Unit 3 Environmental Protection Reading and Thinking 選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionReadingandThinking1.Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?2.Whatisthecauseofthisphenomenon?Lead-inAlargepieceoficeisbreakingoffaglacier.(Theiceismelting)GlobalwarmingWhatotherconsequencesoftheglobalwarming

?economiclossestheriseofsealeveldyinganimalsnaturaldisastersextremeweathercoastalcitiessubmergedLead-inLookatthegraph.Whatisitabout?Whatinformationcanyougetfromit?Whatcanyouseeinthephoto?Whatmightbethestorybehindit?Thetemperatureoftheglobalsurfaceroseabout1.2℃

from1920to2016.Theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmer.skinandbones瘦得皮包骨Thepolarbear(北極熊)maydiedforlackingfood.Before-readingWhile-reading1.Whatisthetypeofthispassage?A.

Argumentativewriting議論文B.Narrative

writing敘述文C.Expository

writing說(shuō)明文D.Advertisingwriting廣告2.Inwhichpartofanewspaperormagazinemaywefindthispassage?A.EntertainmentB.EconomyC.EducationD.EnvironmentWhile-readingPart1:(para.1-2)Part2:(para.3)Part3:(para.4)Part4:(para.5)Theevidence(證據(jù))ofdramaticclimatechangethathadanimpactonEarth’secologyThecauses(原因)oftheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetemperatureTheconsequences(結(jié)果)oftheriseintemperatureThesolutions(解決方法)toreducinggreenhousegasemissionsMatchthemainideawitheachpart.Readingforthedetails

(Para.1)

AproblemWhat?

Evidenceawarmingocean&atmospheremeltingicerisingsealevelClimate’sisgettingwarmerandwarmerReadingforthedetails(Para.2)

climatechangestarvationlongerfood-seekingtravellackoffoodlow

sea-icelevelThefollowingreasonsaccountforthedeathofthepolarbear,withoneinfluencinganother.Readparagraph2andputtheminacorrectlogicalorder.

Whatistherootcause?Readingforthedetails(Para.3:cause)

naturalman-madeDefinitionHeatfromthesunentersthe__________andwarmsEarth’s__________as_________-waveradiation.FunctionKeepingEarth’swarmand_____________DefinitionPeopleproducehugeamountsof_________greenhousegasesbyburning_____________.AbigproblemMore________energyistrappedintheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperatureto________quickly.habitableextrafossilfuelsatmospheresurfaceshortheatriseGreenhouseEffectGreenhouseeffect“Natural”greenhouseeffect“man-made”greenhouseeffectReadingforthedetails(Para.3:cause)

Readingforthedetails(Para.4:consequence)

1.

Whataretheconsequencesoftheglobaltemperaturerise?2.

Whydidtheauthormentiontheclimatescientists’warning?The

rise

in

the

temperatureextreme

weather

&

natural

disastersextreme

rainstorms,

heatwavesserious

damage,

costing

human

livesled

toBecause

global

warming

needs

everyone’s

attention

and

it

is

essential

that

we

take

appropriate

actions.examplesresultsReadingforthedetails(Para.5:solutions)

solutionsgovernmentsmake

policiestake

appropriate

actions

and

measuresindividualsreduce

our

“carbon

footprint”

by…educate

everyone

about

global

warmingDiscussion1.Whatexamplesofextremeweatheranddisastersdoyouknow?

Makealistofthem.2.Doyouthinkitishumanactivitythatcausedglobalclimatechange?Giveyourreasons?Tsunami(海嘯）flood（洪水）landslide（滑坡）

sandstorm（沙塵暴）thunderstorm（雷雨）earthquakehail（冰雹）heatwave（熱浪）coldwave（寒潮）typhoon（臺(tái)風(fēng)）tornado(龍卷風(fēng)).Yes.Humanbeingsburntoomuchfossilfuelsandproducelargequantitiesofcarbondioxide,causingthetemperaturetogoupsteadily.Activity4:GroupdiscussionGotoschoolorworkbybike/businsteadofdrivingacar.Whatwillyoudotohelp?UseahandkerchiefinsteadoftissuesWhatwillyoudotohelp?Usereusablebasketsoreco-friendlybagsinsteadofplasticbags;buythingseconomicwithenergy;userecyclablegoodsoritems.Whatwillyoudotohelp?Turn

off

the

lights

and

fans

when

leavingLesstissue,regainhandkerchiefforestprotectionTurnofflight,switch,pulltheplugifnotuse.planttreesHowdowelivealow-carbonlifestyle?walkorcycletoworkCLIMATECHANGEREQUIRESTHEWORLD‘SATTENTION氣候變化需要全世界的關(guān)注Wehaveknownaboutclimatechangefordecades(數(shù)十年).Thereislittledoubtthat(毫無(wú)疑問(wèn))Earthisgettingwarmerandwarmer(seethegraph).Awarmingoceanandatmospherealongwith(與...一起，就遠(yuǎn)原則)meltingiceandrisingsealevelsprovideevidenceof(提供...的證據(jù))adramaticchange(巨變)intheglobalclimate(全球氣候).我們了解氣候變化已有數(shù)十年了。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，地球正變得越來(lái)越暖和（見(jiàn)圖表）海洋變暖和大氣變暖以及冰川融化和海平面上升是全球氣候的急劇變化的證據(jù)。In2013,alotofpeoplewereshockedby(對(duì)...感到震驚)anewsphotoofadeadpolarbearthat(引導(dǎo)定從)wasfoundonNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbody,allthat(引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句)remainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones(瘦得皮包骨，瘦骨嶙峋)”.Anexpertwho(引導(dǎo)定從)hasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromtheposition(姿勢(shì))ofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedto(do似乎做，看上去好像做)havestarved(v.挨餓;adj.starving)anddied.tohavestarved

不定式的完成時(shí)，表示先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的動(dòng)作2013年，一張?jiān)谂餐睒O地區(qū)的斯瓦爾巴群島上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只北極熊尸體的新聞?wù)掌尯芏嗳苏痼@。根據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)這只北極熊尸體的科學(xué)家的說(shuō)法，這只北極熊只剩下“皮包骨頭”了。一位研究北極熊多年的專家說(shuō)，從它尸體的位置看，這只熊似乎是餓死的。Expertsclaimed(專家稱,claimtodo宣稱做)thatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechange(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ))meantthebearcouldnothuntseals(捕食海豹)asbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesinordertofindfood.Thisalarmingcase(驚恐的案例)showedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpacton(對(duì)...有影響,influence,effect)Earth’secology(生態(tài)).專家稱，由于氣候變化造成的海冰水位較低，這只熊無(wú)法像以前那樣捕獵海豹，所以他為了找到食物不得不去更遠(yuǎn)的地方。這一令人震驚的案例表明氣溫升高對(duì)地球生態(tài)產(chǎn)生了怎樣的影響。Thenwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetemperature(平均地表溫度)?Climatescientistsoftenmentionakey(關(guān)鍵的)climateprocesscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)),which(引導(dǎo)非限定)hastwocommonmeanings:the“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.那么是什么正在導(dǎo)致全球表面平均溫度的上升呢？

氣候科學(xué)家經(jīng)常提到一個(gè)被稱為“溫室效應(yīng)”的關(guān)鍵氣候過(guò)程，它有兩個(gè)普遍的含義：“自然”溫室效應(yīng)和“人為”溫室效應(yīng)。The“natural”greenhouseeffectreferstothefactthat(引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,解釋說(shuō)明fact的具體內(nèi)容)heatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation(短波輻射).

Theheatisreleased(釋放)backintospaceatlongerwavelengths(波長(zhǎng)).“自然”溫室效應(yīng)指的是來(lái)自太陽(yáng)的熱量進(jìn)入大氣層，并以短波輻射的形式使地球表面升溫。熱量以更長(zhǎng)的波長(zhǎng)釋放回太空。Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethane(甲烷，沼氣)andcarbondioxide(二氧化碳),trapsomeoftheheat(困住/吸收熱量),keeping(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))Earth’sclimatewarmandhabitable(適宜居住).Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustain(維系)life.However,the“man-made”greenhouseeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblem.大氣中的溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳，會(huì)吸收一些熱量，使地球氣候保持溫暖和適宜居住。沒(méi)有這個(gè)過(guò)程，地球就無(wú)法維持生命。然而，“人為”溫室效應(yīng)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsof(大量的)extra(額外的)greenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels(化石燃料),moreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.當(dāng)人們通過(guò)燃燒化石燃料產(chǎn)生大量額外的溫室氣體時(shí)，更多的熱量被困在大氣中，導(dǎo)致地球表面溫度迅速上升。Thereisstrong(確鑿的)andcomprehensive(全面的)evidencethat(引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,解釋說(shuō)明evidence的具體內(nèi)容)theriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausing(導(dǎo)致)seriousdamage,butalsocosting(使損失，喪失)humanlives.Thereisevidencethat...有證據(jù)表明有力且全面的證據(jù)表明，氣溫上升已導(dǎo)致世界范圍內(nèi)極端天氣和自然災(zāi)害的增加，不僅造成嚴(yán)重的破壞，而且還致人喪命。Climatescientistshavewarnedthatif(that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句本身又是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，if條件句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái))wedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrend(變暖的趨勢(shì))willprobablycontinueandtherewillbeahigherpricetopay.Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstorms(極端暴風(fēng)雨)andheatwaves(熱浪)

causing(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ))deathsandeconomiclosses.氣候科學(xué)家警告說(shuō)，如果我們不采取適當(dāng)?shù)男袆?dòng)，這種變暖的趨勢(shì)可能會(huì)繼續(xù)下去，并將使我們付出更高的代價(jià)。事實(shí)上，新聞報(bào)道經(jīng)常播送造成死亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的極端暴雨和熱浪。Continuedgreenhousegasemissions(排放)willresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.Thisrequirestheattentionofpeopleallovertheworld.Governmentsneedtoconsider(考慮)makingpoliciesandtakingappropriate