2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)UNIT4NaturaldisastersSectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures教案新人教版必修第一冊(cè)

PAGE2-SectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructuressupplyn．供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給；[pl．]補(bǔ)給品vt．供應(yīng)；供應(yīng)(教材P52)Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry．向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)供應(yīng)的物資是從全國(guó)各地收集來(lái)的。(1)school/medicalsupplies 學(xué)校用品/醫(yī)療用品(2)supplysth．tosb． 為某人供應(yīng)某物supplysb．withsth． 為某人供應(yīng)某物①Thewatersupplyhasbeencutoffbecausetheworkersarerepairingthemainpipes．因工人們?cè)谛拗饕艿溃Y源供應(yīng)被切斷。②TheInternetsuppliesalotofinformationtouseveryday．因特網(wǎng)每天給我們供應(yīng)很多信息。③Thereisnoneedtoworry．Wecansupplyyou_withwhateveryouneed．＝Thereisnoneedtoworry．Wecansupplywhateveryouneedto_you．沒(méi)有必要擔(dān)憂，我們可以供應(yīng)任何你須要的東西。survivevi．生存；存活vt．幸存；艱難度過(guò)(教材P52)She’sfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake．她在喂在地震中幸存的嬰兒。(1)AsurviveB(by)．．． A比B活得長(zhǎng)……surviveon 依靠……生存下來(lái)survivefrom 從……存活下來(lái)，流傳下來(lái)(2)survivorn． 生還者survivaln． [U]幸存；[C]殘存物①Ofthesixpeopleinjuredintheterribleaccident,onlytwosurvived．在這次可怕的事故受傷的六人中，只有兩人活了下來(lái)。②Thetravelertrappedinthelonelyislandsurvivedonthefishcaughtinthesea．被困在孤島上的那位旅客靠在海里捕到的魚(yú)生存了下來(lái)。③Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes．有些驚奇的風(fēng)俗是從早年流傳下來(lái)的。④Theoldladyhassurvivedallhersistersandbrothersbytenyears．那位老婦人比她全部的兄弟姐妹晚去世10年。Hewastheonlysurvivorinthatbadaccident,andafterthesurvival,hehasbeenlivingahappyandhealthylife．關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空1．(教材P50)Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls．2．(教材P50)Twothirdsofthepeoplewho_livedthereweredeadorinjured．3．(教材P50)Thenumberofpeople_whowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400，000．4．(教材P50)Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150，000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead．5．(教材P50)Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed．6．(教材P52)AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2024earthquakeinEcuador．定義1．在主從復(fù)合句中，對(duì)某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。2．關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞(that,which,who,whom,whose,as等)和關(guān)系副詞(when,where,why等)兩類。關(guān)系代詞的基本用法1．who指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。◆Thechildrenwhowereinjuredinacaraccidentarebeingtreatedinthehospitalnow．在車(chē)禍中受傷的孩子們現(xiàn)在正在醫(yī)院接受治療。(作主語(yǔ))◆Dannywasamanwhowerescuedfromtheruins．丹尼是我們從廢墟中救出來(lái)的一個(gè)人。(作賓語(yǔ))2．whom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可省略，也可用who代替。◆Roseistheperson(who/whom)youshouldcareabout．羅絲是你應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)切的人?！鬞heboy(who/whom)theteacheroftenpraisesistheirmonitor．老師常常表?yè)P(yáng)的那個(gè)男孩是他們的班長(zhǎng)。3．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所屬”關(guān)系，whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)?！鬉nystudentwhosefamilyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment．任何由于家境貧寒而上不起學(xué)的學(xué)生都可以得到政府的幫助。(修飾人)◆Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacesnorth．他住在一個(gè)窗子朝北的房間里。(修飾物)[即時(shí)演練1]——關(guān)系代詞填空①Thewomanwhoisshakinghandswithmysisterisadoctor．②Thosewhowanttoseethefilmsetdownyournames,please．③ThegirlwhograduatedfromCambridgeUniversityiscalledAmanda．④Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory．⑤Theoldmanwhom/whoyouspoketoisafamousdoctor．4．which指事物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。◆Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory．中國(guó)是一個(gè)具有悠久歷史的國(guó)家。(作主語(yǔ))◆Theradio(which)heboughtyesterdaydoesn’twork．他昨天買(mǎi)的收音機(jī)壞了。(作賓語(yǔ))◆ThisisthehouseinwhichIoncelived．這是我曾經(jīng)住過(guò)的房子。(作介詞in的賓語(yǔ))5．that既可指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。習(xí)慣上指人多用who，whom，指物多用which?！鬞hisisthenovelthatinterestsme．這就是讓我感愛(ài)好的那本小說(shuō)。(指物，作主語(yǔ))◆Themagazine(that)Iboughtyesterdayislost．我昨天買(mǎi)的那本雜志丟了。(指物，作賓語(yǔ))◆Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion．每年來(lái)參觀這座城市的人數(shù)達(dá)100萬(wàn)。(that指人，作主語(yǔ))關(guān)系代詞指代先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，因此定語(yǔ)從句中不能再出現(xiàn)關(guān)系代詞所替代的名詞或代詞。[譯]昨天晚上我們看的那部電影特別嚇人。[誤]Thefilm(that/which)wesawitlastnightisveryfrightening．[正]Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisveryfrightening．[即時(shí)演練2]——關(guān)系代詞填空①Look,herearesomepeoplewho/whom/thatIwantyoutomeet．②Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmthat/whichwevisitedthreemonthsago?③Thepicturewhich/thatwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible．關(guān)系詞只能用that而不用which的狀況1．當(dāng)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,anything,much等不定代詞時(shí)?！鬑aveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr．Lisaid?李老師講的你都登記來(lái)了嗎？◆Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone．全部能做的都做了。2．先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)?！鬞hefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen．在倫敦他們參觀的第一個(gè)地方是大本鐘?！鬞hisisthemostdeliciousfoodthatIhaveeverhad．這是我吃過(guò)的最美味的食物。3．先行詞被all,every,no,theonly,thevery,thelast等修飾時(shí)。◆I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine．我已經(jīng)讀了全部那些不是我的書(shū)?！鬞heonlythingthatshecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp．她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察?！鬒havefoundtheverypenthatIlostyesterday．我已找到昨天丟的鋼筆。4．當(dāng)先行詞既指人，又指物時(shí)。◆Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember．我們常常談起我們記得的那些人和事。[即時(shí)演練3]——完成句子①這是我參觀過(guò)的最美麗的公園。Thisisthemostbeautifulparkthat_I_have_visited．②她把她感愛(ài)好的人和物都拍攝了下來(lái)。Shetookphotographsofthethingsandpeoplethat_she_was_interested_in．③閑聊是她唯一最感愛(ài)好的事。Chattingwasthe_only_thing_thatinterestedhermost．eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語(yǔ)法填空1．LastweekendmyroommatesandItalkedaboutthehappydaysthat/whichwehadincollege．2．Jakeusedtobeabraveboythat/whom/whohisteachersalwayspraised．3．Ann’sparentsallowedAnntohelpJohnwhosefamilywaspoor．4．Theyhavegotarobotthat/whichcantakecareoftheoldandbabies．5．Lucycalledherbrotherthat/whom/whoshehadn’tspokentoforfiveyears．6．Thefirefighterrescuedthosewhoweretrappedinthelift．7．IvisitedthecouplelastweekwhosedaughterisstudyingintheUnitedStates．8．ItisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverread．9．Therearemanythingsthat/whichIneedtobuybeforethetriptoFrance．10．Martindidn’tbuythenewcellphonewhosepricewastoohighforhim．11．DoyoulikethefilmTitanicwhosemusicisverybeautiful?12．I’mnotinterestedinthestorythat/whichisaboutthetriptothemoon．13．OneHundredYearsofSolitudeisthemostwonderfulbookthatIhavereadsofar．14．Whenshecamenear,Ifoundthatshewasoneofmyclassmatesthat/whom/whoIhadnotmetsincegraduation．15．Todaytherearelotsofvideogamesthat/whicheatupourtime．16．Lucylikesthewomanwriterwhosebooksteachheralot．17．Johnsonisthestudentwhom/who/thathisteachersareproudof．18．Iwon’tdoanythingthatharmsmeormyfriendsforever．19．AllthestoriesthatMrs．Yangwrotehavesomethingtodowithteenagers．20．Aliceisoneofthegirlsinourschoolwhohavewontheprizethreetimes．eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)語(yǔ)法與寫(xiě)作請(qǐng)將下列句子升級(jí)為含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。1．Wearegoingtointerviewthewriter．Hisnewnovelhasbeenwellreceivedbythepublic．We_are_going_to_interview_the_writer_whose_new_novel_has_been_well_received_by_the_public．2．Thewashingmachineisoutoforder．Mrs．Greenboughtthewashingmachineamonthago．The_washing_machine_(that/which)_Mrs．_Green_bought_a_month_ago_is_out_of_order．3．Thepolicearelookingforthelittlegirl．Thelittlegirlgotlostyesterday．The_police_are_looking_for_the_little_girl_that/who_got_lost_yesterday．4．Thegirlismakingaspeechunderthenationalflag．Thegirlisourmonitor．The_girl_who/that_is_making_a_speech_under_the_national_flag_is_our_monitor．5．TheyvisitedPeteryesterday．Peter’slegwasinjuredinacaraccident．They_visited_Peter_yesterday_whose_leg_was_injured_in_a_car_accident．6．Ivaluethecellphone．Myauntgavemethecellphoneasmybirthdaygiftlastweekend．I_value_the_cellphone_(that/which)_my_aunt_gave_me_as_my_birthday_gift_last_weekend．7．Susanisclever．Susan’sdreamistobecomeafamoussinger．Susan,_whose_dream_is_to_become_a_famous_singer,_is_clever．8．Marycan’tbelievethenews．Tonytoldherthenewsjustnow．Mary_can’t_believe_the_news_(that/which)_Tony_told_her_just_now．eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)閱讀理解AOnJan．11,amothernamedAmyCalhounhadanextremelyscaringexperiencebeforeaneighborcametohelpher．Afterdrinkingmilkandasmallamountofjuice,her7-week-oldsonOliverbegantocry．Hismothergentlypatted(拍打)hisback．Thenhevomited(嘔吐)．ThevomitwasstuckinOliver’snose．Hecouldn’tbreathe．Calhounrandownstairs．Shelaidhimonthehardfloorandwentoutsideandshoutedforhelp．ShetriedCPR．Shewasn’tdoingitright．Shewentoutsideandshoutedagainforhelp．Sheturnedaround．Oliverwasblue．Hiseyeswereclosed．“Hewasgone，”shesaid．Thenextthingsheknewwasthatastrangerwasthere．“Idon’tevenrememberseeinghimcomein，”shesaid．MarcusBrewerrantothehome．Calhounwascrying．Hesawthelifelessbaby．“Shewasjustsaying,‘Mybaby’sdead．’”hesaid．“That’sallIrememberhersaying．”Brewer,aformervolunteerfirefighter,toldhertocalmdownandtellhimwhathadhappened．HepickedOliverup．Oliver’sarmsandlegshungloosely．Brewerturnedhimoverandstronglypattedhisback．Hesucked(吸)outthevomitandperformedCPR．Afterawhile,BrewersawOliver’sdarkbluelipsshake．AndCalhounheardOlivercry．Oliverhadbeenbroughtbacktolifejustbeforetheambulancearrived．CalhounandherbabyweremovedtoMedicalCenter,wherethedoctorssaidhewasperfectlyhealthy．Calhounthoughttheincidentcouldbealesson,andencouragedeveryonetolearnCPR．“Theremightbeonedaywhenyou’llhavetouseittosavealovedoneorastranger，”shesaid．“Ifitweren’tforhim,mysonwouldnotbehererightnow．”AsOlivergetsolder,sheplanstotellhimhisstory．【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。一個(gè)7周大的嬰兒因嘔吐物卡在鼻中而停止呼吸，鄰居趕來(lái)對(duì)其實(shí)施急救，從而使嬰兒得救。1．WhydidOliverstopbreathing?A．Hedrankbadmilkandjuice．B．Somethingharmedhislung．C．Somethingwasstuckinhisnose．D．Hismotherwronglypattedhim．C解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的“ThevomitwasstuckinOliver’snose．Hecouldn’tbreathe．”可知，Oliver因嘔吐物卡在鼻中而停止呼吸。2．Calhoundidn’tnoticeBrewercomeintothehomeprobablybecause________．A．shewascalling911B．shewaslostingreatsadnessC．shewasdoingCPRdownstairsD．shewasshoutingoutsideforhelpB解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的描寫(xiě)以及“Shewasjustsaying,‘Mybaby’sdead，’”hesaid．“That’sallIrememberhersaying．”可知，Calhoun當(dāng)時(shí)驚惶失措，特別難受，無(wú)暇顧及屋里是否進(jìn)來(lái)生疏人。3．What’stheRIGHTorderofBrewer’sfirst-aidsteps?A．TurnOliverover—pattheback—suckoutthevomit—performCPR．B．TurnOliverover—performCPR—suckoutthevomit—pattheback．C．PerformCPR—turnOliverover—pattheback—suckoutthevomit．D．TurnOliverover—suckoutthevomit—pattheback—performCPR．A解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段Brewer施救的依次可知答案。4．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．NeverIgnoreaStranger’sHelpB．ANeighborSavedaBabybyCPRC．HowtoPerformCPRonBabiesD．AFriendinNeedIsaFriendIndeedB解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講解并描述生疏鄰居如何通過(guò)CPR來(lái)救人的故事，故B項(xiàng)作標(biāo)題最佳。BHavinglivedinCaliforniauntil1970,myfamilyhasfeltanumberofearthquakes．Wehavebeenfortunate,however,tohavesufferednobodilyharmorpropertydamage．ThereisawebsitethatlistsallCaliforniaearthquakesrecordedfrom1769tothepresent．Thesiteliststhedatesandtimesaswellasthemagnitude(震級(jí))andtheexactlocationofanyquakethatmeasuredmorethan6．0．Thereareonlyafewquakesthatstandoutinmymemoryand,luckily,noneisshowninthewebsite．So,mypersonalexperienceswithearthquakesmightbeconsideredinsignificant．Therearethreeearthquakesthataredifficulttoforget．Thefirstonewasin1955andouroldestdaughterwaswalkingwithmeinourbackyardinRedwoodCityinCalifornia．AstheshakingbecamestrongerIheldhertomewithonearmasIheldontooneofourfruittreeswiththeother．Allthreeofus(mydaughter,Iandthetree)shookfortwoorthreeminuteswhichtousfeltlikehours．Thesecondonewasin1963．OurentirefamilywasvisitingDisneylandinSouthernCalifornia．Theearthstartedtoshakejustaswewerebeginningtowalkfromourhoteltowardthe_famous_landmark．MythirdexperiencewithanearthquakewasalonelyoneinCalifornia．ItwasinmysixtiesandIwasaloneinanoldchurch．Asthebuildingstartedtoshake,Iquicklyheadedforthedoortogooutside．IrememberIsaidalittleprayer—somethinglike,“Helpmegetoutofhereintime,DearHeavenlyFather．”Minuteslater,Iwassafeoutside．【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】作者回憶了自己經(jīng)驗(yàn)的三次地震。5．Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlytotellusabout________．A．a(chǎn)newfilmaboutanearthquakeB．howtosurviveanearthquakeC．histhreeearthquakeexperiencesD．howtosavechildreninanearthquakeC解析：寫(xiě)作意圖題。作者主要向讀者介紹了自己經(jīng)驗(yàn)的三次地震。6．Theearthquakestheauthorhasexperienced________．A．a(chǎn)llcausedbodilyharmB．a(chǎn)reallrecordedinawebsiteC．a(chǎn)llmeasuredmorethan6．0D．a(chǎn)llhappenedinCaliforniaD解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的“Thefirstonewasin1955．．．inCalifornia．”和第四段其次句以及第五段的“MythirdexperiencewithanearthquakewasalonelyoneinCalifornia．”可知答案。7．Whenthefirstearthquakehappened,theauthor________．A．wasstayingwithhisdaughterB．wasplantingfruittreesC．heldontoatreeforhoursD．wasinahotelA解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段其次句及最終一句的“Allthreeofus(mydaughter,Iandthetree)shookfortwoorthreeminutes”可知第一次地震發(fā)生時(shí)，作者和他的女兒正待在一起。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thefamouslandmark”referto?A．Achurch．B．Disneyland．C．Abuildingdestroyedbyanearthquake．D．Theplacewheretheauthorwasborn．B解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)上文“OurentirefamilywasvisitingDisneyland”可知答案。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)七選五Firstrainsoftheseasonalwaysmakeeverybodyhappy．However,asitbeginstorainoften,youwillpossiblyfeelbored．1．________Well,youcandomanyfunthings,whichwillmakethedayatrulyenjoyableone．2．________Takealittletimeoutforyourself．Thentakealongwalkandwatcheverything．Youcanwalkinyourneighborhoodoreventakethesubwayanddiscovernewplacesinthetown．Ifyouliketakingpictures,takeyourcameraalongwithyoutocatchbeautifulmoments．Hostaraindanceparty!3．________Itcanalsobeinyourbackyard．Makesurethatthedancefloorishardandeventoavoidaccidents．Placethestereo(立體聲音響)undertheroofincaseitgetswet．Callyourfriendsandenjoytheparty!Watchandlistentonature．Forexample,youcantakeyourbikeandrideinagreenhillyarea．4．________Ifyoucan’tgooutsideyourhouse,sitinthebalcony(陽(yáng)臺(tái))withacupofteaandlistentothesoundofwaterfallingondifferentobjects．Therearemanythingstodoonarainyday．Butmakesureyoutakearainjacketoranumbrellawhilegoingoutintherains．5．________Whenitcomestopreventingyoucatchingacoldintherains,youcaneatalotofvitaminC,andtakeabathonceyoucomebackhome．A．Takeawalkbyyourself．B．Youcanstoptobuyanicecream．C．Sohowcanyouhavefunonsucharainyday?D．Youcansitonthetopofahillandenjoytheview．E．Youwon’tgetcompletelywetandthencatchacold．F．Havesomecoffeeoutsideandenjoytheconversation．G．Thedancefloorcanbenearyourhome’sswimmingpool．【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何快樂(lè)地度過(guò)雨季。1．C解析：該空前說(shuō)下雨天你會(huì)覺(jué)得很苦惱，所以如何快樂(lè)地度過(guò)雨天呢？其實(shí)你可以做很多快樂(lè)的事，由此可知C項(xiàng)正確。2．A解析：該空為該段的主題句，依據(jù)該空后的“Takealittletimeoutforyourself．”以及下文多次提到的walk可知，選項(xiàng)A正確。3．G解析：依據(jù)空后“Itcanalsobeinyourbackyard．Makesurethatthedancefloorishardandeven”可知，It指代的是thedancefloor，G項(xiàng)中提到“Thedancefloor”，所以應(yīng)選G項(xiàng)。4．D解析：依據(jù)該段的主題句“Watchandlistentonature．”和空前的“Forexample,youcantakeyourbikeandrideinagreenhillyarea．”可知，D項(xiàng)正確。雖然B項(xiàng)也是以Youcan開(kāi)頭，但是與本段的主題句“賞雨和聽(tīng)雨”不一樣。5．E解析：外出的時(shí)候記得要帶雨衣或雨傘，否則會(huì)因淋濕而感冒，由此可知E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)語(yǔ)法填空Mountainclimbingisasportdifferentfromrockclimbing．Mountainclimbingequipmentthereforediffers1．____________rockclimbingequipmentsometimes,2．__