重慶市實驗中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

2/22022-2023學(xué)年上期高2021級期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Onaship.B.Inastore.C.Attheairport.2.Howcanthemangetintothelibrary?A.Throughthefrontdoor.B.Throughthesidedoor.C.Bytakingalift.3.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Gohiking.B.Putuptheirtent.C.Gofishing.4.Whatwillthemandothisafternoon?A.Havelunchwiththewoman.B.Finishhisreport.C.Makeaschedule.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasfailedherexam.B.Shehasbrokenherglasses.C.Sheregrettedlosinghertemper.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?A.Headingforashop.B.Choosingitemsinastore.C.Waitinginacheckoutline.7.Whatisonsale?A.Pepper.B.Cannedsoup.C.Toiletpaper.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wherewilltheexhibitionbeheld?A.InFlorida.B.OnGuanyinshanBeach.C.InShanghai.9.Whenwillthespeakersgototheexhibition?A.ThisSaturday.B.ThisSunday.C.NextTuesday.10.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.He’sneverflownakitebefore.B.Heisuninterestedinthefestival.C.HewasinShanghaitwomonthsago.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Wholivesupstairsintheapartment?A.Awriter.B.Anoldcouple.C.Anoldcouple’sson.12.Howmuchwillthewomanpaypermonthtorenttheapartment?A.$800.B.$750.C.$50.13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedintherent?A.Gas.B.Electricity.C.Maintenancefee.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.What’sthewoman’sdinnerfor?A.Welcomingafriendback.BCelebratingabirthday.C.Givingafriendasend-off.15.What’stheKoreanrestaurantlike?A.Thefoodisterrible.B.Theserviceisn’tgood.C.Thefoodisoverpriced.16.WhatdoweknowabouttherestaurantinChinatown?A.Itoffersexcellentservice.B.Itonlyserveshotpot.C.It’spopularamongdiners.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.What’sthespeaker’smaintopic?A.Howtosleepbetter.B.Howsleepbenefitspeople.C.Howmuchsleepweneed.18.Whichistherecommendedamountofsleepforadults?A.Sixtoeighthoursperday.B.Seventoninehoursperday.C.Sixtoninehoursperday.19.Whattendstohappentopeopleiftheysleepforoverninehours?A.They’llfeelextremelytired.B.They’llhaveahigherriskofdeath.C.They’llwanttosleeplonger.20.Whichisariskfactorassociatedwithseeminglylongsleep?A.Mentalillnesses.B.Strangesleephabits.C.Poorsleepquality.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文。從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。AAttractionsforKidswithDinosaurFeverWhilethereareplentyofmoviesandbooksthatcanteachyourlittleoneallaboutdinosaurs,thefollowingchildren’sattractionswillallowthemtocomeface-to-facewiththeirfavoritedinosaursandlearninaninteractive,funenvironment.1.DinosaursAliveatCedarPointSandusky,OHSeethe“ageofdinosaurs”cometolifewithinteractiveexhibitsbasedonrealfossilevidence.AttheDinosaursAlivesectionofCedarPointpark,visitorscanwalkamongmorethan50life-sizeddinosaurswhichmoveandroar.Seethesegiganticlizards(蜥蜴)upcloseandlearnmoreaboutthemostfearsomeperiodoftheearth’shistory.2.TheChicagoChildren’sMuseumChicago,ILTheChicagoChildren’sMuseumisfilledwithplentyofactivitiesforkidsofallages,butoneofthecoolesthastobetheDinosaurExhibition.Atthisexhibit,childrencanspendtimediggingfordinosaurbonesatanexcavation(挖掘)site,lookingatdinosaurfossils,andlearningwhatlifeislikeforrealarchaeologists(考古學(xué)家).3.CarnegieMuseumofNaturalHistoryPittsburgh,PAInadditiontoplentyofexhibitsaboutwildlife,theCarnegieMuseumofNaturalHistoryhasoneofthefinestdinosaurfossilcollectionsintheworld.VisitorscanseeexpertsworkwithrealdinosaurfossilsinthePaleoLab.MakesuretosnapaphotoinfrontofDippy,thescarf-lovingdinosaurguardingthefrontofthemuseum!4.TheChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolisIndianapolis,INFromthedinosaursexplodingoutofthesideofthebuildingtothefossilswithin,theChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolisisfilledwithfunthingstodo.KidscantoucharealT-rexboneandseereconstructeddinosaurskeletonsupclose.1.Whoaretheattractionsmainlyintendedfor?A.Children. B.Parents. C.Archaeologists. D.Volunteers.2.Inwhichmuseumcanvisitorsdigfordinosaurbones?A.DinosaursAliveatCedarPoint. B.TheChicagoChildren’sMuseum.C.CarnegieMuseumofNaturalHistory. D.TheChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolis.3.WhatarevisitorsadvisedtodoinPittsburgh,PA?A.ToucharealT-rexbone. B.TakeaphotoinfrontofDippy.C.Seereconstructeddinosaurskeletons. D.Seeexpertsworkwithfakedinosaurfossils.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個與恐龍有關(guān)的旅游景點?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“thefollowingchildren’sattractionswillallowthemtocomeface-to-facewiththeirfavoritedinosaurs(下面的景點將讓孩子們與他們最喜歡的恐龍面對面)”可知，文章介紹的這些景點主要是為孩子們準(zhǔn)備的。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的“Atthisexhibit,childrencanspendtimediggingfordinosaurbonesatanexcavationsite(在這個展覽中，孩子們可以花時間在挖掘現(xiàn)場挖掘恐龍骨頭)”可知，在芝加哥兒童博物館中，游客們可以挖掘出恐龍的遺骨。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句中的“MakesuretosnapaphotoinfrontofDippy(一定要在Dippy面前照張相)”可知，當(dāng)游覽位于匹茲堡的卡內(nèi)基自然歷史博物館時，作者建議游客們在名為Dippy的恐龍化石前拍照。故選B。BDevonGallagher,acollegegraduatefromPhiladelphia,wantstheworldtoknowexactlywhereshe’sbeenduringherworldwidevacationinaspecialway.Thetraveler,whowasbornwithabonedisease,hadherrightlegamputated(截肢)attheageoffour.AlthoughtheamputationcausedsetbacksforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.Tospreadthatmessage,Gallagherhastakentosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotosofhertravelsacrosstheglobe,butinsteadofsimplyusingageo-tag,shewritesherlocationacrossherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture.NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdam,relaxingonawalloverlookingthecityofBarcelona,posingwithawaffleinBrussels,takingspectacularpicturesinAthensandenjoyingarivercruiseinBudapest,allwiththewell-knownlocationswrittenonherartificialleg.“IgetanewlegeverytwoyearsandIcanchoosethedesignonit.OnedayIhadasuddenthoughttogetachalkboard,”Gallaghersaid.“Mymumandgrandmotherweren’ttookeenontheidea,butmyfriendsthoughtitwasgreatandtoldmetogoforit,soIdid.”Gallaghersaidpeopleoftenstarewhenshe’swritingonherleg,butonceshesharesthephotos,shereceivesonlypositivefeedback.“Myleghasn’tstoppedmefromdoinganythingI’vewantedtodo,”shesaid.“Idon’tknowifit’smydeterminationtoprovetomyselfthatIcandoit,butregardless,I’vebeenabletokeepupwithmypeersandleadaprettygreatlife.”Gallaghershowsusthatyoushouldneverletanythingstandinthewayofyourdreams.Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart.4.WhatmessagedidGallagherwanttospreadinherspecialway?A.Sheenjoyshertravelingacrosstheglobe.B.Shesufferslittlefromherlegamputation.C.Shelooksonhermisfortuneasanotherformofblessing.D.Shehasexactlyfalleninlovewithpostingphotosonline.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“which”inParagraph4referto?A.TheContinent. B.Thepictures.C.Theleg. D.Thelocations.6.Gallaghercanbestbedescribedas________．A.helpfulandambitious B.friendlyandgenerousC.determinedandcreative D.independentandsensible7.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NeverTooLatetoShare B.ASpecialArtificialLegC.AnOutstandingPhotographer D.Gallagher’sSummerHolidays【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了截肢的Gallagher不畏不幸，堅持環(huán)球旅行，并在拍照前在假肢上寫下自己的位置。她以特殊的方式傳遞一種信息：把自己的不幸看作是另一種形式的幸運?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AlthoughtheamputationcausedsetbacksforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.（雖然截肢在早期給Gallagher帶來了挫折，但她現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為這無異于激勵她過上最好的生活。）”可知，Gallagher把挫折當(dāng)做了一種激勵。所以Gallagher想以特殊的方式傳遞一種信息：把自己的不幸看作是另一種形式的幸運，故選C項。【5題詳解】指代猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdam,relaxingonawalloverlookingthecityofBarcelona,posingwithawaffleinBrussels,takingspectacularpicturesinAthensandenjoyingarivercruiseinBudapest,allwiththewellknownlocationswrittenonherartificialleg.（現(xiàn)在，她一直在拍攝橫跨歐洲大陸的照片，這些照片顯示她在阿姆斯特丹的運河上騎自行車，在俯瞰巴塞羅那市的墻上放松，在布魯塞爾與華夫餅合影，在雅典拍攝壯觀的照片，并在布達(dá)佩斯享受河上游船，所有這些都寫在她的假腿上。）”可知，此句中which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代先行詞pictures。故推知which指代“照片”。故選B項。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段““Myleghasn’tstoppedmefromdoinganythingI’vewantedtodo,”shesaid.（她說：“我的腿并沒有阻止我做任何我想做的事情”。）”可知，Gallagher是個堅定果斷的人。根據(jù)第三段“Tospreadthatmessage,Gallagherhastakentosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotosofhertravelsacrosstheglobe,butinsteadofsimplyusingageotag,shewritesherlocationacrossherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture.（為了傳播這一信息，Gallagher已經(jīng)在社交媒體上分享了她在世界各地旅行的照片，但她沒有簡單地使用地理標(biāo)簽，而是在拍照之前在她的假腿上寫下了她的位置。）”可知，她在假肢上寫位置的行為很有創(chuàng)造性。故Gallagher是個堅定并有創(chuàng)造力的人，故選C項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Gallaghershowsusthatyoushouldneverletanythingstandinthewayofyourdreams.Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart.（Gallagher向我們表明，你永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該讓任何事情阻礙你的夢想。如果生活給了你一條假腿，那就做藝術(shù)吧。）”可知，文章主要講述了截肢的Gallagher不畏不幸，堅持環(huán)球旅行，并創(chuàng)造性地在拍照前在假肢上寫下自己的位置。她以特殊的方式傳遞一種信息：把自己的截肢看作是另一種形式的幸運。故文章的標(biāo)題應(yīng)是：一條特殊的假腿，故選B項。CFishcatsareakindofcatsthatlovewaterandlovetofish.Theyareliketigersandlions,onlymuchsmaller,aroundtwicethesizeofouraveragepetcats.TheyliveinwetlandsofSouthAsiaandmangroveforests(紅樹林)ofSouthandSoutheastAsia.Likemanyendangeredspecies,fishcatswereindangerofdyingoutmorethantwentyyearsago,mainlybecauseofthegreatinternationalneedforfishfoodandthepeoplescuttingofthemangrovesatanextremelyfastspeed.MangrovesofSoutheastAsiaarehometoagreatmanyfantasticspecieslikefishcats,turtles,shorebirdsandothers.Mangrovescanprotectsoil,andtheycanbethefirstlineofprotectionbetweenstorms,tsunamisandthemillionsofpeoplewholivenexttothem.ThefactisthatmangrovescanstorealmostfivetotentimesmoreCO2thanotherforests.Soprotectingmangrovesmaywellbelikeprotectingfivetotentimesmoreofotherforests.Tenyearsago,inSouthIndia,manypeoplecametogethertochangethefutureoftheirhome.Inlessthan10years,withinternationalsupport,thestateforestdepartmentsandthelocalpeopleworkedtogethertorestoreover20,000acresofunproductivefishandshrimpfarmsbackintomangroves.Nowexpertsareworkingwiththeminhelpingstudyandprotectingthemangrovesaswellasthespecieslivinginthem.Fishandshrimpfarmersarenowwillingtoworkwithexpertstotesttheharvestofnatureprotectionlikefishes,turtlesandotherspeciesinmangroves.Thelocalfarmersareencouragedtoprotectandplantmangroveswheretheyhavebeenlost.Awinwin-winforfishcats,localpeopleandtheglobalecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))isbeingbuilt.8.Whatmadethefishcatsendangered?A.Beingtoolargeandneedforfishfood. B.Cuttingofmangrovesandlackofwater.C.Lessfishandovercuttingofmangroves. D.Naturalenemiesandenvironmentpollution.9.Whyaremangrovessoimportant?A.Theycanpreventextremeweather. B.Theyareperfecthometoallspecies.C.TheycantakeinmoreCO2effectively. D.Theyhelpplantsgrowbetteronthesoil.10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Workinprotectingshrimps. B.Effortstoprotectthemangroves.C.Waysofturningfarmsintoforests. D.ChangesofSouthIndiainI0years.11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ManandNature B.WaystoProtectFishCatsC.TheRestorationofWetlands D.FishCatsandMangrovesProtection【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了需要被保護(hù)的瀕危的魚貓、對于人類十分重要的紅樹林以及南印度為形成魚貓——當(dāng)?shù)鼐用瘛鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)三贏格局所作出的努力。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Likemanyendangeredspecies,fishcatswereindangerofdyingoutmorethantwentyyearsago,mainlybecauseofthegreatinternationalneedforfishfoodandthepeople'scuttingofthemangrovesatanextremelyfastspeed.(許多瀕危物種一樣，魚貓在二十多年前就面臨滅絕的危險，主要原因是國際上對魚類食物的巨大需求以及人們以極快的速度砍伐紅樹林)”可知，魚貓瀕臨滅絕的原因是魚類供不應(yīng)求和紅樹林的過度砍伐。故選C。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThefactisthatmangrovescanstorealmostfivetotentimesmoreCO2thanotherforests.Soprotectingmangrovesmaywellbelikeprotectingfivetotentimesmoreofotherforests.(事實上，紅樹林能儲存的二氧化碳幾乎是其他森林的五到十倍。因此，保護(hù)紅樹林很可能就像保護(hù)其他森林的5到10倍)”可知，紅樹林重要的原因在可以吸收更多的二氧化碳。故選C。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Tenyearsago,inSouthIndia,manypeoplecametogethertochangethefutureoftheirhome.(十年前，在南印度，許多人聚集在一起改變他們家園的未來)”以及“Thelocalfarmersareencouragedtoprotectandplantmangroveswheretheyhavebeenlost.(鼓勵當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民保護(hù)和種植已經(jīng)消失的紅樹林)”以及段落內(nèi)容可知，最后一段主要講述了南印度人民為保護(hù)紅樹林所做出的努力。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Awin-win-winforfishcats,localpeopleandtheglobalecosystemisbeingbuilt.(魚貓、當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈腿蛏鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)三贏的格局正在形成)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了需要被保護(hù)的瀕危的魚貓、對于人類十分重要的紅樹林以及南印度人為保護(hù)紅樹林做出的努力，故D選項“魚貓和紅樹林保護(hù)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DAteamofresearchersatETHZurichhastheperfectlong-lastingsolutiontoourfogproblem.Theyhavedevelopedaverythinandgold-basedtransparentcoating(涂層)thatcanconvertsunlightintoheat,whichcanbeappliedtoglassandothersurfacestopreventthemfromfogging.Thespecialcoatingisdevelopedusingtitaniumoxideandgoldparticles.Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(紅外線照射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject.Thecoatingbasicallyemploysheattostopfogging.Thecoatingabsorbsalargepartoftheinfraredradiation,whichcausesittoheatup—byupto8℃.Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprayscreateaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.Alongwithwater,thespraysalsoattractdirt,dust,oil,andvariousotherdirtysubstances,andjustalittledirtonthesurfacemakesituseless.However,thenewcoatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.Goldmightbeexpensive,buttheresearchersstressthattheircoatingrequiressolittlethatthematerialcostsremainlow.Theircoatingisproducedwithstandardizedandreadilyscalablemethods,allcost-effectively.However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarirradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.Intheprocess,theywillexaminewhetherothermetalsworkjustaswellasgold.Thereisnoneedtofear,however,thiswouldcauseacarorabuildingtoheatupmoreinthesummer.Theresearchershavealreadyfiledapatent.Hopefully,thisgroundbreakingproductwillsoonbeavailableonthemarket.12.Howdoesthenewcoatingworktoremovefog?A.Byreflectingpartofsunlightselectively.B.Bykeepingcoolairawayfromtheobject.C.Bycreatingathinfilmofwateronthesurface.D.Byabsorbinginfraredradiationstoheatthecoating.13.Whydoestheauthormentionpreviousanti-foggingproducts?A.Tostresstheadvantagesofthenewcoating.B.Tointroducetheinspirationbehindthenewcoating.C.Toprovethedifficultyofcreatinganti-foggingproducts.D.Toexplainthereasonfortheanti-foggingcoatingbeingpopular.14.Whatisthelimitationofthenewcoating?A.Itisconsiderablyexpensive.B.Itdependsonsunlighttowork.C.Itlakestoomuchtimetoproduce.DItisdifficulttocleanandmaintain.15.WhatdotheresearchersplantodonextA.Seekmorematerialsasthecoating.B.Applyforapatentfortheinvention.C.Developtheproductformorepracticaluses.D.Exploretheenvironmentalimpactofthecoating.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。蘇黎世聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院的一組研究人員開發(fā)了一種新型涂層，文章介紹了這種新型涂層的工作原理、優(yōu)缺點及下一步研究方向等。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(紅外線照射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject.(它選擇性地吸收太陽光中的紅外輻射，并產(chǎn)生一種強大的加熱效應(yīng)，足以使霧遠(yuǎn)離物體表面。)”可知，這種新涂層通過選擇性地吸收太陽光中的紅外輻射，來加熱涂層，使霧遠(yuǎn)離。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprayscreateaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.Alongwithwater,thespraysalsoattractdirt,dust,oil,andvariousotherdirtysubstances,andjustalittledirtonthesurfacemakesituseless.However,thenewcoatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.(以前，像防霧噴霧劑這樣的產(chǎn)品會在表面形成一層非常薄的水膜來去除霧。這種表面的問題是污染。除了水，噴霧劑還會吸引污垢、灰塵、油和其他各種臟物質(zhì)，表面上有一點污垢就沒用了。然而，這種新的涂層可以排斥水。此外，涂層明顯更薄，這使得它更透明，也更靈活。它是被動加熱的，在白天不需要額外的能源。)”可知，本段對比分析了以前防霧產(chǎn)品的缺點和新型涂層的優(yōu)點，由此可知，作者提到以前的防霧產(chǎn)品，是為了強調(diào)新型涂層的優(yōu)點。故選A項?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarirradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.(然而，盡管這種產(chǎn)品可以在非常低的太陽照射水平下工作，但它確實依賴于一定量的光。)”可知，這種新型涂層需要依賴一定量的太陽光來工作，這是它的不足之處。故選B項?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.(研究人員將進(jìn)一步開發(fā)其他用途的涂層。)”可知，研究人員計劃進(jìn)一步開發(fā)其他用途的涂層。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Differentparentshavedifferentreactionstolearningthattheirchildrenmightbeexperiencingbullying(欺凌).Somemaybelievethatthebullyingisawayto“toughenthemup”.Othersmightbecomesoangrythattheywanttofacethebulliesthemselvesormaypushtheirchildrentofightback.____16____It’smuchbettertotrytocalmyourselfdownandfindwaystosolvetheproblem.Herearesomesuggestionsthatexpertsrecommend.Talkaboutbullying.Oneofthebestwaystohelpyourbulliedchildistosimplytalkaboutbullying.Notabouttheirbullyspecificallyorthetroublethey’regoingthrough,butwhybullyinghappens,howbulliestypicallywork,andwhattheycandotomakeitstopandhelpothers.Theyalsoneedtounderstandthatbulliesarenevertoblameforbullyingbecausefartoomanyofthemcanfeelguiltyandevenbecomedepressed.____17________18____Alotofkidswon’tbecomfortablecomingtotheirparentsforhelpforavarietyofreasons,soit’simportantthatyoudoeverythingyoucantoshowthemthattalkingtoyouaboutaproblemissomethingsafe.Makesuretheyknowthatyoucareandthatyou’rewillingtolistennomatterwhat,butdon’tpressthemforinformationortheymightretreatfurtherintothemselves.Documenteverything.____19____Schoolauthoritieswilloftenwantproofifyougotothemwithaccusation,andthecourtwillcertainlyneeditifitgetstothepointthatyouneedtomakeitalegalmatter.Justasimportantly,hangingontothingslikee-mailscanreallyhelpifyoursonordaughterisbeingtargetedbyanonymousbullies,becauseauthoritiessometimesusethatinformationtotrackdownthebully.Gotoofficials.Lettingbullyinggotoofarcanleadtoallkindsofpotentialphysicalandpsychologicaldamage.____20____Meetingslikethiscangooneoftwoways—youcanfocusontheproblembyyourselfandmakeactionsagainstthebullies,oryoucanworkwithschoolofficialstostartprogramsthateducatetheirstudentsaboutbullyingandseektocontrolitintheschool.A.Keepaneyeoutforyourchild.B.Makeyourselfavailabletoyourchild.C.Thesechoicesarerarelytherightwaytohandlebullying.D.Sometimesyouhavetogotoschoolofficialstogetitstopped.E.Youhaveanumberofoptionsavailabletoyoudependingonyourpersonality.F.Iftherearerecordsofyourchildbeingbullied,itisvitaltoholdontotheevidence.G.Inthisway,youcanarmyourchildwithinformationtheycanusetosolvetheproblem.【答案】16.C17.G18.B19.F20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。不同的父母在得知孩子可能遭遇欺凌時有不同的反應(yīng)，文章介紹了一些專家建議的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Somemaybelievethatthebullyingisawayto“toughenthemup”.Othersmightbecomesoangrythattheywanttofacethebulliesthemselvesormaypushtheirchildrentofightback.(有些人可能認(rèn)為欺凌是一種“讓他們堅強起來”的方式。其他人可能會變得非常憤怒，想要自己面對欺凌者，或者可能會迫使他們的孩子反擊)”及下文“It’smuchbettertotrytocalmyourselfdownandfindwaystosolvetheproblem.Herearesomesuggestionsthatexpertsrecommend.(最好是讓自己冷靜下來，找到解決問題的方法。以下是專家推薦的一些建議)”可知，上文提到的做法并不正確。由此可知，C.Thesechoicesarerarelytherightwaytohandlebullying.(這些選擇很少是處理欺凌的正確方式)能夠承上啟下，符合語境。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theyalsoneedtounderstandthatbulliesarenevertoblameforbullyingbecausefartoomanyofthemcanfeelguiltyandevenbecomedepressed.(他們還需要明白，欺凌者永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該因為欺凌而受到指責(zé)，因為他們中有太多的人會感到內(nèi)疚，甚至變得抑郁)”可知，需要讓孩子了解一些信息。由此可知，G.Inthisway,youcanarmyourchildwithinformationtheycanusetosolvetheproblem.(通過這種方式，你可以用他們可以用來解決問題的信息武裝你的孩子)能夠承接上文，符合語境。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Alotofkidswon’tbecomfortablecomingtotheirparentsforhelpforavarietyofreasons,soit’simportantthatyoudoeverythingyoucantoshowthemthattalkingtoyouaboutaproblemissomethingsafe.(很多孩子會因為各種各樣的原因不愿意向父母尋求幫助，所以你要盡你所能向他們表明，和你談?wù)搯栴}是安全的，這很重要)”可知，父母要讓孩子隨時能找你需求幫助。由此可知，B.Makeyourselfavailabletoyourchild.(讓你的孩子隨時能找你)符合語境。故選B。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Documenteverything.(記錄一切)”及下文“Schoolauthoritieswilloftenwantproofifyougotothemwithaccusation,andthecourtwillcertainlyneeditifitgetstothepointthatyouneedtomakeitalegalmatter.(如果你向?qū)W校提出指控，他們通常會要求證據(jù)，如果你需要將其列為法律問題，法院當(dāng)然也會需要證據(jù))”可知，保留證據(jù)很重要。由此可知，F(xiàn).Iftherearerecordsofyourchildbeingbullied,itisvitaltoholdontotheevidence.(如果有你的孩子被欺負(fù)的記錄，重要的是要抓住證據(jù))能夠承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Gotoofficials.(去找官員)”及下文“Meetingslikethiscangooneoftwoways—youcanfocusontheproblembyyourselfandmakeactionsagainstthebullies,oryoucanworkwithschoolofficialstostartprogramsthateducatetheirstudentsaboutbullyingandseektocontrolitintheschool.(像這樣的會面可以采取兩種方式之一——你可以自己關(guān)注問題，并對欺凌者采取行動，或者你可以與學(xué)校官員合作，啟動項目，教育學(xué)生有關(guān)欺凌的知識，并尋求在學(xué)校控制欺凌)”可知，此處在講述到學(xué)校官員那里需求幫助。由此可知，D.Sometimesyouhavetogotoschoolofficialstogetitstopped.(有時你不得不去學(xué)校官員那里阻止它)能夠承上啟下，符合語境。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空自處的最佳選項。ThatyearIwaselevenandinsixthgrade.InWethersfield,allsixth-gradersare____21____totakepartintheR.O.P.E.Program.Itsmain____22____istobelieveyourpeers(同齡人),worktogether,and____23____newadventures.Theseprogramsincludefallingbackwardand____24____peerstocatchyou,workingtogethertofitintoasmallcircleandsomethingofthatkind.Iwasreadytoparticipateinthese____25____.Fallingbackwardandfittingintoasmallcirclewerenothingtome.Crossingoverastreamwithnothingholdingmeupbutaropewasbrave,butIcould____26____it.Finallythedaycamewhenmysixthgradeclasswouldtraveltoclimbandrappel(繞繩下滑)amountaininSouthington.Thosepeoplewhoweretoo____27____wereallowedtopracticeclimbingandrappellingasmallerareaofrocks,butthatwasn’tforme.Icouldclimbthebigmountain.Twentyminuteslater,my____28____arrived.AsIwaswell____29____,Isetoffatonce.Igotaquarterofthewayupbutcouldn’tseemtogetany_____30_____.Itriedandtried.Ibegantoputmyselfdownandcry.Therewasnothingmore_____31_____thanmyclassmateswerelookingatme.AllIkept_____32_____was“Lisa,youcandoit.”“Trytofityourfootinthere._____33_____,Lisa.You’realmostthere.”ItwasthenthatIthoughttomyself,“WhyamIcrying?Icandothis.”Almost_____34_____Iwentongoingupthemountain.WithinfiveminutesIsuccessfully_____35_____ittothetop.21.A.forced B.reported C.required D.reminded22.A.idea B.result C.question D.road23.A.run B.introduce C.experience D.describe24.A.begging B.thinking C.promising D.trusting25.A.lectures B.discussions C.stories D.activities26.A.manage B.discover C.change D.need27.A.motivated B.noisy C.frightened D.annoyed28.A.friend B.turn C.teacher D.day29.A.relaxed B.balanced C.organized D.prepared30.A.quicker B.warmer C.farther D.longer31.A.awkward B.amazing C.annoying D.exciting32.A.shouting B.remembering C.learning D.hearing33.A.Watchout B.Comeon C.Hurryup D.Walkalong34.A.completely B.carefully C.dangerously D.immediately35.A.reached B.made C.got D.took【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.D33.B34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者參加R.O.P.E項目的爬山活動時，爬了四分之一就爬不動了，班上同學(xué)一直鼓勵她，最終她爬上了山頂?shù)墓适隆！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在韋琴斯菲爾德，所有六年級學(xué)生都必須參加R.O.P.E.項目。A.forced迫使、強迫；B.reported報道、據(jù)說；C.required要求；D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)“InWethersfield,allsixth-gradersare____1____totakepartintheR.O.P.E.Program.”可知，應(yīng)該是所有六年級學(xué)生都被“要求”參加R.O.P.E項目，required符合語境。故選C項。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它的主要思想是要信任同伴、共同合作、歷經(jīng)冒險。A.idea想法、原則、目標(biāo)；B.result結(jié)果；C.question問題、疑問；D.road道路、途徑、方法。根據(jù)“istobelieveyourpeers(同齡人),worktogether,and____3____newadventures.”可知，這是活動的主要思想，idea符合語境。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它的主要思想是要信任同伴、共同合作、歷經(jīng)冒險。A.run奔跑、跑步；B.introduce介紹、引進(jìn)；C.experience經(jīng)歷、體會；D.describe描述、形容。根據(jù)“newadventures”可知，此處應(yīng)該指“經(jīng)歷”冒險，experience符合語境。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些方法包括向后倒，相信同伴會接住你，一起努力融入一個小圈子，諸如此類。A.begging乞求、乞討；B.thinking認(rèn)為、思考；C.promising承諾、答應(yīng)；D.trusting信賴、信任。根據(jù)“fallingbackwardand____4____peerstocatchyou”可知，這是一種考驗信任的活動，向后倒，相信同伴能接住你，trusting符合語境。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我準(zhǔn)備參加這些活動。A.lectures講座；B.discussions討論；C.stories故事；D.activities活動。根據(jù)“Iwasreadytoparticipateinthese____5____.”可知，作者是準(zhǔn)備參加上文提到的那些“活動”，activities符合語境。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：單繩支撐過河，這很考驗勇氣，但我能做到。A.manage管理、控制、設(shè)法做到；B.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.change改變、變化；D.need需要。根據(jù)上文的“werenothingtome”和“Crossingoverastreamwithnothingholdingmeupbutaropewasbrave,butIcould____6____it.”可知，向后倒對作者來說不是什么問題，單繩支撐過河雖然考驗勇氣，但是作者也可以做到，此處manage符合語境。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那些太害怕的人被允許在一小塊巖石上練習(xí)攀爬和繩降，但那不適合我。A.motivated積極的、主動的；B.noisy嘈雜的、聒噪的；C.frightened受驚的、害怕的；