.visits C.pizza D.apartment27.A.prove B.write C.spread D.share28.A.patience B.confidence C.frustration D.satisfaction29.A.Forgiveness B.Consideration C.Gratitude D.Happiness30.A.recorded B.forgotten C.ignored D.abandoned31.A.guide B.teach C.praise D.love【答案】17.A18.D19.B20.A21.C22.D23.B24.B25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.C31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。86歲的母親搬到了作者所在的城市里，作者與丈夫給媽媽找了一間可愛的公寓。接下來的日子，母親把自己對(duì)諸如食物之類的不滿都打告訴作者，作者對(duì)此很生氣，便把自己的這份生氣向朋友訴說。朋友Torry寫信告訴作者自己的做法，之后作者寫下自己生活中值得感激的事情。【17題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：在她來之前，我很樂意幫忙照顧她。A.until到……為止；在……之前；B.after在……之后；C.unless除非；D.if如果。根據(jù)下文“Andweekafterweek,Momfoundmoretoplainabout.”可知，母親到來后，隨之而來的母親越來越多的抱怨。所以此處指在母親來之前作者樂意照顧她，直到她來到這里。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她搬進(jìn)來的第二天，她打給我抱怨公寓的食物。A.worry擔(dān)心；B.argue爭(zhēng)論；C.inquire詢問；D.plain抱怨。根據(jù)下文“Thepizzawaslikerubber.”可知，母親對(duì)披薩不滿意，所以此處指母親打向作者抱怨。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：披薩就像橡膠一樣，我吃不下去。A.order訂購；預(yù)定；B.eat吃；C.keep保持；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)前文“Thepizzawaslikerubber.”可知，母親說披薩像橡膠一樣，所以此處指她吃不下去。故選B。【20題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：難道告訴能解決問題的人不是更有意義嗎?A.fix解決（問題）；B.analyze分析；C.raise升起；D.discuss討論。根據(jù)前文“makemoresensetotellsomeonewhocan”及下文“theproblem”可知，此處是作者面對(duì)媽媽的埋怨，提出媽媽應(yīng)該把（披薩）問題給能解決問題的人投訴才是有意義的。短語：fixtheproblem“解決問題”，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我和朋友貝絲在一起的時(shí)候，我花了20分鐘分享媽媽的態(tài)度是如何讓我煩惱的。A.tired使疲憊；B.confused使困惑；C.annoyed使煩惱；D.scared使害怕。根據(jù)下文“I’ddevelopedthesame7ofplainingthatannoyedmesomuchinMom.”可知，對(duì)媽媽不斷地埋怨作者很煩惱。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她似乎不感激。A.independent獨(dú)立的；B.inactive不活動(dòng)的；不活躍的；C.uncaring冷漠的；無同情心的；D.ungrateful不感激的；不領(lǐng)情的。根據(jù)下文“AftereverythingKevinandIdoforher,allweheariswhatshedoesn’tlike.”可知，作者認(rèn)為她和丈夫?yàn)閶寢屪龀隽烁冻?，在媽媽這里卻得到了媽媽的抱怨，所以此處指作者認(rèn)為媽媽不領(lǐng)他們的情，不感激。且下文“IwrotethreethingsIwasgratefulfor.”也是提示。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)這些話從我嘴里說出來的時(shí)候，我意識(shí)到我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成了和媽媽一樣的抱怨習(xí)慣，這讓我非常惱火。A.custom習(xí)俗；風(fēng)俗；B.habit習(xí)慣；C.routine常規(guī)；正常順序；D.idea想法。根據(jù)下文“ButsoonIfeltpowerlessto9bymyselfandcouldn’thelpplainingtoBeth”可知，作者不由自主地會(huì)抱怨，也養(yǎng)成了抱怨的習(xí)慣。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我決定好好管管我的舌頭。A.teeth牙齒；B.tongue舌頭；C.head頭；D.eyes眼睛。根據(jù)前文“Asthewordsspilledfrommylips,IrealizedthatI’ddevelopedthesame7ofplainingthatannoyedmesomuchinMom.”可知，在作者說出來自己對(duì)媽媽的生氣的時(shí)候，意識(shí)到了自己也養(yǎng)成了抱怨的習(xí)慣，感覺很惱火，所以此處指她決定要管好自己的嘴巴。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但很快我就感到自己無力改變，不禁又向貝絲抱怨媽媽的。A.question詢問；B.municate交流；C.change改變；D.reflect反思。根據(jù)前文“Idecidedtokeepabetterwatchonmy8”及下文“couldn’thelpplaining”可知，作者決定管好自己的嘴巴，不再埋怨，但在接下來幾周后她又開始向朋友訴說，所以此處指作者感覺自己無力改變自己。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.calls；B.visits拜訪；C.pizza披薩；D.apartment公寓。根據(jù)前文“shecalledme”可知，母親每次對(duì)作者抱怨都是通過打告知的，所以此處指作者向朋友訴說母親打的事。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在第一頁，他寫道：“珍妮特，我每天都用這樣的日記來寫我感激的事情?！盇.prove證明；B.write寫；C.spread傳播；D.share分享。根據(jù)下文“IwrotethreethingsIwasgratefulfor.”可知，此處指作者的朋友Torry寫信告訴作者每天他都用日記的形式寫下自己感謝的事情。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看著它們時(shí)，滿足感充滿了我的心。A.patience耐心；B.confidence信心；C.frustration沮喪；D.satisfaction滿足；滿意。根據(jù)前文“IwrotethreethingsIwasgratefulfor.”可知，在朋友的信中，作者看到了朋友用寫日記的方法記錄自己每天值得感謝的事，隨后作者也寫下自己感激的三件事情。作者看著它們覺得滿足，生活不再是只有抱怨，也有感激。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)快樂的幫助我克服了抱怨的替代品——感激。A.Forgiveness諒解；B.Consideration考慮；C.Gratitude感激；D.Happiness快樂。根據(jù)前文“IwrotethreethingsIwasgratefulfor.”可知，作者寫下自己感激的三件事，幫助她克服了抱怨。所以此處指這種感激替換了作者的抱怨。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾個(gè)月里，當(dāng)我繼續(xù)的時(shí)候，我注意到一些我忽略的小事情。A.recorded錄制；記錄；B.forgotten忘記；C.ignored忽視；D.abandoned遺棄；放棄。根據(jù)前文提到朋友Torry介紹作者每天記日記寫自己感激的事情，作者在之后也開始寫下自己感激的事，根據(jù)常識(shí)和下文作者的感悟可推斷，隨著作者的繼續(xù)記錄，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己生活中忽略過的值得自己感激的事情。故選C。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：生活就是一份又一份的禮物，包括媽媽，抱怨和所有的一切。我不能改變她，我只能愛她。A.guide帶領(lǐng)；引導(dǎo)；B.teach教；教授；C.praise贊揚(yáng)；D.love愛；愛慕。根據(jù)前文“Lifewashandingoutgiftaftergift,includingMom,plaintsandall.”可知，媽媽就如同生活中的禮物一樣，我們對(duì)媽媽應(yīng)該感激，所以此處指要愛自己的媽媽。故選D。第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題部分）第二節(jié)（10個(gè)小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TaiChiisoftendescribedas“mediationinmotion”.Thereis____32____(grow)evidencethatthismindbodypracticewhichoriginatedinChinaasamartialart,hasvalueintreatingorpreventingmanyhealthproblems.____33____thefactthatTaiChiisslowandgentleanddoesn’tleaveyoubreathless,itdealswiththekeyponentsof____34____(fit)—musclestrength,flexibilityandbalance.TaiChiimprovesbalanceand,accordingtosomestudies,____35____(reduce)falls.Proprioception(本體感受)—theability____36____(sense)thepositionofone’sbodyinspace—declineswithage.TaiChihelpstrainthissenseandalso____37____(great)improvesmusclestrengthandflexibility,whichmakes____38____easiertorecoverfromastumble(絆倒).Fearoffallingcanmakeyoumorelikelytofall.SomestudieshavefoundthatTaiChitraininghelpsrelievethatfear.TaiChiisverysafe,andnofancyequipment____39____(need),soit’seasytogetstarted.Don’tbefrightenedbythenames.NameslikeYang,Wu,andChengaregiventodifferent____40____(branch)ofTaiChi,inhonorofpeoplewhodesignedthesetsofmovementscalledforms.Insomeforms,youlearnaseriesofmovements,whileothersfocusmoreonbreathingandmeditation.Findingtheveryapproach______41______matchesyourinterestsandneedsisthekey.【答案】32.growing33.Despite34.fitness35.reduces36.tosense37.greatly38.it39.isneeded40.branches41.which##that【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)——太極?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：越來越多的證據(jù)表明，這種起源于中國(guó)的身心練習(xí)作為一種武術(shù)，在治療或預(yù)防許多健康問題方面具有價(jià)值。此處應(yīng)用形容詞growing作定語，修飾名詞evidence，表示“越來越多的”，故填growing。【33題詳解】考查介詞。句意：盡管太極拳緩慢而溫和，不會(huì)讓你喘不過氣來，但它涉及到健身的關(guān)鍵要素——肌肉力量、柔韌性和平衡性。前后句意是讓步關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用介詞despite，首字母大寫，故填Despite?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：盡管太極拳緩慢而溫和，不會(huì)讓你喘不過氣來，但它涉及到健身的關(guān)鍵要素——肌肉力量、柔韌性和平衡性。此處應(yīng)用名詞fitness作賓語，不可數(shù)，故填fitness?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：根據(jù)一些研究，太極可以改善平衡，減少跌倒。此處是謂語動(dòng)詞，和improves是并列謂語，句子描述一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是TaiChi，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用三單形式，故填reduces?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：本體感覺——感知身體在空間中位置的能力——隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而下降。此處是非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語，修飾名詞ability，應(yīng)用不定式作后置定語，theabilitytodosth.意為“做某事的能力”，故填tosense?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：太極有助于訓(xùn)練這種感覺，也大大提高了肌肉的力量和靈活性，這使它更容易從一個(gè)失足恢復(fù)。此處應(yīng)用副詞greatly作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞improves，故填greatly?！?8題詳解】考查it作形式賓語。句意：太極有助于訓(xùn)練這種感覺，也大大提高了肌肉力量和靈活性，這使它更容易從一個(gè)失足恢復(fù)。makeit+形容詞+todosth.為固定句型，意為“做某事是……”，it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是動(dòng)詞不定式短語，故填it?！?9題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：太極是非常安全的，不需要花哨的設(shè)備，所以很容易開始。此處在句中作謂語，句子描述一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語nofancyequipment和動(dòng)詞need是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is，故填isneeded?！?0題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：像“楊”、“吳”和“陳”這樣的名字被用于不同的太極分支，以紀(jì)念那些設(shè)計(jì)了一套叫做“形”的動(dòng)作的人。此處應(yīng)用名詞branch作賓語，由different可知，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填branches?！?1題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：找到一個(gè)符合你興趣和需求的方法是關(guān)鍵。空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞approach，指物，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用which/that引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填which或that。第三節(jié)單詞拼寫（10個(gè)小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）42.Shegavemead_________look,thekindthatsaidshewouldn’tchangehermind.(根據(jù)首字母提示單詞拼寫)【答案】determined【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：她給了我一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的眼神，那種說她不會(huì)改變主意的眼神。根據(jù)空格后look可知，此處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語來修飾名詞look；再結(jié)合所給首字母及句意可知，應(yīng)填determined。故填determined。43.Collegeiswhenweshouldfocusonaspecificmajor,buthighschooliswhenwehavetof______itout.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】figure##igure【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：大學(xué)是我們應(yīng)該專注于一個(gè)特定專業(yè)的時(shí)候，但高中是我們必須弄清楚的時(shí)候。根據(jù)句意以及首字母提示可知，此處為動(dòng)詞短語figureout“弄清楚，弄明白”，haveto后面接動(dòng)詞原形。故填figure。44.Themoneyisnots______tocovereverythingthatneedsdoing,sowehavetocancelsometasks.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】sufficient##ufficient【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這筆錢不夠支付所有需要做的事情，所以我們不得不取消一些項(xiàng)目。結(jié)合句意及首字母提示可知，sufficient“足夠的”，形容詞，在句中作表語，故填sufficient。45.Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschangedb______recognition.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】beyond##eyond【解析】【詳解】考查介詞。句意：自Sara小的時(shí)候我就沒再見過她，現(xiàn)在她已經(jīng)變的完全認(rèn)不出來了。結(jié)合句意及首字母提示可知，此處考查固定短語beyondrecognition，意為“面目全非，完全變了模樣”，符合句意。故填beyond。46.P______duetotheunexpectedpower