河南省信陽市2024-2025學年高一上學期1月期末英語試題【含答案解析】

2024-2025學年普通高中高一(上)期末教學質量檢測英語試題本試卷共8頁，四個大題，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whoistheoldest?A.Theman’smother.B.Thewoman’smother.C.Thewoman’sfather.2.Whydoesthemangotothelibrary?A.Toreturnabook.B.Tostudyforanexam.C.Toborrowacollectionofpoems.3.Whatistheman?A.Ateacher.B.Awriter.C.Astudent.4.WhatcolorshirtdoesMaryprefer?A.White.B.Yellow.C.Blue.5.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A.Excited.B.Moved.C.Sad.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)請聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。請聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesthemaninviteLisatodo?A.Goclimbingwithhim.B.Attendabirthdayparty.C.Tryahot-airballoon.7.WhenwillLisaarrivethere?A.Atabout4:00p.m.B.Atabout3:00p.m.C.Atabout2:00p.m.請聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthemancometothecity?A.Tovisitafriend.B.Totravel.C.Totakeabusinesstrip.9.Whatdrinkdoesthemanlikebest?A.Greentea.B.Coffee.C.Orangejuice.10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Waitressandcustomer.B.Friends.C.Colleagues.請聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whichtrainwillthemantake?A.The10:50one.B.The11:20one.C.The11:50one.12.Whatkindofticketdidthemanbookatfirst?A.Afirst-classticket.B.Asecond-classticket.C.Abusinessticket.13.Howwillthemanprobablypay?A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Bycreditcard.請聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhatdidTanyausetodo?A.Runintheevening.B.Swiminthepool.C.Rideabike.15.WhatisSteven’shobby?A.Takingphotos.B.Playingfootball.C.Cycling.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Takeawalk.B.Goshopping.C.Watchagame.請聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Snowy.B.Windy.C.Rainy.18.Whatarethelistenersadvisedtodo?A.Stayathome.B.Avoiddrivingtotown.C.Gotothecountryside.19.Whowouldbepleasedwiththeweatheraccordingtothespeaker?A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Kids.20.Whenisthenextnews?A.At6:00a.m.B.At8:00a.m.C.At9:00a.m.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AGointothesecharmingtaleswithyourlovedonestofindyourinnerdelight.Oh,thePlacesYou’llGo!Thereisacharacterwhosetsoutonanamazingjourney.Thischaractersailedthroughmanyadventures,conqueringalltheamazinghighsandterriblelows.Itkeptmovingforwardtomeetitsthirstforexploring.Thisstoryteachesusgreatachievementsonlycometothosewiththecouragetoexplore.TheLittleEngineThatCouldInaworldofengines,therelivedatinyblueengine.Oneday,theengineswereaskedtodoanimportanttask:Todelivertoystochildrenlivingontheothersideofthemountain.Thelittleengineacceptedthetaskwithapositivemindsetthoughbeinglaughedat.Hiddeninthisstoryisalessonofbelievinginyourself,whichcanturn“IthinkIcan”into“IknewIcould.”TheRainbowFishIntheoceanlivedaRainbowFishwithshinyscalebutnofriends.Oneday,awiseoctopus(章魚)toldhim,“wetrulyfeelsatisfiedwhenweshareourblessingswiththelessfortunate.”Fromthatdayon,theRainbowFishstartedsharingitsscalewithotherfish.Itfinallydiscoveredthejoyofatruefriendship.Thisstoryteachesusbeautyisonlyfoundinyourabilitytosharewhatyouhave!TheGivingTreeOnceuponatime,therelivedageneroustreethatdeeplylovedalittleboy.Itusedtoprovideshadefortheboytoplayandrest,applestoeat,andstrongbranchestotakeswingson.Thetreegaveeverythingithadtotheboyitloved,butitwassatisfied.Thestoryteachesusimportantvaluesoflifelikeselflessness.1.Whichofthefollowingstoriesstressestheimportanceofself-belief?A.Oh,thePlacesYou’llGo! B.TheLittleEngineThatCouldC.TheRainbowFish D.TheGivingTree2.Howdidthetreefeelaftergivingeverythingtoitslovedboy?A.Sadandregretful. B.Contentandpleased.C.Disgustedandannoyed. D.Inspiredandpassionate.3.Whatdothefourtaleshaveincommon?A.Theyalltakeplaceintheocean.B.Theyareallaboutadventuresandcourage.C.Theyallteachimportantlessonsandvalues.D.Theyallhaveanimalcharacterswithahappyending.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【導語】本文是應用文。文章介紹了幾個富有魅力和啟發(fā)性的故事，如Oh,thePlacesYou’llGo!、TheLittleEngineThatCould、TheRainbowFish和TheGivingTree。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheLittleEngineThatCould下的“Hiddeninthisstoryisalessonofbelievinginyourself,whichcanturn“IthinkIcan”into“IknewIcould.”(這個故事背后隱藏著一個關于相信自己的教訓，它可以把“我認為我可以”變成“我知道我可以”)”可知，TheLittleEngineThatCould這個故事強調了自信的重要性。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheGivingTree下的“Thetreegaveeverythingithadtotheboyitloved,butitwassatisfied.Thestoryteachesusimportantvaluesoflifelikeselflessness.(樹把它的一切都給了它愛的男孩，但它很滿足。這個故事教會了我們一些重要的人生價值觀，比如無私)”可知，樹把它的一切都給了它愛的男孩，但它很滿足，故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Oh,thePlacesYou’llGo!下的“Thisstoryteachesusgreatachievementsonlycometothosewiththecouragetoexplore.(這個故事告訴我們，偉大的成就只屬于那些有勇氣探索的人)”；TheLittleEngineThatCould下的“Hiddeninthisstoryisalessonofbelievinginyourself,whichcanturn“IthinkIcan”into“IknewIcould.”(這個故事背后隱藏著一個關于相信自己的教訓，它可以把“我認為我可以”變成“我知道我可以”)”；TheRainbowFish下的“Thisstoryteachesusbeautyisonlyfoundinyourabilitytosharewhatyouhave!(這個故事告訴我們，美麗只存在于你分享你所擁有的東西的能力中)”以及TheGivingTree下的“Thestoryteachesusimportantvaluesoflifelikeselflessness.(這個故事教會了我們一些重要的人生價值觀，比如無私)”可知，四個故事的最后都給我們講述了道理。故選C項。BFordecades,XuShuangminhadseldomexploredbeyondhercommunity,limitedwithinacomfortable5-kilometerzoneinthecentralcity.Butattheageof67,andfreshoffherretirement,shesurprisedeveryonewithadecisiontotravel4,000kmnorthwest,startinganewchapterasavolunteerteacher.InSeptember2021,Xujoinedanationalsilver-ageteacheractionplan,aprogrammelaunchedbytheMinistryofEducationtotakeadvantageofthewealthofexperienceandknowledgeofretirededucatorstopromotetheeducationalqualityofuniversitiesinthewesternregions.Mostoftheretiredteacherscomefromtheeconomicallydevelopedlargecitiesinthecentralandeasternregions.However,theywerenotafraidofXinjiang’sdryclimate,sandyweatherandrelativelymodestlivingfacilities.Despitebeingavolunteer,theteachersworkwithgreatenergy.Take63-year-oldZhongDakang,forinstance.Heworksovertimeandisfrequentlyseenfocusingallhisattentiononthecomputerinhisofficethroughouttheday.Duetohisdevotion,heoftenforgetstotakehisblood-pressurepills.ChenXiaohe,70,isaretiredteacherfromauniversityinShanghai.Havingdifficultywalkingfollowingacaraccident,hestillenjoysstandinginfrontofaclass.ChenevenstayedontheKaramaycampusduringthewinterandsummervacations,preparinglessonsandteachingmaterials.Hehasextendedhisfirstone-yearvolunteeringcontract(合同)tothreeyears.Thepraisehereceivedfromhisstudentsmightbethereasonbehindhisdecisiontoextendhisstay.Thecourseheteacheshasoftenbeenpraisedforits“clarity”andbeing“easytocomprehend”.Theterm“Silver-hairedPower”hasemergedasoneofChina’stop10buzzwordsthisyear.Itmeansthatthevitalityoftheelderlyshouldnotbeheldbackbyaging,astheydeservecareandhappiness,aswellasopportunitiestocontinuemakingcontributionstosociety.4.WhydidXuShuangminsurpriseeveryoneafterretirement?A.Becauseshemovednorthwestwithherfamily.B.Becauseshewroteachapteronhercommunity.C.Becausesheexploredaroundhercomfortablezone.D.Becauseshebecameavolunteerteacherfarfromhome.5.Whatisthepurposeofthenationalsilver-ageteacheractionplan?A.TohelpretirededucatorsadapttotheclimateinXinjiang.B.TopromotetheconstructionoflivingfacilitiesinXinjiang.C.Toinspiremorepeopletoliveineconomicallydevelopedcities.D.Toimprovetheeducationalqualitiesofuniversitiesinthewesternareas.6.WhatarethefeaturesofthecoursetaughtbyChenXiaohe?A.Itisclearandeasilyunderstandable.B.Itischallenginganddifficulttomaster.C.Itisfullofhumorandinterestingexamples.D.Itfocusesonhands-onactivitiesandpracticalskills.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthispassage?A.RetirementChoices:StayingatHomeorTravelingAbroad.B.Silver-hairededucators:PioneeringEducationHopeintheWest.C.LifestyleChallenges:RetiredTeachers’StrugglesinRemoteAreas.D.WesternUniversities:AppealingtoRetirededucatorsfromBigCities.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了像徐雙敏、鐘大康、陳曉和等退休教師響應《國家銀齡教師行動計劃》，前往西部地區(qū)擔任志愿教師，利用自己的經驗和知識提升西部大學教育質量的事情。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Fordecades,XuShuangminhadseldomexploredbeyondhercommunity,limitedwithinacomfortable5-kilometerzoneinthecentralcity.Butattheageof67,andfreshoffherretirement,shesurprisedeveryonewithadecisiontotravel4,000kmnorthwest,startinganewchapterasavolunteerteacher.(幾十年來，徐雙敏很少走出她的社區(qū)，被限制在市中心一個舒適的5公里范圍內。但在67歲的時候，剛退休不久，她決定前往4000公里外的西北地區(qū)，開始作為一名支教教師的新篇章，這讓所有人都大吃一驚。)”可知，幾十年來徐雙敏很少離開自己所在的社區(qū)，而在67歲退休后她成了一名遠離家鄉(xiāng)的支教老師，這讓大家很驚訝。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“InSeptember2021,Xujoinedanationalsilver-ageteacheractionplan,aprogrammelaunchedbytheMinistryofEducationtotakeadvantageofthewealthofexperienceandknowledgeofretirededucatorstopromotetheeducationalqualityofuniversitiesinthewesternregions.(2021年9月，他加入了‘國家銀齡教師行動計劃’，這是教育部發(fā)起的一項利用退休教師豐富的經驗和知識來提升西部地區(qū)高校教育質量的計劃。)”可知，“國家銀齡教師行動計劃”的目的是利用退休教育工作者豐富的經驗和知識來提高西部地區(qū)大學的教育質量。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thepraisehereceivedfromhisstudentsmightbethereasonbehindhisdecisiontoextendhisstay.Thecourseheteacheshasoftenbeenpraisedforits“clarity”andbeing“easytocomprehend”.(他從學生那里得到的贊揚可能是他決定延長停留時間的原因。他所教授的課程經常因其‘清晰’和‘易于理解’而受到稱贊。)”可知，陳曉和所教的課程經常因其“清晰”和“易于理解”而受到贊揚。由此可推知，陳曉和教授課程的特色是清晰易懂。故選A項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段“Theterm“Silver-hairedPower”hasemergedasoneofChina’stop10buzzwordsthisyear.Itmeansthatthevitalityoftheelderlyshouldnotbeheldbackbyaging,astheydeservecareandhappiness,aswellasopportunitiestocontinuemakingcontributionstosociety.(“銀發(fā)力量”一詞已成為今年中國十大流行語之一。這意味著老年人的活力不應該被衰老所抑制，他們應該得到照顧和幸福，以及繼續(xù)為社會做出貢獻的機會。)”可知，文章主要講述了像徐雙敏、鐘大康、陳曉和等退休教師響應國家銀齡教師行動計劃，前往西部地區(qū)擔任志愿教師，利用自己的經驗和知識提升西部大學教育質量的事情，“Silver-hairededucators:PioneeringEducationHopeintheWest(銀發(fā)教育工作者：在西部開拓教育希望)”能很好地概括文章內容，適合作為文章的標題。故選B項。CAustraliahaspassedalawthataimstopreventpeopleyoungerthan16fromusingsocialmedia.Thelawismeanttoprotectyoungpeople,butsomepeoplesayitcouldcreatemoreproblemsthanitsolves.Underthenewlaw,socialmediacompanieslikeMetaandTikTokmusttake“reasonablesteps”topreventanyoneunder16fromcreatinganaccount.Ifthecompaniesdonotfollowthelaw,theycouldbefineduptoUS$32million.Thelawdoesn’taffectallsocialmedia.YouTubeisnotincludedbecauseit’softenusedinschools.Australia’sPrimeMinister,AnthonyAlbanese,stronglysupportsthenewlaw.Hesaysitmaynotbeperfect,butthatitisneededtoprotectyoungpeoplefromthenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia.MostpeopleinAustraliaseemtoagree.Recentsurveysshowthat77%ofpeopleinAustraliaareinfavorofthelaw.Peopleareworriedabouthowsocialmediacanhurtyoungpeople’smentalhealth.Manypeoplehaveheardstoriesaboutyoungpeoplewhohavebeenbullied(欺凌)onlineandlaterhurtthemselves.Butnoteveryoneagreesthatthenewlawisagoodidea.Somepeoplebelievethelawwillmakeitharderforyoungpeopletoconnectwithotherswhocansupportthem.OthersworrythatthesocialmediabanwillpushyoungpeopletowardlesssafepartsoftheInternet.Oneofthebiggestconcernsishowthesocialmediacompanieswillfigureouthowoldtheirusersare.ThelawsaysthecompaniesmustgivepeopleawaytoprovetheiragewithoutsendinginagovernmentID,butit’snotclearhowthismightwork.Thedemandthatthecompaniescollectevenmoreinformationraisesworriesabouttheprivacyofyoungpeople.Aroundtheworld,thereareseriousconcernsabouttheeffectsofsocialmediaonyoungpeople.In2023,USSurgeonGeneralVivekMurthysaidthatsocialmediashouldcomewithahealthwarning.Othercountrieshavealsotakenstepstolimitsocialmediausebyyoungpeople.InFrance,peopleunder15cannotusesocialmediawithoutpermissionfromaparent.CountriesliketheUKandNorwayareconsideringsimilarlaws.8.WhatwillhappentosocialmediacompaniesifnotfollowingAustralia’snewlaw?A.They’llbeshutdown. B.They’llgetawarning.C.Theymaybefined. D.Theyhavetoapologize.9.WhyisYouTubenotaffectedbyAustralia’snewsocialmedialaw?A.Becauseitneedsnoaccounts.B.Becauseitobeysthelawstrictly.C.Becauseitisfrequentlyusedinschools.D.Becauseitissuperiortootherplatforms.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewlawfromparagraph3?A.Itisfavoredbythemajorityforitsperfection.B.Itpreventsyoungpeoplebeingbulliedonline.C.ItmakestheInternetalesssafeplaceonsocialmedia.D.Itaimstoprotecttheyoungfrombadeffectsofsocialmedia.11.Whatcausesworriesabouttheprivacyofyoungpeople?A.Theuncertaintyaboutthewayofcollectingusers’age.B.TherequirementofprovingtheiragewithoutagovernmentID.C.Youngpeople’soversharingpersonalinformationonsocialmedia.D.Thesocialmediacompanies’collectionofmoredatafromtheyoung.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹了澳大利亞通過了一項法律，旨在阻止16歲以下的人使用社交媒體，文章還提到了該法律引發(fā)的相關討論和爭議?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Underthenewlaw,socialmediacompanieslikeMetaandTikTokmusttake“reasonablesteps”topreventanyoneunder16fromcreatinganaccount.Ifthecompaniesdonotfollowthelaw,theycouldbefineduptoUS$32million.(根據(jù)這項新法律，Meta和TikTok等社交媒體公司必須采取‘合理措施’，防止16歲以下的人創(chuàng)建賬戶。如果這些公司不遵守法律，它們可能被處以高達3200萬美元的罰款。)”可知，如果社交媒體公司不遵守澳大利亞的新法律，它們可能會被處以高達3200萬美元的罰款。故選C項。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thelawdoesn’taffectallsocialmedia.YouTubeisnotincludedbecauseit’softenusedinschools.(這項法律并沒有影響到所有的社交媒體。YouTube不包括在內，因為它經常在學校使用。)”可知，YouTube不受澳大利亞新社交媒體法的影響是因為它經常在學校被使用。故選C項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Australia’sPrimeMinister,AnthonyAlbanese,stronglysupportsthenewlaw.Hesaysitmaynotbeperfect,butthatitisneededtoprotectyoungpeoplefromthenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia.MostpeopleinAustraliaseemtoagree.Recentsurveysshowthat77%ofpeopleinAustraliaareinfavorofthelaw.Peopleareworriedabouthowsocialmediacanhurtyoungpeople’smentalhealth.(澳大利亞總理強烈支持這項新法律。他說，這可能并不完美，但有必要保護年輕人免受社交媒體的負面影響。大多數(shù)澳大利亞人似乎都同意這一點。最近的調查顯示，77%的澳大利亞人支持這項法律。人們擔心社交媒體會損害年輕人的心理健康。)”可推知，這項新法律旨在保護年輕人免受社交媒體的負面影響。故選D項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Oneofthebiggestconcernsishowthesocialmediacompanieswillfigureouthowoldtheirusersare.ThelawsaysthecompaniesmustgivepeopleawaytoprovetheiragewithoutsendinginagovernmentID,butit’snotclearhowthismightwork.Thedemandthatthecompaniescollectevenmoreinformationraisesworriesabouttheprivacyofyoungpeople.(最大的擔憂之一是社交媒體公司將如何計算出他們用戶的年齡。法律規(guī)定，公司必須讓人們在不提供政府身份證的情況下證明自己的年齡，但目前尚不清楚這將如何實施。要求這些公司收集更多信息的要求引發(fā)了人們對年輕人隱私的擔憂。)”可推知，社交媒體公司收集年輕人更多的數(shù)據(jù)這一要求引發(fā)了對年輕人隱私的擔憂。故選D項。DInthechaosofanyairportallovertheglobe,afamiliaryetannoyingsightoftenunfolds.Anyonewhoiswaitinginline,patientlywaitingfortheirzonetobecalledatanairportdeparturegatehaslikelyseenascenewheresomeoneattemptstoslipforwardandboardtheplanebeforetheirgrouphasbeencalled.Itthrowsthewholeboardingprocessintodisorderanddelayseveryoneelse’sjourney.Lastmonth,AmericanAirlinesbecamethefirstairlinetotestanewtechnologytohelpstrictlypunishpassengerswhoattempttocuttheline.Andnow,aheadofthebusiesttraveldayoftheyear,theTexas-basedcarrierisexpandingitsnewtechnology.Thetechnologygivesgateagentsahearablesignalwhensomeonescanstheirticketandtriestoboardearly,urgingthatpassengertostepasideandwaitfortheircorrectgrouptobecalled.Inthisway,orderismaintainedandpassengerscanboardsmoothly.Americanistryingtorolloutthissystemtomorethan100airportsacrossthenation.“Weareintheearlystageoftestingnewtechnologyusedduringtheboardingprocess,designedtomakesurecustomersreceivepriorityboardingwitheaseandhelptheboardingexperiencebyprovidinggreatervisibility.”arepresentativeoftheairlinetoldABCNews.Expertssaidthatinadditiontoenforcingtherulesandefficiencywhenboardingtheplane,airlinesliketorewardtheirhighestpayingandfrequentflyerswithearlyboardingasanextrabenefit,sotheywanttokeepitexclusive.ThetechnologywasfirsttestedatthreeU.S.airports:AlbuquerqueInternational,TucsonInternationalAirportandRonaldReaganWashingtonNationalAirport.AnearlierversionofthisstorywasfirstpublishedonOct.23,2024whenthetechnologywasfirstbeingtested.12.WhatisthenewtechnologytestedbyAmericanAirlinesfor?A.Tospeeduptheboardingprocess.B.Tohelppassengersfindtheirseatseasily.C.Tostoppassengersjumpingthequeueduringboarding.D.Tooffercomfortablewaitingareasatthedeparturegate.13.Whatdoesthetechnologydowhensomeonetriestoboardearly?A.Itrefusestoscanthepassenger’sticket.B.Itautomaticallyclosestheboardinggate.C.Itsendsamessagetothepassenger’sphone.D.Itoffersawarningsoundtothegateagents.14.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“rollout”meaninparagraph3?A.Blame. B.Promote. C.Praise. D.Analyze.15.Whatkindofpassengerscanboardearly?A.Passengersbringingplentyofluggage.B.Passengersobeyingtheboardingrulesstrictly.C.Passengersmakingtheboardingprocesssmoothly.D.Passengerspayingthehighestfaresandflyingfrequently.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了美國航空公司測試的新技術，旨在嚴格懲罰那些試圖插隊的乘客，以保持登記秩序?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Lastmonth,AmericanAirlinesbecamethefirstairlinetotestanewtechnologytohelpstrictlypunishpassengerswhoattempttocuttheline.(上個月，美國航空公司（AmericanAirlines）成為首家測試一項新技術的航空公司，該技術有助于嚴厲懲罰試圖插隊的乘客。)”可知，美國航空公司測試的新技術是為了嚴格懲罰那些試圖插隊登機的乘客，也就是阻止乘客在登機時插隊（stoppassengersjumpingthequeueduringboarding）。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thetechnologygivesgateagentsahearablesignalwhensomeonescanstheirticketandtriestoboardearly,urgingthatpassengertostepasideandwaitfortheircorrectgrouptobecalled.(當有人掃描機票并試圖提前登機時，這項技術會給檢票員一個可聽到信號，敦促該乘客靠邊站，等待正確的登機組被呼叫。)”可知，當有人掃描機票并試圖提前登機時，這項技術會給登機口工作人員一個可聽見的信號（ahearablesignal），也就是向登機口工作人員發(fā)出警告聲音（offersawarningsoundtothegateagents）。故選D項?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inthisway,orderismaintainedandpassengerscanboardsmoothly.(這樣，秩序得以維持，乘客也能順利登機。)”以及劃線單詞句中“Americanistryingto…thissystemtomorethan100airportsacrossthenation.(美國航空正試圖將這一系統(tǒng)……到全國100多個機場。)”和前文提到美國航空公司在測試這項新技術，這里說要把這個系統(tǒng)推廣到全國100多個機場，“rollout”意思是“推廣（promote）”。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Expertssaidthatinadditiontoenforcingtherulesandefficiencywhenboardingtheplane,airlinesliketorewardtheirhighestpayingandfrequentflyerswithearlyboardingasanextrabenefit,sotheywanttokeepitexclusive.(專家表示，除了在登機時執(zhí)行規(guī)則和提高效率外，航空公司還喜歡獎勵那些收入最高和經常登機的乘客，讓他們提前登機，作為一種額外的好處，所以他們希望保持這種排他性。)”可知，除了在登機時執(zhí)行規(guī)則和提高效率外，航空公司喜歡給予支付最高票價和經常飛行的乘客（passengerspayingthehighestfaresandflyingfrequently）提前登機的額外福利。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyoulosetemper,youmakehurriedill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.____16____Youwillalsoloseyoursunny,go-gettingnature.Whatcanbedonetocontrolangerandpreventitfromruiningourlives?Herearefourwaysthatyoucandealwiththecausesofanger.Firstly,youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.____17____Also,youneedtoacceptthatnoteveryonehasthesamestandardsasyou,norwilltheybehaveinthesamewaythatyouwouldinagivensituation.Secondly,don’tdismissangerasabademotion.Thereareoccasionswhenangercanbedirectedinsuchawayastoachievegreatthings.MartinLutherKingwasangryaboutthelackofcivilrightsintheUSA.GandhiwasangryaboutBritishdominationinIndia.____18____Thirdly,reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Butitisahabit,andhabitscanbebroken.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallycausesanger.Angerisanegativereaction.Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.____19____Fourthly,don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething(orevensomeone),orscreamwhenweareangry.____20____However,ifyouaretostopangerfrombecomingyourmaster,youmustlearncontroloveryouranger.Inthisway,angerwillnolongerpreventyoufromachievingafulfillinglife.Inconclusion,youmustrecognizethatangerissomethingyoucancontrol.A.Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.B.Youwillregretrudelanguagespokenwithoutthought.C.Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.D.Yourangerwillnotgettheemotionalfooditneedstosurviveinthisway.E.Manyordinaryfolksalsogetangryaboutcertainaspectsintheirdailylife.F.Somepeoplebelievethatlesseningangerbyshoutingorhittingapillowishelpful.G.Theybothusedthatangertomotivatethemselvestofightagainstwhattheysawasinjustice.【答案】16.B17.C18.G19.D20.A【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要討論了如何控制憤怒情緒，防止其破壞我們的生活，并給出了四種處理憤怒原因的方法。16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyoulosetemper,youmakehurriedill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.(憤怒是最具破壞性的情緒。當你發(fā)脾氣時，你會匆忙地做出考慮不周的決定，你可能會后悔)”以及后文“Youwillalsoloseyoursunny,go-gettingnature.(你也會失去你陽光、進取的天性)”可知，此處是講述憤怒帶來的可能性后果，所以B項“Youwillregretrudelanguagespokenwithoutthought.(你會后悔不經思考就說粗話)”符合此處主題。故選B項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.(你必須接受有時事情會出錯，人們并不總是可愛的)”可知，本段主要講述需要認識到，沒有人是完美的，所以C項“Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.(意識到人無完人是避免生氣的好開始)”符合本段主題，是對前句的進一步說明。故選C項?！?8題詳解】設空位于段尾，是對前文的總結，根據(jù)前文“Secondly,don’tdismissangerasabademotion.Thereareoccasionswhenangercanbedirectedinsuchawayastoachievegreatthings.MartinLutherKingwasangryaboutthelackofcivilrightsintheUSA.GandhiwasangryaboutBritishdominationinIndia.(其次，不要認為憤怒是一種不好的情緒。在某些情況下，憤怒可以被引導成一件偉大的事情。馬丁·路德·金對美國缺乏公民權利感到憤怒。甘地對英國在印度的統(tǒng)治感到憤怒)”可知，本段講述引導憤怒情緒去做有意義的事，所以G項“Theybothusedthatangertomotivatethemselvestofightagainstwhattheysawasinjustice.(他們都用這種憤怒來激勵自己與他們所認為的不公正作斗爭)”是對前文的總結，其中They指的是馬丁·路德·金和甘地。故選G項?！?9題詳解】設空位于段尾，是對前文的總結，根據(jù)前文“Thirdly,reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Butitisahabit,andhabitscanbebroken.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallycausesanger.Angerisanegativereaction.Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.(第三，憤怒是一個很難改掉的習慣。但這是一種習慣，習慣是可以打破的。訣竅是在面對通常會引起憤怒的情況時避免做出反應。憤怒是一種消極的反應。你要學會完全不回應)”可知，本段主要講述改變總是憤怒的習慣，所以D項“Yourangerwillnotgettheemotionalfooditneedstosurviveinthisway.(這樣，你的憤怒就無法獲得生存所需的情感食糧)”是對前文方法的總結，符合文意。故選D項。【20題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Fourthly,don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething(orevensomeone),orscreamwhenweareangry.(第四，當你生氣的時候不要走捷徑。當我們生氣的時候，我們都會想要扔東西，打東西（甚至是某人），或者尖叫)”以及后文“However,ifyouaretostopangerfrombecomingyourmaster,youmustlearncontroloveryouranger.(然而，如果你不想讓憤怒成為你的主宰，你必須學會控制你的憤怒)”可知，A項“Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.(這樣的反應很簡單)”是對前文的評價，并且和后文構成轉折關系，符合文意。故選A項。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Thirty-threeyearsagoinsummer,weweredailybuscommuters(上下班往返的人).Duringtheearlymorning___21___,wesatsleepilywithourcollarsuptoourears,acheerlessandsilentbunch.Therewasa___22___man,perhapsCharlie,whodailywenttothecentreforelderpeople.Initially,helookedsadand___23___thebuswithdifficulty.ButoneJulyday,hegreetedeveryonecheerily.Thereafter,eachday,hisenergetic“Goodmorning”echoed(回聲)inthebus.Onemorninghehadabunchofflowersinhishands.Theywerealreadydroopingalittlebecauseofthe___24___.Thedriver___25___smilinglyandasked,“Haveyougotyourselfagirlfriend,Charlie?”Henodded___26___andsaidyes.EverymorningafterthatCharliealwaysbroughtaflower.Someofthe___27___passengersbeganbringinghim___28___.Themenstartedtojokeaboutit,talktoeachother,andsharedailynews.Thesummer___29___butonemorningCharliewasn’twaitingathis____30____stop.Whenhewasn’ttherethenextdayandthedayafterthat,westartedwonderingifhewassickor—____31____—onholidaysomewhere.Whenwecamenearertothecentreforelderpeople,oneofthepassengersaskedthedrivertowait.Weallheldour____32____whenshewenttothedoor.Later,weweretoldoneofhisvery____33____friendshaddiedattheweekend.ThenextMondayCharliewaswaitingatthe____34____,withmuchmoregreyhair.Eventhoughnoonehadtalkedaboutit,allthoseofussatwithoureyesfilledwith____35____andabunchofwildflowersinourhands.21A.exercise B.ride C.communication D.hiking22.A.grey-haired B.blue-eyed C.long-legged D.round-faced23.A.drove B.stopped C.boarded D.missed24.A.dirt B.heat C.noise D.water25.A.tookin B.brokein C.referredto D.turnedaround26.A.shyly B.secretly C.patiently D.helplessly27.A.private B.casual C.fortunate D.regular28.A.flowers B.newspapers C.memories D.ideas29.A.droppedout B.wentby C.tookup D.movedin30.A.clean B.old-fashioned C.usual D.comfortable31.A.desperately B.doubtfully C.completely D.hopefully32.A.balance B.promise C.breath D.temper33.A.close B.funny C.jealous D.capable34.A.seat B.stop C.center D.organization35.A.fear B.wonders C.confusion D.tears【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.D28.A29.B