課件英語(yǔ)選擇性必修一Unit2Usinglanguage

Unit2OnwardsandupwardsBYMICHELLEUsinglanguage-ingandto-infinitiveasobjectLookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.0,000peoplereadingmyblog!bIlovetophotographtherisingsun,…a.J.D.Salingerstartedwritingshortstoriesinhighschool,...b.J.D.Salingerstartedtowriteshortstoriesinhighschool,...Q1.Dosentences(a)and(b)havethesamemeaning?Yes,theydo.

0,000peoplereadingmyblog!bIlovetophotographtherisingsun,…c.Nevertheless,thesistersdidn’tstoptrying.d.Nevertheless,thesistersdidn’tstoptotry.Q2.Dosentences(c)and(d)havethesamemeaning?No,theydon’t.Activity10,000peoplereadingmyblog!bIlovetophotographtherisingsun,…e.Thesearethewordsthateverywriterdreadsreceiving,...Q3.Can“receiving”insentence(e)bechangedinto“toreceive”?No,itcan’t.NowLookformoresentenceswiththesestructuresinthereadingpassage,andsummarisetheirusesinyourownwords.1.Keeptryingandeventuallyyouwillreadthewords“We'redelightedtoinformyou...”2....threesistersfromVictorianEnglandwhodreamtofseeingtheirwordsinprint.3.However,thiswasatimewhenwomenwerenotencouragedtobecomewriter.4....butlaterstruggledtogethisworkspublished.5...becameanimmediatebest-sellerandwentontosellmillionsandmillionsofcopies.“trying”cannotbereplacedby“totry””Seeing”cannotbereplacedby“tosee”“tobecome”cannotbereplacedby“becoming”“toget”cannotbereplacedby“getting”“tosell”cannotbereplacedby“selling”Inwhatsituationisaverbfollowedby

the-ingformasobject,andinwhichsituationisaverbfollowedbytoinfinitive

asobject?-ingasobject-ingform

是由動(dòng)詞變化而來(lái)，它一方面保留著動(dòng)詞的某些特征，具有動(dòng)詞的某些變化形式，用以表達(dá)名詞所不能表達(dá)的較為復(fù)雜的意念，另一方面它在句子里的用法及功能與名詞類同：在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。-ingform的否定形式在前面之間加not,即not-ingform。Theyrunintoconstantdiscriminationintryingtofindajoborfriend.在尋找工作和結(jié)交朋友方面，他們不斷地受到歧視。Livingindigsmeanshavingoneroominsomeone’shouse.寄居的意思是在別人的家里借住一間房間。-ingform作賓語(yǔ)的用法一在某些動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)（這些動(dòng)詞后不能接toinfinitive)acknowledge承認(rèn)

admit承認(rèn)

advise建議

advocate倡議

allow允許appreciate欣賞

avoid避免

consider考慮

delay推遲

deny否認(rèn)enjoy喜歡

escape逃避

excuse原諒

fancy想象

feellike想要finish完成

forgive原諒

can‘thelp禁不住

hinder阻礙

imagine想象involves涉及

keep保持

mean意思是

mind介意

miss錯(cuò)過(guò)pardon原諒

postpone推遲

practice練習(xí)

prevent阻止

recall回憶report報(bào)告

resent怨恨

resist抵制

risk冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

suggest建議-ingasobject-ingform作賓語(yǔ)的用法二：在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，如：On

leavingschool,hewentintobusiness.Shallwehavearestorgetdownto

doingourwork?（getdownto中的to是介詞）-ingform作賓語(yǔ)的用法三：在形容詞后作賓語(yǔ)，如：Themusiciswellworth

listeningtomorethanonce.Wearebusy

preparingforthecomingsportsmeet.-ingasobject注意，有些動(dòng)介詞搭配中的介詞為to,常常會(huì)被誤以為是toinfinitive,常見(jiàn)的帶介詞to的動(dòng)介詞結(jié)構(gòu)為：

beusedto習(xí)慣

berelatedto與……有關(guān)getdownto著手做

adaptto

適應(yīng)putone’smindto

全神貫注于

giveriseto引起beequalto勝任；等同于

devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于leadto導(dǎo)致

beopposedto反對(duì)lookforwardto盼望

objectto反對(duì)stickto

堅(jiān)持

payattentionto注意lookupto欽佩，羨慕

makecontributionsto做出貢獻(xiàn)adjustto調(diào)整

attendto照看referto指代

seeto

確保1.Theywenton___________(walk)andneverstopped__________(talk).3.Markoftenattemptstoescape___________(fine)beingfinedwheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.4.Hegotwellpreparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn'trisk_______（lose)thegoodopportunity.5.—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowIhaveregret___________(nottake)hisadvice!6.Shortlyafter___________(suffer)fromamassiveearthquakeand_____________(reduce)toruins,thecitytookonanewbook.walkingtalkingbeingfinedlosingnottakingsufferingbeingreduced1.WhenPeterspeaksinpublic,healwayshastrouble___________(think)oftherightthingstosay.2.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan'thelp________________(persuade)intobuyingssomethingtheydon'treallyneed.3.I'mlookingforwardto_________(see)youthissummervacation.4.Ihadgreatdifficulty_________(find)thesuitabledeskinthatrestaurantbecausethereweresomanypeople.5.—MrandMrsWhiteboughtatentjustnow.—Oh，theyareconsidering_________(go)campingthisweekend.6.Ican’timagineTom_______(do)theworkalone.thinkingbeingpersuadedseeingfindinggoingdoingto-infinitiveasobjecttoinfinitive

動(dòng)詞不定式是指動(dòng)詞中的一種不帶詞形變化從而不指示人稱、數(shù)量、時(shí)態(tài)的一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，表示的意義多為“打算”“計(jì)劃”“希望”“將要做某事”等表示未來(lái)的或未做的事，而-ingform表示正在進(jìn)行，一般性或經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的行為。動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式在前面之間加not,即nottoinfinitive。Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司機(jī)沒(méi)能及時(shí)看見(jiàn)另一輛車。Ihappentoknowtheanswertoyourquestion.我碰巧知道你那個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案。toinfinitive作賓語(yǔ)的用法一在某些動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)（這些動(dòng)詞后不能接-ingform)afford付得起

agree同意

aim力求做到

appear顯得

arrange安排ask要求

attempt試圖 want想要

choose決定

claim聲稱decide決定

demand要求

determine決心

endeavor竭力

expect期待fail未能夠

hesitate猶豫

hope希望

learn學(xué)會(huì)

manage設(shè)法neglect疏忽

offer主動(dòng)提出

plan計(jì)劃

prepare準(zhǔn)備

pretend假裝promise答應(yīng)

prove證明

refuse拒絕

resolve決心

seem覺(jué)得好像swear發(fā)誓

tend往往會(huì)

threaten威脅

wish希望

volunteer自愿做to-infinitiveasobjectto-infinitiveasobjecttoinfinitive作賓語(yǔ)的用法二動(dòng)詞+疑問(wèn)詞+不定式，如：Pleaseshowushowtodothat.Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan'tmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.toinfinitive在以下動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式(todo)advise建議

allow允許

believe相信

cause導(dǎo)致

challenge挑戰(zhàn)

compel強(qiáng)迫

declare宣布

encourage鼓勵(lì)

forbid禁止

force強(qiáng)迫

hire雇傭

induce引誘

instruct指導(dǎo)

invite邀請(qǐng)

like喜歡order命令

permit允許

persuade說(shuō)服

remind提醒

request要求require要求

select挑選

send派遣

suppose認(rèn)為

tell告訴

train訓(xùn)練

urge敦促Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.Webelievehimtobeguilty.to-infinitiveasobject-ingform

和toinfinitive在同一個(gè)動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1.在start，begin，love，like，prefer，hate，intend這些動(dòng)詞后面既可以接-ingform也可以接toinfinitive,意義沒(méi)有區(qū)別。2.在以下動(dòng)詞后面既可以接-ingform也可以接toinfinitive，意義有區(qū)別：

remembertodo記得去做某事rememberdoing記得做過(guò)某事forgettodo忘記去做某事forgetdoing忘記做過(guò)某事stoptodo停下來(lái)去做某事stopdoing停止做某事goontodo繼續(xù)做某事（另外一件事）goondoing繼續(xù)做某事（同一件事）regrettodo遺憾地去做某事regretdoing后悔做過(guò)某事trytodo盡力去做某事trydoing嘗試做某事meantodo打算去做某事meandoing意味著/意思是做某事can'thelptodo不能幫忙做某事can'thelpdoing禁不住做某事1.Ican'tthinkof__________(go)tovisitherinhospitalwithout_____________(buy)someflowers.2.Theexaminergavethestudentssometime___________(think).3.Theplayisprogrammed____________(start)at7a.m,sowehavedecided___________(meet)at6:30.4.Iamlookingforwardto___________(see)thefilmagain.5.Iintend___________(study)English___________(understand)Americanbusinessmethods.6.Shestillplans___________(marry)himevenafteherefused___________(buy)heranengagementring.7.Icannotresist___________(eat)fishandchipswhenIaminEngland.8.Sheenjoys___________(go)topartiesand___________(dance)inthediscosallthenightlong.9.Istopped___________(live)inLondonwhenIrealizeditwastimeforme___________(move).10.Don'tforget___________(turn)offtheheatingbefore___________(leave)thehouse.goingbuyingtothinktostarttomeetseeingtostudytounderstandtomarrytobuyeatinggoingdancinglivingtoturntomoveleavingCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Activity2tolivetousetoswim/swimmingswimmingtolearnpractisingplayingWriteareportbasedontheinterviewwiththewordsinthebox.Activity3admit

decide

enjoyfail

regret

wantadmitdecideenjoyfailregretwantJamieWells_____________theBoyScoutsbecausehe___________________himselfaswellasmeetingnewfriends.Hethoughtscoutcampwasfun,butnotwithoutitschallenges!Eachdaybeganwitha5-kilometercross-countryrun-at6am!Atfirsthe_____________thewholeroute.Onthefourthday,hewassotiredthatheevendidn’t___________________.Feelinghomesick,he_________________thescoutcampandwantedtophonehisdadtotakehimhome.Buthedidn’tgiveup.Thingssoongotbetter.Hebecamestrongerandmoreconfidentandmadenewfriends.He_____________ascouthaditschallenges,butitwasworthwhile.failedtofinishdecidedtojoinenjoyedwanttogetoutofbedchallengingregrettedattendingadmittedbeingWorkinpairs.Shareastoryofyourownaboutovercomingchallengesusingthewordsandstructuresinthissectionwhereappropriate.Activity41________

tochangeyourlifebystartingtobeabetterpersonorstoppingabadhabit2________

someonewhoisextremelyenthusiasticandenjoysworkingextremelyhard3________

tonotmakeanyeffort4________verycalmandrelaxed,especiallyinadifficultsituation5________todosomethingveryslowlybecauseyoudonotreallywanttodoit6________

someonewhorefusestojoinin,orwantstostop

otherpeoplehavingfunLookingonthebrightsideActivity5Listentotheconversationsandmatchtheexpressionstotheirmeanings.e

c

a

f

d

b

重新開(kāi)始，改過(guò)自新工作賣力的人袖手旁觀泰然自若故意拖拉，磨磨蹭蹭掃興的人Activity6Puttheexpressionsintotheboxes.Addanymoreyoucanthinkof.PositiveNegativeaneagerbeaverturnoveranewleafcoolasacucumberlikeaducktowater...notliftafingerawetblanketdragone’sfeetafishoutofwater...Activity7Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.Withlifebeingmadeupofupsanddowns,itisnotalwayseasytomaintainagoodandenthusiasticattitude.Nevertheless,lookingonthebrightsideisthebestthingthatwecandoforourselvesaswellasforothers.Agoodattitudecanhaveapositiveeffectonotherpeople.Soifsomeoneyouknowisfeelinglow,lendthemanearandtrytocheerthemup.Remember,yourattitudeiscontagious,somakesureyoupassonagoodone!1.Whyisitimportantto“l(fā)ookonthebrightside”?2.Howcanourattitudeaffectothers?

Becauselookingonthebrightsideisatypeofgoodattitude,whichcanhaveapositiveeffectonotherpeople.Ourattitudeislikelytospreadtoandaffectothers.Ifwehaveagoodattitude,otherswillalsofeelitandbecheeredupbyit.Activity8Listentotheconversationandnumberthepicturesaccordingtothesequenceofevents.1234Activity9Listenagainandcompletethejournalentry.Friday

10MayTodayIcameacrossmyfriendDawei.Helookedsad,soIaskedhimwhatwaswrong.Hesaidthathefailedina1________________________contest.Beforethecontest,hecompetedagainst

agirlatschool.Hewon,buthesaiditwasbecause2________________.Hethoughtthegirlshouldhavegoneto3________________________instead.Ifshehad,theschoolwouldhavebeen4________________.Itriedtomakehimlookonthebrightside,andheadmittedthathehadagoodtimeatthenationalcontest.Hemetsome5________________andhelikedthecity.Healsosaidhisparentsfelt6_________________.IthinkImadehimfeelbetter.nationalEnglishspeakinghewasluckythenationalcompetitio