湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市麓山國(guó)際實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期入學(xué)考試英語試卷

麓山國(guó)際屆高三入學(xué)考試試卷高三年級(jí)英語試卷第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APacSci’sDigitalDiscoverybringuniquescienceexperiencestoyouonyourownschedule.PacScieducatorsjoinyoulivefromourDigitalLearningStudiotoengagelearnersinSTEMconceptsthroughreal-timedemonstrations,sampleclose-ups,andinteractivesoftwareandvideos.DigitalDiscoveryaredesignedforPreK-12gradersjoiningfromclassrooms,after-schoolsettings,libraryprograms,orothercommunitygroups.&·1-99participants:$250·100-199participants:$350·200-299participants:$450·300+participants:$550Qualifiedlow-incomeschoolsmayreceiveupto100%DigitalDiscoveryrates.Programsshouldbebookedatleast2weeksinadvance.bookonarollingcalendaryearsowecanscheduleasfarinadvanceasyoulike!·PacScieducatorssendyouaprivateZoomlink,orjoinavirtualplatformofyourchoice.·PacScieducatorsguideparticipantsthroughdemonstrationsandactivitiesastheyfacilitateactivestudentparticipation.·Eachprogramincludesanoptionalfollow-alongworksheet,aswellasconnectedextensionactivities,readinglists,andvideostousebeforeandaftertheprogram.·Oneshareddevicewithalargescreenandspeakersorindividualdevices·Internetconnection第1頁/共21頁·Accesstoyourselectedvirtualplatform,suchasZoom·Awebcamandmicrophoneonparticipantdevice(s)·Anadultorvolunteermustbepresenttohelpfacilitate1.WhatistheaimoftheDigitalDiscoveryA.promotedigitallearning.B.improvescienceeducation.C.discovertalentedlearners.D.enjoyinteractiveexperience.2.WhatdoweknowtheDigitalDiscoveryA.Theyalwaysemployfamouseducators.B.Theycoverfullcostsonsomeconditions.C.Theyacceptadvancebookingatanytime.D.Theyareappropriateforuniversitystudents.3.Whatareparticipantsexpectedtodo?A.Sharepersonaldevices.B.Accesspopularplatforms.C.Engagewithassistance.D.photosviawebcams.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了PacSci的DigitalDiscovery（數(shù)字探索工作坊）的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“PacSci’sDigitalDiscoverybringuniquescienceexperiencestoyouonyourownschedule.(PacSci的數(shù)字探索工作坊在你自己安排的時(shí)間為你帶來獨(dú)特的科學(xué)體驗(yàn)。)”可知，數(shù)字探索工作坊的目的是提供獨(dú)特的科學(xué)體驗(yàn)，從而改善或提升科學(xué)教育。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)&部分的“Qualifiedlow-incomeschoolsmayreceiveupto100%DigitalDiscoveryrates.(符合條件的低收入學(xué)?？梢垣@得高達(dá)100%的數(shù)字探索工作坊費(fèi)用減免。)”可知，B?！?題詳解】Anadultorvolunteermustbepresenttohelpfacilitate.(必須有一名成人或志愿者在場(chǎng)協(xié)助。)”可知，參與者需要有成人或志愿者的協(xié)助來參與活動(dòng)。故選C。BIlovedtoargue.Myfixationonbeingrighthadbeenamainstayinmylifeandhadoftenstirreduptroubleinmyfamily;thereweremomentswhenmymarriagebecamestrainedandmykidsgrewdistant.ThelongestfightI第2頁/共21頁hadwaswithmyparents,anditdraggedonfornearlyayear.Myhabitseemedimmortal.Untilanafternoonwithmygranddaughteropenedmyeyestotheimpactmybehaviourwashavingonthepeoplearoundme.wereplayingaboardgamewhenshemadeamovethatbroketherules.Icorrectedher,butsheendedupmakingthesamemistakeagain.Ireadtherulesoutloudandaskedifshegotitthistime.Shesmiledatmeandshookherhead.“Grandpa,whyareyousostubborn?”sheasked.“It’sjustagame.reheretohavefun,aren’twe?”Somethingaboutherwordsreallyhithome.weren’ttheretoberight,weweretheretoenjoyourselves—howtomovethepieceswasmerelyabackdrop.Whattrulymatteredwasourbondandthemomentsweshared.Afewdayslater,mysoncameoverfordinner.Duringthemeal,hesharedaviewpointthatstruckmeasbaseless.Iwouldhavelaunchedmyselfheadfirstintoaheateddebatewithhim.Butthistime,asIpartedmylipstorespond,Ifoundmyselfpoppingaforkfulofpieintomymouthinstead,enjoyingitquietly.Mytolerancesurprisedme,butwhatreallytookmybreathawayasIlistenedtohimwasanewfounddesiretounderstandhim.Thisexperiencebroughtmeajoythatfarsurpassed(超出)thefleetingsatisfactionofwinninganargument.Inhindsight(事后想),mydrivetowinhadn’treallybeenaboutseekingthetruth,butaboutshowingIwasbetterthaneveryoneelse.Bylettinggo,IgainedwaymorethanIeverdidbypushingback.NowIrecognisethatarguingatthedinnertableismuchlikedecidingtodrinkanextracupofItisamatterofself-discipline.Ihadalwaysunderstoodthisconceptintheory,butittookaseven-year-old’sinterventionformetoapplyit.4.Whatdidtheauthor’spassionforargumentcontributeto?A.Damagedrelationship.B.Moraldevelopment.C.children.D.Bittersweetmarriage.5.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromhisgranddaughter’swords?A.Goodhabitswerehardtodevelop.B.Rulesdidn’tworkinaboardgame.C.Adultsweremoreseriousthankids.D.Connectionwasmorevitalthanright.6.Whatsurprisedtheauthormostduringthedinner?A.Theawarenessoftolerance.B.Theflavourofthetastyfood.C.Thebriefjoyfromwinning.D.Theurgetounderstandothers.7.Whydoestheauthormentionanextracupoftea?A.spreadacomplexconcept.B.highlighttheneedfortruth.C.identifytherootofhishabit.D.comparetwodailyactivities.第3頁/共21頁【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從熱衷于爭(zhēng)論到學(xué)會(huì)寬容與理解的心路歷程。文章通過描述作者與家人之間的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，特別是與孫女的互動(dòng)，以及后來對(duì)爭(zhēng)論本質(zhì)的反思，展現(xiàn)了作者個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)和心態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變?！?題詳解】Myfixationonbeingrighthadbeenamainstayinmylifeandhadoftenstirreduptroubleinmyfamily;thereweremomentswhenmymarriagebecamestrainedandmykidsgrewdistant.(我執(zhí)著于正確已經(jīng)成為我生活中的支柱，并且經(jīng)常在家里引起麻煩；有時(shí)我的婚姻變得緊張，孩子們也變得疏遠(yuǎn)。)”可知，作者熱衷于爭(zhēng)論導(dǎo)致了家庭關(guān)系的緊張，包括婚姻和與孩子的關(guān)系都受到了影響。由此可知，作者熱衷于爭(zhēng)論導(dǎo)致了受損的關(guān)系。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“weren’ttheretoberight,weweretheretoenjoyourselves—howtomovethepieceswasmerelyabackdrop.Whattrulymatteredwasourbondandthemomentsweshared.(我們不是在那里為了爭(zhēng)誰對(duì)誰錯(cuò)，我們是去那里享受自己——如何移動(dòng)棋子只是背景。真正重要的是我們的紐帶和我們共享的時(shí)刻。)”可知，作者從孫女的言語中領(lǐng)悟到，在玩樂中，人與人之間的聯(lián)系和共享的時(shí)刻比爭(zhēng)論誰對(duì)誰錯(cuò)更加重要。故選D。6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Butthistime,asIpartedmylipstorespond,Ifoundmyselfpoppingaforkfulofpieintomymouthinstead,enjoyingitquietly.Mytolerancesurprisedme,butwhatreallytookmybreathawayasIlistenedtohimwasanewfounddesiretounderstandhim.(但這次，當(dāng)我張開嘴準(zhǔn)備回答時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己反而把一勺餡餅送進(jìn)了嘴里，靜靜地享受著。我寬容讓我感到驚訝，但當(dāng)我聽他說話時(shí)，真正讓我震驚的是一種新發(fā)現(xiàn)的想要理解他的渴望。)”可知，作者在晚餐時(shí)最驚訝的是自己產(chǎn)生了一種想要理解他人的新渴望，這種渴望超越了以往的爭(zhēng)論和反駁。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Inhindsight,mydrivetowinhadn’treallybeenaboutseekingthetruth,butaboutshowingIwasbetterthaneveryoneelse.Bylettinggo,IgainedwaymorethanIeverdidbypushingback.NowIrecognisethatarguingatthedinnertableismuchlikedecidingtodrinkanextracupofItisamatterofself-discipline.(事后想來，我爭(zhēng)勝的欲望其實(shí)并不是為了尋求真理，而是為了顯示我比其他人更優(yōu)秀。通過放手，我獲得的遠(yuǎn)比我反抗時(shí)要多?，F(xiàn)在我認(rèn)識(shí)到，在餐桌上爭(zhēng)論就像決定再喝一杯咖啡一樣，都是自第4頁/共21頁律的問題。)”可知，作者提到額外的一杯咖啡是為了類比自己在餐桌上的爭(zhēng)論行為，指出這兩者都是自律的問題，從而揭示了自己爭(zhēng)論習(xí)慣的根源在于缺乏自律。故選C。☆CMorethanhalfoftheworld’slargestlakeshavelostsignificantamountsofwateroverthelastthreedecades,androughlyone-quarteroftheworld’spopulationlivesinthebasinofadryinglake,accordingtoanewstudybyateamofinternationalscientists,whichpinstheblamelargelyonclimatechangeandexcessive(過度的)wateruse.Whilelakescoveronlyaround3%oftheplanet,theyholdnearly90%ofitsliquidsurfacefreshwaterandareprimarysourcesofdrinkingwater,irrigationandpower,andtheyprovidevitalhabitats(棲息地)foranimalsandplants.Acrosstheworld,themostsignificantlakesareseeingsharpdeclines.TheColoradoRiver’sLakeMeadinSouthwestUShasshrunkdramaticallyduetoamegadrought(大干旱)anddecadesofoveruse.TheCaspianSea,betweenAsiaandEuropetheworld’slargestinlandbodyofwaterhaslongbeendeclining.Theshrinkingofmanylakeshasbeenwelldocumentedbyenvironmentalgroups,butthereasonsbehindithavebeenhardlyexamined,saidFangfangthestudy’sleadauthorandavisitingscholarattheCooperativeInstituteforResearchinEnvironmentalSciencesattheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.Theresearchersusedsatellitemeasurementsofnearly2,000oftheworld’slargestlakes,whichtogetherrepresent95%ofEarth’stotallakewaterstorage.Examiningmorethan250,000satelliteimagesspanningfrom1992to2020,alongwithclimatemodels,theywereabletoreconstructthehistoryofthelakesgoingbackdecades.“Theresultswerestaggering,”said.“It’salittlescarytoseehowmanyfreshwatersystemsareunabletostoreasmuchwaterastheyusedto.”“Asmanypartsoftheworldbecomehotteranddrier,lakesmustbemanagedproperly.Otherwiseclimatechangeandhumanactivitiescanleadtodryingsoonerthanwethink,”added.8.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthesecondparagraph?A.broadenreaders’horizons.B.encouragereaderstoprotectwildlife.C.lightenreaders’worriesoverwatershortage.D.showshrinkageoflakesshouldbetakenseriously.9.Whathasenvironmentalgroupsignored?A.Therecordingofshrinkinglakes.第5頁/共21頁B.Theinfluenceofwatershortage.C.Causesoftheshrinkageofmanylakes.D.Measurestostoptheshrinkageoflakes.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutthenewstudyfromParagraph5?A.It’sscientifically-grounded.B.It’smuch-debated.C.It’scommercially-successful.D.It’spartially-acceptable.Whichdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”probablymeaninParagraph6?A.Puzzling.B.Shocking.C.Inspiring.D.Amazing.【答案】8.D9.C10.AB【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。根據(jù)一個(gè)國(guó)際科學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)的一項(xiàng)新研究，在過去三十年中，世界上一半以上的最大湖泊都失去了大量的水，大約四分之一的世界人口生活在干涸的湖泊流域，該研究將主要?dú)w咎于氣候變化和過度用水?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Whilelakescoveronlyaround3%oftheplanet,theyholdnearly90%ofitsliquidsurfacefreshwaterandareprimarysourcesofdrinkingwater,irrigationandpower,andtheyprovidevitalhabitats(棲息地)foranimalsandplants(雖然湖泊只覆蓋了地球的3%左右，但它們?nèi)菁{了近90%的地表液態(tài)淡水，是飲用水、灌溉和電力的主要來源，為動(dòng)植物提供了重要的棲息地。)”可知本段講了湖泊是飲用水、灌溉和電力的主要來源，為動(dòng)植物提供了重要的棲息地，說明了湖泊的重要性，可推理出作者寫第二段的目的是表明湖泊萎縮應(yīng)受到重視，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theshrinkingofmanylakeshasbeenwelldocumentedbyenvironmentalgroups,butthereasonsbehindithavebeenhardlyexamined(乎沒有得到研究。)”可知，環(huán)保組織忽視了湖泊萎縮的原因，故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Theresearchersusedsatellitemeasurementsofnearly2,000oftheworld’slargestlakes,whichtogetherrepresent95%ofEarth’stotallakewaterstorage.Examiningmorethan250,000satelliteimagesspanningfrom1992to2020,alongwithclimatemodels,theywereabletoreconstructthehistoryofthelakesgoingbackdecades.(研究人員對(duì)世界上近2000個(gè)最大的湖泊進(jìn)行了衛(wèi)星測(cè)量，這些湖泊合計(jì)占地球湖泊總蓄水量的95%1992年至2020年的25第6頁/共21頁年前湖泊的歷史)25知這個(gè)研究有科學(xué)依據(jù)，故選A項(xiàng)。【題詳解】It’salittlescarytoseehowmanyfreshwatersystemsareunabletostoreasmuchwaterastheyusedto.(看到有多少淡水系統(tǒng)無法像過去那樣儲(chǔ)存水，這有點(diǎn)可怕)”可知，淡水系統(tǒng)如果無法儲(chǔ)存水，那將是很可怕的，可推理出劃線詞的含義為“令人震驚的”，故選B項(xiàng)?！頓Confirmationbiasreferstopeople’stendencytoseekoutinformationthatsupportstheirexistingbeliefs.Whileit’susuallysubconscious,itsimpactsaresignificant.Itcancloudpeople’sjudgementanddecision-makingprocesses.Oneexplanationforconfirmationbiasisthatitisanefficientwaytoprocessinformation.Humansareconstantlyfedwithinformationandcannotpossiblytakethetimetocarefullyprocesseachpiece.Itisadaptiveforhumanstorelyonsubconscious,automaticjudgementsthatcontributetotheefficiency.Anotherreasonwhypeopleshowconfirmationbiasistoprotecttheirself-worth.Peopleliketofeelgoodaboutthemselves,anddiscoveringabelieftheyhighlyvalueisincorrectmakesthemfeelbadaboutthemselves.Therefore,confirmationbiaswillencouragethemtodisregardtheinformationcontrarytotheirbelief.Researchesshowthatconfirmationbiasisstrongandwidespread.Instudiesexaminingmy-sidebias,peoplewereabletogenerateandremembermorereasonssupportingtheirsideofacontroversialissuethantheopposingside.Onlywhenaresearcherdirectlyaskedpeopletogenerateargumentsagainsttheirownbeliefsweretheyabletodoso.Itisnotthatpeopleareincapableofgeneratingargumentsthatarecontrarytotheirbeliefs,but,rather,peoplearenotmotivatedtodoso.Confirmationbiasalsosurfacesininterpersonalcommunication.Wheninteractingwithpeoplewhoperceiversthinkhavecertainpersonalities,theperceiverswillaskquestionsthatarebiasedtowardsupportingtheperceivers’beliefs.Ifanewroommateisexpectedtobefriendlyandoutgoing,Mariamayaskherifshelikestogotopartiesratherthanaskingifsheoftenstudiesinthelibrary.Confirmationbiasmayleadtoincompleteandmisinterpretedunderstandingofanissueortopic,ascrucialinformationmaybeoverlookedordismissed.Thus,toavoidit,peoplearesupposedtodiversifythesourcesofinformationaccessedasseekingmultipleperspectivesbringsabroaderunderstandingofthesubjectmatterandallowsforwell-roundeddecision-making.Anotherwayistoactivelychallengethebiasbyquestioningassumptions第7頁/共21頁andrelyingonevidenceratherthanpersonalopinions,whichhelpsusconsciouslyrecognizeinformationalbiasesandminimizetheirimpact.12.Whydopeopleshowconfirmationbias?A.helpmaintaintheirdignity.B.preventshallowjudgements.C.handlecomplexinformation.D.developtheirlogicalreasoning.13.WhatdidthestudiesinParagraph3find?A.Peoplecouldn’tproduceargumentsagainsttheirbelief.B.Informationsupportingpeople’sbeliefoftenwonpreference.C.Ittookconsiderablemotivationtofacecontroversialissues.D.Peoplefocusedoninformationconcerningtheopposingside.14.Howdoesthewriterillustrateconfirmationbiasincommunication?A.Bymakingcomparison.B.Bygivinganexample.C.Byintroducingastudy.D.Bydefiningaconcept.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theroleofmy-sidebiasinenhancingpeople’sownbeliefs.B.Theofinformationoverloadondecision-makingprocess.C.Theimpactofconfirmationbiasoninterpersonalcommunication.DUnderstandingofconfirmationbiasandstrategiestoovercomeit.【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了確認(rèn)偏誤的理解及其克服策略?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Anotherreasonwhypeopleshowconfirmationbiasistoprotecttheirself-worth.Peopleliketofeelgoodaboutthemselves,anddiscoveringabelieftheyhighlyvalueisincorrectmakesthemfeelbadaboutthemselves.(人們表現(xiàn)出確認(rèn)偏誤的另一個(gè)原因是保護(hù)自我價(jià)值。人們喜歡對(duì)自己有良好的感覺，而發(fā)現(xiàn)自己高度認(rèn)同的信念是錯(cuò)誤的會(huì)讓他們自我感覺糟糕)”可知，人們表現(xiàn)出確認(rèn)偏誤的另一個(gè)原因是為了保護(hù)他們的自我價(jià)值。換句話說，是為了幫助他們保持尊嚴(yán)。故選A。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“Instudiesexaminingmy-sidebias,peoplewereabletogenerateandremember第8頁/共21頁morereasonssupportingtheirsideofacontroversialissuethantheopposingside.(在研究“我方偏誤”的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，人們能夠生成并記住更多支持自己在一項(xiàng)有爭(zhēng)議問題上立場(chǎng)的理由，而不是反對(duì)立場(chǎng)的理由)”可知，支持人們信念的信息往往更受歡迎。故選B?！?4題詳解】Wheninteractingwithpeoplewhoperceiversthinkhavecertainpersonalities,theperceiverswillaskquestionsthatarebiasedtowardsupportingtheperceivers’beliefs.Ifanewroommateisexpectedtobefriendlyandoutgoing,Mariamayaskherifshelikestogotopartiesratherthanaskingifsheoftenstudiesinthelibrary.(在與人們認(rèn)為具有某種性格的人互動(dòng)時(shí)，感知者會(huì)提出傾向于支持自己信念的偏見性問題。如果瑪麗亞認(rèn)為新室友友好且外向，她可能會(huì)問她是否喜歡參加聚會(huì)，而不是問她是否經(jīng)常在圖書館學(xué)習(xí))”可知，文中通過舉Maria與新室友交往的例子來說明確認(rèn)偏誤在交流中的表現(xiàn)，即作者是運(yùn)用舉例的寫作手法。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Confirmationbiasreferstopeople’stendencytoseekoutinformationthatsupportstheirexistingbeliefs.Whileit’susuallysubconscious,itsimpactsaresignificant.Itcancloudpeople’sjudgementanddecision-makingprocesses.(確認(rèn)偏誤指的是人們傾向于尋找支持自己現(xiàn)有信念的信息。盡管這通常是潛意識(shí)的，但其影響卻十分重大。它會(huì)使人們的判斷和決策過程變得模糊)”和最后一段“Confirmationbiasmayleadtoincompleteandmisinterpretedunderstandingofanissueortopic,ascrucialinformationmaybeoverlookedordismissed.Thus,toavoidit,peoplearesupposedtodiversifythesourcesofinformationaccessedasseekingmultipleperspectivesbringsabroaderunderstandingofthesubjectmatterandallowsforwell-roundeddecision-making.Anotherwayistoactivelychallengethebiasbyquestioningassumptionsandrelyingonevidenceratherthanpersonalopinions,whichhelpsusconsciouslyrecognizeinformationalbiasesandminimizetheirimpact.(確認(rèn)偏誤可能導(dǎo)致對(duì)某個(gè)問題或話題的理解不完整和誤解，因?yàn)殛P(guān)鍵信息可能會(huì)被忽視或駁回。因此，為了避免這種情況，人們應(yīng)該多樣化信息來源，因?yàn)閺亩鄠€(gè)角度獲取信息有助于更全面地理解主題，并做出周全的決策。另一種方法是主動(dòng)挑戰(zhàn)偏見，通過質(zhì)疑假設(shè)并依賴證據(jù)而非個(gè)人意見，這有助于我們有意識(shí)地識(shí)別信息偏見并最大限度地減少其影響)”可知，文章主要講述了對(duì)確認(rèn)偏誤的理解以及克服它的策略。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）☆Humanshaveaneedtosharetheirbeliefsandvalueswithotherpeople.___16___Thishasasolidlogic:Sharingemotionsandopinionscanleadtoimitation(模仿),whichcaninturncreateunityandenhance第9頁/共21頁relationships.Besidescreatingabond,anotherreasonyoumightwantsomeonetomodelthemselvesonyourfeelingsistogetthemtoaltertheirviews.___17___Thechoicewilldependontheotherperson’ssituation.Ifhe/shealreadyagreeswithyou,thenyournegativitycanraisetheintensityofhis/herviews.___18___Sometimes,peopleyouaretalkingtodon’talreadythinkthewayyoudo.Theywillsimplyjudgeyourstatementtobehyperbolic(浮夸的)andbiased.Andyouwon’tgetthemtoimitateyouatall.anevengreaterdegree,iftheydisagreewithyou,whatyousaywillhardentheirvaluesagainstyours.___19___Whenpeopleareoffendedovertheopinionstheyhold,theyaremuchmorelikelytodigintotheirpositionagainstthatofthespeaker.Imagineapersoncametoyourhousewithabeautifulbunchofflowers.Butwhenyouopenedthedoor,he/shehityouwiththeflowers.___20___So,ifyouwanttobemorepersuasive,considerthespecificsituationsandsharethemmorepositively—inotherwords,turnyourbeliefsandvaluesintoagift,ratherthanaweapon.A.Onesize,however,won’tfitforall.B.Thisistheso-calledbackfireC.Allyouwouldwantistogetthepersonoutoftheway.D.Whenyoufeelstronglyaboutsomething,it’shardnottotalkaboutit.E.Thisisessentiallytheresultofusingyourflowersnegativelyasweapons.F.achievethegoal,youcanoutlineyourviewseitherpositivelyornegatively.G.Positiveemotionsmaybebetteratleadingtoimitationthannegativeemotions.【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.B20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述我們?cè)谠囍f服他人時(shí)，有時(shí)會(huì)適得其反，試著用更加積極、委婉的語言風(fēng)格不失為一個(gè)好方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Humanshaveaneedtosharetheirbeliefsandvalueswithotherpeople.(人類需要與他人分享他們的信仰和價(jià)值觀)”提到人類需要與他人分享自己的信仰和價(jià)值觀，D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你對(duì)某事有強(qiáng)烈的感覺時(shí)，你很難不去談?wù)撍边M(jìn)一步闡述上文，說明文人們需要分享的原因，故選D。【17題詳解】上文“Besidescreatingabond,anotherreasonyoumightwantsomeonetomodelthemselvesonyourfeelingsisto第10頁/共21頁getthemtoaltertheirviews.(變自己的觀點(diǎn))”提到人們分享的另一個(gè)原因——想讓對(duì)方改變他們自己的觀點(diǎn)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“為了達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中“thegoal”指代上文的“togetthemtoaltertheirviews”，故選F?！?8題詳解】上文提到分享是為了改變別人的觀點(diǎn)，根據(jù)下文“Sometimes,peopleyouaretalkingtodon’talreadythinkthewayyoudo.Theywillsimplyjudgeyourstatementtobehyperbolic(浮夸的)andbiased.(有時(shí)候，與你交談的人并不像你那樣思考問題。他們只會(huì)認(rèn)為你的陳述是夸張和有偏見的)”可知，本段和上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，A項(xiàng)“然而，一種尺寸不會(huì)適合所有人”符合語境，故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Andyouwon’tgetthemtoimitateyouatall.anevengreaterdegree,iftheydisagreewithyou,whatyousaywillhardentheirvaluesagainstyours.(你根本不會(huì)讓他們模仿你。在更大程度上，如果他們不同意你的觀點(diǎn)，你所說的話會(huì)使他們的價(jià)值觀與你的價(jià)值觀相抵觸)”和下文“Whenpeopleareoffendedovertheopinionstheyhold,theyaremuchmorelikelytodigintotheirpositionagainstthatofthespeaker.(當(dāng)人們覺得自己持有的觀點(diǎn)被冒犯時(shí)，他們更有可能深入研究自己的立場(chǎng)，反對(duì)說話者的立場(chǎng))”可知上下文都是在說你不僅無法改變別人的觀點(diǎn)，反而會(huì)讓別人更加堅(jiān)持自己的觀點(diǎn)，B項(xiàng)“這就叫適得其反”符合語境，故選B?！?0題詳解】上文“Imagineapersoncametoyourhousewithabeautifulbunchofflowers.Butwhenyouopenedthedoor,he/shehityouwiththeflowers.(想象一下，一個(gè)人帶著一束美麗的花來到你家。但是當(dāng)你打開門時(shí)，他/她用花打你)”提到別人帶著一束花來到你家，卻用花打你，E項(xiàng)“這主要是由于將給你的花作為武器負(fù)面使用了”解釋上述行為的原因，故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題1分，滿分分）☆C和D佳選項(xiàng)。Doyourememberthenameofyourkindergartenteacher?MykindergartenteacherisMrs.White.Idon’tremembermuchaboutwhatwelearnedinherclass,butmymotheroncetoldmethatweusedto___21___alot.AndIwouldbringbackwhatIwroteandshewouldlookatitandseethereweresomany___22___,butnoredcorrections.Andalwaysa___23___.MymomaskedMrs.Whitewhyshenever___24___inthenightspellingsof第11頁/共21頁wordsor___25___grammaticalerrors.AndMrs.Whiteexplainedthatchildrenarejustbeginningtoget___26___aboutusingwords,aboutformingsentences.Idon’twantto___27___thatenthusiasmwithredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait.The___28___ofwordswon’t.ItbotheredmyhighschoolteacherthatIusedtomisspellbeautifulalot.NevercouldIquiterememberthattheewent___29___thea.EventhoughIpossessgoodwritingtechniques,thiskindofspellingerrorswouldlagmebehind.Butformyhighschoolteacher’s____30____,thee’sanda’swouldn’thavesettledintotheirrightplacesoftheirownaccord.Mrs.Whitemusthavebeenaratherextraordinaryteacherto____31____suchred-pen-restraint,allowingthejoy,wonderandexcitementofexpressiontoflower,however____32____.bloomisbetterthannottobloom.Andabudoncenipped(掐)never____33____.AndthankstoMrs.WhiteIhadno____34____aboutwritingwhatImeant____35____Icouldn’tquitespellitout.BecauseLifeisBeautiful!21.A.playB.writeC.discussD.read22.A.mistakesB.marksC.signsD.documents23.A.dateB.gradeC.starD.number24.A.green-lightedB.yellow-colouredC.blue-paintedD.red-pencilled25.A.pointedatB.leftoutC.wrotedownD.singledout26.A.excitedB.surprisedC.confusedD.upset27.A.fuelB.shareC.dampenD.bring28.A.choiceB.wonderC.meaningD.usage29.A.aboveB.belowC.beforeD.after30.A.discouragementB.criticismC.praiseD.help31.A.exerciseB.makeC.performD.overcome32.A.uselesslyB.remarkablyC.amazinglyD.faultily33.A.diesB.opensC.sleepsD.awakes34.A.anxietyB.problemC.delightD.satisfaction35.A.owingtoB.evenifC.asifD.incase【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.D26.A27.C28.B29.C30.D31.A32.D33.B34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述自己的幼兒園老師如何保護(hù)孩子們學(xué)習(xí)積極性，表達(dá)了自己對(duì)第12頁/共21頁老師的感激之情。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不太記得我們?cè)谒恼n上學(xué)到了什么，但我媽媽曾經(jīng)告訴我，我們過去常常寫很多東西。A.play玩；B.write寫；C.discuss討論；D.read讀。由下文“IwouldbringbackwhatIwrote”可知，這里指作者過去常?！皩憽焙芏鄸|西。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我會(huì)把我寫的東西拿回來，她會(huì)看一看，發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多錯(cuò)誤，但沒有紅色的更正。A.mistakes錯(cuò)誤；B.marks標(biāo)記；C.signs標(biāo)志；D.documents文件。由下文“butnoredcorrections”可知，這里指老師會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)作者寫的內(nèi)容有很多“錯(cuò)誤”卻不改正。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查詞名詞義辨析。句意：永遠(yuǎn)是一顆星星。A.date日期；B.grade年級(jí)；C.star星星；D.number數(shù)。由下文“Idon’twantto___7___thatenthusiasmwithredink.盡管看到錯(cuò)誤，也用一顆“星星”來鼓勵(lì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽問懷特太太，為什么她從來沒有用紅筆寫出正確的單詞拼寫，也沒有挑出語法錯(cuò)誤。A.green-lighted批準(zhǔn)，同意；B.yellow-coloured畫成黃色；C.blue-painted漆成藍(lán)色；D.red-pencilled用紅筆寫。由下文“Idon’twantto___7___thatenthusiasmwithredink.”以及語境可知，這里指作者媽媽問老師為什么不“用紅筆寫”出正確的單詞拼寫。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我媽媽問懷特太太，為什么她從來沒有用紅筆寫出正確的單詞拼寫，也沒有挑出語法錯(cuò)誤。A.pointedat指著；B.leftout遺漏；C.wrotedown記下；D.singledout挑選出。由上文“butnoredcorrections”可知，這里指作者媽媽問老師為什么沒有“挑出”語法錯(cuò)誤。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特夫人解釋說，孩子們剛剛開始對(duì)使用單詞和造句感到興奮。A.excited興奮的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.confused困惑的；D.upset沮喪的。由下文“thatenthusiasm”以及語境可知，這里指孩子們剛剛開始對(duì)使用單詞和造句這些新鮮事物感到“興奮”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想用紅墨水抑制這種熱情。A.fuel刺激，加劇；B.share分享；C.dampen抑制；D.bring帶來。由下文“allowingthejoy,wonderandexcitementofexpressionflower”可知，這里指老師不想用紅墨水“抑制”住孩子們的熱情。故選C項(xiàng)。第13頁/共21頁【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：言語的奇妙之處不會(huì)。A.choice選擇；B.wonder奇妙之處；C.meaning意思；D.usage使用。由上文“enthusiasm”以及語境可知，這里指拼寫和語法可以等待以后再糾正，但對(duì)文字的好奇不會(huì)等待，所以現(xiàn)在應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)孩子們感受言語的奇妙之處。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】e在a之前。A.aboveB.belowC.beforeD.afterbeautiful”可知，在beautiful這一單詞中e在a“之前”。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】e和aA.discouragement氣餒；B.criticism批評(píng)；C.praise贊美；D.help幫助。由下文“thee’sanda’swouldn’thavesettledintotheirrightplacesoftheirownaccord”以及語境可知，這里指在老師的“幫助”下，作者終于拼寫正確beautiful了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特夫人一定是一位相當(dāng)非凡的老師，她能夠運(yùn)用對(duì)紅筆的克制，讓表達(dá)的快A.exerciseB.makeC.performD.overcomeIdon’twantto___7___thatenthusiasmwithredink.”以及語境可知，這里指懷特夫人“運(yùn)用”對(duì)紅筆的克制，來讓孩子保持熱情。故選A項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：懷特夫人一定是一位相當(dāng)非凡老師，她能夠運(yùn)用這種紅筆克制，讓表達(dá)的快A.uselesslyB.remarkablyC.amazingly令人驚訝的是；D.faultily錯(cuò)誤地。由上文“AndIwouldbringbackwhatIwroteandshewouldlookatitandseethereweresomany___2___.出來打擊孩子的熱情。故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】A.dies死；B.opens開放；C.sleeps睡；D.awakes醒來。由上文“abudoncenipped”以及語境可知，花蕾一旦被掐，就不會(huì)“開放”了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧了懷特太太，即使我不能很清楚地表達(dá)出來，我也不擔(dān)心寫下我的意思。A.anxiety焦慮；B.problem問題；C.delight喜悅；D.satisfactionIpossessgoodwritingtechniques第14頁/共21頁”可知，作者在寫作方面沒有“焦慮”，不用擔(dān)心拼寫和語法錯(cuò)誤，能很好地寫出自己要表達(dá)的意思。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查連詞短語辨析。句意：多虧了懷特太太，即使我不能很清楚地表達(dá)出來，我也不擔(dān)心寫下我的意思。A.owingto由于；B.evenif即使；C.asif好像；D.incase以防。由下文“Icouldn’tquitespellitout”以及語境可知，這里指“即使”作者不能很清楚地拼寫出來，也能很好地表達(dá)出自己的意思。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。toChinaasaforeignerisn’tthesimplestapplicationscanbecomplicated,andnavigating(穿梭)thishighlyautomatedsocietywith___36___(it)owndigitalecosystemcanbefrightening.Butthingsmaybechanging.Chinahasbeenmakingtoattractinternationaltravelersbyintroducingmore___37___(welcome)policies.Thecountrynowvisaexemptions(免簽)fordozensofnationalities,aswellas___38___144-hourvisa-freetransit(運(yùn)輸)policyatagrowingnumberofportsofentry.Meanwhile,mobilewalletgiantslikeAlipayandhavemadetheirappsandonline___39___(pay)moreforeigner-friendlybysimplifyingtheirlengthyset-upprocesses___40___acceptinginternationalcreditcards.Hotelsandattractionsarealsobeingaskedtoacceptinternationalcreditcards,___41___arenotpopularamongtradersinChina.SomecitieslikeBeijinghavelaunchedall-in-one___42___(pass)thatallowtravelerstopayforthingslikeattractionadmissionsandpublictransit___43___(electronic).Thesemeasuresseemtobeworking.Chinawelcomedabout14millionforeignvisitorsinthefirsthalfof2024,a152.7%increasefrom2023.Thenumberisstillalongwayfrom2019figures,butsomeintheindustryfeel___44___(encourage).“Thankstothenew15-dayvisa-freepolicyforsomecountries,we____45____(see)anincreaseoftouristsfromthosecountriesoverthepastfewmonths,”saysDennyatravelspecialistandmanageratTheChinaGuide.【答案】36.its37.welcoming38.a39.payment40and41.which42.passes43.electronically44.encouraged第15頁/共21頁45.haveseen【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要說明了中國(guó)推出144小時(shí)過境免簽政策，吸引了外國(guó)游客來旅游。【36題詳解】考查代詞。句意：簽證申請(qǐng)可能很復(fù)雜，在這個(gè)擁有自己數(shù)字生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的高度自動(dòng)化社會(huì)中穿行可能會(huì)令人恐懼。修飾名詞ecosystem應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞its。故填its。【37題詳解】policies應(yīng)用形容詞welcoming。故填welcoming?！?8題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：該國(guó)現(xiàn)在為數(shù)十個(gè)國(guó)家提供簽證豁免，并在越來越多的入境口岸實(shí)行144小時(shí)過境免簽政策。此處policy為泛指，且144-hour是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。【39題詳解】考查名詞。句意：與此同時(shí)，支付寶和微信等移動(dòng)錢包巨頭通過簡(jiǎn)化冗長(zhǎng)的設(shè)置流程和接受國(guó)際信用卡，使其應(yīng)用程序和在線支付對(duì)外國(guó)人更加友好。作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞payment，不可數(shù)。故填payment。【40題詳解】考查連詞。句意：與此同時(shí)，支付寶和微信等移動(dòng)錢包巨頭通過簡(jiǎn)化冗長(zhǎng)的設(shè)置流程和接受國(guó)際信用卡，使其應(yīng)用程序和在線支付對(duì)外國(guó)人更加友好。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and。故填and?！?1題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：酒店和景點(diǎn)也被要求接受國(guó)際信用卡，這在中國(guó)的貿(mào)易商中并不受歡迎。非限制性定語從句修飾上文句子，從句缺少主語，故填which?！?2題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：北京等一些城市推出了“一卡通”，游客可以通過電子方式支付景點(diǎn)門票和公共交通等費(fèi)用。根據(jù)后文從句謂語allow為原形，可知先行詞pass為復(fù)數(shù)。故填passes?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：北京等一些城市推出了“一卡通”，游客