2024-2025學(xué)年遼寧省五校聯(lián)考高二上學(xué)期期末英語試卷（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1遼寧省五校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語試卷第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ANationalGeographicExhibit“Titanic:TheUntoldStory”TheNationalGeographicMuseumisalwaysaninterestingandeducationalplacetovisit.Theadmissionisn’tfreebutisdefinitelyworthwhileforuniqueexhibitslikethis.We’llbetakingaself-guidedtourbuttheremayalsobemuseumstaffonhand.AbouttheexhibitionOnthisexhibition,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatthesunkenTitanicwasdiscoveredbyRobertBallard,whowasthencarryingoutatopsecretColdWarmission.In1985,Ballard’smissionwastodivetodepthsof9,800feetusingacamerasystemcalledArgotofindanddocumenttheexplodedremainsofthesubmarine(潛艇)Scorpion.Theobjectiveofthemissionwastogainevidencetodeterminewhatledtoherloss.Afterconcludinghissuccessfulinvestigations,Ballardusedthefinal12daysofhisexpeditiontodiscovertheremainsofTitanic.Theexhibition,originallyexhibitedattheRonaldReaganPresidentialLibraryandMuseum,showsthehistoryofthediscoveryfromanentirelynewangle.Notonlyarevisitorsexposedtothehistoricaleventsthatledtotheship’sfinding,buttheycanhearthefascinatingstoriesofsomeofthepassengersonboard.Inadditiontoitemsborrowedfromfamiliesofthesurvivorsthathavenotbeenreunitedsincethenightwhentheshipsankin1912,theexhibitioncontainsthosefromtherichcollectionsoftheNationalArchivesandthe20thCenturyFoxArchives.Therearealsomoviesetsandclotheswornbyactorsfromthe1997movieTitanic.PriceRegular:$15Seniors/Students/Military:$12Children5-12(freeunder5):$1021.Whatcanweknowabouttheexhibition?A.TheremainsoftheTitanicwillbeexhibited.B.Thevisitorswillbeguidedbythemuseumstaff.C.Thevisitorscanknowmanystoriesofthepassengers.D.Itcontainsitemsdonatedbythefamiliesofthesurvivors.22.WhatmayBallardbe?A.AsurvivoroftheTitanic. B.Astaffofthemuseum.C.Asoldierofthenavy. D.Anoceanologist.23.Ifasoldiertakeshisson,afourth-gradestudent,totheexhibition,howmuchshouldhepay?A.$25. B.$22. C.$24. D.$12.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了國家地理博物館的“泰坦尼克：未講述的故事”展覽，包括其發(fā)現(xiàn)歷史、展品內(nèi)容及票價信息?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Abouttheexhibition部分中“Notonlyarevisitorsexposedtothehistoricaleventsthatledtotheship’sfinding,buttheycanhearthefascinatingstoriesofsomeofthepassengersonboard.(參觀者不僅可以了解到導(dǎo)致船只被發(fā)現(xiàn)的歷史事件，還可以聽到船上一些乘客的迷人故事)”可知，參觀者可以知道很多乘客的故事。故選C?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Abouttheexhibition部分中“Onthisexhibition,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatthesunkenTitanicwasdiscoveredbyRobertBallard,whowasthencarryingoutatopsecretColdWarmission.In1985,Ballard’smissionwastodivetodepthsof9,800feetusingacamerasystemcalledArgotofindanddocumenttheexplodedremainsofthesubmarine(潛艇)Scorpion.Theobjectiveofthemissionwastogainevidencetodeterminewhatledtoherloss.Afterconcludinghissuccessfulinvestigations,Ballardusedthefinal12daysofhisexpeditiontodiscovertheremainsofTitanic.(在這個展覽中，你會驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)沉沒的泰坦尼克號是由羅伯特·巴拉德發(fā)現(xiàn)的，當(dāng)時他正在執(zhí)行一項絕密的冷戰(zhàn)任務(wù)。1985年，巴拉德的任務(wù)是使用一種名為Argo的攝像系統(tǒng)下潛到9800英尺的深度，以尋找并記錄潛艇Scorpion爆炸后的殘骸。該任務(wù)的目標(biāo)是獲取證據(jù)以確定其失聯(lián)的原因。在成功完成這些調(diào)查后，巴拉德利用探險隊最后的12天發(fā)現(xiàn)了泰坦尼克號的殘骸)”可知，RobertBallard在1985年執(zhí)行了一次深海潛水任務(wù)時發(fā)現(xiàn)了泰坦尼克號的殘骸。這表明他具備進(jìn)行深海探索的專業(yè)知識和技能，最有可能的職業(yè)是海洋學(xué)家。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Price部分中“Seniors/Students/Military:12；Children5-12(freeunder5):$10(老年人/學(xué)生/軍人：12美元；5至12歲兒童(5歲以下免費))”可知，一個士兵(12美元)帶著他四年級的兒子(10美元)去參觀展覽，總費用為12+10=22(美元)。故選B。BAnativeofFlorida,U.S,HannahHerbst,17,useswaterpowertodealwithenergypoverty.HerbsthasrisentofamewiththedevelopmentofBEACON,anoceanenergyprobethatseekstoofferastablepowersourcetodevelopingcountriesbyusinguntappedenergyfromoceancurrents.ShetoldTeenVogue,“IwasreallyinvolvedintheaterandathleticsandI’mstillreallyintothosethings.WhenIwasintheseventhgrade,Iwasputintoasummercamp.TheminuteIgotthereIrealizedthatIwastheonlygirlintheprogram.Iwantedtoquitatthatmoment.Butmydadtoldme,‘Justtryit.’Itrieditforthatdayanditchangedmylife.”“Atthecamp,westartedbuildingtherobots,whichwassomethingIhadneverdonebeforebutmanyoftheboyshad,andIrealizeditwasaplatformforproblem-solving.Weweresolvingsimpletaskslikehowtopusharobotoffaplatform.Learningfrommypartnersaswellasonlinearticlesabouthowtoprogramandbuildwasreallyinterestingtome,”saidHerbst.Laterthatyear,shereceivedaletterfromherpenpal,Ruth,wholivedinEthiopia,andlearnedthatshewaslivinginenergypovertywithminimalaccesstoelectricityandmedicalsupplies.“IknewthatIwantedtodosomethingtohelp,soIcreatedBEACON.”shesaid.Thedeviceismadefrom90%recycledmaterialseasilyfoundthroughouttheworld,including2-literbottlesandrecycledspoons.Itcosts$12tomakeandcanproduceenoughelectricitytopoweranLEDlight.HannahimaginesBEACONbeingusedindevelopingcountriestopowerpumpsforfreshwaterandsheisworkingonpolishingittogetitavailabletopeopleallovertheworld.24.WhatcanweknowaboutHannahHerbstinthesecondandthirdparagraphs?A.Shejustlikedtolearnhowtobuildrobots.B.Shewantedtostayherebecausesheistheonlygirl.C.Shelearnedatleasttwotechniquesduringthecamp.D.Shewasattractedtothesummercamprightfromthestart.25.HowdidHannahHerbstfeelaftershereceivedaletterfromherpenpal?A.indifferent B.shocked C.light-hearted D.sympathetic26.WhatcanwelearnaboutBEACONfromthearticle?A.Itcosts12dollarseachandstillremainstobeimproved.B.Itisrecyclableandavailabletopeopleacrosstheworld.C.Ithasbeenusedindevelopingcountriestopowerpumps.D.Theelectricityitgeneratescanbeusedwithmanytraditionallamps.27.Whichsectioninthemagazinemightthispassagecomefrom?A.Affairs B.Personage C.Science D.Economics【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了漢娜·赫斯特利用海洋能源解決能源貧困的故事。【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中““Atthecamp,westartedbuildingtherobots,whichwassomethingIhadneverdonebeforebutmanyoftheboyshad,andIrealizeditwasaplatformforproblem-solving.Weweresolvingsimpletaskslikehowtopusharobotoffaplatform.Learningfrommypartnersaswellasonlinearticlesabouthowtoprogramandbuildwasreallyinterestingtome,”saidHerbst.(“在營地，我們開始制作機器人，這是我以前從未做過的事情，但很多男孩都做過，我意識到這是一個解決問題的平臺。我們解決了一些簡單的任務(wù)，比如如何把機器人推下平臺。從我的合作伙伴以及在線文章中學(xué)習(xí)如何編程和構(gòu)建對我來說真的很有趣，”赫布斯特說)”可知，漢娜·赫斯特在夏令營期間至少學(xué)到了兩項技能，即編程和機器人制作。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第四段中“Laterthatyear,shereceivedaletterfromherpenpal,Ruth,wholivedinEthiopia,andlearnedthatshewaslivinginenergypovertywithminimalaccesstoelectricityandmedicalsupplies.“IknewthatIwantedtodosomethingtohelp,soIcreatedBEACON.”shesaid.(那年晚些時候，她收到了住在埃塞俄比亞的筆友露絲的來信，得知她生活在能源匱乏的環(huán)境中，幾乎沒有電力和醫(yī)療用品?！拔抑牢蚁胱鳇c什么來幫助他們，所以我創(chuàng)建了BEACON。”她說)”可知，漢娜·赫斯特在收到筆友的來信后，了解到筆友生活在能源匱乏的環(huán)境中，這讓她感到同情，并決定制作BEACON來幫助解決這個問題。故選D。【26題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Thedeviceismadefrom90%recycledmaterialseasilyfoundthroughouttheworld,including2-literbottlesandrecycledspoons.Itcosts$12tomakeandcanproduceenoughelectricitytopoweranLEDlight.HannahimaginesBEACONbeingusedindevelopingcountriestopowerpumpsforfreshwaterandsheisworkingonpolishingittogetitavailabletopeopleallovertheworld.(該裝置由90%的回收材料制成，這些材料在世界各地都很容易找到，包括2升的瓶子和回收的勺子。它的制造成本為12美元，并能產(chǎn)生足夠的電力來驅(qū)動一盞LED燈。漢娜設(shè)想，BEACON可以在發(fā)展中國家用于為淡水泵提供動力，她正在對其進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，以便讓全世界的人都能使用它)”可知，BEACON是由90%的回收材料制成的，每個造價12美元，仍需改進(jìn)，且漢娜希望它能被用于發(fā)展中國家為淡水泵提供動力。故選A?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“AnativeofFlorida,U.S,HannahHerbst,17,useswaterpowertodealwithenergypoverty.HerbsthasrisentofamewiththedevelopmentofBEACON,anoceanenergyprobethatseekstoofferastablepowersourcetodevelopingcountriesbyusinguntappedenergyfromoceancurrents.(17歲的漢娜·赫布斯特（HannahHerbst）是美國佛羅里達(dá)州人，她利用水力來解決能源短缺問題。赫布斯特因開發(fā)BEACON而聲名鵲起。BEACON是一種海洋能源探測器，旨在利用洋流中未開發(fā)的能源，為發(fā)展中國家提供穩(wěn)定的能源)”可知，文章主要講述了漢娜·赫斯特利用海洋能源解決能源貧困的故事，因此這篇文章可能來自雜志的“人物”版塊。故選B。CCollectingmustbeoneofthemostvariedhumanactivities,andit’sonethatmanyofuspsychologistsfindfascinating.Accumulatinghundredsoreventhousandsofpostcards,chocolatewrappersorwhatever,takestime,energyandmoneythatcouldsurelybeputintomoreproductiveuse.Andyettherearemillionsofcollectorsaroundtheworld.Whydotheydoit?Therearethepeoplewhocollectbecausetheywanttomakemoney.Itcouldbecalledaninstrumental(起作用的)reasonforcollecting;collectingisameanstoachievetheaim.They’lllookfor,forinstance,antiquesthattheycanbuycheaplyandexpecttobeabletosellataprofit.Buttheremaywellbeapsychologicalelement,too.Buyingcheapandsellingdearcangivethecollectorasenseoftriumph.Inaddition,manycollectorscollecttodeveloptheirsociallife,attendingmeetingsofagroupofcollectorsandexchanginginformationonitems.Thisisavariantonjoiningabridgecluboragym,andsimilarlybringsthemintocontactwithlike-mindedpeople.Onereason,consciousornot,forwhatsomeonechoosestocollectistoshowthecollector’sindividualism.Someonewhodecidestocollectsomethingasunexpectedasdogcollars,forinstance,maybeconveyingtheirbeliefthattheymustbeinterestingthemselves.Andbelieveitornot,thereisatleastonedogcollarmuseuminexistence,anditgrewoutofapersonalcollection.Ofcourse,allhobbiesgivepleasure,butthecommonfactorincollectingisusuallypassion:pleasureisputtingitfartoomildly.Morethanmostotherhobbies,collectingcanbetotallyengrossing,andcangiveastrongsenseofpersonalachievement.Tonon-collectors,itmayappearastrangewayofspendingtime,butpotentially,collectinghasalotgoingforitsfuture.28.Whatcanweinferfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Somecollectorsmayendupregardingcollectingasaprofit.B.Collectingloversimproperlyattachpracticalusagetotheircollections.C.Antiquecollectorsmayhaveacompetitiveaiminantiqueconsumption.D.Collectingactivitiesarelikelytobedifferentfromotherhumanactivities.29.Whatdoesthelastbutoneparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.Theuniquenessofcollections.B.Emotionalcauseofcollecting.C.Thepersonalpreferenceofcollectors.D.Possibleextensionofspecificcollecting.30.Whichoftheopinionbelowmayacollectorholdaccordingtothearticle?A.IamspecialbecauseIamacrazycollectorofcandypackages.B.Ibelievecollectinghasaclearfutureoffurtherdevelopment.C.SomeofmycollectingactivitiesoccurwhenIdevelopmysociallife.D.ThereareopponentsaroundmewhothinkIamdoingsomethingodd.31.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?A.TheVarietiesofCollecting. B.TheMotivesforCollecting.C.ThePopularityofCollecting. D.TheDevelopmentofCollecting.【答案】28.A29.C30.A31.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人們收藏行為的心理動機和其多樣性?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Therearethepeoplewhocollectbecausetheywanttomakemoney.Itcouldbecalledaninstrumental(起作用的)reasonforcollecting;collectingisameanstoachievetheaim.They’lllookfor,forinstance,antiquesthattheycanbuycheaplyandexpecttobeabletosellataprofit.(有些人收集是因為他們想賺錢。這可以被稱為收藏的工具性原因；收集是實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的手段。例如，他們會尋找可以便宜購買并有望盈利的古董。)”可推知，一些收藏家最終可能會把收藏看作是一種利潤。故選A項?！?9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Onereason,consciousornot,forwhatsomeonechoosestocollectistoshowthecollector’sindividualism.Someonewhodecidestocollectsomethingasunexpectedasdogcollars,forinstance,maybeconveyingtheirbeliefthattheymustbeinterestingthemselves.Andbelieveitornot,thereisatleastonedogcollarmuseuminexistence,anditgrewoutofapersonalcollection.(有人選擇收藏的一個原因，無論是否有意識，都是為了展示收藏家的個人主義。例如，決定收集像狗項圈這樣出乎意料的東西的人，可能是在傳達(dá)他們自己一定很有趣的信念。不管你信不信，至少有一個狗項圈博物館存在，它是由個人收藏發(fā)展而來的。)”可知，本段主要講述了收藏家選擇收藏品的個人偏好，以及這種偏好如何展現(xiàn)他們的個人主義。所以本段的主要關(guān)注的是收藏家的個人偏好。故選C項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Onereason,consciousornot,forwhatsomeonechoosestocollectistoshowthecollector’sindividualism.(有人選擇收藏的一個原因，無論是否有意識，都是為了展示收藏家的個人主義。)”可知，收藏行為可以是為了展示收藏者的個性，所以A選項IamspecialbecauseIamacrazycollectorofcandypackages.(我很特別，因為我是一個瘋狂的糖果包裝收藏家。)符合收藏家的觀點，收藏者通過這種獨特的收藏行為，很可能是想傳達(dá)自己與眾不同、是個特別的人的信念，與原文中通過收藏展示個性的表述相符。故選A項。【31題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“Collectingmustbeoneofthemostvariedhumanactivities,andit’sonethatmanyofuspsychologistsfindfascinating.Accumulatinghundredsoreventhousandsofpostcards,chocolatewrappersorwhatever,takestime,energyandmoneythatcouldsurelybeputintomoreproductiveuse.Andyettherearemillionsofcollectorsaroundtheworld.Whydotheydoit?(收集一定是人類最多樣化的活動之一，我們許多心理學(xué)家都覺得這很有趣。積累數(shù)百甚至數(shù)千張明信片、巧克力包裝紙或其他任何東西需要時間、精力和金錢，而這些肯定可以投入到更有成效的用途中。然而，世界各地有數(shù)百萬收藏家。他們?yōu)槭裁催@么做？)”可知，文章主要探討了人們進(jìn)行收藏的動機。因此最合適的標(biāo)題為B項TheMotivesforCollecting(收藏的動機)。故選B項。DShoppersintheUKarespendinglessmoneyontoiletpapertosavemoney,theresearchhasshown.Penny-pinchingUKconsumerschoosecheaperproductsfromdiscounterssuchasAldiandLidlratherthanluxuryalternatives.Thishaswiped6%offthevalueofthesofttissuepapermarketintheUK.Ithasshrunkfrom￡1.19billionin2021to￡1.12billionin2023,accordingtoanewreportfromthemarketresearchcompanyMintel.Furthermore,thefutureofthemarketlooksfarfromrosy,withsalesexpectedtofallfurtherto￡1.11billionin2026.Inthelastyearalone,despiteanincreaseintheUKpopulationandasubsequentriseinthenumberofhouseholds,salesoftoiletpaperfellby2%,withtheaveragehouseholdreducingtheirtoiletrollspendingfrom￡43in2022to￡41in2023.Overall,almostthreeinfivepeoplesaytheytrytolimittheirusageofpaper—includingfacialtissueandkitchenroll—tosavemoney.“Strength,softnessandthicknessremaintheleadingindicatorsoftoiletpaperquality”saidMintelanalystJackDuckett.“Extrafeatureslikeflowersandperfumesmellsaredeemedunnecessarybythemajorityofshoppers,whichprobablyreflectshowthesetypesofproductsaretypicallymoreexpensivethanregulartoiletpaper,evenwhenonspecialoffer.”Whileconsumersarespendinglessontoiletpaper,theyremainfastidious—intheoryatleast—whenitcomestopaperquality.TopofBritons’toiletpaperwishlistissoftness(57%)followedbystrength(45%)andthickness(36%).Oneintenbuyersranktoiletrollsmadefromrecycledpaperamongtheirtopconsiderations,highlightingthattheenvironmentismuchlessofaconsiderationforshoppersthanproductquality.Inachallengeformanufacturers,81%ofpaperproductuserssaidtheywouldconsiderbuyingrecycledtoilettissueifitwerecomparableinqualitytostandardpaper.32.Whatwillthedevelopmenttrendofthetissuepapermarketlooklikeinthefuture?A.Itwillremaindepressing. B.Itwillexpandintime.C.Itwillbeunpredictable. D.Itwillrecoveraspopulationgrows.33.WhatdoesJackDuckettthinkabouttoiletpaper?A.Consumersareloyaltocertainbrands.B.Specialofferswouldpromoteitssales.C.Luxuriousfeaturesaddmuchtotheprice.D.Consumersaremorelikelytochoosetoiletpaperofbetterquality.34.Whichofthewordsbelowcanbestexplaintheunderlinedwordinthesixthparagraph?A.casual B.picky C.uncertain D.mean35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.MoreandmoreBritonsbuyrecycledtoiletpapertoprotecttheenvironment.B.Toiletpapermanufacturersarefacingagreatchallengeinpromotingitssales.C.Toiletpapermanufacturerscompetewithoneanothertoimproveproductquality.D.EnvironmentalprotectionisnotmuchofaconcernwhenBritonsbuytoiletpaper.【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了英國消費者在節(jié)省花費下對廁紙消費的變化趨勢及市場挑戰(zhàn)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Furthermore,thefutureofthemarketlooksfarfromrosy,withsalesexpectedtofallfurtherto￡1.11billionin2026.(此外，市場的未來看起來遠(yuǎn)非樂觀，預(yù)計2026年的銷售額將進(jìn)一步降至11.1億英鎊)”可知，未來的市場前景不好，估計2016年銷售額將進(jìn)一步降至11.1億英鎊，即它將繼續(xù)是令人沮喪的。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Extrafeatureslikeflowersandperfumesmellsaredeemedunnecessarybythemajorityofshoppers,whichprobablyreflectshowthesetypesofproductsaretypicallymoreexpensivethanregulartoiletpaper,evenwhenonspecialoffer.(大多數(shù)購物者認(rèn)為鮮花和香水味等額外功能是不必要的，這可能反映了這些類型的產(chǎn)品通常比普通衛(wèi)生紙更貴，即使在特價時也是如此)”可知，JackDuckett認(rèn)為鮮花和香水味等額外功能使得這些類型的產(chǎn)品通常比普通衛(wèi)生紙更貴，即豪華的功能大大增加了衛(wèi)生紙的價格。故選C?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第六段“Whileconsumersarespendinglessontoiletpaper,theyremainfastidious—intheoryatleast—whenitcomestopaperquality.TopofBritons’toiletpaperwishlistissoftness(57%)followedbystrength(45%)andthickness(36%).(雖然消費者在衛(wèi)生紙上的支出減少了，但至少在理論上，他們在紙張質(zhì)量方面仍然fastidious。英國人最想要的衛(wèi)生紙是柔軟度（57%），其次是強度（45%）和厚度（36%）)”可知，英國人想要的衛(wèi)生紙的柔軟度、強度和厚度都有明確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，由此可推知，英國人在紙張質(zhì)量方面仍然是挑剔的，劃線單詞意為“挑剔的”，與picky意義相近。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Oneintenbuyersranktoiletrollsmadefromrecycledpaperamongtheirtopconsiderations,highlightingthattheenvironmentismuchlessofaconsiderationforshoppersthanproductquality.Inachallengeformanufacturers,81%ofpaperproductuserssaidtheywouldconsiderbuyingrecycledtoilettissueifitwerecomparableinqualitytostandardpaper.(十分之一的買家將再生紙制成的衛(wèi)生紙列為他們的首要考慮因素，強調(diào)對購物者來說，環(huán)境遠(yuǎn)不如產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量重要。在制造商面臨的挑戰(zhàn)中，81%的紙制品用戶表示，如果再生衛(wèi)生紙的質(zhì)量與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)紙相當(dāng)，他們會考慮購買再生衛(wèi)生紙)”可知，在質(zhì)量相當(dāng)?shù)那疤嵯?，很多紙制品購買者會考慮購買再生衛(wèi)生紙，由此可推知，當(dāng)英國人購買衛(wèi)生紙時，環(huán)境保護(hù)并不是一個太大的考慮因素。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。StopBeingaPeoplePleaserIfyoustruggletosaynoorfinditdifficulttoexpressyourownneeds,itmightbetimetoputyourselffirst.Onthesurface,beingapeoplepleasermightseemlikejustbeingabittoonice,alwayssayingyestoeveryone.____36____Itmightbesoautomaticthatyoudon’tevenrealizeyou’redoingit.Signsshowingyou’reapeoplepleaserTherearevarioustypesofpeoplepleasersandthecommonsignsincludeneverexpressingyourownneedsorideasandconstantlysayingyestoothers’plans,whetheratwork,athome,orwithfriends.“Theyappearagreeableandeasy-goingbutareactuallydisadvantagingthemselvesbyprioritizingeveryoneelse,”Johnson,atherapistatBACP,explains.____37____Thisbehaviourislikelyanunconsciousresponselearnedasacopingmechanismfrompastexperiences.Wheredoesitcomefrom?Growingupinahouseholdorbeinginrelationshipswhereobedienceandkeepingthepeacewereencouragedcanleadtothesepatternscontinuingintoadulthood.____38____Inextremecases,peoplemayhaveonlyreceivedlovewhenfollowingothers’needs,makingthemfeelforcedtokeepgiving.Long-termdamageSuppressingyouremotionscanleadtolong-termanxiety,depression,andfear-basedresponses,Johnsonnotes.Pleasingothersattheexpenseofyourselfreinforcesthebeliefthatyou’renotworthyorlovable.____39____“Yougivepeoplepermissiontosteponyou,butinside,you’rehurtandfeelrejectedandunheard,”saysJohnson.____40____Remember,it’snotyourmistake.Beproudthatyoufoundawaytosurviveandgiveyourselfpermissiontoletgoofthatbehavior.Stopseekingapprovalforthingsyoudon’tneedto.Practisebeingassertive—itdoesn’tmeanbeingaggressivebutexpressingyourpreferences,likewhereyouwanttogofordinner.Learningtoputyourselffirstcanbechallenging,butit’sessentialforyourwell-being.A.Howcanyoustoppeoplepleasing?B.Howtostopfindingyourownfault?C.Withoutboundaries,youmayfeelisolatedandmisunderstood.D.Peoplepleasersoftensay“sorry”andarehabituallyindecisive.E.Setboundariesandstartsayingnotothingsthatcauseyoustress.F.Anoverbearingparentcanleadtoachildstrugglingwithindependencelaterinlife.G.However,therapistswarnthatitcouldbeharmingyouremotionalandmentalhealth.【答案】36.G37.D38.F39.C40.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要分析了討好者的特征、成因及其對心理健康的影響，并建議設(shè)定界限和自我優(yōu)先?！?6題詳析】上文“Onthesurface,beingapeoplepleasermightseemlikejustbeingabittoonice,alwayssayingyestoeveryone.(從表面上看，討人喜歡似乎有點太好了，總是對每個人說“是”)”說明表面上看，討人喜歡是“好”的，G項“然而，治療師警告說，這可能會損害你的情緒和心理健康?！迸c上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明實際上討人喜歡可能會損害你的健康，符合題意。故選G?！?7題詳析】上文““Theyappearagreeableandeasy-goingbutareactuallydisadvantagingthemselvesbyprioritizingeveryoneelse,”Johnson,atherapistatBACP,explains.(BACP的治療師約翰遜解釋說：“他們看起來很隨和，但實際上因為優(yōu)先考慮其他人而使自己處于不利地位?！?”說明討人喜歡的人看起來隨和的原因，D項“討人喜歡的人經(jīng)常說“對不起”，并且習(xí)慣性地猶豫不決?！边M(jìn)一步說明討人喜歡的人經(jīng)常做的事情，并引出下文“Thisbehaviourislikelyanunconsciousresponselearnedasacopingmechanismfrompastexperiences.(這種行為可能是一種無意識的反應(yīng)，是從過去的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到的應(yīng)對機制)”，說明討人喜歡的人的行為產(chǎn)生的原因，D項承上啟下，符合題意。故選D?！?8題詳析】上文“Growingupinahouseholdorbeinginrelationshipswhereobedienceandkeepingthepeacewereencouragedcanleadtothesepatternscontinuingintoadulthood.(在一個家庭中或者在鼓勵服從和保持和平的關(guān)系中長大，可能會導(dǎo)致這些模式持續(xù)到成年)”說明家庭關(guān)系可能會導(dǎo)致討人喜歡這種模式持續(xù)到成年，F(xiàn)項“專橫的父母可能會導(dǎo)致孩子在以后的生活中難以獨立?！迸e例說明家庭中，專橫的父母可能會導(dǎo)致這種情況，承接上文，符合題意。故選F?！?9題詳析】上文“Pleasingothersattheexpenseofyourselfreinforcesthebeliefthatyou’renotworthyorlovable.(以犧牲自己為代價討人喜歡，會強化你不值得或不可愛的信念)”以及下文““Yougivepeoplepermissiontosteponyou,butinside,you’rehurtandfeelrejectedandunheard,”saysJohnson.(約翰遜說：“你允許別人踩你，但在內(nèi)心深處，你感到受傷，被拒絕和被忽視?！?”說明討人喜歡會使得你感覺受傷，C項“沒有界限，你可能會感到孤立和被誤解?！闭f明犧牲自己以討人喜歡，會導(dǎo)致你感覺受傷，承上啟下，符合題意。故選C。【40題詳析】下文“Remember,it’snotyourmistake.Beproudthatyoufoundawaytosurviveandgiveyourselfpermissiontoletgoofthatbehavior.Stopseekingapprovalforthingsyoudon’tneedto.Practisebeingassertive—itdoesn’tmeanbeingaggressivebutexpressingyourpreferences,likewhereyouwanttogofordinner.(記住，這不是你的錯。為你找到了生存的方法而感到自豪，并允許自己放棄這種行為。不要為不需要的事情尋求認(rèn)可。練習(xí)自信——這并不意味著咄咄逼人，而是表達(dá)你的偏好，比如你想去哪里吃飯)”說明討人喜歡這種行為并不是錯誤，A項“你怎么能阻止人們討人喜歡呢？”引出下文內(nèi)容，說明討人喜歡這種行為有時是無法被阻止的，符合題意。故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Asastrategistofacompany,Ihavelongbeenaccustomedto____41____withanairofauthority.Constantlyplayingtheroleoftheall-knowingexpert,however,hasproventobeextremelyannoyingandexhausting.Seekinganescapefromthedullroutine,Ifoundmyselfonasun-bakedsandybeach,atotal____42____inthesurfingdomain,withasurfboardclutchedfirmlyundermyarm.Myheart____43____withablendofuneasinessandanticipation,readytobreakawayfrommytiresomeroutineandwelcometheunknown.Myinstructordirectedmyattentiontothethunderous,five-footwavespoundingviolentlyontotheshore.Withgreatpatienceandskill,he____44____thepropertechniqueforpushingtheboardthroughthewhirlingwaters.Whenwewerefinallywaist-deep,he____45____showedmehowtoperformasmoothturnandslipbacktothesafetyofthe____46____.Thenextattempt,I____47____ontotheboardinaclumsyway.Iplacedbothhandsfirmlyonitssurfaceandjumped,onlyto____48____withawetthud(砰然聲)onmystomach.ButthemomentImanagedtostandunsteadilyontheboardforthefirsttime,aprofoundsenseofdelightwashedoverme,erasinganysignof____49____.Afterseveralmoreunsuccessfultries,Ispranguponcemore,eagerforanother____50____ride.Ipushedmyselfagainandagain,understandingthateach____51____wasasteppingstonetowardsultimatesuccess,andthesheerjoyofthenewexperience____52____mypassionforexplorationwithinme.Afterweeksofdedicatedpractice,my___53___graduallybecamemorefluidandgraceful.Myjourneyoflearningtosurfallowedmetotastethefreedomthat____54____surferscherishalot.Mostsignificantly,Igraspedthecruciallessonthatratherthanmaintainingtheappearanceoftheall-knowingexpert,Ishouldapproachtheworldwithnever-endingcuriosity,readyto____55____whateverchallengesandwonderslieinstore.41.A.breakingup B.endingup C.showingup D.catchingup42.A.consultant B.participant C.professional D.beginner43.A.ached B.raced C.sank D.leaped44.A.promoted B.demonstrated C.mastered D.investigated45.A.expertly B.cautiously C.awkwardly D.desperately46.A.horizon B.island C.shore D.district47.A.marched B.climbed C.dropped D.shifted48.A.land B.surf C.burst D.wander49.A.innocence B.contentment C.embarrassment D.relief50.A.thrilling B.practical C.romantic D.smooth51.A.fault B.conflict C.victory D.failure52.A.interpreted B.contained C.aroused D.confused53.A.performances B.movements C.gestures D.styles54.A.experienced B.innovative C.humble D.demanding55.A.attain B.decline C.confirm D.embrace【答案】41.C42.D43.B44.B45.A46.C47.B48.A49.C50.A51.D52.C53.B54.A55.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者從職場權(quán)威到?jīng)_浪新手的探索經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：作為一家公司善于籌劃部署的人，我早就習(xí)慣了帶著權(quán)威的神情出現(xiàn)。A.

breakingup分手；B.

endingup結(jié)束；C.

showingup出現(xiàn)；D.

catchingup迎頭趕上。根據(jù)下文“Constantlyplayingtheroleoftheall-knowingexpert”可知，作者扮演的是無所不知的角色，由此推知，作者習(xí)慣帶著權(quán)威的神情出現(xiàn)在人們面前。故選C項。【42題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：逃離了無聊的日常生活，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一個陽光明媚的沙灘上，沖浪領(lǐng)域的初學(xué)者，胳膊下緊緊地抓著一塊沖浪板。A.

consultant顧問；B.

participant參與者；C.

professional專業(yè)人士；D.

beginner初學(xué)者。根據(jù)下文“Thenextattempt,I____ontotheboardinaclumsyway.”可知，作者是在開始學(xué)習(xí)沖浪，在沖浪方面作者是初學(xué)者。故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的心伴隨著不安與期待的混合而加速跳動，準(zhǔn)備擺脫枯燥的日常，迎接未知。A.

ached疼痛；B.

raced猛跳，極速跳動；C.

sank下沉；D.

leaped躍動。根據(jù)下文“withablendofuneasinessandanticipation,readytobreakawayfrommytiresomeroutineandwelcometheunknown”以及常識可知，迎接未知時，人會感覺不安與期待，心跳加速。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他以極大的耐心和技巧，展示了在旋轉(zhuǎn)的水中推板的正確技巧。A.

promoted提升；B.

demonstrated演示；C.

mastered掌握；D.

investigated調(diào)查。根據(jù)下文“thepropertechniqueforpushingtheboardthroughthewhirlingwaters”以及句中he指代上文的Myinstructor可知，教練會演示正確的技巧。故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們終于到齊腰深時，他熟練地教我如何平穩(wěn)轉(zhuǎn)彎，滑回安全的岸邊。A.

expertly熟練地；B.

cautiously小心地；C.

awkwardly笨拙地；D.

desperately絕望地。根據(jù)下文“showedmehowtoperformasmoothturnandslipback”以及常識可知，教練在教授時應(yīng)該是熟練地。故選A項?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.

horizon地平線；B.

island島；C.

shore岸邊；D.

district區(qū)域。根據(jù)上文“thesafetyof”以及常識可知，沖浪是在海域，所以最終需要回到岸邊。故選C項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：下一次嘗試，我笨拙地爬上了木板。A.

marched進(jìn)軍；B.

climbed爬上；C.

dropped掉落；D.

shifted轉(zhuǎn)移，快速移動。根據(jù)下文“ontotheboard”可知，此處表示作者爬上沖浪板。故選B項?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我把雙手牢牢地放在它的表面上，跳了起來，結(jié)果卻砰地摔在了地上。A.

land著陸；B.

surf沖浪；C.

burst爆發(fā)；D.

wander漫步。根據(jù)下文“withawetthud(砰然聲)onmystomach”可知，此處表示作者被摔在了地上，land在此表示落在特定地方，故選A項。【49題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我第一次搖搖晃晃地站在板上時，一種深深的喜悅感涌上心頭，抹去了任何尷尬的跡象。A.

innocence天真；B.

contentment滿足；C.

embarrassment尷尬；D.

relief放松。根據(jù)上文“Iplacedbothhandsfirmlyonitssurfaceandjumped,onlyto____

withawetthud(砰然聲)onmystomach.”可知，作者之前摔倒時感到尷尬，這種感覺被喜悅沖淡。故選C項?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過幾次不成功的嘗試，我再次跳起來，渴望再一次驚險刺激的騎行。A.

thrilling刺激的；B.

practical實用的；C.

romantic浪漫的；D.

smooth平滑的