2018屆中考英語基礎(chǔ)知識復(fù)習(xí)檢測10

八年級(下)Units1—2,中考基礎(chǔ)知識梳理類別課標(biāo)考點要求詞匯攻關(guān)1.stomach→(名詞)胃痛，腹痛________2．foot→(復(fù)數(shù))________3．own→(名詞)________4．break→(形容詞)________5．train→(名詞)________6．kind→(名詞)________7.climb→(名詞)________8．strong→(反義詞)________9．feel→(名詞)________→(過去式)________10．tooth→(復(fù)數(shù))________→(名詞)牙痛________短語歸納1.感冒________________2．胃痛________________3．躺下________________4．量體溫________________5．發(fā)燒________________6．休息________________7．下車________________8．使……驚訝的是；出乎……的意料________________9．立即，馬上________________10．陷入，參與________________11．習(xí)慣于……________________12．冒險________________13．用盡，耗盡________________14．切除________________15．離開，從……出來________________16．掌管，管理________________17.放棄________________18．打掃(或清除)干凈________________19．(使)變得更高興，振奮起來________________20．分發(fā)，散發(fā)________________21．想出，提出________________22．推遲________________23．分發(fā)________________24．打電話給(某人)，征召________________25．照顧，非常喜歡________________26．參加……選拔，試用________________27．修理，裝飾________________28．贈送，捐贈________________29．(外貌或行為)像________________30．建立，設(shè)立________________31．影響，有作用________________32．幫助……走出困境________________句型再現(xiàn)1.“你怎么啦？”“我背痛?！薄猒_______________？—I________________．2．我該怎么辦？________________I________？3．“我應(yīng)該放些藥在上面嗎？”“應(yīng)該。/不應(yīng)該?！薄猒_______________putsomemedicineonit?—Yes，________．/No，________．4．昨天上午9：00，26路公交車正行駛在中華路上，這時司機看到一位老人躺在路邊。At9：00a．m.yesterday，busNo.26________________ZhonghuaRoadwhenthedriver________anoldman________onthesideoftheroad.5．有人頭部受到撞擊。Someone________onthehead.6.作為一名登山者，阿倫習(xí)慣于冒險。Asamountainclimber，Aron________risks.7．他們給我講過去的生活經(jīng)歷，講過去是什么樣子的。Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthings________________．8．她在四歲時就能獨自看書了。Shecouldread________________．9．有了你的幫助，我才有可能擁有“Lucky”。Youhelpedto________________formetohaveLucky.10．我喜愛動物，我對擁有一條狗這個想法感到興奮。IloveanimalsandIwas________________theidea________________.語法結(jié)構(gòu)1.情態(tài)動詞should的用法。2．常用的動詞詞組的用法。話題1.Healthandfirstaid(健康與急救)2．Volunteeringandcharity(志愿服務(wù)與慈善),貴陽五年中考真題演練◆詞匯類()1.(2013貴陽39題)Manyteenagershavehobbies，sometimesthesehobbiescan________thewayofschoolwork.A．getinB．getupC．geton()2.(2015貴陽41題)WhenBobisupsetortired，hepreferscomediesthatcan________.A．lookupB．cleanthemupC．cheerhimup()3.(2012貴陽42題)Jininghassixteenbrokenbikesto________andgiveawaytokidswhodon'thavebikes.A．fixupB．setupC．putup◆反身代詞4．(2013貴陽92題)Fastfood________isn'talwaysbadforyoubuttoomuchofitisnotgood.(it)()5.(2014貴陽41題)Thelittlekidisjusttwoyearsold.He'stooyoungtotakecareof________.A．hisB．himC．himself()6.(2015貴陽32題)Bobhurt________inthebasketballmatchatschoolyesterdayafternoon.A．myselfB．himselfC．herself◆非謂語動詞7．(2012貴陽90題)Teenagersshouldn'tbeallowed________theirearspierced.Thisistheschoolrule.(get，toget)()8.(2012貴陽44題)IttookJanetthreehours________readingthisinterestingstory.A．tofinishB．finishedC．finishing9．(2015貴陽87題)Myteachersalwaysencourageus________(study)hardondifferentsubjects.10．(2013貴陽95題)Mymotherasksme________milkeverymorningbecauseitisgoodforme.(drink)◆情態(tài)動詞()11.(2014貴陽中考)Inordertomakeourcitymorebeautiful,moretreesandflowers________everyyear.A．willplantB．shouldplantC．shouldbeplanted()12.(2012貴陽中考)“Whosenotebookisthis？”“It________Jim's.Ithashisnameonit.”A．can'tbeB．mustbeC．canbe,貴陽中考重難點突破giveup放棄【考點搶測】1．整天玩電腦游戲?qū)δ愕慕】涤泻ΑＤ銘?yīng)該放棄它。Playingcomputergamesalldayisbadforyourhealth.Youshould________________________．2．你應(yīng)該戒煙。Youshould________________________．()3.(2014襄陽中考)Hefailedtobreaktheworldrecordforlongjumpmanytimes，buthenever________hishope.A．tookoffB．putawayC．gaveup【滿分點撥】giveup的用法(1)giveup是動副短語，后接代詞作賓語時，必須放在兩詞中間。(2)giveup后接動詞時需用動詞的-ing形式，相當(dāng)于stopdoingsth.。【歸納拓展】give的相關(guān)短語cheerup(使)變得更高興；振奮起來【考點搶測】4．振作起來吧！你的困難不久就會過去的。________________！Yourtroublewillsoonbeover.5．橙色能帶給我們成功，使我們振作。Orangecanbringussuccessand________us________．()6.(2014安徽中考)—Wefailedinthesingingcompetition.—________．Bettertimesarewaitingforyou.A．NowayB．BestwishesC．Cheerup【滿分點撥】cheerup的用法(1)cheerup也可以單獨使用，表示“變得高興，振奮起來”。(2)cheersb.up意為“使某人高興起來”，相當(dāng)于makesb.happy。如果賓語是名詞或詞組，可放在cheerup的中間或后面，若是代詞作賓語，則只能放在cheerup的中間。【歸納拓展】本單元中up短語troublen．問題；苦惱【考點搶測】7．不要嘲笑處于困境中的人。Don'tlaughatthepeople________________．8．Wehavesometrouble________(work)outtheproblem.()9.(2014福州中考)—Jack，Ihave________workingoutthemathproblem.—Don'tworry.Letmehelpyou.A．funB．troubleC．experience【滿分點撥】trouble的用法【歸納拓展】trouble作動詞，意為“打擾；使煩惱”，常用搭配為：troublesb.todosth.麻煩某人做某事besorrytotroublesb.很抱歉打擾某人【一言辨異】Don'ttroubletroubletilltroubletroublesyou.麻煩沒找你，你別找麻煩。raisev．募集；征集【考點搶測】raise，rise10．Theriver________aftertheheavyrain.11．Thewater________anothermeterandpeoplebecameworried.12．He________hisvoicesothateverybodycouldhearhim.13．Ifyou________anypets，please________yourhands.14．Everybody________whenheenteredtheroom.15．(2014來賓中考)Manystars________(籌集)moneyforhomelesschildrennowadays.Theyaresokind.【滿分點撥】辨析raise和rise兩個詞都有“舉起、提高、升起”之意，但其用法不盡相同。rise不及物動詞上升，上漲，提高不規(guī)則動詞，過去式rose，過去分詞為risenraise及物動詞使升高；提高；飼養(yǎng)規(guī)則動詞，過去式和過去分詞均為raised【圖解助記】辨析repair，mend與fix【考點搶測】repair，mend，fix16．Iamgoingtohavemybike________tomorrow.17．Sheis________hershoes.18．Theworkersare________themachine.()19.Mybrothercan________thisbrokenchair.A．repairB．mendC．fix【滿分點撥】詞匯不同例句repairrepair常指損失重大或構(gòu)造較復(fù)雜的事物，如房屋、汽車、橋梁的修理。也可指修鞋Maryrepairedtheradiojustforthefunofit.瑪麗修理收音機只是為了消遣。Iamgoingtohavemybikerepairedtomorrow.我打算明天找人把自行車修理一下。mendmend著重指修補小至日常用具，大到較復(fù)雜的物體。很多時候可與repair互換Canyoumendabrokendish？你能修理破碟子嗎？Sheismendinghershoes.她正在修理她的鞋子。fixfix則側(cè)重于“安裝”，有時也用作“修理”Theworkersarefixingthemachine.工人們在安裝機器。Haveyouhadyourwatchfixed？你已找人修你的表了嗎？difficultyn．困難，難題【考點搶測】20．Ihave________(difficult)readingattimes.21．當(dāng)你做決定有困難時，可以打電話給我。Youcancallmeifyouhave________________decision.()22.(2014咸寧中考)—Doyouhaveanydifficultyin________English?—Yes，butItrytomakemyself________．A．tospeak；understoodB．speaking；understandC．tospeak；tounderstand【滿分點撥】difficult，difficultly與difficulty的用法辨析difficult形容詞“困難的”，作定語、表語或賓語補足語difficultly副詞“困難地”，作狀語difficulty名詞havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困難—What'sthematter？—怎么了？—Ihaveastomachache.—我胃痛?！究键c搶測】()23.(2014云南中考)—Youlookreallytired.________？—Ididn'tsleepwelllastnight.Ihadaheadache.A．HowaboutyouB．WhatshouldIdoC．What'sthematter【滿分點撥】(1)What'sthematter？意為“怎么了？”常用來詢問身體有什么不適或有什么不順心的事，也可以用來詢問某物出了什么故障，后面可接withsb./sth.，表示“某人或某物怎么了？”。(2)由-ache構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞(3)“have＋a＋名詞”型短語【歸納拓展】ShouldItakemytemperature？我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎？【考點搶測】()24.(2015東營中考)Afteryoureadthearticle“Whyfastfoodisslowlykillingyou”，you________stopeatingfastfood.A．mayB．havetoC．should【滿分點撥】(1)should作情態(tài)動詞，有實際的詞義，但它不可單獨作謂語，須與動詞原形連用，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。如：Youshouldworkharder.你應(yīng)該更努力地工作。(2)常用句型：Youshould/shouldn'tdosth.“你(不)應(yīng)該做某事”?！緶剀疤崾尽縮hould表示預(yù)測和可能性，意為“應(yīng)該；可能”。如：Weshouldarrivebysuppertime.我們在晚飯時間應(yīng)該能到了。Sheshouldbehereatanymoment.她隨時都可能來。

,高頻話題寫作指導(dǎo)健康與急救◆寫作導(dǎo)圖從全國近五年“健康與急救”相關(guān)話題書面表達的命題來看，此類作文命題通常有以下兩個角度的內(nèi)容：1．保持健康已經(jīng)成為人們關(guān)注的熱點話題之一，健康包括哪些方面、中學(xué)生面臨的健康問題、保持健康的重要性。2．如何保持健康成為命題點。結(jié)合貴陽考情，可以預(yù)測第二種考查角度幾率更大。howtokeephealthy——diet——don'teattoomuchrichfood，likemeat—eatfruitandvegetables—drinkmilk—nojunkfood—exercise——run—playbasketball—doyoga—sleep——gotobedearlyandgetupearly—don'tstayup◆亮點句型速成常用句型：Anursegavemeaninjection.Itwasalittlepainful.推薦句型：→Anursegavemeaninjectionwhichwasalittlepainful.常用句型：Youmustn'tsmoke.It'sbadforyourhealth.推薦句型：→Youmustn'tsmokebecauseit'sbadforyourhealth.(一)開頭句：1．Itisveryimportanttokeephealthy.(二)中間句：2．Wecan'tgotosleeptoolate.Wecan'tgetuptoolate.3．Weshouldeatthefoodhealthily.4．Weshoulddomoreexercise.5．Ididn'tfeellikeeatinganything.6．Idecidedtoseethedoctor.7．Inthedoctor'soffice，thedoctorlooksmeovercarefully.8．Hetoldmetotakearestanddrinkmorewater.9．Thedoctoraskedmetotakethemedicinethreetimesaday.10．Afewdayslater，Ifeltbetter.FromthenonIbelievethatkeepinghealthyisthemostimportantthingintheworld.(三)結(jié)尾句：11．Alotofvegetableshelpyoutokeepingoodhealth.12．Pleasedrinkenoughwatereveryday.13．Weshoulddomoreexercisetostayhealthy.14．Don'tgetstressedout.It'snothealthy.15．Youshouldgotobedearlyandgetupearly.16．It'seasytohaveahealthylifestyle，andit'simportanttoeatabalanceddiet.◆寫作模板Nowadays，moreandmorepeopleknowtheimportanceofkeepinghealthy.Forme，thereare幾種方法tokeephealthy.Firstly，itisnecessaryto觀點一．Secondly，weshouldn't觀點二．Thirdly，itisimportantto觀點三．Ifpeoplefollowthesethreewaysofkeepingfit，theywillfind健康會有怎樣的改善?！舻淅饰龈鶕?jù)以下提示，請以“Howtokeephealthy”為題寫一篇短文，從良好的生活習(xí)慣，適當(dāng)?shù)捏w育鍛煉以及健康的飲食習(xí)慣等方面，為那些生活習(xí)慣欠佳、缺乏鍛煉的朋友提出良好的建議。(要求意思連貫、表達準(zhǔn)確，詞數(shù)80詞左右)參考詞匯：熬夜(stayup)；垃圾食品(junkfood)；挑剔(beparticularabout)；定時定量(havemealsregularly)【審題指導(dǎo)】細(xì)讀所給的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1．就“保持健康”提出建議，全文用說明文；2．所寫建議盡量全面，涉及內(nèi)容盡量多角度，深層次；3．要求意思連貫、表達準(zhǔn)確，詞數(shù)為80詞左右。【范文點評】HowToKeepHealthy①Nowadays，more__and__more__people__know__the__importance__of__keeping__healthy.For__me，there__are__three__main__ways__to__keep__healthy.Firstly，②it__is__necessary__to__keep__a__balanced__diet.③We__aren't__supposed__to__eat__too__much__junk__food.It__is__better__for__us__tohavemorefruitandvegetableseveryday.What's__more，wearesupposedto①開篇用了moreandmorepeople，therearethreemainwaystokeephealthy，既體現(xiàn)問題的嚴(yán)重性，又交代了文章的主題。②運用句型itis＋形容詞＋todosth.增加了文章的亮點。③用aren'tsupposedto寫出人們的不良習(xí)慣，又運用itisbetterforusto…，what'shavemealsregularly.Secondly，weshouldn'tstayuptoolate.④Getting__enough__sleep__is__also__necessary.Thirdly，it__is__important__totakeregularexercises，suchasswimming，joggingandsoon.Ifpeoplefollowthesethreewaysofkeepingfit，they'llgreatlyimprovetheirhealth.⑤I__hope__everyone__can__keep__in__good__health.more彰顯小作者語言詞匯的豐富，增加文章的給分點。④Gettingenoughsleep是動名詞作主語，itisimportantto是it做形式主語，動詞不定式做真正的主語，再次讓文章升華。⑤作者最后希望大家采取他的建議，希望每個人能夠保持健康。,熱點素材拓展中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年大閱兵Whenweinterviewedwhatthelifewaslikemorethan70yearsago，manyoldsoldierswerefulloftearsintheireyes.Theytoldusthattheyneverforgotthosedayswhentheywereinthearmy，duringwhichtheylivedhardlivesbutsparednoefforttofightagainsttheenemies.Nowintheyearof2015comesthefirstgreatparade(閱兵)inthe21stcentury.September3rdisthe70thanniversary(紀(jì)念)ofthevictoryoftheanti-Fascistwar.ThisdayisconsideredasanimportantmomentforChina，aswellastheworld.49countriesfromallovertheworld，includingSouthKoreaandsomeEuropeancountriesattendedthisspecialoccasion.Inpreparationfortheparade，thesoldiersworkedhardeveryday.InordertowalkwellinthethreehundredmetersdistanceontheTian'anmenSquare，theyhadtoreceiveextremelystricttraining.Eachday，theygotupearlyinthemorningandstartedthe10hours'practice.Whenareporterarrived，itwasrainingheavilyoutside，butnoneofthesoldiersstoppedtraining.Nothingcanstoptheirtraining，andnoonecanstoptheirdeeplovetotheirmotherland.Thereporterasked，“Thetrainingissohardbutwhydoesnobodygiveup？”“It'sthefirsttimeforme